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Botulism:     more books (100)

Biological Weapons: Plague, Anthrax, Marburg Virus, Botulism, Epidemic Typhus, Cholera, Yellow Fever, Lassa Fever, Dengue Fever, Q Fever Botulism and preserved green olives.(LETTERS): An article from: Emerging Infectious Diseases by Amy Cawthorne, Lucia Pastore Celentano, et all 2005-05-01 Wound botulism in injection drug users.(Letter to the editor)(Clinical report): An article from: Emerging Infectious Diseases by Wiltrud Maria Kalka-Moll, Ute Aurbach, et all 2007-06-01 Clostridial Neurotoxins: the Molecular Pathogenesis of Tetanus and Botulism Poultry Diseases: Thiamine, Botulism, Erysipelas, Toxoplasmosis, Avian Influenza, Haemoproteus, Leukocytozoon Oregon stores carry recalled food.(Health)(Officials find that 10 percent of small stores statewide stock Castleberry's Food Co. products under botulism-based ... from: The Register-Guard (Eugene, OR) by Gale Reference Team, 2007-08-01 Proceedings of the First U.S.-Japan Conference on Toxic Micro-Organisms (Mycotoxins Botulism) Botulism from drinking pruno.(Clinical report): An article from: Emerging Infectious Diseases by Duc J. Vugia, Sundari R. Mase, et all 2009-01-01 Botulism disaster helps uncover fake Botox market: four physicians indicted on federal charges.(Practice Trends): An article from: Skin & Allergy News by Betsy Bates, 2005-05-01 Botulism 1966 : Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Food Microbiology : Moscow, July 1966 by M; Roberts, T. A. Ingram, 1967 Botulism: An entry from Thomson Gale's <i>Gale Encyclopedia of Science, 3rd ed.</i> by Kathleen Scogna, 2004 Botulism by Frederic Will, 1975-01-01 Botulism Medical Guide by Qontro Medical Guides, 2008-07-09 2004 Complete Guide to Biological Weapons and Terrorism, Anthrax, Smallpox, Monkeypox, Ricin, Botulism, Brucellosis, Toxins, Plague, Q Fever, Tularemia, ... WMD, First Responder Two CD-ROM Set) by Department of Defense, 2004-02

lists with details

21. E-Bioterrorism.com: Information About Bioterrorism And Biological Agents
    Offers an insight into bioterrorism and biological pathogens including anthrax, botulism, and tularemia.  
    http://www.e-bioterrorism.com/
    
    Extractions: Bioterrorism is the use or threatened use of microorganisms or toxins to produce disease and/or death in humans, animals or plants. Bioterrorists undertake such actions to create fear and intimidate governments in the pursuit of idealological, political, or religious goals. Bioterrorism is insidious because biological agents are hard to detect upon covert release, they are nondiscriminate killers, and terrorists can protect themselves from the release and escape prior to the effect as it may take days to produce disease. Unlike conventional weapons, bioweapons are a relatively inexpensive means of eradicating people from an environment while preserving stuctures. At least 17 nations have offensive bioweapons programs. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and economic instability, the possibility exists that their research into weaponizing bioagents has been sold to terrorists. Weaponizing consists of processes designed to enhance delivery, stability, infectivity and/or lethality. Aerosol delivery is the most likely means of delivery for bioagents followed by water or food borne means, which are less likely due to logistics. In order to be delivered effectively by aerosol to the oral and nasal passages, particles must be very small (10 microns). They must be even smaller if they are to reach the

22. Information On Botulism
    Information on botulism. What is botulism? botulism is a serious illness caused by a nerve toxin made by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum.  
    http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/communicable_diseases/en/botulism.htm
    
    Extractions: Communicable Disease What is botulism? Botulism is a serious illness caused by a nerve toxin made by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum . (A toxin is a poison that is released by some bacteria and viruses). There are three types of botulism: food, wound, and infant botulism. Eating food that has the botulism toxin causes food-borne botulism. It often involves improperly processed home canned foods. Botulism in infants under one year of age has been associated with the intake of contaminated honey. Wound botulism occurs when Clostridium botulinum spores contaminate a wound and produce toxin. Can botulism be used as a bioterrorism threat? In the event of a bioterrorism event, people intentionally exposed who breathe in the toxin or eat the toxin in contaminated food or water might develop the illness. No information is available on the effects of breathing in the botulinum toxin but it may be similar to the food-borne illness. How is it spread? A person must eat contaminated food that has not been properly canned, cooked or reheated after the bacteria have produced the toxin.

