41. Valvular Heart Disease MAIN SEARCH INDEX. valvular heart disease. Patients with valvular heart disease have a malfunction of one or more of these valves. http://www.ehendrick.org/healthy/001438.htm

MAIN SEARCH INDEX Valvular heart disease Definition Description Causes and symptoms Diagnosis ... Resources Anatomy of the human heart. The illustration at the bottom right shows how the right and left ventricles contract and relax when blood is pumped through the heart. Definition Valvular heart disease refers to several disorders and diseases of the heart valves, which are the tissue flaps that regulate the flow of blood through the four chambers of the heart. Description The human heart consists of four chamberstwo upper chambers (the atria) and two lower chambers (the ventricles) that are responsible for pumping blood. The heart valves are like one-way doors, which open and close with each beat of the heart, controlling the blood flow from one chamber to the next. Each of these valves is made up of a few thin folds of tissue. When functioning correctly, they keep blood from flowing backwards into a chamber when closed. The four valves function in the following manner: The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle. It is the only valve with two flaps, or cusps. The tricuspid valve is located on the right side of the heart, between the right atrium and right ventricle. It is made up of three cusps, each a different size.

42. Valvular Heart Disease Home Education Fellowships Student Handout valvular heart disease. valvular heart disease The Aortic Valve. The usual AV Area (AVA) is 2.53.5 Cm2. http://www.cts.usc.edu/studenthandout-valvularheartdisease.html

Home Student Handout Cardiothoracic Surgery Service LAC+USC Medical Center Student Handout Student Handout Links Introduction Coronary Artery Disease Valvular Heart Disease Prosthetic Valves ... Cardiac Neoplasms Valvular Heart Disease The Aortic Valve The usual AV Area (AVA) is 2.5-3.5 Cm2. The aortic valve is a trileaflet structure that sits at the junction of the left ventricular outflow tract and the beginning of the aorta. The coronary ostia may be found one to two centimeters above the annulus to both the right and left. The valve has a common corridor of tissue with the mitral valve and the conduction system is located near the junction of the right and non-coronary leaflets. The usual pathology of the valve is either calcification with functional and structural stenosis or destruction of the leaflets with resultant insufficiency. Aortic Stenosis (AS): The most frequent etiology for aortic valve stenosis is senile calcific stenosis, second is calcification of a congenital (bicuspid) valve , the third most frequent is rheumatic heart disease. The incidence of rheumatic disease has decreased in the last few decades but it is still prevalent. The pathology is that of CONCENTRIC LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTOPHY.

43. NEJM -- Valvular Heart Disease In Pregnancy Clinical Practice from The New England Journal of Medicine valvular heart disease in Pregnancy. Consequences of valvular heart disease during Pregnancy. http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/1/52

HOME SEARCH CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... HELP Please sign in for full text and personal services Previous Volume 349:52-59 July 3, 2003 Number 1 Next Valvular Heart Disease in Pregnancy Sharon C. Reimold, M.D., and John D. Rutherford, M.B., Ch.B. Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings. Full Text PDF PDA Full Text CME Exam ... Chapters at Harrison's This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the authors' clinical recommendations. A 29-year-old woman with a history of mitral stenosis who has a St. Jude Medical mitral-valve prosthesis presents for evaluation before attempting to conceive. She is concerned about the risks that pregnancy will confer on her and her child. How should she be evaluated and followed? The Clinical Problem Valvular heart disease in young women is most commonly due to rheumatic heart disease, congenital abnormalities

44. NEJM -- Valvular Heart Disease Review Article from The New England Journal of Medicine valvular heart disease. valvular heart disease. Blase A. Carabello, MD, and Fred A. Crawford, MD. http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/1/32

HOME SEARCH CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... HELP Please sign in for full text and personal services Previous Volume 337:32-41 July 3, 1997 Number 1 Next A correction has been published: N Engl J Med 1997;337(7):507 A correction has been published: N Engl J Med 2001;345(22):1652 Valvular Heart Disease Blase A. Carabello, M.D., and Fred A. Crawford, M.D. Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings. Full Text PDF Letters Add to Personal Archive ... Chapters at Harrison's The past 15 years have brought a remarkable improvement in the clinical outcome of patients with valvular heart disease. It is impossible to attribute the change to any single advance in the field. However, it is likely that more effective noninvasive monitoring of ventricular function, improvement in prosthetic valves, advances in valve-reconstruction techniques, and the development of useful guidelines for choosing the proper timing of surgical intervention have all worked in concert to improve prognosis. Moreover, advances in minimally invasive surgical

