121. Mr. Phil's Life A personal journal, flash movie and a quiz on tuberculosis. http://www.geocities.com/ultimo_master

Click on my picture to enter! Mr. Phil's Life

122. Guidelines For Preventing The Transmission Of Tuberculosis In Canadian Health Ca Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of tuberculosis in Canadian Health Care Facilities and Other Institutional Settings CCDR Vol.22 22S1. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/pphb-dgspsp/publicat/ccdr-rmtc/96vol22/22s1/

Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Tuberculosis in Canadian Health Care Facilities and Other Institutional Settings Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION II. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TB IN CANADA Geographic Differences Risk Groups Drug-Resistant TB HIV and TB Risk of Nosocomial Transmission of TB III. TB TRANSMISSION Risk of Transmission The patient with active infection The environment The susceptibility of the exposed person IV. TB MANAGEMENT PROGRAM General A. Administrative Responsibilities Related to the TB Management Program Surveillance for active TB B. Assessment and Classification of Risk of TB Transmission in the Facility Determining health care facility risk First stage High-risk facility Low-risk facility Second stage High-risk facility Low-risk facility Determining activity risk C. HCW TB Screening and Surveillance Programs Pre-Placement and Baseline Screening Screening to be performed at pre-placement or verification of current TB infection status Rationale for two-step testing: the boosting phenomena Performing a two-step TST Response to individuals w ith positive TST results Ongoing Surveillance Programs for HCWs Determining the frequency of ongoing surveillance programs for HCWs Cluster events or unexpectedly high TST conversion rates

123. OI: Turberculosis -- ÆGIS A comprehensive resource on tuberculosis and HIV infection, from AEGIS. http://www.aegis.com/topics/oi/oi-tb.html

Turberculosis "TB" "MDR-TB" (multi-drug resistant TB) This is part of a series on Opportunistic Infections ("OIs"). Please note that This Page Is Just A Starting Point: who specializes in treating HIV. Finding The Latest Information: Advances in treating opportunistic infections can happen at any time, so the material on this page may be outdated. Some links in the see also section at the bottom of this page are actually special database links. They may contain information published after this page was written. Tuberculosis (TB) is a dangerous often deadly disease. Testing, preventative measures, and aggressive treatment are important. TB is the most common opportunistic infection. Classification Infection with Mycobacterium tuburculosis Description Infection: TB is transmitted when a person with active TB coughs or sneezes, releasing microscopic particles into the air. These particles, also called droplet nuclei, contain live tubercle bacteria, and may result in infection when inhaled by another person. Once infected by TB, most people, remain healthy and develop only latent infection. People with latent infection are neither sick nor infectious. However, they do have the potential to become sick and infectious with active TB. ( GMHC An earli OI: Active TB often occurs early in the course of HIV infection, often months or years before other OIs. In fact, TB may be the first indication that a person is HIV-infected. TB also causes disease outside the lungs of HIV-infected people, particularly in the later stages of AIDS. (

124. Tuberculosis Prevention And Control - Centre For Infectious Disease Prevention A The mission of tuberculosis Prevention and Control is to provide leadership and work in collaboration with our partners to achieve the elimination of http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/pphb-dgspsp/tbpc-latb/

Tuberculosis Prevention and Control What's New Immigration Sub-committee of the Canadian Tuberculosis Committee Tuberculosis: Drug resistance in Canada, 2003 World TB Day Conference - Two diseases, one person: Advocacy and collaboration for TB and HIV Stop Tuberculosis Canada http://www.stoptb.ca/docs/march.2004.agenda.pdf Mission Statement The mission of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control is to provide leadership and to work in collaboration with our partners to reduce the number of new tuberculosis cases in Canada by an average of five percent per year. March 24th is World TB Day World TB day commemorates the discovery of the TB bacillus and serves to remind us that the disease remains an epidemic in much of the world. More... Organization Canadian Tuberculosis Committee (CTC) Membership Terms of reference Publications and Educational Materials Upcoming Events ... Links to Other Organizations Involved in TB Prevention and Control Last Updated: 2004-04-22 Important Notices Contact Us Help Search ... Surveillance