23. Health Canada - Emergency Preparedness - Botuliism
    Factsheet on the disease.  
    http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/english/epr/botulism.html
    
    Extractions: Post Exercise Report Botulism is a rare disease caused by a toxin produced by the spore-forming bacterium Clostridium botulinum . C. botulinum occurs naturally and can be found in soil, water, animals, contaminated food or agricultural products. The toxin produced by C. botulinum is the most potent toxin known and can affect humans, animals, even fish. There are three kinds of botulism that occur naturally: foodborne, wound and infant botulism. Foodborne - rare, potentially life-threatening, caused by eating food contaminated with botulinum toxin.

24. Avian Botulism Outbreak Could Be Worst Yet
    http://cnn.com/2002/US/Northeast/12/08/avian.botulism.ap/index.html

25. Page Moved - Botulism
    Home Page. From the. Commissioner. Directory. Services. Vital. Records. Info for. Consumers. Info for. Providers. Info for. Researchers. Public Health. Forum. Employment. Events. Search. Help. What's  
    http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/consumer/botulism.htm

26. CNN.com - Refried Beans Recalled For Botulism Risk - Oct. 22, 2002
    http://cnn.com/2002/US/Midwest/10/22/generalmills.recall/index.html
    
    Extractions: CNN Europe CNN Asia Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese On CNN TV Transcripts Headline News CNN International ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-Mail Services CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Story Tools MINNEAPOLIS, Minnesota (CNN) General Mills announced it is recalling a small batch of one variety of refried beans in five states because of possible contamination by the bacteria that causes botulism. In a press release, the company said it will recall 4,080 cans of Old El Paso Traditional Variety Refried Beans in Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Kentucky, and Missouri. General Mills says that batch "has the potential to be contaminated with Clostridium botulinum, the bacteria that can cause botulism." The contamination was detected after routine testing showed the batch in question may not have been heated to a high enough temperature during processing. RECALLED CANS Sold in Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Kentucky, and Missouri.

27. CNN.com - Heinz Canada Recalls Canned Beans Due To Botulism Threat - November 23
    http://cnn.com/2000/WORLD/americas/11/23/bc.canada.beanrecall.ap/index.html

28. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 3, Ch. 28, Gastroenteritis
    caused by selfinjection of illegal drugs. Infant botulism occurs most often in infants 6 mo old in vivo; unlike foodborne botulism, infant botulism is not caused by ingestion  
    http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section3/chapter28/28d.htm
    
    Extractions: This Publication Is Searchable The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Section 3. Gastrointestinal Disorders Chapter 28. Gastroenteritis Topics [General] Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Infection Staphylococcal Food Poisoning ... Drug-Related Gastroenteritis Botulism Neuromuscular poisoning from Clostridium botulinum toxin. Botulism occurs in three forms: foodborne, wound, and infant botulism. Etiology and Pathophysiology The sporulating, anaerobic gram-positive bacillus C. botulinum elaborates seven types of antigenically distinct neurotoxins, four of which affect humanstype A, B, or E toxin or rarely type F toxin. Type A and B toxins are highly poisonous proteins resistant to digestion by GI enzymes. Approximately 50% of foodborne outbreaks in the USA are caused by type A toxin, followed by types B and E. Type A toxin occurs predominantly west of the Mississippi River, type B in the eastern states, and type E in Alaska and the Great Lakes area. In foodborne botulism, toxin produced in contaminated food is eaten; in wound and infant botulism, neurotoxin is elaborated in vivo by C. botulinum

29. WHO: Botulism
    Fact sheet N°270 Revised August 2002. botulism. Overview. Human botulism is a serious but relatively rare disease. The disease  
    http://www.who.int/entity/mediacentre/factsheets/fs270/en/
    