45. Congenital And Valvular Heart Disease And How They Effect Valvular and Congenital Heart Disease. Congenital and valvular heart disease and diving. CONDITION, DIVING PROBLEM. Aortic stenosis, exercise syncope sudden death. http://www.scuba-doc.com/cngvlvhd.htm

HOME Heart Valvular and Congenital Heart Disease Search this site powered by FreeFind Comprehensive information about diving and undersea medicine for the non-medical diver, the non-diving physician and the specialist. Valvular and Congenital Heart Disease Patients that have valvular or some form of congenital heart disease have an excess strain situation that is particularly susceptible to the effects of increased exercise and blood shifting intoo the heart and lungs due to water immersion. The presence of an abnormality per se is not a contraindication to diving. In the case of intracardiac shunts due to holes in the walls, and in the presence of significant valve narrowing or widening inside the heart, diving is contraindicated. Pathophysiological Principles In considering the pathophysiology of congenital and valvular heart disease one should be aware of the effect of the lesions on the heart muscle. Overload lesions of the heart can be classed as either pressure or volume overload types.

46. Valvular Rheumatic Heart Disease valvular heart disease Rheumatic Heart Disease Artificial Heart Valve Bacterial Endocarditis Congestive Heart Failure Dental Care and http://www.fortunecity.com/roswell/spells/260/valvular.html

web hosting domain names email addresses Rheumatic Heart Disease Valvular Heart Disease Rheumatic Heart Disease Artificial Heart Valve Bacterial Endocarditis Congestive Heart Failure ... Etiology of valvular heart disease Alan G Rose, MD, FRCPath HEART INFORMATION SERVICE Heart Murmurs Heart Valve Transplant HEART-VALVE DISEASE (Valvular Heart Disease) HEART-VALVE DISEASE (Valvular Heart Disease) Heart Valve Replacement ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease New guidelines issued for diagnosing and treating heart valve disease Related Documents for "Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease" Rheumatic Heart Disease How do you get valvular heart disease? How are people with valvular heart disease treated? What is a common risk of a replacement heart valve? VALVULAR HEART DISEASE Valvular Heart Disease VALVULAR HEART DISEASE Valvular Heart Disease Valvular Heart Disease Howard J. Eisen, MD Valvular Heart Disease A. Aortic Stenosis B. Aortic Regurgitation Bacterial Endocarditis ... Mitral Valve Prolapse Treatment for Mitral Regurgitation E. Mitral Regurgitation

47. Entrez PubMed here to read valvular heart disease associated with fenfluraminephentermine. Connolly HM, Crary JL, McGoon MD, Hensrud DD, Edwards BS, Edwards WD, Schaff HV. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstra

48. Entrez PubMed 5. Click here to read Risk for valvular heart disease among users of fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine who underwent echocardiography before use of medication. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstra

49. PetPlace.com - Article: Chronic Valvular Heart Disease Chronic valvular heart disease, by PetPlace Veterinarians. valvular heart disease is a progressive disease that is common in older dogs. http://petplace.netscape.com/articles/artShow.asp?artID=119

50. Heart Disease The Mayo Clinic reported on July 8, 1997 a clinical observation of unusual valvular heart disease in 24 patiënts who had taken the weightloss medications http://www.health.fgov.be/AGP/fr/articles/messages/effets_secondaires/heart-dise

Présentation Législation Professions Manpower ... Diabète Info patient Sang/Organes Heart Disease Valvulvar heart disease associated with commonly rescribed diet pills The Mayo Clinic reported on July 8, 1997 a clinical observation of unusual valvular heart disease in 24 patiënts who had taken the weight-loss medications fenfluramine and phentermine (fen-phen). Last year, doctors wrote a total of 18 million monthly prescriptions for these drugs. "We recommend that patients who are currently taking or considering fen-phen therapy discuss these findings with their physicians, who can help them weigh the benefits and risks of weight reduction therapy", said Dr. Heidi Connolly, Mayo cardiologist and primary author of the paper. "We believe that these cases raise significant concern that this combination of appetite suppressants can have important implications regarding valvular heart disease," she continued,"but more comprehensive study, which we are planning, is needed to make a definitive statement about the association." Physicians identified the patients in this report-all women with an average of 43 years- during routine medical visists. All 24 patients have cardiovascular symptoms or a heart murmur. Subsequent testing showed that one or more heart valves in eacht patient was thickened and blood was regurgitating (or "leaking" backwards), making the heart work harder to pump blood throughout the body. Eight of the women had newly documented pulmonary hypertension, a serious and sometimes fatal disease of the heart and lungs. Five patients needed heart surgery to repair or replace damaged valves. No patients in the report have died to date.

