41. Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters. Subscribe now . vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/943052307.html

Search Articles: search tips Please Take the HealthLink Survey Email this article Print this article Find related articles: By topic: Kidneys By keywords: bladder ureters Reflux Receive Health Link via email! Subscribe now >> Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) Urine normally flows in one direction down from the kidneys, through tubes called ureters, to the bladder. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters. VUR is most commonly diagnosed in infancy and childhood after the patient has a urinary tract infection (UTI). About one-third of children with UTI are found to have VUR. VUR can lead to infection because urine that remains in the child's urinary tract provides a place for bacteria to grow. But sometimes the infection itself is the cause of VUR. There are two types of VUR. Primary VUR occurs when a child is born with an impaired valve where the ureter joins the bladder. This happens if the ureter did not grow long enough during the child's development in the womb. The valve does not close properly, so urine backs up (refluxes) from the bladder to the ureters, and eventually to the kidneys. This type of VUR can get better or disappear as the child gets older. The ureter gets longer as the child grows, which improves the function of the valve. Secondary VUR occurs when there is a blockage anywhere in the urinary system. The blockage may be caused by an infection in the bladder that leads to swelling of the ureter. This also causes a reflux of urine to the kidneys.

42. Vesicoureteral Reflux - DrGreene.com - Caring For The Next Generation Dr. Greene talks about vesicoureteral reflux, including the causes and treatments. vesicoureteral reflux. My 3year-old daughter http://www.drgreene.com/21_598.html

QUICK SEARCH A - Z Guide Allergies Allergy Care Guide Asthma Care Guide Bedwetting Breastfeeding Childhood Obesity Diabetes Care Guide Ear Infections Genetics Immunizations Infectious Diseases Parenting Potty Training Rashes Safety Sleep About DrGreene.com Archives About Us Context Reviews Awards Readers Comments Press Room Partners and Supporters Topic Centers Contact Us Pediatric Information A-Z Guide Allergy Care Guide Asthma Care Guide Diabetes Care Guide Discussion Boards DrGreene´s Chats DrGreene´s Event Schedule FAQ Fast Facts Feature Articles Guidelines Pediatric Updates Special Feature Top Tips Community Activty Guide Advanced Search Community Central Chat Chat Schedule Cute Faces Discussion Boards Family Friendly Recipes Parent-to-Parent Resources The DrGreene Team Newsletter Prenatal Newborn Infants Toddlers Pre-Schoolers School Age Teens / Adolescents Multimedia Library Fertility Children's Health Vesicoureteral Reflux My 3-year-old daughter is taking Bactrim as a prophylactic because her urine backs up into both kidneys when she urinates. They called it "Reflux". I was told that some children outgrow this condition, but if she doesn't surgery is required. We have to wait until she is 6 or 7 to see if this problem can solve itself. In the meantime I'm concerned about the overuse of antibiotics . I would rather have her on antibiotics than go through surgery but I'm also worried about her resistance to other infections . Are there any other options? Can her bladder be strengthened through some sort of exercise?

43. Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux. vesicoureteral reflux has resulted in massively enlarged and thickened ureters and chronic pyelonephritis. http://biomed.brown.edu/Courses/BI279/Lec10/Lec10-B.htm

Vesicoureteral Reflux Vesicoureteral reflux has resulted in massively enlarged and thickened ureters and chronic pyelonephritis. Previous Next Return to Systemic Pathology Page

44. Virtual Children's Hospital: Urology: Pediatric Urology: Vesicoureteral Reflux Urology What is vesicoureteral reflux? Christopher S. Cooper, MD, Pediatric Urologist Peer Review Status Internally Peer Reviewed http://www.vh.org/pediatric/patient/urology/faq/refluxsurgery.html

