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Blepharospasm:     more detail

Blepharospasm: Webster's Timeline History, 1869 - 2007 by Icon Group International, 2010-03-10 The Official Patient's Sourcebook on Benign Essential Blepharospasm: A Revised and Updated Directory for the Internet Age by Icon Health Publications, 2002-10 Blepharospasm - A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References by ICON Health Publications, 2004-09-03 Treating the Psychological Consequences of Blepharospasm with Relaxation and Hypnosis by Elizabeth Evans, 1991 The Official Patient's Sourcebook on Blepharospasm: A Directory for the Internet Age by Icon Health Publications, 2005-01-30 Blepharospasm: An entry from Thomson Gale's <i>Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders</i> by Richard Robinson, 2005 Blepharospasm And Related Disorders: A Historical Review Of Etiology And Treatment (Advances In Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Volume 4) The Neurotic Constitution: Outlines of a Comparative Individualistic Psychology and Psychotherapy, by Alfred Adler, 1930 BLEPHAROSPASM Volume 4 in the series ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY by Stephen L and Byron C Smith (Editors) BOSNIAK, 1985-01-01 Case of Intense and Long-Continued Photophobia and Blepharospasm, Relieved by the Inhalation of Chloroform. by William MacKenzie, 1857 Blepharospasm & Related Disorders by Stephen L Bosniak, 1985 Blepharospasm: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, And Annotated Research Guide To Internet References by Icon Health Publications, 1980 Blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia syndrome (Brueghel's syndrome). A variant of adult-onset torsion dystonia? by C. D Marsden, 1976

lists with details

61. Allergan :: At A Glance
    What is blepharospasm? blepharospasm is a localised movement disorder (focal dystonia) that affects the muscles that control eyelid movement.  
    http://www.allergan.co.uk/site/treat/treat.asp?id=blepharospasm&largeText=

62. Blepharospasm - An Lnterim Definition
    blepharospasm An lnterim Definition. There were 165 people with blepharospasm in the ESD with 5 people with blepharospasm as well as other forms of dystonia.  
    http://www.dystonia.co.uk/blepharospasm.htm
    
    Extractions: Action for Dystonia, A .D.D.E.R Patron: Sir Tom Cowie Supported by: Denise Robertson Dr Miriam Stoppard Charity Registration No: 1077578 The Epidemiological Survey of Dystonia (ESD) Blepharospasm - An lnterim Definition This paper is designed as an assistance to people in defining what Blepharospasm is, how it can affect people and help to determine how it may be treated. The information is taken from the Epidemiological Survey of Dystonia (ESD), which was completed after six full years of research from 6th May 1993 to 5th May 1999 with 937 people registered in the North East of England. There are currently 1,600 people registered in the ESD. There were 165 people with Blepharospasm in the ESD with 5 people with Blepharospasm as well as other forms of dystonia. This represents 17.6% of the entire dystonic population in the survey. These were divided between 66 patients at Hunters Moor Hospital in Newcastle, 47 from Sunderland Eye Infirmary and 33 North Riding Infirmary patients with 19 others not registered at these three main hospitals in the region. Darlington is a typical North Eastern town with approximately 100,000 population. Therefore, using Darlington as a testing ground for the research, it has currently the highest concentration of dystonia anywhere in the world, with currently 48.14 people per 100,000 people with dystonia. There were 12 cases of Blepharospasm in the Postal Codes DL1, DL2 and DL3, thus making an average 11. 9 cases per 100,000 people in the town.

