1. Search Directory Page A web page explaining the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome including, but not limited to pain, chest pain, entrapment neuropathies, shoulder pain, neck http://www.tos-syndrome.com/

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2. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome From the Hand Surgery Center of Brooklyn and Staten Island, concise definition, signs, symptoms, and treatment related to thoracic outlet syndrome. http://www.handsurgeon.com/thoracic_outlet.html

of Brooklyn and Staten Island "Failure is not an option" What is the Thoracic Outlet? T he Thoracic Outlet is a space between the rib cage (thorax), and the collar bone (clavicle) through which the main blood vessels and nerves pass from the neck and thorax into the arm. The nerves and blood vessels leave the neck between the two muscles (scalene muscles). What is a syndrome? A syndrome is a set of symptoms and physical findings that point to a certain diagnosis. All the symptoms and physical findings are not always present. Various symptoms and physical findings may be present in different grades of severity. What is Thoracic Outlet Syndrome? T horacic outlet syndrome is a combination of pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, or coldness in the upper extremity caused by pressure on the nerves and/or blood vessels in the thoracic outlet. What Causes Thoracic Outlet Syndrome? T here are several causes of TOS. The common underlying cause of the syndrome is compression of the nerves and arteries of the arm in the Thoracic Outlet. In some cases the cause of compression is evident- an extra first rib or an old fracture of the clavicle, which reduces the space of the outlet. In other cases the cause is not clear. Compression may occur with repetitive activities that require the arms to be held overhead. Symptoms S ymptoms of TOS include pain, numbness and tingling, (pressure on sensory nerves) weakness and fatigue (pressure on motor nerves) or swelling and coldness in the arm and hand (pressure on blood vessels). The symptoms can mimic many other conditions, such as a herniated disk in the neck, carpal tunnel syndrome, and even bursitis of the shoulder. Thus this syndrome can be very difficult to diagnose.

3. NINDS Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Information Page thoracic outlet syndrome information sheet compiled by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). More about thoracic outlet syndrome, http://www.ninds.nih.gov/health_and_medical/disorders/thoracic_doc.htm

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Accessible version Science for the Brain The nation's leading supporter of biomedical research on disorders of the brain and nervous system Browse all disorders Browse all health organizations More about Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Studies with patients Research literature Press releases Search NINDS... (help) Contact us My privacy NINDS is part of the National Institutes of Health NINDS Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Information Page Reviewed 10-11-2002 Get Web page suited for printing Email this to a friend or colleague Table of Contents (click to jump to sections) What is Thoracic Outlet Syndrome? Is there any treatment? What is the prognosis? What research is being done? ... Additional resources from MEDLINEplus What is Thoracic Outlet Syndrome? Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) consists of a group of distinct disorders that affect the nerves in the brachial plexus (nerves that pass into the arms from the neck) and various nerves and blood vessels between the base of the neck and axilla (armpit). For the most part, these disorders have very little in common except the site of occurrence. The disorders are complex, somewhat confusing, and poorly defined, each with various signs and symptoms of the upper limb. True neurologic TOS is the only type with a clear definition that most scientists agree upon. The disorder is rare, typically painless, and caused by congenital anomalies (unusual anatomic features present at birth). It generally occurs in middle-aged women and almost always on one side of the body. Symptoms include weakness and wasting of hand muscles, and numbness in the hand.

4. Physical Therapy Corner: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome thoracic outlet syndrome is actually a collection of syndromes brought about by a definitive diagnosis for thoracic outlet syndrome. Professionals understand the importance http://www.nismat.org/ptcor/thoracic_outlet

Home FAQ New Site Map Search NISMAT: Advanced search... About Philosophy Research ... Guestbook Sports Medicine Corners: Orthopaedics Exercise Physiology Nutrition Physical Therapy ... Links Physical Therapy Corner: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome More than just a pain in the neck. Thoracic outlet syndrome is actually a collection of syndromes brought about by abnormal compression of the neurovascular bundle by bony, ligamentous or muscular obstacles between the cervical spine and the lower border of the axilla. What does that mean? First of all a syndrome is defined as a group of signs and symptoms that collectively characterize or indicate a particular disease or abnormal condition. The neurovascular bundle which can suffer compression consists of the brachial plexus plus the C8 and Tl nerve roots and the subclavian artery and vein. The brachial plexus is the network of motor and sensory nerves which innervate the arm, the hand, and the region of the shoulder girdle. The vascular component of the bundle, the subclavian artery and vein transport blood to and from the arm, the hand, the shoulder girdle and the regions of the neck and head.