    Extractions: Revised August 2002 Overview Human botulism is a serious but relatively rare disease. The disease is an intoxication caused by extremely potent toxins preformed in foods. The toxins are produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Person to person transmission of botulism does not occur. There are seven recognized types of botulism. Four of these (types A, B, E and rarely F) cause human botulism. Types C, D and E cause illness in mammals, birds and fish. The sporulated form of the bacterium is commonly found in soils, aquatic sediments and fish. The spores are heat-resistant. Under anaerobic conditions, botulinum spores can germinate, and the bacterium grow and produce the toxin. Ingestion of the toxin present in improperly prepared food is dangerous and may be fatal. Botulism is mainly a foodborne intoxication but it can also be transmitted through wound infections or intestinal infection in infants. Symptoms The symptoms are not caused by the organism itself, but by the toxin that the bacterium releases. They usually appear within 12 to 36 hours (within a minimum and maximum range of four hours to eight days) after exposure. Incidence of botulism is low, but the mortality rate is high if treatment is not immediate and proper. The disease can be fatal in 5 to 10% of cases.

30. Clostridium
    Discusses gas gangrene, tetanus, food poisoning, botulism, and pseudomembranous colitis.  
    http://www.geocities.com/SouthBeach/Port/3008/clost.html

31. Toxin Can Treat Cerebral Palsy Trait
    http://cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/11/05/botulism.cerebral.palsy.ap/index.html

32. Botulism Fact Sheet
    Provides a fact sheet for botulism.  
    http://www.vdh.state.va.us/epi/botuf.htm
    
    Extractions: Foodborne botulism is due to eating the toxin. It often involves improperly processed home canned foods. Infant botulism has been associated with eating honey that contains the bacterial spores. Light and dark corn syrups have also been reported to contain the spores, although cases of infant botulism have not been linked to corn syrup. How is botulism spread? Foodborne and infant botulism produce symptoms that affect the nervous system. The symptoms of foodborne botulism include blurred or double vision, dry mouth, and muscle paralysis that may affect breathing. About 15% of persons with foodborne botulism die. Infant botulism has a wide range of symptoms including constipation, listlessness, weakness, difficulty breathing, poor feeding and poor reflexes. About 2% of the cases of infant botulism die. How soon after exposure do symptoms appear?

33. Vm.cfsan.fda.gov/cgi-bin/bbbglos?Botulism
    More results from vm.cfsan.fda.gov THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 3, Ch. 28, Gastroenteritis botulism. Neuromuscular poisoning from Clostridium botulinum toxin. botulism occurs in three forms foodborne, wound, and infant botulism.  
    http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/cgi-bin/bbbglos?Botulism

34. Infant Botulism
    Infant botulism can cause a variety of symptoms, including constipation, poor sucking action, and progressive muscle weakness.  
    http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/botulism.html
    
    Extractions: Infant botulism is caused by Clostridium bacteria that live in soil and dust. These bacteria may also contaminate foods, especially honey. Clostridium bacteria produce a toxin (poison) called botulinum toxin, which blocks the normal messages between muscles and nerves and affects muscles everywhere in the body. The toxin usually affects intestinal muscles first. Infant botulism occurs worldwide, and 98% of cases occur in infants between 1 to 6 months of age. In the United States, most cases of infant botulism cannot be prevented, since the spores of Clostridium bacteria are found in soil everywhere. Duration:

35. Botulism
    botulism is a rare disease that affects nerves and the muscles they control. Read this article for kids to find out how to protect yourself. What Is botulism?  
    http://kidshealth.org/kid/watch/house/botulism.html
    
    Extractions: "Don't eat dirt! It will make you sick!" Did your parent ever yell this to you when you were little? You were probably just another kid wondering what dirt tasted like. But your parent was right. Eating dirt is just one way you can get a really dangerous type of food poisoning called botulism. Botulism (say: ba -che-li-zem) is a rare disease that affects nerves and the muscles they control. Read on to find out how to protect yourself. What Is Botulism? Bacteria called Clostridium botulinum cause botulism. But here's how rare botulism is - on average, there are only about 110 cases reported in the United States every year. Most of these cases involve babies whose immune systems aren't as strong as older kids and adults, so they can't fight off the bacteria. One way babies can get botulism is by eating honey. Parents are warned not to give their babies honey until they are at least 1 year old. A person can get botulism if the bacteria get inside a cut or other injury, but botulism usually occurs after eating improperly cooked or preserved foods. The botulism bacteria release a poison, also called a

