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Trachoma:     more books (91)

Guide to Trachoma Control in Programmes for the Prevention of Blindness by World Health Organization, 1981-01-01 The Official Patient's Sourcebook on Trachoma by James N. Parker, Icon Health Publications, 2002-08-20 Military Ophthalmic Surgery: Including a Chapter On Trachoma and Other Contagious Conjunctival Diseases by Allen Greenwood, 2010-03-03 Trachoma by Julius Boldt, 2010-10-14 Trachoma: Webster's Timeline History, 1877 - 2007 by Icon Group International, 2010-03-10 The Agent of Trachoma: Recent Studies of the Biology Biochemsitry and Immunology of a Prokaryotic Obligate Parasite of Eukaryocytes (Monographs in Virology ; Vol. 7) by Y. Becker, 1974-11 The etiology of trachoma, by Louis Alphonse Julianelle, 1938 Cornea and External Eye Disease: Corneal Allotransplantation, Allergic Disease and Trachoma (Essentials in Ophthalmology) Trachoma: A Blinding Scourge from the Bronze Age to the Twenty-first Century by Hugh R Taylor, 2008-02-29 Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Trachoma by Rebecca J. Frey PhD, 2002-01-01 Military Ophthalmic Surgery (v. 2); Including a Chapter on Trachoma and Other Contagious Conjunctival Diseases by Allen Greenwood, 2009-12-17 Guide to the Laboratory Diagnosis of Trachoma by World Health Organization, 1975-01-01 Trachoma Control: A Guide for Programme Managers with 1 CD-ROM. LEARNER'S VERSION by World Health Organization, 2006-01 Trachoma; Its Character and Effects by Taliaferro Clark, 2010-06-13

lists with details

1. Trachoma
   trachoma. DESCRIPTION A form of bilateral keratoconjunctivitis which causes corneal scarring; at its onset, it resembles conjunctivitis  
   http://www.spedex.com/resource/documents/veb/trachoma.html
   
   Extractions: TRACHOMA DESCRIPTION: A form of bilateral keratoconjunctivitis which causes corneal scarring; at its onset, it resembles conjunctivitis with symptoms of tearing, photophobia, pain, swelling of the eyelids, and superior keratitis; as it passes through four stages, the conjunctival tissues become follicular, heal, and finally scar. Lacrimal glands and ducts are often affected as well; the upper lid may turn inward and the lashes then abrade the cornea; corneal ulceration results, becomes infected, and ultimately scars. When scarring is extensive, blindness results. The disease is spread by contact; flies and gnats may also transmit it. TREATMENT: If treated early (with antibiotics, usually tetracycline drugs or sulfonamides), the prognosis is excellent. Untreated, it can cause blindness. IMPLICATIONS: This disease is one the earliest recorded eye diseases; it was identified as early as the 27th century B.C. It is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, and afflicts over 400 million people (primarily in underdeveloped countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia). It is preventable with adequate diet, proper sanitation, and education. It is rare in the United States. Back to Contents or Back to SpEdEx Home

2. EMedicine - Trachoma : Article By Denise Mabey, FRCOphth, MBBS
   trachoma trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness and preventable blindness globally. This disease is the leading infectious cause of ocular morbidity in the world, and it is the  
   http://www.emedicine.com/oph/topic118.htm
   
   Extractions: (advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Ophthalmology Infectious Disease Last Updated: April 17, 2001 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Denise Mabey, FRCOphth, MBBS , Consulting Staff, Department of Ophthalmology, St Thomas Hospital of London Coauthor(s): Hugh Taylor, MD , Managing Director of the Center for Eye Research, Ringland Anderson Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne in Australia Editor(s): Anastasios J Kanellopoulos, MD , Assistant Program Director, Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Manhattan Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, New York University; Donald S Fong, MD, MPH , Assistant Clinical Professor of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine; Consulting Physician, Department of Ophthalmology, Southern California Permamente Medical Group; Christopher J Rapuano, MD

3. The International Trachoma Initiative
   Includes information on trachoma, prevention, treatment, initiative and programs. Founded by Pfizer Inc and The Edna McConnell Clark Foundation.  
   http://www.trachoma.org/
   
   Extractions: Trachoma is an easily spread infection of the eye. Repeated occurrences scar the upper eyelid, eventually turning it inward. The eyelashes then scratch the cornea, leading to blindness. It is a gradual yet painful condition affecting the poorest of the poor. Though it has blinded about six million people worldwide, trachoma can now be controlled with a strategy called SAFE that combines treatment with prevention. The International Trachoma Initiative is dedicated to eliminating blinding trachoma by the year 2020. H Mauritania Launches Trachoma Control Program Saving Sight: International Trachoma Initiative