Urology What is Vesicoureteral Reflux? Christopher S. Cooper, M.D., Pediatric Urologist Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed First Published: January 2000 Last Revised: May 2000 What is reflux? Vesicoureteral reflux describes a condition where the urine goes backwards from the bladder into the tubes ("ureters") that usually bring urine from the kidneys. This occurs when there is an abnormal insertion of the ureter through the bladder wall into the inside of the bladder. Some children with abnormally high pressures in the bladder also have reflux despite a normal insertion of the ureter into the bladder. How do I know if my child has reflux? Many children with reflux will develop a urinary tract infection. As part of the usual evaluation of a child with a urinary tract infection, a special study called a "voiding cystourethrogram" or "VCUG" should be performed. A VCUG is done by placing a catheter in the bladder and filling the bladder with contrast material that can be seen on an X-ray. If the child has reflux the X-ray will show the contrast material move out of the bladder and go up into the ureter (this often happens when the child urinates). About a third of the siblings of a child with reflux will also have reflux. A screening cystogram of siblings is therefore recommended even if they have not had a urinary tract infection. Other children are found to have a dilated kidney on prenatal ultrasound and a VCUG obtained after birth detects reflux. What does reflux do?

45. Virtual Hospital: Radiology Resident Case Of The Week: Vesicoureteral Reflux Radiology Resident Case of the Week November 28, 1996. vesicoureteral reflux. Etiology/Pathophysiology vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) may be primary or secondary. http://www.vh.org/pediatric/provider/radiology/PedRadSecTF/112896/

Radiology Resident Case of the Week: November 28, 1996 Vesicoureteral reflux Jeff Van Beek, M.D. Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed by Simon Kao, M.D. Clinical Sx: Frequent urinary tract infections, flank pain, fever. Mild to moderate reflux usually disappears spontaneously after treatment for urinary tract infection and over a period of years. Only more severe reflux is likely to produce progressive renal damage, almost always before 5 years of age. Etiology/Pathophysiology: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) may be primary or secondary. Primary VUR is most likely the result of maldevelopment of the ureterovesical junction (UVJ). Gaping ureteral orifices with short intramural segment are present. It is both congenital and familial and has a tendency to resolve with increasing age. Secondary causes may be associated with a number of diseases that affect the anatomy of the UVJ. These include: diverticulum at UVJ (Hutch diverticulum), increased intravesical pressure (neurogenic bladder, bladder outlet obstruction from posterior urethral valves), and ureteral duplication anomalies. Pathology: Reflux of infected urine into the renal pelvis and collecting tubules may cause focal or diffuse acute pyelonephritis, the end result of which is a scar. Following significant renal mass reduction by scarring, progressive renal insufficiency may develop. This clinical entity is called refluxing nephropathy.

46. AllRefer Health - Vesicoureteral Reflux (Pictures, Images, Photos, Diagrams, & I You are here AllRefer.com Health Pictures Images vesicoureteral reflux. vesicoureteral reflux. When the ureters enter the http://health.allrefer.com/pictures-images/vesicoureteral-reflux.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Vesicoureteral Reflux When the ureters enter the bladder, they travel through the wall of the bladder for a distance in such a way that they create a tunnel so that a flap-like valve is created inside the bladder. This valve prevents urine from backing-up into the ureters and kidneys. In some children, the valves may be abnormal or the ureters in the bladder may not travel long enough in the bladder wall, which can causevesicoureteral reflux. Vesicoureteral reflux is a condition that allows urine to go back up into the ureters and kidneys causing repeated urinary tract infections. The reflux of urine exposes the ureters and kidney to infection from bacteria and high-pressure, which is generated by the bladder during urination. If left untreated, urinary infections can cause kidney damage and renal scarring with the loss of potential growth of the kidney and high blood pressure later in life. Vesicoureteral reflux is treated with antibiotics, and in severe cases surgically.

47. AllRefer Health - Vesicoureteral Reflux - Reflux Nephropathy Pictures & Images ( vesicoureteral reflux Reflux Nephropathy (Chronic Atrophic Pyelonephritis, Nephropathy - Reflux, Ureteral Reflux, Vesico-Ureteric Reflux) pictures and images http://health.allrefer.com/health/reflux-nephropathy-vesicoureteral-reflux.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Reflux Nephropathy : Vesicoureteral Reflux Reflux Nephropathy Alternate Names : Chronic Atrophic Pyelonephritis, Nephropathy - Reflux, Ureteral Reflux, Vesico-Ureteric Reflux Vesicoureteral Reflux When the ureters enter the bladder, they travel through the wall of the bladder for a distance in such a way that they create a tunnel so that a flap-like valve is created inside the bladder. This valve prevents urine from backing-up into the ureters and kidneys. In some children, the valves may be abnormal or the ureters in the bladder may not travel long enough in the bladder wall, which can causevesicoureteral reflux. Vesicoureteral reflux is a condition that allows urine to go back up into the ureters and kidneys causing repeated urinary tract infections. The reflux of urine exposes the ureters and kidney to infection from bacteria and high-pressure, which is generated by the bladder during urination. If left untreated, urinary infections can cause kidney damage and renal scarring with the loss of potential growth of the kidney and high blood pressure later in life.