63. Conditions For Blepharospasm
    Table of Contents Conditions by symptom blepharospasm. Conditions for blepharospasm. Parkinson s Disease.  
    http://www.healthandage.com/html/res/com/ConsLookups/Symptoms/blepharospasm.html

64. ¾È°Ë°æ·ÃÁõ (Blepharospasm)
    The summary for this Korean page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set.  
    http://www.medcity.com/jilbyung/blepharospasm.htm
    
    Extractions: medcity ¼îÇθô Home ¾È°Ë°æ·Áõ (Blepharospasm) ¾È°Ë°æ·Áõ (Blepharospasm) ¾È°Ë°æ·Áõ ¾È°Ë°æ·ÁõÀº ¾È¸é±ÙÀ°/½Å°æ °ú¿îµ¿Áõ»óÀÇ ÇÑ°¡Áö·Î ÀÌ °ú¿îµ¿Áõ»ó¿¡´Â 1Â÷¼º ¾È°Ë°æ·Áõ, 2Â÷¼º ¾È°Ë°æ·Áõ, Æíø ¾È¸é±ÙÀ°¿¬à, ¾È¸é±ÙÀ°¸¶ºñÀÇ È¸º¹±â¿¡ »ý±â´Â ¾È¸é±ÙÀ° ¿¬µ¿Áõ(facial synkinesis), ±×¸®°í ¼¶À¯¼º ±Ù°£´ë°æ·(myokimia)µîÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 1. ¾È°Ë°æ·Áõ (Blepharospasm) ÀÌ ÁúȯÀº ¾çÂÊ ´«ÀÌ °©Àڱ⠰æ·ÀûÀ¸·Î °¨±â´Â Áõ»óÀ» ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇÑÂÊ ¾ó±¼°ú ´«¿¡¸¸ »ý±â´Â ¾È¸é½Å°æ¸¶ºñ¶§¿Í´Â ´Ù¸£¸ç, ¾ó±¼ ¾Æ·§ºÎºÐÀÇ ½Å°æµµ Á¤»óÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÏ»ó»ýÈ°¿¡ ÁöÀåÀ» ¹ÞÀ» Á¤µµ·Î Áõ»óÀÌ ½ÉÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ´«À» °¨±â°ÔÇÏ´Â ±ÙÀ° (¾ÈÀ±±Ù)ÀÇ ÀϺκÐÀ» Á¦°ÅÇس»´Â ¼ö¼ú¿ä¹ýÀ» °í·ÁÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Ö±Ù¿¡´Â º¸Åø¸®´½µ¶¼Ò(Botulinum toxin)À̶ó´Â°ÍÀ» ÁÖ»çÇÏ¿© °æ·À» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â ´« ÁÖÀ§ ±ÙÀ°À» ÇѽÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¶ºñ½Å°´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ °³¹ßµÇ¾î, ÁÁÀº È¿°ú¸¦ º¸¿´´Ù´Â ÀÕ´ÞÀº º¸°í°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ µé¾î¿À°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 2. Æíø ¾È¸é±ÙÀ° ¿¬à (Hemifacial spasm) ÀÌ ÁúȯÀº ¾ÈÀ±±Ù ¹× ±âŸ ¾ó±¼¿¡ ºÐÆ÷µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ¾È¸é±ºÀ°À» Áö¹èÇÏ´Â ¾È¸é½Å°æÀÇ °úµµÇÑ ÀÚ±ØÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¹ß»ý ÇÏ´Â ÁúȯÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿øÀÎÀ¸·Î´Â ¿©·¯°¡Áö °¡¼³ÀÌ ¸¹À¸³ª ¾È¸é½Å°æÀÌ ³ú¿¡¼­ ºÐÁöµÇ¾î ³ª¿À´Â ºÎºÐ ÀÌ Ç÷°ü¿¡ ½ÉÇÏ°Ô ´­¸®±â ¶§¹®À¸·Î »ý°¢µÇ¾îÁö°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ³ú Á¾¾ç¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ°ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´ÑÁöÀÇ ¿©ºÎ¸¦ MRIµîÀ¸·Î Á¤È®È÷ °Ë»çÇØ º¸¾Æ¾ßÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 3. ¾È¸é±ÙÀ° ¿¬µ¿Áõ (Facial Synkinesis)

65. Health Library -
    blepharospasm, Benign Essential. Synonyms Disorder Subdivisions General Discussion Resources Synonyms. BEB; blepharospasm; Secondary blepharospasm.  
    http://yalenewhavenhealth.org/library/healthguide/IllnessConditions/topic.asp?hw