36. Osborn Scientific Group - Weapons Of Mass Destruction, Anthrax Test, Ricin Test,
    Developer and manufacturer of rapid anthrax, ricin, botulism toxin, smallpox, plaque and infectious disease tests.  
    http://osborn-scientific.com
    
    Extractions: Credible and Immediate Bioterrorism Threat Detection *New* MSNBC News article stating that Osborn Scientific Group's BADD product line detected both ricin and botulinum toxins in Iraq! Click here for the article. *New* Press release put out by OSG on 04/08/03. Click here to be taken to that article. Osborn Scientific Group specializes in the development, manufacturing, and marketing of the most accurate and cost efficient tests to determine the credibility of a biological threat. Quickly determining credibility is the key to expediting emergency or treatment procedures in the presence of a truly infectious biological threat, and minimizing unnecessary business interruption in the case of a biowarfare threat hoax or false alarm (the vast majority of cases). Osborn Scientific Group holds extensive expertise in the development of rapid diagnostics using immunoassay technology, and leverages that expertise and the following credentials to ensure the highest quality products for our customers: ISO 9001 and EN-46001 certified

37. CDC Botulism | Emergency Preparedness & Response
    Examines botulism used as a biological weapon.  
    http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/botulism/

38. Tetanus And Botulism
    Type G toxin is thought to be plasmid encoded. Pathogenesis of botulism. Foodborne botulism. However, symptomatic CNS involvement is rare. Infant botulism.  
    http://www.bact.wisc.edu/Bact330/lecturetetbot
    
    Extractions: Bacteriology 330 Home Page Left. Stained pus from a mixed anaerobic infection. At least three different clostridia are apparent. Right. Electron micrograph of Clostridium tetani cells. The clostridia are relatively large, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria. All species form endospores and have a strictly fermentative mode of metabolism. Most clostridia will not grow under aerobic conditions and vegetative cells are killed by exposure to O2, but their spores are able to survive long periods of exposure to air. The clostridia are ancient organisms that live in virtually all of the anaerobic habitats of nature where organic compounds are present, including soils, aquatic sediments and the intestinal tracts of animals. Clostridia are able to ferment a wide variety of organic compounds. They produce end products such as butyric acid, acetic acid, butanol and acetone, and large amounts of gas (CO2 and H2) during fermentation of sugars. A variety of foul smelling compounds are formed during the fermentation of amino acids and fatty acids. The clostridia also produce a wide variety of extracellular enzymes to degrade large biological molecules in the environment into fermentable components. Hence, the clostridia play an important role in nature in biodegradation and the carbon cycle. In anaerobic clostridial infections, these enzymes play a role in invasion and pathology. Most of the clostridia are saprophytes but a few are pathogenic for humans. Those that are pathogens have primarily a saprophytic existence in nature and, in a sense, are opportunistic pathogens.

39. Infant Botulism
    Includes causes, foods associated with the disease, symptoms, and prevention.  
    http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/botulism.html
    
    Extractions: Infant botulism is caused by Clostridium bacteria that live in soil and dust. These bacteria may also contaminate foods, especially honey. Clostridium bacteria produce a toxin (poison) called botulinum toxin, which blocks the normal messages between muscles and nerves and affects muscles everywhere in the body. The toxin usually affects intestinal muscles first. Infant botulism occurs worldwide, and 98% of cases occur in infants between 1 to 6 months of age. In the United States, most cases of infant botulism cannot be prevented, since the spores of Clostridium bacteria are found in soil everywhere. Duration:

40. Tetanus And Botulism
    Tetanus and botulism. ©2004 Timothy Paustian, University of WisconsinMadison. This page is no longer available.  
    http://www.bact.wisc.edu/microtextbook/disease/botulism.html
    
    Extractions: Search Send us your comments "); document.writeln(""); document.writeln("","Chapters->"); for (var i=0;i",lNames[i]); // end hiding from non compliant browsers> This page is no longer available. [Previous] [Next] This page was last built with Frontier on a Macintosh on Thu, Jan 15, 2004 at 11:13:15 AM.

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