5. Osteopathic Principles Key To Treating Patients With Thoracic Outlet Syndromes Discussion of diagnosis of four major syndromes, presented by the American College of Osteopathic Family Physicians. http://www.acofp.org/member_publications/thoracic.htm

Osteopathic Principles Key to Treating Patients with Thoracic Outlet Syndromes Four major syndromes have specific characteristics and diagnostic tests by Elaine Wallace, DO A 28-year-old weight lifter presents to your office for assistance due to a complaint of progressive numbness in the lateral aspects of his forearms accompanied with a recent inability to bench press his usual weight routine. He increased his upper body workout (pectoralis and neck muscles) six weeks ago, but has no other life changes. He has a friend in a similar situation who received great relief after seeing her osteopathic physician and wants to know if you can help him. Where do you begin? There are few syndromes seen by the busy family practitioner that better demonstrate the osteopathic interrelationship of structure and function than does Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS).

6. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome thoracic outlet syndrome Menu. This is a webforum to discuss and comment on thoracic outlet syndrome. Click here to Enter a new Neurology WebForum article Click Here to Read our Forum Disclaimer http://neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu/forum/ThoracicOutletSynd.Menu.html

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Menu This is a webforum to discuss and comment on Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Click here to Enter a new Neurology WebForum article... This Web Forum is not moderated in any sense. Anyone on the Internet can post articles or reply to previously posted articles, and they may do so anonymously. Therefore, the opinions and statements made in all articles and replies do not represent the official opinions of MGH and MGH Neurology. Neither is MGH or MGH Neurology responsible for the content of any articles or replies. No messages are screened for content. Archives: Archives: - Very Important Message! - Please Click Here to Read Current Posts: 11/30/99 to Present Useful Websites can be found and posted here! Consumer Report Article (1/13/00) 9:09 PM need info.morphine pump (1/13/00) 7:28 PM TOS In ME. (1/13/00) 10:58 AM ... WOW IT'S SO CLEAN IN HERE! (11/30/99) 2:40 PM IMPORTANT: If this page seems to be missing recently added documents, click the "Reload Page" button on your Web Browser to update the menu. Return to the main Neurology WebForum Page.

7. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome National Library of Medicine PubMed articles on Cervical Rib Syndrome and thoracic outlet syndrome http://www.ohsu.edu/cliniweb/C10/C10.772.491.915.html

8. Physical Therapy Corner: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome From the Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma, the causes, signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Includes photographs demonstrating some stretching exercises. http://www.nismat.org/ptcor/thoracic_outlet/index.html

Home FAQ New Site Map Search NISMAT: Advanced search... About Philosophy Research ... Guestbook Sports Medicine Corners: Orthopaedics Exercise Physiology Nutrition Physical Therapy ... Links Physical Therapy Corner: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome More than just a pain in the neck. Thoracic outlet syndrome is actually a collection of syndromes brought about by abnormal compression of the neurovascular bundle by bony, ligamentous or muscular obstacles between the cervical spine and the lower border of the axilla. What does that mean? First of all a syndrome is defined as a group of signs and symptoms that collectively characterize or indicate a particular disease or abnormal condition. The neurovascular bundle which can suffer compression consists of the brachial plexus plus the C8 and Tl nerve roots and the subclavian artery and vein. The brachial plexus is the network of motor and sensory nerves which innervate the arm, the hand, and the region of the shoulder girdle. The vascular component of the bundle, the subclavian artery and vein transport blood to and from the arm, the hand, the shoulder girdle and the regions of the neck and head.

9. AAOS Online Service Fact Sheet Thoracic Outlet Syndrome thoracic outlet syndrome. A syndrome is a a diagnosis. That’s certainly the case with thoracic outlet syndrome, or TOS. TOS gets http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/fact/thr_report.cfm?Thread_ID=206&topcategory=Shoulder

10. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome thoracic outlet syndrome. This article submitted by Chris Hoy on 5/2/96. Author's Email choy@mdbusiness.com. I have been diagnosed with thoracic outlet syndrome. I have had extensive PT without much http://neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu/neurowebforum/NeuromuscularArticles/ThoracicOut

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome This article submitted by Chris Hoy on 5/2/96. Author's Email: choy@mdbusiness.com I have been diagnosed with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. I have had extensive PT without much success. I am looking for more general information about the condition,the surgery, post-operational results, residual effects, and possible alternatives. I would appreciate responce from anyone familiar with the condition, or from anyone who has been through the surgery. Thank You, Chris Hoy Next Article Previous Article Return to Topic Menu Here is a list of responses that have been posted to this article... About TOS Drs. in Southeast (2/20/97) 4:46 PM Fractured Clavicle caused TOS. (2/13/97) 10:55 AM Sleepless too with TOS (2/13/97) 8:18 AM CORRECT E-MAIL TO NC TOS (1/22/97) 7:03 PM ... thoraic outlet (6/6/96) 5:29 PM You now have TWO OPTIONS: Post a new Article or post a Response to this Article Click here to post a new Article! If you would like to post a Response to this article, fill out this form completely... Do not use slashes ("/") or colons (":") or other "special" characters in your Article title!