51. WSAVA 2001 - Chronic Valvular Heart Disease In Dogs Chronic valvular heart disease in Dogs. John Bonagura United States. Valvular endocardiosis is a degenerative change of unknown cause http://www.vin.com/VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00033.htm

Chronic Valvular Heart Disease in Dogs John Bonagura United States Clinical Pathophysiology Clinical Findings F ), widening of the QRS complex, or ST segment slurring or coving. Heart rate and rhythm are usually normal until significant cardiomegaly develops. Arrhythmias are common as the disease advances. Sinus tachycardia, atrial premature beats, paroxysmal or sustained atrial or supraventricular tachycardia, AF, and ventricular premature complexes are encountered in individual cases. The clinical laboratory tests in endocardiosis are often reflections of hemodynamic changes or concurrent organ diseases. Extracardiac disorders such as Cushing's disease, renal failure, and the effects of drug therapy (e.g., diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) can modify serum biochemistries. Significant pulmonary edema can lead to arterial hypoxemia (decreased PaO Therapy Alternative Medicine Anesthesia Animal Welfare Behaviour Cardiology Evaluation of Cough in Dogs with Heart Murmurs Clinical Approach to Congestive Heart Failure Chronic Valvular Heart Disease in Dogs Canine Cardiomyopathy ... WSAVA Contact Information WSAVA

52. Aortic Valvular Heart Disease Aortic valvular heart disease. What is it? Problems with heart valves are usually caused in two ways, congenital (you are born with them) or acquired. http://www.hmc.psu.edu/healthinfo/a/aorticvalve.htm

53. Howstuffworks "How Diagnosing Heart Disease Works" But there are a wide range of other diseases of the heart. For example Congestive Heart Failure; valvular heart disease Diseases of the heart valves; http://health.howstuffworks.com/heart-diagnosis.htm

ComputerStuff AutoStuff ElectronicsStuff ScienceStuff ... PeopleStuff Top Subjects Cholesterol Dieting Nicotine Sleep ... Tattoos Sponsored By: Categories Diseases and Conditions Drugs Fitness Health Care ... Browse the Health Library Explore Stuff Lidrock.com Big List of Articles Get the Newsletter Search HSW and the Web Search Google Main Health How Diagnosing Heart Disease Works by Carl Bianco, M.D. Table of Contents Introduction to How the Diagnosis of Heart ... Diagnosis of Heart Disease Chest X-Ray Stress Test Understanding Atheroschlerosis Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. Because it is so common, there is a good chance that heart disease will affect you in some way and you will need to see a doctor about your heart. This article discusses how physicians go about diagnosing heart disease so that you can understand the process. In the next article, How Heart Attacks and Angina Work , we will discuss Atherosclerosis (the cause of Coronary Artery Disease). This leads to the main diseases of the next article - Angina and Heart Attacks. It would be a good idea to read the Article How the Heart Works prior to reading this article for background on the Anatomy and functioning of the heart.

54. Valvular Heart Disease: Health Topics: UI Health Care valvular heart disease. valvular heart disease can affect any of the 4 valves of the heart. Only 4 valves service the heart. Their http://www.uihealthcare.com/topics/cardiovascularhealth/card3488.html

Health Topics Category Index Health Topics for Cardiovascular Health UI Heart Care Cardiovascular Diseases - UI Health Care's digital library Read this month's health-e-newsletter Send comments and questions to staff@uihealthcare.com University of Iowa Valvular Heart Disease Valvular heart disease can affect any of the 4 valves of the heart. Only 4 valves service the heart. Their job is to allow the blood to flow through the heart in only one direction. To work properly, each valve must open and close completely at the right time. The heart valves can develop problems or disease for many reasons. Sometimes the valves are not normal at birth. Rheumatic fever can cause valve disease. Bacteria can infect the heart valves. Injured valves make a sound as the blood passes through them. The sound is called a murmur and is best heard through a stethoscope. Not all murmurs mean that there is a valve problem. A stenotic valve is stiff and cannot open well because it has narrowed. This makes it harder for blood to pass through it. It also may allow blood to leak backward through it. Treatment depends on how well the valve functions. A valve that does not close completely, so that blood goes backwards, is referred to as "insufficient" or "incompetent." This makes the heart work harder by causing it to pump some of the same blood twice. When this happens, the heart, and one or more of its four chambers, get bigger. Not all valve problems cause problems for the patient. Many people live a normal life with a small amount of valve disease.

