41. Nat'l Jewish-Med. Sci. Update-Chronic Urticaria Volume 9, Number 6, June, 1991. Chronic urticaria. by John Oppenheimer, MD, and Charles Kirkpatrick, MD. Table 1. Some common causes of urticaria 2. http://library.nationaljewish.org/MSU/09n6MSU_Chronic_Urticaria.html

A publication of the Office of Professional Education National Jewish Medical and Research Center 1400 Jackson Street Denver, Colorado 80206-2671 Volume 9, Number 6, June, 1991. Chronic urticaria by John Oppenheimer, M.D., and Charles Kirkpatrick, M.D. Table of Contents More than a nuisance Pathogenesis Diagnostic evaluation Treatment ... References The Florida patient not only was chronically ill; he was chronically angry and upset with the health care system. For two years he had endured daily outbreaks of urticaria His life was severely disrupted by his condition, which was poorly responsive to therapy. He had consulted several medical experts, none of whom could identify the underlying cause. Finally, physicians at the Scripps Clinic referred him to the National Jewish Medical and Research Center. Admitted as an inpatient, the man was placed on a fast, subsisting on a non-allergenic protein drink for five days. Within 48 hours, the hives were gone. Further tests pointed to a probable precipitating factor, and subsequent modifications in the patient's diet confirmed what we had suspected: the urticaria had resulted from an allergy to wheat. Uriticaria is classified as chronic when it is recurrent and continues for at least six weeks. Many physicians view it as a relatively minor problem, but if hives persist, they can become physically and psychologically disabling. This condition is rarely a trivial concern for the patient who suffers from it.

42. Hives Or Urticaria Are Skin Disorders Related  To Food Allergy  That Can Be So Skin Center. Hives or urticaria. Hives or urticaria are common allergic reactions. They Acute urticaria is Immediate Hypersensitivity. The http://www.nutramed.com/skin/skinhives.htm

Home Products and Services Medical Information Order Online ... Skin Center Hives or Urticaria From the Book of Skin Skin Rescue Skin Nutritional Rescue Skin Rescue Starter Pack ... Skin Center Alpha Nutrition Hives or urticaria are common allergic reactions. They are itchy, elevated, red blotches of varying size that appear suddenly and disappear mysteriously after hours to days. Hives may be associated with dramatic swelling reactions; swelling of the lips, eyes, and ears can suddenly and grotesquely alter the appearance of an allergy victim. Marked swelling especially of facial tissues is referred to as angioedema and is often associated with urticaria. Swelling of the lips and tongue may occur immediately after eating a food and may be life-threatening because of airway obstruction. Foods and drugs are the common causes of hives. Some patients get hives occasionally only when they ingest a specific food or food additives. Other get hives as a chronic problem which can go-on for years. Most studies of chronic hives suggest a low % of food allergy causes usually because diet revision attempts were inadequate to reveal the hidden food causes. Acute Urticaria is Immediate Hypersensitivity The type I version of urticaria tends to occur in acute discrete attacks and may follow the ingestion of specific foods, over-the counter medications, or prescription drugs. Atopic children with eczema and rhinitis are prone to urticaria from food. Hives are associated with high IgE and occur usually as acute food reactions. Hives also occur as a feature of anaphylactic reactions. The itchy, erythematous welts, typical of acute urticaria can occur in any distribution in the body. Infants may develop facial wheals on contact with food. Adults often have a single bout of hives when they encounter an unusual or seasonal food or take a drug. Hives following a strawberry feed in the summer or after a eating prawns at a sea-food restaurant are typical examples.

43. AAAAI - Patients & Consumers Center: Allergy & Asthma Advocate: Summer 2000 - Wh What is urticaria? Hives, also called urticaria, are raised, red itchy bumps of varying sizes in the shallow layers of the skin. http://www.aaaai.org/patients/advocate/2000/summer/what_is_urticaria.stm

What is urticaria? Patricia Musto, R.N., N.D., F.N.P., and Philip E. Gallagher, M.D., FAAAAI Hives, also called urticaria, are raised, red itchy bumps of varying sizes in the shallow layers of the skin. They are caused by a chemical in the body called histamine which is released from certain cells. Hives are a particularly vexing problem—the intensity of the itch can completely disrupt normal activities. For patients with severe hives, the condition represents a real emergency, even though it is rarely life-threatening. Hives are usually transient, lasting less than a day, although episodes can continue for varying periods. If the hives last for less than six weeks, they are considered acute. Chronic urticaria describes hives that persist for more than six weeks. Sometimes, hives appear and disappear for no identifiable reason. This is called chronic idiopathic urticaria. When hives erupt in the deeper layers of the skin, swelling also occurs. This condition, related to hives, is called angioedema. Swelling that involves the tongue or airway can become a medical emergency. Hives can also be a symptom of other serious medical conditions. Triggers An allergist/immunologist can help a hive sufferer identify the cause of hives by taking a thorough medical history. If a close time relationship can be established between a potential cause of hives and their eruption, then avoiding that trigger may resolve the hives. Unfortunately, this time relationship is rarely obvious.