66. Blepharospasm
    Submit Your Site to the blepharospasm category. Sponsored blepharospasm Sites. Submit Your Site to the blepharospasm category. Health Spotlight.  
    http://www.iseekhealth.com/blepharospasm-2067.php
    
    Extractions: BEBREF Blepharospasm Pages - Initial symptoms, cause and treatment are discussed, and available publications are listed by the Benign Essential Bleparospasm Research Foundation. Benign Essential Blepharospasm - Information, who to contact, where to go to chat with others and links from Family Village. Benign Essential Blepharospasm Information Page - Information about Benign Essential Blepharospasm from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Includes description, treatment, prognosis and research. Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation, Arizona Support Group - Details of group meetings, physician referrals, emotional support and promotion of public awareness. Blepharoplasty - Health Factsheets from BUPA - Concise fact sheet explaining the causes, symptoms and treatment of this disorder. Available for downloading in Adobe Acrobat.

67. Other Vision Related Resources - Eye Disorders: Blepharospasm
    Eye Disorders blepharospasm BEBREF blepharospasm Pages Initial symptoms, cause and treatment are discussed, and available publications are listed by the  
    http://resources.vision-loss-blindness-resources.org/eye-disorders-blepharospasm

68. Blepharospasm
    Terms of Use. blepharospasm. Definition blepharospasm. blepharospasm. Noun. All rights reserved. Specialty Definitions blepharospasm. Domain, Definitions. Health.  
    http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/english/Bl/Blepharospasm.ht
    
    Extractions: Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Blepharospasm Definition: Blepharospasm . Spasm of the eyelid muscle resulting in closure of the eye. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Specialty Definitions: Blepharospasm Domain Definitions Excessive winking; tonic or clonic spasm of the orbicularis oculi muscle. ( references Source: compiled by the editor from various references ; see credits. Top Specialty definitions using "blepharospasm" Botulinum Toxin Type A references Top Commercial Usage: Blepharospasm Domain Title Source: compiled by the editor from various references ; see credits. Top Non-Fiction Usage: Blepharospasm Subject Topic Quote In hemifacial spasm, the types of complications are similar to those that occur in blepharospasm references For blepharospasm , mild eyelid ptosis is the most common complication (10 to 40 percent of cases). ( references Blepharospasm , the second most common focal dystonia, is the involuntary, forcible closure of the eyelids. ( references Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.

69. Blepharospasm
    blepharospasm. BENIGN means it does not kill and it is not malignant. blepharospasm. - BLEFRO - is a Greek word meaning eyelid , and.  
    http://www.rveeh.vic.gov.au/Blepharospasm.htm
    
    Extractions: Meeting the needs of Victorians for over 130 years BLEPHAROSPASM BENIGN - means it does not kill and it is not malignant. ESSENTIAL - is a medical term which means of unknown cause. BLEPHAROSPASM - BLEFRO - is a Greek word meaning "eyelid", and - SPASM - is involuntary, convulsive contraction of muscles. BEB is a matter of deep concern for many people. The ability to drive, read, watch television, or perform other necessary daily activities becomes increasingly difficult with the disorder, creating much frustration and anxiety for patients and their families. Eventually the spasms may increase in frequency and duration until a patient becomes functionally blind. Benign Essential Blepharospasm is a chronic neurological dysfunction in the control centre of the brain. Involuntary muscle contractions cause the EYELIDS to blink, squint, or close abnormally. As the condition worsens, it may involve spasms of the lower face, mouth, tongue, throat and neck, and sometimes the respiratory system. The cause is unknown.