48. Beaumont Hospitals - Vesicoureteral Reflux What causes vesicoureteral reflux? What are the symptoms of vesicoureteral reflux? The following are the most common symptoms of vesicoureteral reflux. http://www.beaumonthospitals.com/pls/portal30/cportal30.webpage?l_recent=P01498

49. LookSmart - Directory - Vesicoureteral Reflux Or VUR vesicoureteral reflux or VUR Learn the diagnosis, management, and complications of this disease, or discover the current research. http://search.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317837/us317920/us53948/us54705/us716

@import url(/css/us/style.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); Home IN the directory this category YOU ARE HERE Home Personal Health Vesicoureteral Reflux or VUR - Learn the diagnosis, management, and complications of this disease, or discover the current research. Directory Listings About allRefer Health - Reflux Nephropathy (Vesico-Ureteric Reflux) Backward flow of urine into the kidney causes this condition, aka chronic atrophic pyelonephritis or vesicoureteral reflux. Know its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. BladderCommunity Boston Children's Hospital sponsors an overview of this congenital urological problem. Explains diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up evaluations. Healthtouch - Vesicoureteral Reflux Fact sheet from the National Institute of Health clearly explains what VUR is and its possible complications. NIDDK - Vesicoureteral Reflux National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases discusses the symptoms and treatment of the pediatric urinary condition. Research Abstracts 1997 Summarizes purpose, methods, and conclusions of select research studies. Includes researchers' names and affiliations. Vesicoureteral Reflux - Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine Learn about this condition in which urine flows from the bladder, back up the ureter and back into the kidneys.

50. The Presence And Grade Of Vesicoureteral Reflux Is Not Influenced By The Timing The Presence and Grade of vesicoureteral reflux is Not Influenced by the Timing of the VCUG One Week After Acute Symptomatic UTI. Question. http://www.med.umich.edu/pediatrics/ebm/cats/vur2.htm

University of Michigan Department of Pediatrics Evidence-Based Pediatrics Web Site The Presence and Grade of Vesicoureteral Reflux is Not Influenced by the Timing of the VCUG One Week After Acute Symptomatic UTI Question Does the timing of VCUG significantly affect the results to warrant placing a child with a first symptomatic UTI on prophylactic antibiotics for 4-6 weeks until vesicoureteral reflux can be ruled out? Clinical Bottom Lines There are no human studies to support the teaching that urine infection with inflammation surrounding the vesicoureteric junction will cause transient vesicoureteral reflux, or increase the severity of the baseline vesicoureteral reflux; and, therefore, it has not been established that performing the VCUG 4-6 weeks after first symptomatic UTI will prevent false positives necessitating long term uroprophylaxis. In pediatric patients grouped according to the timing of the VCUG's, there was no evidence of an association between the timing of the VCUG after urinary tract infection and vesicoureteral reflux (chi squared = 0.58, p = 0.5: odds ratio 0.93, 95% confidence interval 0.76 to 1.12). There was found only to be a weak association between timing of the VCUG and grade of vesicoureteral reflux (p = 0.04) due to two cases of grade III-V vesicoureteral reflux in children who had the VCUG performed within the first week after diagnosis.