44. Urticaria - Cold Induced - 02 urticaria Cold induced - Ice Cube Test Result Note the linear urticaria along the running drip , lower right. To see test, Click HERE. http://tray.dermatology.uiowa.edu/Urticar02.htm

Dept. of Dermatology - University of Iowa College of Medicine Urticaria - Cold induced - Ice Cube Test Result Note the linear urticaria along the "running drip", lower right. To see test, Click HERE To read the Patient Information Pamphlet on Urticaria, click HERE Return to Image Index page. Return to Image Index page. Return to Dermatology's Home page. September, 1995

45. PIP: Urticaria - HIves urticaria Hives. AAD Derminfo Net. http//www.aad.org/pamphlets/index.html. Click on the address above to access this site and then urticaria / Hives. http://tray.dermatology.uiowa.edu/PIPs/Urticaria.html

Urticaria - Hives AAD Derm info Net A public service of the American Academy of Dermatology. Return to Patient Information Pamphlet Index This site has moved. The New URL is: http://www.aad.org/pamphlets/index.html Click on the address above to access this site and then Urticaria / Hives

46. Postgraduate Medicine: Acute And Chronic Urticaria Allergy Update. Acute and chronic urticaria. Challenges and considerations for primary care physicians. Pathogenic pathways of urticaria. http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2001/02_01/krishnaswamy.htm

Allergy Update Acute and chronic urticaria Challenges and considerations for primary care physicians Guha Krishnaswamy, MD; George Youngberg, MD VOL 109 / NO 2 / FEBRUARY 2001 / POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE CME learning objectives To understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of urticaria and angioedema To learn how to differentiate urticaria from urticarial vasculitis To review the pharmacologic management options for chronic urticaria and angioedema The authors disclose no financial interests in this article. This page is best viewed with a browser that supports tables. The author dedicates this article to his father, Dr N. Krishnaswamy, MB BS, an immunologist and clinician extraordinaire, who has been a constant source of inspiration. Second in a series of articles on allergy and immunology coordinated by Guha Krishnaswamy, MD, chief, division of allergy and immunology, James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and associate professor, department of medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City. Preview : Urticaria is one of the most common dermatologic problems seen by primary care physicians and often a source of frustration for patient and physician alike. Pinpointing the cause may be challengingor impossiblebecause of the many and varied triggers. Drs Krishnaswamy and Youngberg shed light on this common condition, describing the diagnostic considerations in evaluation of acute and chronic cases and discussing the variety of pharmacologic options available.

47. Postgraduate Medicine: Allergy Symposium: Urticaria urticaria. urticaria is part of a more severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis, in which hypotension or respiratory distress can be present. http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/1996/08_96/sveum.htm

Urticaria The diagnostic challenge of hives Richard J. Sveum, MD VOL 100 / NO 2 / AUGUST 1996 / POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE This is the second of five articles on allergy Preview : Patients who present with hives are often hoping their physician can tell them what caused the condition. In acute cases, that is often possible, but unfortunately, the majority of chronic cases are idiopathic. In this article, Dr Sveum puts the spotlight on urticaria. He stresses the importance of taking a careful medical history and describes treatment options. U rticaria is part of a more severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis, in which hypotension or respiratory distress can be present. When a patient presents with flaring or reddened skin and wheals, prompt evaluation is needed. Once the physician is sure anaphylaxis is not occurring, the next step is to proceed with careful history taking. Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a vascular reaction in the upper dermis, marked by the development of wheals on virtually any area of the body. Acute urticaria is defined as hives that last for less than 6 weeks (1); when the hives last for more than 6 weeks, however, the condition is considered chronic. Chronic urticaria can be particularly frustrating to diagnose and treat, since most cases are idiopathic. Fortunately, the condition can often be controlled with appropriate medical management.