70. CCHS Clinical Digital Library
    blepharospasm Patient/Family Resources. Miscellaneous blepharospasm Patient/Family Resources National Library of Medicine MEDLINEplus Health Topics Index  
    http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/patientinfo/ophthalmology/eyelid/blepharospasm.htm
    
    Extractions: Patient/Family Resources by Topic: Ophthalmology Blepharospasm Patient/Family Resources Spanish Miscellaneous See also: National Eye Institute: Homepage National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: Homepage MEDLINE plus Medical Encyclopedia: Table of contents Complete Home Medical Guide: Table of contents Spanish MEDLINE plus Medical Encyclopedia: Table of contents Miscellaneous Blepharospasm Patient/Family Resources YAHOO - Health:Diseases and Conditions:Eye Conditions

71. CCHS Clinical Digital Library
    blepharospasm Clinical Resources. Miscellaneous blepharospasm Clinical Resources Health Reviews for Primary Care Providers on the Internet Homepage  
    http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/clinical/ophthalmology/eyelid/blepharospasm.htm
    
    Extractions: Clinical Resources by Topic: Ophthalmology Blepharospasm Clinical Resources Pediatrics Geriatrics Clinical Guidelines Clinical Trials ... Miscellaneous Resources See also: Yanoff: Ophthalmology 2nd Ed.-2004 (MD Consult): Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Section 2 - Eyelids: Access document Other MD Consult Reference Books Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Ophthalmology (eMedicine): Table of contents Blepharospasm, Benign Essential:

72. Blepharospasm Benign Essential,BEB,Blepharospasm,Secondary Blepharospasm
    blepharospasm, Benign Essential also known as BEB blepharospasm Secondary blepharospasm See also Hemifacial Spasm Meige s Syndrome. What is blepharospasm?  
    http://www.icomm.ca/geneinfo/beb.htm
    
    Extractions: Benign Essential Blepharospasm is a rare disorder in which the muscles of the eyelids (orbiculares oculi) do not function properly. There are intermittent and involuntary contractions or spasms of the muscles around the eyes. Although the eyes themselves are unaffected, the patient may eventually become functionally blind because of an inability to open the eyelids. Benign Essential Blepharospasm is a form of dystonia, which is a group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by muscle spasms. (as defined at

73. Brain Foundation - Blepharospasm
    . Stress makes all movement disorders, including blepharospasm, worse. blepharospasm. (Benign Essential blepharospasm).  
    http://www.brainaustralia.org.au/AZ_of_Brain_Disorders/blepharospasm
    
    Extractions: Home About Us The Brain Healthy Brain ... Site Map DHTML_MENU_rel_path = '/squizlib/dhtml_menu/images/'; (Benign Essential Blepharospasm) Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and spasms of the eyelid muscles. It is not life-threatening It is a form of dystonia, a movement disorder in which sustained muscle contractions cause twitching and repetitive movements. BEB begins gradually with occasional eye blinking and/or irritation. Other symptoms may include involuntary winking or squinting of one or both eyes, increasing difficulty in keeping the eyes open, and light sensitivity. Generally, the spasms occur during the day, disappear in sleep, and reappear after waking. As the condition progresses, the spasms may intensify, forcing the eyelids to remain closed for long periods of time, and thereby causing substantial visual disturbance or functional blindness. It is important to note that the blindness is caused solely by the uncontrollable closing of the eyelids and not by a dysfunction of the eyes. Blepharospasm should not be confused with: Ptosis - drooping of the eyelids caused by weakness or paralysis of a levator muscle of the upper eyelid, Blepharitis - an inflammatory condition of the lids due to infection or allergies or Hemifacial spasm - a non-dystonic condition involving various muscles on one side of the face, often including the eyelid, and caused by irritation of the facial nerve.

74. Blepharospasm
    BEBRF blepharospasm Pages blepharospasm is a condition in which there is sustained, forced, involuntary closing of the eyelids. http//www.blepharospasm.org/.  
    http://www.doctorpage.com/findit/Diseases_and_Conditions/Blepharospasm/

75. Ophthalmology Times - Proper Diagnosis Key To Blepharospasm
    Proper Diagnosis Key to blepharospasm Management. Unfortunately, blepharospasm is one of the most commonly missed diagnoses in ophthalmology.  
    http://www.ophthalmologytimes.com/ophthalmologytimes/article/articleDetail.jsp?i

76. Blepharospasm Dystonia Ireland
    blepharospasm. You are here Focal Forms blepharospasm. What is it? blepharospasm eyes. People with blepharospasm have normal vision.  
    http://www.dystonia.ie/page.asp?Page=42&Menu=33