51. Vesicoureteral Reflux Medical Definition Of Vesicoureteral Reflux In The Medical Definition of vesicoureteral reflux in the Medical Dictionary and Thesaurus. Provides search by definition of vesicoureteral reflux. http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/vesicoureteral reflux

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia vesicoureteral reflux Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Pronunciation: (VESS-ih-koh-yoo-REE-ter-ul) An abnormal condition in which urine backs up into the ureters, and occasionally into the kidneys, raising the risk of infection. Some words with "vesicoureteral reflux" in the definition: Esophageal Reflux Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) GERD Heartburn ... Regurgitation Previous Medical Dictionary Browser Next Vagus Nerve Valve Varices ... Watermelon Stomach Full Dictionary Browser Veselin Topalov (enc.) Vesey vesica Vesica piscis Vesica piscis (enc.) vesical Vesical tenesmus vesical vein Vesicant ... Vesicant (enc.) Vesicaria vesicate vesication vesicatory ... Vesicle (enc.) Vesicle pisces (enc.) Vesico- vesicopapule Vesicoprostatic Vesicouterine ... Vesiculae seminales (enc.) vesicular Vesicular column Vesicular emphysema Vesicular murmur ... Vesicular stomatitis virus (enc.) Vesicularia Vesiculata vesiculate vesiculation ... Vesikko (enc.) Vesna Pisarovic (enc.) For surfers: Instant word lookup for your browser Help For webmasters: Linking to the Dictionary Dictionary lookup box Script word lookup Partner with us ... Farlex, Inc.

52. Urology - Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux What is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)? vesicoureteral reflux occurs What causes vesicoureteral reflux? There are many http://www.mercyhealthnwa.smhs.com/healthinfo/adult/urology/vesicour.asp

Search Health Information Adult Health Urology Vesicoureteral Reflux What is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)? Vesicoureteral reflux occurs when urine in th e bladder flows back into the ureters and often back into the kidneys. The bladder is the hollow, muscular organ that stores urine before urination occurs. The bladder has three small openings: two connect the ureters where urine is drained down from the kidneys, and one connects the bladder to the urethra where urine exits the body. The ureters are funnel-shaped tubes that carry urine from the kidneys. Ureters enter the bladder at a diagonal angle and have a special one-way valve system that normally prevents urine from flowing back up the ureters in the direction of the kidneys. When a child has vesicoureteral reflux, as this condition is most frequently diagnosed in infancy and childhood, the mechanism that prevents the back-flow of urine does not work, allowing urine to flow in both directions. A child who has vesicoureteral reflux is at risk for developing recurrent kidney infections, which, over time, can cause damage and scarring to the kidneys.

53. Vesicoureteral Reflux PEDIATRIC UROLOGY vesicoureteral reflux. Back to Urology Home, vesicoureteral reflux. How does the Normal Urinary System Work? Urine http://www.urology.medsch.ucla.edu/ped-vesicoureteral_reflux.htm

PEDIATRIC UROLOGY VESICOURETERAL REFLUX Clark Morrison Children's Ctr spina bifida bed wetting/incontinence vesicoureteral reflux ... x-ray studies Vesicoureteral Reflux How does the Normal Urinary System Work? Urine is "waste fluid" excreted by the kidneys. Urine passes from the kidneys, down the ureters and into the urinary bladder. The bladder is an elastic muscle that acts as a storage tank. As the bladder fills, its wall relaxes to hold more urine, and the control ( sphincter ) muscle remains tight to prevent leakage of urine. Once in the bladder, the urine is stopped from going back into the ureters by the valve where the ureters and bladder meet. When the bladder gets full, it sends this "full message" to the brain. The brain decides when urination should start and the bladder "contracts" while the control (sphincter) muscle relaxes to allow the bladder to squeeze all the urine out. What is Vesicoureteral Reflux?

54. Disease Directory : Urological Disorders : Vesicoureteral Reflux Diseases Urological Disorders vesicoureteral reflux. Aetna vesicoureteral reflux Treatment by Endoscopic Injection of vesicoureteral reflux. http://www.diseasedirectory.net/Urological_Disorders/Vesicoureteral_Reflux/defau