125. NIAID Research On Emerging Infectious Diseases Research on emerging infectious diseases tuberculosis, Hepatitis C, Malaria, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Lyme disease, Influenza, AIDS, and other emerging viral diseases. http://www3.bc.sympatico.ca/me/patientsguide/eidpg.htm

Emerging infectious diseases are commonly defined as those that have newly appeared in a population or have existed but are rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range. Recent examples include HIV/AIDS, Lyme disease and hepatitis C. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) conducts and supports research and scientific training to meet the challenges of emerging diseases. This document provides a brief overview of NIAID¹s emerging disease research programs. Tuberculosis Nearly 2 billion people, one-third of the world¹s population, are infected with the tuberculosis (TB) bacterium. This includes between 10 and 15 million people in the United States. TB is the world¹s leading cause of death from a single infectious organism, killing more adults each year than AIDS and malaria combined. The TB crisis is intensified by the emergence of disease caused by multidrug-resistant organisms. Infections caused by these organisms may result in an incurable form of the disease. The World Health Organization estimates that more than 50 million people worldwide may be infected with drug-resistant strains of TB. NIAID¹s TB research program encompasses studies of the epidemiology and natural history of TB, and basic and applied research to develop new ways to diagnose, treat and prevent TB. An NIAID-funded center at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, coordinates national and international basic and clinical research programs on TB. The center¹s primary goals are to develop new ways to measure the effectiveness of new drugs and to identify the immune responses that protect an individual from TB, information needed to evaluate candidate TB vaccines. Another NIAID-funded facility acquires and screens natural and synthetic compounds in a search for new TB antibiotics. NIAID also supports a number of facilities for the preclinical evaluation of TB drugs in mouse models of the disease and to provide tuberculosis reagents to qualified investigators.

126. Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis MultiDrug Resistant tuberculosis. Peter DO Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis today. Why drug resistance has emerged. Unfortunately the http://www.priory.com/cmol/TBMultid.htm

Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis. Peter D.O. Davies Director of the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Cardiothoracic Centre, Thomas Drive, Liverpool L14 3PE. Received March 1999 Return to Journal Contents Key words Tuberculosis, drug resistance, Isoniazid, Rifampicin, relapse Introduction Before the discovery of specific antibiotics for the treatment of tuberculosis, there was no cure. Mortality of those with pulmonary disease (disease of the lungs) was about 50%. The introduction of anti-tuberculosis drugs in the 1950s and the development of the various drug regimens meant that by the 1980s there was a 98% chance of cure. However, treatment had to be continued with good quality drugs for as long six months to ensure cure. The difficulties in ensuring this occurs, especially in resource poor countries, has resulted in an increasing incidence of tubercle bacteria resistant to the most effective drugs; so called multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. The historical background The end of the sanatorium movement. In the second half of the 19 th century, a new movement for the treatment of tuberculosis came into existence; the sanatoria. These were something of a cross between a hotel and a hospital where tuberculosis patients would come and spend many months or even years. Treatment was a combination of sunlight, diet and gentle exercise. It is doubtful whether the sanatoria improved survival of the patients but may have reduced tuberculosis in the community by removing infectious patients, so reducing transmission.

127. TB Control India An information site providing vital information about the status of the RNTCP, Revised National tuberculosis Programme being implemented in India. http://www.tbcindia.org

Contact us Site Help Search method of calculation TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL - INDIA In terms of population coverage, India now has the second largest DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment, Short course) programme in the world. However, India’s DOTS programme is the fastest expanding programme, and the largest in the world in terms of patients initiated on treatment, placing more than 80,000 patients on treatment every month. This site provides information about tuberculosis and its control in India.