55. Valvular  Heart Disease Aortic regurgitation. Aetiology. rheumatic heart disease. infective endocarditis. Therefore the combination of ischaemic heart disease and AR problematic. http://www.aic.cuhk.edu.hk/web8/valvular_heart_disease.htm

Aortic regurgitation Aortic stenosis Mitral regurgitation Mitral stenosis Aortic regurgitation Aetiology rheumatic heart disease infective endocarditis trauma: surgical or blunt chest trauma bicuspid aortic valve VSD dilatation of aortic ring: syphilis, seronegative arthritides eg ankylosing spondylitis, Marfan’s, aortic dissection Coexisting aortic stenosis essentially limits possible aetiologies to congenital and rheumatic. Aortic valve disease without mitral valve disease less likely to be rheumatic Haemodynamics avoid bradycardia and increased SVR as both increase regurgitant flow and may precipitate cardiac failure tachycardia and low aortic diastolic pressure result in decreased coronary blood flow. Therefore the combination of ischaemic heart disease and AR problematic impaired contractility with chronic volume overload and increased sensitivity to myocardial depressants in severe cases relative inability to increase cardiac output resulting intolerance of sepsis, arrythmias Symptoms tend to occur late dyspnoea on exertion due to decreased forward flow orthopnoea, PND due to LVF

56. WebHealthCentre.com - Cardiac Corner valvular heart disease. What is valvular heart disease? valvular heart disease is any dysfunction or abnormality of one or more of the heart s four valves. http://www.webhealthcentre.com/general/valvular.asp

Home About Us Feedback Help Cardiac Corner Your Heart Congenital Heart Diseases Septal defects Patent Ductus Arteriosus ... American Heart Month Valvular Heart Disease What is valvular heart disease? What causes valve problems? What are the symptoms of valve diseases? Treatment What is valvular heart disease? Valvular heart disease is any dysfunction or abnormality of one or more of the heart's four valves. The four valves of the heart are: The Tricuspid Valve The tricuspid valve is a flap that lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle. When it opens it allows the impure (de-oxygenated) blood collected in the right atrium to flow into the right ventricle. When the right ventricle contracts it closes and prevents blood from flowing back into the right atrium. Pulmonary Valve The de-oxygenated blood sent out of the right atrium flows into the right ventricle. When the ventricle contracts, the pulmonary valve opens and lets the blood flow out of the heart into the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery takes it to the lungs for purification (oxygenation). The Pulmonary valve closes as the ventricles relax, preventing de oxygenated blood from returning to the heart. Mitral Valve The mitral valve is a flap that lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle. The pulmonary vein brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. The mitral valve opens to allow this blood to flowing into the left ventricle. It closes as the left ventricle contracts, preventing blood from flow back into the left atrium; thereby, forcing it to exit through the aortic valve into the aorta.

57. Duke Heart Center - Valvular Heart Disease Program valvular heart disease The Duke approach With the development of our valvular heart disease Program, Duke has become a national center for patient referrals. http://heartcenter.mc.duke.edu/heartcenter.nsf/webpages/ValvularHeartDiseaseProg

Ischemic Heart Program Valvular Heart Disease Program Peripheral Vascular Program Arrhythmia Services ... Patient Support Program Valvular Heart Disease The condition: The heart contains four valves that open and close to allow the blood to flow in only one direction. If these valves become diseased, blood may not be able to flow forward through the heart, or it may leak backwards. This condition becomes more prevalent with advanced age. The Duke approach: With the development of our Valvular Heart Disease Program , Duke has become a national center for patient referrals. In addition to the latest medical therapies for heart failure associated with valve disease, Duke Heart Center physicians employ the latest tools and techniques for diagnosis and repair of diseased valves. Non-surgical interventions for valvular heart disease at Duke Heart Center include balloon valvuloplasty, in which a balloon stretches open a diseased aortic, mitral, or pulmonic valve that has been narrowed or constricted by disease. Valve surgery at Duke Heart Center incorporates the latest techniques for repair of diseased valves. Duke cardiovascular surgeons use state-of-the-art ultrasound techniques to assess heart and valve function during open heart surgery. This information allows surgeons to make adjustments to improve the outcome of the operation while surgery is still under way.