77. Diagnostic Clinic Of Houston - Blepharospasm
    blepharospasm. There is an updated blepharospasm article on Dr. Loftus web site. Dr. Loftus may be starting a treatment trial on blepharospasm shortly.  
    http://www.diagnosticclinic.com/health/blepharospasm.html
    
    Extractions: Blepharospasm There is an updated blepharospasm article on Dr. Loftus' web site. Blepharospasm is a condition where the muscle that closes the eye (orbicularis oculi) contracts uncontrollably. The condition can be severe enough to cause traffic accidents when the patient is suddenly unable to open their eyes to see. The eyes can still be closed voluntarily. The treatment of choice for this condition is botulinum toxin injections of the orbicularis oculi muscles. For the occasional nonresponders to botulinum toxin injection therapy, one can try anticholinergic medications and some benzodiazepenes. Dr. Loftus may be starting a treatment trial on Blepharospasm shortly. If you are willing to travel to Houston for treatment and would like to be notified when we begin the trial, please email our research coordinator Authored by Brian D. Loftus, M.D. Your Health Find a Doctor Make an Appointment ... Questions

78. Device For Treatment Of Blepharospasm - Isis Innovation Licensing Opportunity
    Project Number 1195 Device for Treatment of blepharospasm. Work blepharospasm. Therapeutic Area. Treatment of blepharospasm. Background.  
    http://www.isis-innovation.com/licensing/1195.html
    
    Extractions: Introduction New Technologies Agricultural Chemistry (Industrial) ... Technology Search Work in the Eye Hospital at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford has resulted in the design of a simple device for relieving the symptoms of blepharospasm. Treatment of blepharospasm. Blepharospasm is a form of dystonia affecting the muscles surrounding the eye and causes uncontrolled blinking and closure of the eyelids. Sufferers may be unable to prevent their eyes from clamping shut leaving them effectively blind. Blepharospasm affects more than 4000 individuals in the UK and it is thought that this number may exceed 400,000 worldwide. There is currently no cure for blepharospasm. A number of treatments are available although these are often unsatisfactory and may be invasive or have undesirable side effects. For example, a common treatment involves injecting botulinum toxin into the muscles around the eye which may cause droopy eyelids and double vision and only provides temporary relief. There is clearly a need for a more acceptable treatment. The Oxford Invention

79. Health Report - 19/8/2002: Benign Essential Blepharospasm
    Benign Essential blepharospasm Broadcast Monday 19 August 2002 with Norman Swan. Summary else. So how effective is botox for blepharospasm?  
    http://www.abc.net.au/rn/talks/8.30/helthrpt/stories/s653787.htm
    
    Extractions: Judith Storie: Yes, so I was blinking more and more. Family and friends started to remark on it and then the lids started to spasm, they’d slam shut and I couldn’t get them open for 1, 2 or 3 seconds. So that was quite disabling. I started bumping into doorways and wondering whether I could safely cross the street.

80. Blepharospasm And Facial Spasm
    blepharospasm and Facial Spasm. Dan Boghen, MD, FRCP(C). spasm (hemifacial spasm). GO TO TOP. blepharospasm. Essential blepharospasm is  
    http://www.ophthalmic.hyperguides.com/Tutorials/neuro/facial/tutorial.asp
    
    Extractions: You've spent minutes on Ophthalmic Hyperguide Essential blepharospasm is a chronic disorder characterized by an involuntary clonic (repetitive) or tonic (sustained) bilateral closure of the eyelids. Long believed to be of functional origin, blepharospasm is now considered to be a cranial dystonia. When the involuntary contractions also affect other cranial and cervical muscles, as is the case in the majority of patients, the disorder is known as the Meige syndrome, or craniocervical dystonia. The muscles that may be involved in Meige syndrome include those of the face, mandibular region, pharynx, and larynx. In a case, all or only some of these muscles may be involved. The different muscle groups can also be involved in isolation, as in oromandibular dystonia, spasmodic dysphonia, and cervical dystonia. The prevalence of the syndrome is five to 10 cases per 100,000 people.

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