128. Partners In Health (PIH), Health Care For The Poor Works to improve the health of poor communities in conjunction with other organizations. Has projects involving drugs for tuberculosis and HIV. Partner projects are in Haiti, Peru, Mexico, Honduras, and Boston. http://www.pih.org

Who we are Where we work Library In the News ... Donate to PIH Our Mission... Statements from Dr. Paul Farmer and Partners In Health on the current events in Haiti Tracy Kidder's, Mountains Beyond Mountains: The Quest of Dr. Paul Farmer, A Man Who Would Cure the World is now available. Learn more about the book from mountainsbeyondmountains.org Buy Mountains Beyond Mountains: Healing the World: The Quest of Dr. Paul Farmer from Amazon.com. PIH Guide to the Medical Management of Multidrug- Resistant Tuberculosis now available. Events / Calendar Save the date! Partners In Health will hold the 11th Annual Thomas J. White Symposium on October 2nd, 2004. In the News Advocacy for Global AIDS: The Health Action AIDS Campaign co-sponsored by Physicians for Human Rights and Partners In Health held its first Town Meeting on Global AIDS on April 2 in Minneapolis. Participants included Senator Norm Coleman and Dr. Joia Mukherjee, Medical Director of Partners In Health and Fred de Sam Lazaro, a correspondent for PBS's NewsHour with Jim Lehrer. Basing treatment on rights rather than ability to pay: 3 by 5 by Joia S Mukherjee THE LANCET March 2004: PIH Winter Bulletin (283 KB, PDF file) is now available, featuring cover story "Treating Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Russia"

129. Identification And Management Of Tuberculosis - May 1, 2000 - American Academy O AFP May 1, 2000. Identification and Management of tuberculosis. ANTHONY F TABLE 1 Groups at High Risk for tuberculosis. Persons with http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000501/2667.html

Advanced Search Identification and Management of Tuberculosis ANTHONY F. JERANT, M.D., University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, California MICHELLE BANNON, P.A.-C, M.P.H., and STEPHEN RITTENHOUSE, CPT, MC, USA Eisenhower Army Medical Center, Fort Gordon, Georgia A patient information handout on tuberculosis, written by the authors of this article, is provided on page 2681. See editorial on page 2667. D uring the early years of the past century, one of every five persons in the United States developed active tuberculosis. The disease was the leading killer of that time, the "captain of all men of death." After 1953, the incidence of tuberculosis declined by almost 75 percent, to a low of 9.3 cases per 100,000 general population in 1985. Beginning in 1986, an unexpected resurgence of tuberculosis occurred in the United States, with the incidence of the disease rising to 10.5 cases per 100,000 population by 1992. Contributing factors included the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, the immigration of large numbers of persons from countries in which tuberculosis is highly prevalent, the rise of multidrug-resistant mycobacterial organisms and the decline of local tuberculosis control programs. The incidence of tuberculosis in foreign-born persons living in the United States has increased 6 percent since 1992.

130. Tuberculosis - Index- Pulmonology In 1993, WHO (the World Health Organization) declared tuberculosis a global emergency. tuberculosis (TB) is responsible for the deaths of more youths and adults than any other infectious disease. http://www.pulmonologychannel.com/tuberculosis/

Home Search SiteMap Ask the Dr. ... Medical Store advertisement TUBERCULOSIS Overview Pathology Types TB Infection ... Treatments CONDITIONS Anemia ARDS Asthma Bronchitis ... Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Tuberculosis RESOURCES Anatomy Clinical Trials Links MDLocator ... What Is a Pulmonologist? ABOUT US Healthcommunities.com Pressroom Testimonials In 1993, the WHO (World Health Organization) declared tuberculosis a global emergency. Tuberculosis (TB) is responsible for more deaths than any other infectious disease. Once called consumption, TB is a highly contagious, persistent disease characterized by the formation of hard grayish nodules, or tubercles. The disease is most often caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and usually occurs in the lungs (the initial site of infection), but it also can occur in other organs. Because its signs and symptoms are easily confused with those of many other (usually respiratory) diseases, tuberculosis can be difficult to diagnose. Common symptoms are cough that is worse in the morning and may include hemoptysis (i.e., blood in the sputum), chest pain, night sweats, and breathlessness (dyspnea). Ninety percent of those infected with M. tuberculosis