4. Trachoma
   The trachoma department deals with the leading cause of preventable blindness, which first makes itself known in the early stages of trachoma, a course of tetracycline ointment or  
   http://www.hki.org/programs/trachoma.html

5. WHO Alliance For The Global Elimination Of Trachoma
   Elimination of blinding trachoma from the globe by the year 2020.  
   http://www.who.int/pbd/trachoma/pressrel.htm

6. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Trachoma
   trachoma. trachoma is an eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, which may result in chronic scarring and blindness if left untreated.  
   http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001486.htm
   
   Extractions: @import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Contents of this page: Eye Alternative names Return to top Granular conjunctivitis; Egyptian ophthalmia Definition Return to top Trachoma is an eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis which may result in chronic scarring and blindness if left untreated. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Trachoma is caused by infection with the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis . It has an incubation period of 5 to 12 days and begins slowly as conjunctivitis (irritation near the eye, "pink eye"), which if untreated may become chronic and lead to scarring. If the eyelids are severely irritated, the eyelashes may turn in and rub against the cornea. This can cause eye ulcers, further scarring, visual loss, and even blindness Trachoma occurs worldwide primarily in rural settings in developing countries. It frequently affects children, although the consequences of scarring may not be evident until later in life. While trachoma is rare in the United States, certain populations marked by poverty, crowded living conditions, and/or poor hygiene are at higher risk for this illness. Trachoma is acquired via direct contact with eye or nose-throat secretions from affected individuals or by contact with inanimate objects which are contaminated with these secretions, such as towels or clothes. In addition, certain flies which have fed on these secretions can transmit trachoma.

7. HealthlinkUSA Trachoma Links
   Search results from 9 different search engines. Finding trachoma is a Click Away at 2020Search.com you re looking for on%3A trachoma%3F 2020Search will instantly provide you  
   http://www.healthlinkusa.com/Trachoma.html

8. INDEX
   Includes disease information, programs, resources, and news. In English and French.  
   http://www.trachomahki.org/

9. Trachoma
   DESCRIPTION Chronic infectious disease of the conjunctiva and cornea. Characteristics photophobia, pain, lacrimation. The organism is a bacterium, Chlamydia trachomatis. Usual course - acute; progressive. 076.0 trachoma, initial stage. 076.1 trachoma, active  
   http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0933.html

10. ITI - TRACHOMA
    About trachoma trachoma is the world s leading cause of preventable blindness. trachoma affects the inner upper eyelid and cornea.  
    http://www.trachoma.org/trachoma.asp
    
    Extractions: Trachoma is the world's leading cause of preventable blindness. Trachoma is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis which can be spread easily by hands, clothing, or flies that have come in contact with discharge from the eyes or nose of an infected person. The disease generally occurs in poor countries where people have limited access to water and health care. Trachoma affects the inner upper eyelid and cornea. Children are especially susceptible to the early, inflammatory stage of the disease. Repeated infection leads to scarring, thickening of the conjunctiva, and distortion of the eyelid. The eyelashes begin to rub the eye, leading to corneal opacity and blindness, typically in adulthood. ( See the different stages of trachoma ) The Global Impact of Trachoma Trachoma has an immense impact, globally and in the communities where it is endemic. More than 10 percent of the world's population is at risk of blindness due to trachoma, which has incapacitated families and communities for decades in the poorest regions of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East and in some parts of Latin America and Australia. Trachoma currently blinds some six million people. Globally, the disease results in an estimated US $2.9 billion in lost productivity each year. Because the disease causes blindness in the most productive years of a person's life, trachoma can ruin the economic well being of entire families and communities. Women are two to three times more likely than men to be blinded by trachoma. A woman who becomes visually impaired because of the disease can no longer perform vital activities for her household, such as gathering firewood and cooking. To fill this gap, an older daughter may be taken out of school to assume those responsibilities, forgoing her opportunity to break the cycle of poverty with a formal education. If many adults in a village become blind from trachoma, an entire community may be debilitated. Without intervention, trachoma keeps families shackled to a cycle of poverty as vulnerability to the disease and its effects are passed from one generation to another.

