Extractions: Every time a patient presents with acute chest pain, the challenge is to make, as soon as possible, the correct diagnosis of presence, size, site and severity of myocardial ischemia. The electrocardiogram is the only tool able to do so immediately, in a non-invasive way and at low cost. Recently, new information has become available allowing us to recognize where in the coronary artery the culprit lesion is located and thereby estimate the size of the area of the heart which is jeopardized. This is of obvious importance in determining the aggressiveness of our therapy. Will we select a thrombus dissolving drug or opt for an invasive coronary intervention?
Progress: Myocardial Infarction Table Of Contents. myocardial infarction. In most cases, myocardial infarction is caused by blockages in coronary arteries by thrombosis. http://www.reproline.jhu.edu/english/6read/6issues/6progress/prog46_b.htm
Extractions: Progress in Reproductive Health Research Myocardial Infarction Myocardial infarction, or heart attack, occurs when the blood flow to the heart muscles stops or is reduced sufficiently for long enough to cause cell death. In most cases, myocardial infarction is caused by blockages in coronary arteries by thrombosis. Myocardial infarction is uncommon in women of reproductive age. Because of this, studies of large populations are needed to determine factors that cause this condition in this population group. Only limited data are available, which show that age, cigarette smoking, diabetes, hypertension and raised total blood cholesterol are important risk factors for myocardial infarction in young women. Most contraceptive users are healthy with a low incidence of major disease. Thus, even though serious adverse events occur infrequently in contraceptive users, they tend to have greater implications than adverse events arising during the treatment of sick patients. In addition, the very large number of women using steroid hormone contraceptives throughout the world means that even a modest rise in risk has the potential to affect a large number of women. The first report of coronary thrombosis in an oral contraceptive user was published in 1963. The results of the first epidemiological studies of vascular disease in oral contraceptive users were published in the late 1960s but only two presented data on myocardial infarction and neither found an elevated risk in current users of oral contraceptives. Subsequent studies, however, suggested such risk may be present.
Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) Heart Attack (myocardial infarction). A heart attack is a medical emergency in which the supply of blood to the heart itself is suddenly and severely reduced or http://www.cedars-sinai.edu/5186.html
Extractions: A heart attack is a medical emergency in which the supply of blood to the heart itself is suddenly and severely reduced or cut off. This causes the muscle of the heart to die for lack of oxygen. More than 1.1 million people have a heart attack each year. For many of them, the attack is their first symptom of coronary artery disease. A heart attack may be severe enough to cause death or it may be silent. As many as one out of every five people have only mild symptoms or none at all. Their heart attack may only be discovered by a routine electrocardiography done some time later. Symptoms Not everybody has the same symptoms when they are having a heart attack. These are some of the more common ones: About two out of every three people who have heart attacks have chest pain, shortness of breath or feel tired a few days or weeks before the attack. A person who has angina (temporary chest pain) may find that it happens more often after less and less physical activity. A change in the pattern of angina should be taken seriously. During a heart attack, a person may feel pain in the middle of the chest that may spread to the back, jaw or left arm. It may spread to the right arm as well. The pain may be felt in all of these places but not the chest. Sometime the pain is felt in the stomach area, where it may be taken for indigestion. The pain is like that of angina but usually more severe, longer lasting and doesn't get better by resting or taking a nitroglycerin pill.
Myocardial Infraction myocardial infarction. shortage, but are usually reversible. Infarction means necrosis of myocardial tissue. This gives a permanent damage http://www.technion.ac.il/~eilamp/mi.html
Extractions: We can distinct the following: Ischemia and Lesion are respectively the less and most worse form of oxygen shortage, but are usually reversible. Infarction means necrosis of myocardial tissue. This gives a permanent damage, although EKG changes can become normal after a longer period of time. Ischemia According to theory a negative T-wave indicates ischemia of the total heart wall or in the exterior wall layers of the ventricular muscle, and a high positive T-wave indicates ischemia of the interior wall layers. These changes take place in the first minute of occlusion of the coronary artery and is followed shortly with damage of the myocard. This is the reason why this phase is rarely registered electrocardiographically. Lesion (myocardial injury) A lesion causes a displacement of the ST-segment. An ST-depression (descending ST-segment) indicates a lesion of the subendocardial layers and an ST-elevation (ascending ST-segment) a lesion of the total wall. An ST-elevation is also caused by an inflammation of the subepicardial (exterior) layers of the heart muscle, for example pericarditis.