131. The Body: Tuberculosis And HIV Articles on tuberculosis and HIV, at The Body, the complete AIDS and HIV information resource. Home, tuberculosis and HIV, Look Up a Word. http://www.thebody.com/treat/tubercul.html

Tuberculosis and HIV The Basics News Prevention and Diagnosis Treatment ... Research The Basics Tuberculosis (TB) (February 29, 2004) To read PDF, click here From New Mexico AIDS InfoNet The Burden of Disease: HIV, TB, Malaria and Hepatitis (October 2003) The world's most deadly infectious diseases often work in tandem In Treatment Issues , from Gay Men's Health Crisis TB is About People (October 2003) A speech by Winstone Zulu, founding member of the Zambian Network of People Living with HIV In Treatment Issues , from Gay Men's Health Crisis Ask the Expert: Case Study Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (October 2003) Available on The Body Pro (free registration required) In HEPP Report , from HIV Education Prison Project Tuberculosis and HIV Disease (February 2003) To read PDF, click here From Project Inform "TB" the Number One Killer of People With HIV (Winter 2002/2003) In STEP Perspective , from Seattle Treatment Education Project Canada: Tuberculosis Is in Control, Not Us (October 30, 2002) Excerpts from an op-ed column in the Vancouver Sun In The Prevention News Update , from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Treatment of Tuberculosis (PDF) (October 2002) Revised guidelines from the American Thoracic Society, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Infectious Diseases Society of America

132. Home - Find Quality Wireless LAN, Laboratory, And High Power Components Such As The Public Health Research Institute actively combats an alarming epidemic of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Russia's prisons. http://www.russia.phri.org

Microlab/FXR Home Page Passive Components for Wireless Infrastructure, Laboratory and High Power Systems Find specification pages on our Catalog Products in three ways: Standard Product Index A listing by family of general application products including low pass filter, microwave component and more. Wireless Products Products purpose-designed for the Wireless LAN in the 380 - 2700 MHz bands and most available from stock. Military Products Products for military applications Model Number Index A list of products by Microlab/FXR model number. Note: All data sheets require the Adobe Acrobat reader, available here: Download Now New Products Released. Overview of Microlab/FXR: History, Financials and Organization. Local Sales Representatives around the world. Stocking Distributors for wireless products. Application Notes on the use of our products. Product JPEG Photographs on our wireless products Information Requests for prices, delivery, mailing list, etc. Site Map Link now to model number or component category index. (Best viewed with medium fonts and 800 x 600 format) Microlab/FXR, A Wireless Telecom Group Company, 25 Eastmans Road, Parsippany

133. Ontario Ministry Of Health And Long-Term Care - Public Information - Disease : T DISEASES tuberculosis. What is tuberculosis ? tuberculosis is a disease often called TB. It is spread by tiny germs that can float in the air. http://www.health.gov.on.ca/english/public/pub/disease/tuber.html

Public Information Health Care Providers News Media Text Only Version DISEASES : Tuberculosis What is tuberculosis ? Tuberculosis is a disease often called TB. It is spread by tiny germs that can float in the air. The TB germs may spray into the air if a person with TB disease coughs, sings or sneezes. The people nearby can breathe TB germs into their lungs and get TB infection. People who have TB infection (not TB disease) cannot spread TB to others. Most people with TB infection will not get sick; however, some people will get sick and have TB disease. TB disease usually attacks the lungs, but sometimes it attacks the kidneys, brain or spine. People who have TB disease need medical care because they could die. They can also spread TB to other people. TB Infection How do I know if I have TB infection ? A skin test on your arm is the best way to find out. The test is "positive" if a swelling the size of a dime or bigger appears a few days later. This means you probably have TB infection. You will need to see a doctor and have other tests, like a chest X-ray. These tests are to double-check you do not have TB