Wednesday, June 02, 2004 Urological Disorders Congenital Anomalies Cystocele End-Stage Renal Disease ... Urological Disorders : Vesicoureteral Reflux Aetna: Vesicoureteral Reflux Treatment by Endoscopic Injection of ... - Clinical Policy Bulletins. Number: 0534 Subject: Vesicoureteral Reflux Treatment by Endoscopic Injection of Teflon. Vesicoureteral reflux. Pediatr Clin North Am. AllRefer Health - Vesicoureteral Reflux (Pictures, Images, Photos ... Asymptomatic Proteinuria - Looks at what this disorder is, the causes, the protein, further investigation, treatment and where to get more information. Children's Hospital in Iowa - A description of vesicoureteral reflux along with information such as how to tell if your child has this, what it does, if surgery is necessary and the types. Children's Hospital, Boston: Patient Care - Information on the diagnosis and treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children provided by the Department of Urology. Digital Urology Journal: - An article about vesicoureteral reflux, what it is, the diagnosis, possible treatments and follow up. - Google, Directory Help Search only in Vesicoureteral Reflux Search the Web. Vesicoureteral Reflux

55. Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Genitourinary Kidney Disorders. vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) What is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)? What causes vesicoureteral reflux? http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/urology/vur.html

Urology Urologists Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) What is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)? Vesicoureteral reflux occurs when urine that dwells in the bladder flows back into the ureters and often back into the kidneys. The bladder is the hollow, muscular organ that stores urine before urination occurs. The bladder has three small openings: two connect the ureters where urine is drained down from the kidneys, and one connects the bladder to the urethra where urine exits the body. The ureters are funnel-shaped tubes that carry urine from the kidneys. Ureters enter the bladder at a diagonal angle and have a special one-way valve system that normally prevents urine from flowing back up the ureters in the direction of the kidneys. When a child has vesicoureteral reflux, the mechanism that prevents the back-flow of urine does not work, allowing urine to flow in both directions. A child who has vesicoureteral reflux is at risk for developing recurrent kidney infections, which, over time, can cause damage and scarring to the kidneys. What causes vesicoureteral reflux?

56. Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux. Urine bladder. vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters. http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/1200/1202.asp?index=5995&

57. MIR Teaching File Case Rs008 Rating D2, Q3. Diagnosis vesicoureteral reflux. Brief history Full history/Diagnosis is available below. Diagnosis vesicoureteral reflux. Full history http://gamma.wustl.edu/rs008te187.html

58. MIR Teaching File Case Rs009 Brief history Patient with vesicoureteral reflux, evaluate for renal scarring. Images Above left and right posterior pinhole images. http://gamma.wustl.edu/rs009te281.html

59. Vesicoureteral Reflux From Linkspider UK Health Directory vesicoureteral reflux by Linkspider UK, vesicoureteral reflux links and vesicoureteral reflux topics from our Health directory. http://linkspider.co.uk/Health/ConditionsandDiseases/GenitourinaryDisorders/Blad

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60. Urology | Vesicoureteral Reflux vesicoureteral reflux. Print Format. vesicoureteral reflux is twice as common in girls as boys and may be present in one or both ureters. http://www.ucsfhealth.org/childrens/medical_services/urology/vreflux/

University of California, San Francisco About UCSF Quick Links... Admissions Appointments Billing Calendar Clinical Trials Clinics Conditions and Treatments Contact a Patient Contact Us Directions and Maps For Health Professionals Jobs Make A Donation Medical Dictionary Medical Tests News Patient Profiles Specialized Services UCSF Medical Center Volunteer Services Search Medical Services Urology Topics Vesicoureteral Reflux To Visit Us ... Events and Classes Vesicoureteral Reflux Print Format Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a condition in which urine backs up from the bladder into the ureters - the tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder. In severe cases, this congenital condition causes urine to back up into the kidneys. Vesicoureteral reflux is twice as common in girls as boys and may be present in one or both ureters. The condition is caused when the tunnel created by the ureter entering the bladder is not long enough. Consequently, the mechanisms that control urine flow from the ureter into the bladder don't work properly, allowing urine to back up. In about 20 percent of these cases, the condition corrects itself as the child grows and the ureter grows longer. Serious reflux, if left untreated, can result in urinary tract infections that lead to permanent kidney damage and loss of function. In most cases, the child will outgrow the reflux; however, the child needs to be on antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent urinary infection. If using antibiotics to prevent infection doesn't work, surgery may be necessary.

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