48. Urticaria (hives) American Osteopathic College of Dermatology skin disease database urticaria is the medical name for hives.These are welts; pink swellings that come up on any http://www.aocd.org/skin/dermatologic_diseases/urticaria.html

Urticaria (Hives) Urticaria is the medical name for hives. These are welts; pink swellings that come up on any part of the skin. They itch and each individual hive lasts a few hours before fading away, leaving no trace. New hives appear as old areas fade. They can be pea sized or join to cover broad areas of the body. While the itch can be intense, the skin is usually not scabbed or broken. In some people the hives burn or sting. Hives are very common with 10-20 percent of the population having at least one episode in their lifetime. Hives can sometimes occur in deeper tissues of the eyes, mouth, hands or genitals. These areas mat develop a swelling that is frightening in appearance, but usually goes away in less than 24 hours. This swelling is called angioedema. In many cases, a single attack of hives is due to an infection or virus and these go away within a few days to a few weeks. Some people get repeated attacks that occur as an allergic reaction to a variety of things (foods, most commonly nuts, chocolate, fish, tomatoes, eggs, fresh berries and milk, insect stings, and medications). In this case, they usually break out within a few hours of the exposure. Usually, the patients figure out the cause by themselves, and they never bother coming to a doctor. Certain people can develop recurrent hives from sunlight, cold, pressure, vibration or exercise. These are called the physical urticarias. If hives develop from scratching or firmly rubbing the skin it is called dermatographism. It is the most common of the physical urticarias and it affects about 5 percent of the population. It doesn't always itch. This condition sometimes also occurs along with other forms of hives.

49. Urticaria And Angioedema: A Practical Approach - March 1, 2004 - American Family American Family Physician. urticaria and Angioedema A Practical Approach. BARBARA A. MULLER, MD University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040301/1123.html

Advanced Search Urticaria and Angioedema: A Practical Approach BARBARA A. MULLER, M.D. University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa Urticaria (i.e., pruritic, raised wheals) and angioedema (i.e., deep mucocutaneous swelling) occur in up to 25 percent of the U.S. population. Vasoactive mediators released from mast cells and basophils produce the classic wheal and flare reaction. Diagnosis can be challenging, especially if symptoms are chronic or minimally responsive to therapy. A thorough medical history, physical examination, and methodical investigation are necessary to uncover diagnostic clues. Although serious medical illness can occur concurrently with chronic urticaria, acute urticaria generally is benign and self-limited. The mainstay of therapy for urticaria is avoidance of known triggering agents, judicious use of oral corticosteroids, and treatment with long-acting second-generation antihistamines, H A PDF version of this document is available.

50. Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis And Urticaria - October 15, 2001 - American Family AFP October 15, 2001. Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis and urticaria. ROBERT TABLE 1 Etiologic Mechanisms of urticaria/Anaphylaxis. The http://www.aafp.org/afp/20011015/1367.html

Advanced Search Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis and Urticaria ROBERT G. HOSEY, M.D. University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky PETER J. CAREK, M.D., M.S. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina ALVIN GOO, PHARM.D. Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington A patient information handout on exercise-induced urticaria, written by the authors of this article, is provided on page 1374. A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (6 page(s) / 42.3 KB). More information on using PDF files. E xercise-induced anaphylaxis is a distinct form of physical allergy and, although rare, has been consistently described in the literature since the 1970s. This disorder is classically characterized by a spectrum of symptoms occurring during physical activity that ranges from mild cutaneous signs to severe systemic manifestations such as hypotension, syncope and even death. In susceptible persons, ingestion of certain foods or medications before physical activity may be a predisposing factor for exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Exercise-induced anaphylaxis has been described at all levels of physical exertion and during various athletic activities.

51. Hives (Urticaria) Hives (urticaria) _. http://www.sfsu.edu/~shs/skinclinic/urticaria.htm

Hives (Urticaria) HOME After Hours Care Contact Us General Information ... What's New? Description: About one in five people will experience hives at some time in their lives. Hives are intensely itchy welts that are pink-white and may vary from mosquito-bump size to large plaques many inches across. They can occur anywhere on the body. The swelling is due to leaky blood vessels under the skin. Both immunologic and nonimmunologic factors (see below) can lead to release of histamine and other vaso-active chemicals that destabilize the vessels. Note that hives come and go within twelve to twenty-four hours and often more frequently. A stationary rash that has been present for three to five days is not hives. Rashes that leave persistent marks also do not represent typical hives. Sometimes considered a variant of hives is the sudden appearance of a swollen eye, lip or tongue. The latter is called angioedema and can be life-threatening if it involves the tissues of your airway (tongue, epiglottis, larynx, lungs, etc.). There may be a family history of this disorder. Causes: In many cases an allergen has been ingested.