58. Valvular Heart Disease - New Treatments, March 2, 2004 Advances in the Evaluation and Treatment of valvular heart disease, March 2, 2004. Click here to view next page of this article. valvular heart disease. http://www.medical-library.org/journals2a/valvular_heart_disease.htm

Click here to view next page of this article Valvular heart disease Rheumatic heart disease is the leading cause of mitral stenosis in developed countries. Its incidence has declined sharply wherever standards of living have improved and where penicillin is routinely used during episodes of pharyngitis due to group A streptococcus. Occasional small epidemics still occur in the US. The major manifestations of VHD include both valvular heart disease, murmurs, aortic stenosis, mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation, mitral prolapse, mitral valve prolapse left and right heart failure, left and right ventricular hypertrophy, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, syncope, angina. pulmonary and systemic emboli, and endocarditis. With the exception of infectious etiologies, there are no known medical therapies that arrest the natural progression of the primary valvular stenotic or regurgitant lesions, and severe lesions ultimately require surgical therapy. Afterload reduction for chronic valvular heart disease, murmurs, aortic stenosis, mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation, mitral prolapse, mitral valve prolapse aortic regurgitation can postpone the need for surgery, without compromising long-term outcome. Recognition of VHD Many patients with milder forms of VHD will be asymptomatic, with only a click or a murmur evident on exam. Most healthy adults do not have "benign" flow murmurs (except during pregnancy and certain systemic illnesses), and a murmur therefore usually represents some degree of valvular pathology. Correct identification of the origin of murmurs is essential, since quality of life and life span are limited in most severe forms of VHD. Murmurs due to organic VHD must be distinguished from functional murmurs caused by LV or RV dilation, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, or from murmurs due to intracardiac shunts and aortic coarctation. Congenital and myxomatous VHD must be identified because of the important risk of endocarditis.

59. Valvular Heart Disease Definition Of Valvular Heart Disease. What Is Valvular He Definition of valvular heart disease in the Dictionary and Thesaurus. valvular heart disease. Word Word. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/valvular heart disease

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia valvular heart disease Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Noun valvular heart disease - heart disease caused by stenosis of the cardiac valves and obstructed blood flow or caused by degeneration and blood regurgitation cardiopathy heart condition heart disease - a disease of the heart aortic stenosis - abnormal narrowing of the aortic valve mitral valve prolapse - cardiopathy resulting from the mitral valve not regulating the flow of blood between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart mitral stenosis mitral valve stenosis - obstruction or narrowing of the mitral valve (as by scarring from rheumatic fever) Legend: Synonyms Related Words Antonyms Some words with "valvular heart disease" in the definition: angina angina pectoris aortic stenosis blackheart ... rheumatic heart disease Previous General Dictionary Browser Next Valve seat Valve stem Valve yoke ... vamp up Full Dictionary Browser valve box Valve chest Valve face Valve gear ... Valve gear (enc.) Valve Inc.

60. VALVULAR HEART DISEASE valvular heart disease. valvular heart disease can affect any of the four valves of the heart. Only four valves service the heart. http://www.utmbhealthcare.org/hil/CARD3488.asp

Home Appointments Ask Nurse Lucy Contact Us ... Site Map VALVULAR HEART DISEASE Valvular heart disease can affect any of the four valves of the heart. Only four valves service the heart. Their job is to allow the blood to flow through the heart in only one direction. To work properly, each valve must open and close completely at the right time. The heart valves can develop problems or disease for many reasons. Sometimes the valves are not normal at birth. Rheumatic fever can cause valve disease. Bacteria can infect the heart valves. Injured valves make a sound as the blood passes through them. The sound is called a murmur and is best heard through a stethoscope. Not all murmurs mean that there is a valve problem. A STENOTIC VALVE is stiff and cannot open well because it has narrowed. This makes it harder for blood to pass through it. It also may allow blood to leak backward through it. Treatment depends on how well the valve functions. A valve that does not close completely, so that blood goes backwards, is referred to as "insufficient" or "incompetent." This makes the heart work harder by causing it to pump some of the same blood twice. When this happens, the heart, and one or more of its four chambers, get bigger. Not all valve problems cause problems for the patient. Many people live a normal life with a small amount of valve disease. TESTS to diagnose valve problems include ultrasound testing, where sound waves are bounced off the heart valves to show how they move during the heart's beating. Another test involves injecting a dye into the bloodstream while x-rays are taken of the heart.

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