134. Home NTI, Bangalore WHO Collaborating Centre for tuberculosis Research Training. 1.gif (2009 bytes). Health InterNetwork India tuberculosis Introduction Union Catalogue. http://ntiindia.kar.nic.in/

National Informatics Centre, NITPU, Bangalore. Email : webmaster@kar.nic.in Upcoming Events Digital Library E-documents Forthcoming Events Health InterNetwork India - Tuberculosis : Introduction Union Catalogue Recommendations NEWS Dr. Prahlad Kumar has assumed the charge as Director, NTI, Bangalore resources to the: Annual Report 2001 -2002 NTI Bulletin ( Vol.37/1-4, Mar.01 to Dec.01 ) ... Performance of National Tuberculosis Programme - 2002 Summary Web Site launched on 15th August 2001 Visited 21084 Times Last Updated : Nov. ' 2003 Content owned, maintained and updated by NTI, Bangalore. All queries/comments regarding the content on this site may be sent to ntiindia@blr.vsnl.net.in

135. Tuberculosis IN THIS DISSERTATION, the occurrence of tuberculosis and its causes are studied with special attention to the development in Sweden. http://www.bikupan.se/tuberculosis/tuberc.html

by Bi Puranen SUMMARY Table of contents Aims, sources and area of study The Disposition of the Thesis Results Present and Future Aims, sources and area of study IN THIS DISSERTATION, the occurrence of tuberculosis and its causes are studied with special attention to the development in Sweden. The perspective is a comparative one. Secular trends as well as short-term fluctuations are analysed. A common criticism of analyses based on causes of death is that the diagnoses are not exact, that they changed over a period of time, and that they were based on symptoms (nosology) and not causes (etiology). Pulmonary tuberculosis, however, is a disease that is relatively easy to diagnose in its lethal stages. The genus of the bacillus epidemicus is also stable and the extent of the disease is sufficiently wide to allow statistical analysis. It is possible to distinguish a complex set of factors which each contribute to an explanation of the appearance and course of the disease. Certain of these factors are absolutely necessary preconditions for the outbreak of the disease, for example the presence of the germ itself, while other factors are more conditional. These can be roughly sorted into biological and social determinants. In this dissertation, therefore, the following hypotheses are tested: that the extent of tuberculosis in a given society is governed by immunological processes resulting in an epidemic wave

136. CBC News Includes facts, videos, reports, and links on tuberculosis. http://cbc.ca/news/indepth/background/tb.html

137. Tuberculosis.net Resources for tuberculosis education, including a TB forum, images, FAQs. http://tuberculosis.net/

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138. Institute For Tuberculosis Research The Institute for tuberculosis Research based at the University of Illinois at Chicago specializes in advanced research and new drug discovery and delivery in http://www.uic.edu/pharmacy/research/itr/

To discover and develop new effective, low-cost drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis , the etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB), is responsible for more deaths than any other single bacterial species. The disease must be treated with multiple drugs to prevent the selection of drug resistant strains . Drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB) is usually curable in 6 months if all drugs are taken regularly, however pati ent non-compliance, incorrect prescribing and irregular drug supply can all contribute to treatment failure and the selection for drug-resistant strains . Multiple drug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis has a much lower cure rate due to the lower efficacy and higher toxicity of the second-line drugs used in its treatment.

139. Public Health Reports The journal of the U.S. Public Health Service. Covers issues such as tobacco control, teenage violence, occupational disease and injury, immunization, drug policy, lead screening, Native American health issues, and tuberculosis control. http://www.asph.org/document.cfm?page=713

140. Tuberculosis Research Unit Home Page Home Page. Mon. May 24 2004. Home. History. Goals. Research Components. Epidemiology. Immunology. Microbiology. Clinical Trials. Specimen Repository. Coordinating Center. http://www.cwru.edu/affil/tbru/

Home Page Wed. Jun 02 2004 Home History Goals Research Components Epidemiology Immunology Microbiology Clinical Trials ... Employment Opportunities Search TBRU Site

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