52. HAPS - Education Information - Urticaria And Angioedema Information Sheets. urticaria and Angioedema. Introduction. urticaria A careful clinical history is therefore paramount. Acute urticaria. Acute http://www.haps.nsw.gov.au/edrsrch/edinfo/urtang.html

Home Information Sheets Information Sheets Urticaria and Angioedema Introduction Urticaria, often called "hives", refers to a skin eruption consisting of raised demarcated intensely itchy papules or weals. While urticaria involves dermal swelling, angioedema is due to oedema in the deeper subcutaneous and submucosal tissues, especially involving the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, head, and neck. Angioedema of the throat may cause respiratory obstruction in severe cases. Urticaria/angioedema has been arbitrarily defined as ‘Acute’ if it lasts less than 6 weeks, with more prolonged cases of relapsing skin swellings being labelled as ‘Chronic’. Up to 50% of cases of urticaria are associated with angioedema, and up to 25% of the population will develop one of these problems during their lifetime. Pathophysiology Tissues involved in urticaria/angioedema reveal dermal or subcutaneous oedema in association with a perivascular infiltrate of T-lymphocytes, macrophages, eosinophils and mast cells which may be sparse and fleeting in acute cases or more extensive in chronic urticaria. The swelling and itch seen in urticaria/angioedema is due to mast cell degranulation. The triggers include a variety of factors (Table 1). However, in up to 50% of cases of acute and chronic urticaria/angioedema, no cause is identified. Some physical urticarias involve structural modification of the IgE molecule by various physical factors, and are IgE-mediated.

53. National Skin Center urticaria. Fig. Fig. 3 Hives are itchy, pinkish, localized swellings of the skin that usually last a few hours before fading. What is urticaria (Hives) ? http://www.nsc.gov.sg/cgi-bin/WB_ContentGen.pl?id=187&gid=33

54. Urticaria urticaria. Dr. CY LEUNG. CHAPTER 6. 1. DEFINITION. urticaria immunological. Different mechanisms may be operating in different types of urticaria. http://www.hkmj.org.hk/skin/urticari.htm

Social Hygiene Handbook - 2nd Edition URTICARIA Dr. C.Y. LEUNG CHAPTER 6 1. DEFINITION Urticaria is characterized by transient itchy pale dermal swellings secondary to the release of histamine and possibly other vasoactive agents from mast cells. 2. AETIOLOGY The release of histamine, and possibly other vasoactive mediators from mast cells leads to a sudden increase in vascular capillary permeability allowing the escape of fluid from the circulation into the tissues. Mast cells may degranulate in response to a number of stimuli including physical, chemical, pharmacological and immunological. Vasodilatation, dermal oedema and a mild perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes and eosinophils are seen in a typical lesion of urticaria. However in a small number of patients repeated biopsies may show a predominance of neutrophils and eosinophils infiltrate and absence of endothelial damage, representing a late phase reaction. This picture would suggest that other cellular elements and mediators may operate in the pathogenesis of urticaria in some cases. 3. CLASSIFICATION OF URTICARIA

55. URTICARIA EeDerm, Conditions urticaria. urticaria. Acute urticaria Chronic urticaria Physical urticaria. Acute urticaria. Patients http://www.swis.net/excg/derm/derm23.htm

EeDerm URTICARIA Acute Urticaria Chronic Urticaria Physical Urticaria Acute Urticaria Patients often know what they are allergic to, eg: fruit or shellfish etc. The reaction is an immediate Type I hypersensitivity. Chronic Urticaria By definition this is urticaria that has persisted for over three months. There is unlikely to be an allergic cause and there is increasing evidence that chronic urticaria is auto-immune. Advise patients to avoid all Aspirin containing drugs, which may aggravate chronic urticaria. There is no need to refer patients with chronic urticaria for allergy testing. Physical Urticaria EG: Dermographism. Many other physical factors may induce urticaria, eg: Cold Heat Pressure Water Cholinergic Solar Vibration Dermographism can easily be demonstrated by firm stroking of the skin with the thumbnail and whealing resulting in five to ten minutes. Treat with non-sedating anti-histamines. Which Patients to Refer? Any case where a physical urticaria is suspected other than dermographism. Otherwise, try various non-sedating anti-histamines and remember it is sometimes worth combining an HI and H2 receptor antagonist (eg: adding Ranitidine 150 mg bd to Triludan, Zirtek, Clarityn or Telfast etc). Index October 1999