11. TDS; Passports, Visas, Travel Documents
    All visitors over one year of age arriving from infected areas must have a yellow fever vaccination certificate. Hepatitis B, malaria, cholera, trachoma, schistosomiasis, river blindness, and sleeping sickness are all hazards.  
    http://www.traveldocs.com/ao/tips.htm
    
    Extractions: TRAVEL TIPS Health Precautions : All visitors over one year of age arriving from infected areas must have a yellow fever vaccination certificate. Hepatitis B, malaria, cholera, trachoma, schistosomiasis, river blindness, and sleeping sickness are all hazards. Tapwater is not potable. Sophisticated medical treatment is not available. Health requirements change; check latest information. Weather and clothing : Angola's climate is tropical, with wet and dry seasons that vary little in temperature. While it is very hot and rainy in the coastal region, temperatures in the inland areas are milder. Casual attire, safari suits are the norm in hot, humid climate. Telephone : When direct dialing to Angola from the U.S., dial 011(international access code) + 244 [country code] + local number, or use international operator. Informations : 112 (telephone numbers). Time : 1 hour ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.

12. CNN.com - Health - Plan Underway To Squash Preventable Blindness Disease - Decem
    http://cnn.com/2000/HEALTH/12/04/health.trachoma.reut/index.html
    
    Extractions: WEB SERVICES: LONDON (Reuters) Pilot studies in Morocco and Tanzania have more than halved the number of cases of trachoma as doctors start a drive to eliminate the world's biggest cause of preventable blindness. The success of the International Trachoma Initiative (ITI), health experts said Monday, means the plan will be extended to other countries where the bacterial infection threatens millions of people with blindness, including patients in Ghana, Mali, Sudan and Vietnam.

13. TRACHOMA Introduction
    INTRODUCTION. The World Health Organization (WHO) will lead an international alliance of interested parties to work for the global elimination of trachoma an infectious disease responsible, at present, for at least 15% of the world's blindness. people largely irreversibly blinded by trachoma, and an estimated 146 million cases  
    http://www.who.int/pbd/trachoma/introd.htm

14. CNN - Carter Sees Worthy Cause In Fighting Eye Disease In Africa - October 23, 1
    http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/africa/9910/23/carter.trachoma/index.html
    
    Extractions: Web posted at: 8:19 a.m. EDT (1219 GMT) From Correspondent Brian Cabell ATLANTA (CNN) Former President Jimmy Carter and his wife Rosalynn are lending their clout to an African public health campaign designed to control a blinding eye disease called trachoma. Trachoma, a highly contagious bacterial infection of the upper eyelid, affects 146 million people worldwide. Six million people are sightless because of the disease. The trachoma bacterium causes the eyelid to turn inward. As a result, the eyelashes scratch the cornea, causing blindness. Children living in poverty are especially vulnerable.

15. DBMD - Trachoma - Technical Information
    trachoma. Clinical Features, trachoma is a chronic follicular conjunctivitis that leads to scarring in the conjunctiva and cornea.  
    http://www.cdc.gov/node.do/id/0900f3ec80007625
    
    Extractions: Trachoma Clinical Features Trachoma is a chronic follicular conjunctivitis that leads to scarring in the conjunctiva and cornea. Repeat active infections occur in children Chlamydia trachomatis , serovars A, B, Ba, and C. First description of disease in 16th-century BC in the Ebers Papyrus. Infectious potential demonstrated by experimental transmission of agent from a case-patient to an orangutan in 1907. Incidence WHO estimates that approximately 6 million cases of blindness due to trachoma and 11 million cases of trichiasis occur yearly. Prevalence of active disease in children varies from 10-40% in some African countries to 3-10% in several Asian countries. The overall incidence is unknown.

16. Trachoma
    Health Center. Dictionary. Encyclopedia. Innovation Spotlight. Resources. Optical Illusions. Free Eye Tests. Eye Doctor. Eye Care Mall. Eye Care Library. trachoma. How is trachoma detected? What is  
    http://www.visionrx.com/library/enc/enc_trachoma.asp
    
    Extractions: What is the treatment for trachoma? Trachoma is a chronic infection of the conjunctiva , the thin membrane that covers the outer surface of the eye and the inside lining of the eyelids. It is caused by a microorganism that grows only within eyelid cells, and it is one of the oldest infectious diseases, dating back several thousand years. Because the disease is not fatal and causes progressive rather than sudden damage to the eyes, it is often not taken seriously and may even be accepted as a fact of life in some countries. The trachoma infection is the leading cause of blindness in the world. The disease is rare in the United States and is most often seen in third-world and developing nations where poverty, overcrowding, personal hygiene, and access to clean water and health care are problems. It is prevalent in many African countries, parts of Central and South America, and some countries in the Eastern Mediterranean and in Asia. Trachoma is caused by infection with the microorganism Chlamydia trachomatis and is highly infectious, usually spread by contact with eye or nose discharge from an infected person. It is also transmitted by flies and gnats that are attracted to eyes and runny noses. Because it is easily transmitted from person to person, the disease often strikes entire communities.