News - Rofecoxib Associated With Increased Acute Myocardial Infarction Risk In E Cardiovascular Diabetology Full text Silent myocardial Silent myocardial infarction in women with impaired glucose tolerance The Northern Sweden MONICA study Dan Lundblad 1 , 2 and Mats Eliasson 1 , 2 1 Department http://c.moreover.com/click/here.pl?x152414491
Myocardial Infarction And Cardiac Fibrosis Fibrogenesis is essential for infarct healing and affects ventricular remodeling, one of the most important prognostic factors after myocardial infarction. http://www.eurekah.com/abstract.php?chapid=991&bookid=83&catid=28
CHAPTER 4A: DIAGNOSIS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION CHAPTER 2 DIAGNOSIS OF myocardial infarction Author Aaron Folsum, MD. International diagnostic criteria for acute myocardial infarction and acute stroke. http://www.fhcrc.org/phs/cvdeab/chpt02.html
Extractions: CHAPTER 2: DIAGNOSIS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Author: Aaron Folsum, M.D. Criteria for diagnosis of MI have been most commonly used in clinical trials. A panel of physicians typically reviews and categorizes MI events as definite, probable, possible, and no event. The criteria physicians use for these determinations are not always stated specifically or completely and are often subjective. In addition, the criteria may not be published or may be published in abbreviated form as part of the main results. Nevertheless, such trials are one source of criteria. Although relevant clinical trials are not listed in this document, investigators can review reports on major cardiovascular disease intervention trials such as the Coronary Drug Project, the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial, the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program, and the Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial. A major problem in diagnosis of MI is the amount of change that has occurred over time. Introduction of ever more specific enzymes in the 1970s and 1980s has undoubtedly altered sensitivity and specificity of criteria that use enzymes. Beginning in the mid-1980s, aggressive treatment of MI with thrombolysis and angioplasty has also altered diagnosis. Thus, the time period covered by an investigation is important in selection of criteria. Many clinicians now consider elevation of the myocardial cell is a form of creatinine kinase (CK-MB) a gold standard for the diagnosis of true MI. However, in studies that rely on retrospective review of clinical data, this isoenzyme will not be available on all cases at all times. In addition, measurement of CK-MB is variable and laboratory standards are not uniform. Thus, most criteria will include chest pain and ECGs, as well as serum enzymes, for diagnosis.
Extractions: June 2, 2004 Hundreds of thousands of Americans are hospitalized each year due to chronic liver disease and cirrhosis Vioxx / Rofecoxib Tractor-Trailer Accidents Serzone / Nefazodone Hydrochloride Tort Reform ... Diagnosis Errors If you or a family member has been injured, contact a personal injury attorney today. Just fill out InjuryBoard.com's on-line questionnaire and have a personal injury lawyer review your potential personal injury claim - free of charge. Ask an Attorney The most common medical diagnosis error is failure to diagnose, or a delay in diagnosing, an acute myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack . Infarction means "death of tissue," and a myocardial infarction occurs when the heart muscle (tissue) dies. Time is of the essence when a patient makes a trip to the emergency room complaining of chest pain. Often, with swift medical intervention, the damage from a heart attack can be minimized. However, when an emergency room physician or other healthcare professional mistakes chest pain for indigestion and sends the patient home with Maalox, the result is often catastrophic. More often than not, an otherwise preventable