56. Bbc.co.uk - Health - The Allergy Guide - Urticaria The Allergy Guide Allergic Conditions. urticaria What are the causes? urticaria is an allergic skin rash sometimes called nettle rash or hives. http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/allergy/conditions_urticaria.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index THURSDAY 3rd June 2004 Text only BBC Homepage Health Home Lifestyle Home ... Conditions QUICK GUIDE A-Z Children's Ailments IN-DEPTH Addictions Allergies Arthritis Asthma ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! The Allergy Guide - Allergic Conditions Urticaria What are the causes? What are the symptoms? What is the treatment? Urticaria is an allergic skin rash sometimes called 'nettle rash' or hives. There are two distinct types: Acute urticaria is often caused by an allergy and can last between several hours and six weeks. Chronic urticaria is diagnosed if the rash persists for six weeks or longer. What are the causes? The most likely to cause acute urticaria are: Allergy to pets, horses, latex or food such as shellfish, nuts, fruit and dairy. Bee or wasp stings. Allergies to medicines such as antibiotics, ACE inhibitors and aspirin. Certain viral infections such as glandular fever and hepatitis B. Blood transfusions and vaccines. The cause of chronic urticaria is much more difficult to identify. It often ends up being diagnosed as chronic idiopathic urticaria - which means the cause is unknown! Certain parasitic infections, blood pressure drugs or stress may trigger it.

57. Chronic (Persistent) Urticaria - Patient UK Chronic urticaria is a condition where an itchy rash persists on and off for six weeks or more. Chronic (Persistent) urticaria. http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc.asp?doc=23068988

58. Acute Urticaria - Patient UK Acute urticaria is a condition where an itchy rash suddenly develops. Acute urticaria. Acute urticaria is a condition where an itchy rash suddenly develops. http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc.asp?doc=23068849

59. ALLSA - Practical Guide To Food Allergy Cold urticaria. If the patient has cold urticaria, the area will become itchy and then swell approximately 2 minutes after removing the ice cube. http://www.allergysa.org/html/coldurticaria.html

Cold Urticaria Written by Dr Harris Steinman Cold urticaria is a disorder characterised by the rapid onset of itchiness, redness and swelling of the skin within minutes after exposure to a cold stimulus. The sensation of burning may be a prominent feature. The swelling is limited to the parts of the body that have been in contact with the stimulus. The symptoms are often worse after the exposed area is warmed. Holding of cold objects can cause swelling of the hand. Eating cold food may result in swelling of the lips, but swelling of the tongue and throat occurs less frequently. Generalised symptoms of flushing, headache, fainting and abdominal pain may occur if large areas are affected. Patients typically experience symptoms while outside on cold, windy or rainy days. Fatalities following swimming have been reported and those affected should be warned that swimming or having a cold bath could be dangerous. Onset: This disease can begin at any age, affects both sexes equally, and affects young adults most commonly. Diagnosis: If the condition is suspected, a simple test (Ice-cube test) can be performed.

60. ALLSA - Urticaria And Angioedema Return to Main Page. Infosheet Available. urticaria and Angioedema. Acute urticaria. Hives are classified according to how long the attacks last. http://www.allergysa.org/urticaria.htm

Urticaria and Angioedema Acute Urticaria Chronic Urticaria Physical Urticaria Treatment Hives are reddish pink swellings or "wheals" that occur in crops on any part of the skin. Each wheal lasts a few hours before fading away, leaving no trace. New hives may continue to develop as old ones fade. They can vary in size from as small as a pencil eraser to as large as a dinner plate and may join together to form larger swellings. Hives are usually very itchy, but may also burn or sting. A natural chemical substance called Histamine is released from cells called "mast cells" which are found in the skin. A number of different things including allergic reactions, chemicals in foods, or medications can cause histamine release. Hives usually disappear within a few days to a few weeks. Occasionally, a person will continue to have hives for many years. When hives form around the eyes or lips, the tissue may swell excessively. The term Angioedema is used to describe this type of swelling. Acute Urticaria Hives are classified according to how long the attacks last. The term "acute urticaria" is used for hives lasting less than six weeks. With this type of hives, the cause can usually be identified and eliminated. The most common cause of hives are certain foods, drugs or infections. Insect bites and certain internal diseases may also be responsible. Other causes can be physical stimuli, including pressure, cold and sunlight.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 3     41-60 of 110    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20