17. CDC - Eliminating Trachoma In Areas With Limited Disease
    Dispatch. Eliminating trachoma in Areas with Limited Disease. Bruce D al. Eliminating trachoma in areas with limited disease. Emerg  
    http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol9no5/02-0577.htm
    
    Extractions: *University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; and †Geta Eye Hospital, Geta, Nepal Suggested citation for this article: Gaynor BD, Miao Y, Cevallos V, Jha H, Chaudary JSP, Bhatta R, et al. Eliminating trachoma in areas with limited disease. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] 2003 May [date cited]. Available from: URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol9no5/02-0577.htm The common wisdom is that a trachoma program cannot eliminate ocular chlamydia from a community, just reduce infection to a level where blindness would be minimal. We describe the success of multiple mass antibiotic treatments, demonstrating that complete elimination of infection may be an attainable goal in an area with modest disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) and a number of its partners have initiated a program to eliminate blinding trachoma by the year 2020 ( ). Many healthcare workers feel that attempting to eradicate the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma (serovars A, Ba, B, and C) would be unrealistic and perhaps even unnecessary. A more attainable goal would be to reduce clinically active trachoma to some threshold, below which scarring and blindness would never occur or at least would become so rare that trachoma would no longer be a major public health concern (

18. DBMD - Trachoma - Technical Information
    Factsheet on the disease with cause, incidence, and symptoms.  
    http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/trachoma_t.htm
    
    Extractions: Trachoma Clinical Features Trachoma is a chronic follicular conjunctivitis that leads to scarring in the conjunctiva and cornea. Repeat active infections occur in children Chlamydia trachomatis , serovars A, B, Ba, and C. First description of disease in 16th-century BC in the Ebers Papyrus. Infectious potential demonstrated by experimental transmission of agent from a case-patient to an orangutan in 1907. Incidence WHO estimates that approximately 6 million cases of blindness due to trachoma and 11 million cases of trichiasis occur yearly. Prevalence of active disease in children varies from 10-40% in some African countries to 3-10% in several Asian countries. The overall incidence is unknown.

19. Trachoma
    trachoma. Dr. Sanjay Dhawan A, B, Ba C ® trachoma (commonest is C)  
    http://www.sdhawan.com/ophthalmology/trachoma.html
    
    Extractions: Go Back A specific communicable keratoconjunctivitis usually of chronic evolution caused by the chlamydia trachomatis, primarily affecting the superficial epithelium, characterized by formation of follicles, papillary hyperplasia and pannus, the natural reolution of which is by cicatrization involving potentially considerable visual disability. (Duke-Elder) It means rough (Greek) 500 million affected 2 million are blind 15.5 % of global blindness 6.5 % (1 million) of population affected 2.4 % of blindness Poverty, dirt, flies, poor sanitation, etc. Transmission by direct inoculation by finger, flies and fomites. Prevalence a fly population in a region Age commonest in childhood Reservoir of infection children with active disease Primary epithelial lesion of conjunctiva and cornea Chronic inflammation characterized by papillary hypertrophy of epithelium and lymphoid infiltration of subepithelial tissue. May be large (upto 5 mm) Central necrosis ® mature (Sago grain) ® cicatrization Many follicles may coalesce ® Folliculoma of Pascheff Epithelium undergoes hypertrophy and is thrown in folds to form papillae.

20. WHO: Trachoma
    Location WHO Health topics trachoma. trachoma. Prevention of blindness and deafness (PBD). RELATED LINKS. Global elimination of blinding trachoma. HIV/AIDS.  
    http://www.who.int/health_topics/trachoma/en/
    
    Extractions: WHO sites Location: WHO Health topics Trachoma This page provides links to descriptions of activities, reports, news and events, as well as contacts and cooperating partners in the various WHO programmes and offices working on this topic. Also shown are links to related web sites and topics. MeSH scope note: A chronic infection of the conjunctiva and cornea caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. RELATED LINKS Trachoma

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