11. EMedicine - Thoracic Outlet Syndrome : Article By Andrew K Chang, MD thoracic outlet syndrome thoracic outlet syndrome refers to compression of the neurovascular structures at the superior aperture of the thorax. http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic578.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Emergency Medicine Cardiovascular Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Last Updated: January 21, 2002 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 9 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Andrew K Chang, MD , Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center Coauthor(s): J Stephen Bohan, MD, FACP, FACEP , Director, Observation Medicine, Clincial Director, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital Andrew K Chang, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine , American Academy of Neurology, American College of Emergency Physicians , and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Editor(s): Richard S Krause, MD , Program Director, Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo; Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD

12. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome thoracic outlet syndrome. DESCRIPTION A constellation of symptoms that affect the head, neck Novak CB, Mackinnon SE. thoracic outlet syndrome. Orthopedic Clinics of NA 1996 http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0909.html

Thoracic outlet syndrome DESCRIPTION: A constellation of symptoms that affect the head, neck, shoulders and upper extremities caused by compression of the neurovascular structures (ie, cords of brachial plexus and subclavian artery and vein) at the thoracic outlet May be due to congenital bony, muscular, or tendon anomalies; post traumatic, following clavicular or cervical spine injures; or idiopathic, without discernible cause System(s) affected: Nervous, Musculoskeletal, Cardiovascular Genetics: N/A Incidence/Prevalence in USA: Unknown Predominant age: Neurologic type (95%) - 20-60 years Venous type (4%) - 20-35 years Arterial type (1%) (atherosclerosis) - young adult or older than 50 Predominant sex: Arterial type - Male = Female CAUSES: Upper thoracic neurovascular bundle compression Cervical rib Taut anomalous scalene muscles Elongated C7 transverse process Poor posture Pancoast's tumor Atherosclerotic plaques within vessels Subclavian muscle Fibrous and ligamentous bands Costocoracoid tendon Callous bone formation from fractured clavicle or first rib Aberrant tissue Neck trauma Synonyms: Scalenus anticus syndrome Cervical rib syndrome Costoclavicular syndrome TOS ICD-9-CM: 353.0 Thoracic outlet syndrome

13. EMedicine - Thoracic Outlet Syndrome : Article By Meghal Antani, MD thoracic outlet syndrome thoracic outlet syndromes are due to the compression of the neurovascular structures passing through the thoracic outlet. http://www.emedicine.com/radio/topic688.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Radiology Vascular/interventional Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Last Updated: August 30, 2002 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: Paget-von Schrötter syndrome, effort thrombosis, spontaneous thrombosis, traumatic thrombosis AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Differentials X-ray ... Bibliography Author: Meghal Antani, MD , Consulting Staff, Department of Interventional Radiology, Washington Hospital Center Coauthor(s): Gary P Siskin, MD , Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, Albany Medical College; Division Chief, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Albany Medical Center Meghal Antani, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Radiology American Heart Association , and Editor(s): Anthony Watkinson, MD , Consultant and Senior Lecturer, Department of Radiology, The Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital;

14. OSH Answers: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome What are the symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome? What are the occupational factors of thoracic outlet syndrome? thoracic outlet syndrome. http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/diseases/thoracic.html

Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Contact Us Help Canada Site Web Info Service ... Shop@CCOHS Thoracic Outlet Syndrome What is thoracic outlet syndrome? What are the occupational factors of thoracic outlet syndrome? What are the symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome? How is thoracic outlet syndrome recognized? ... How can we prevent thoracic outlet syndrome? OSH Answers Feedback Printer Friendly Layout Inquiries Service The Inquiries Service at CCOHS answers questions on the health or safety concerns people have about the work they do. More on Inquiries Service Printer Friendly Layout Thoracic Outlet Syndrome What is thoracic outlet syndrome? Thoracic outlet syndrome is the general term used to describe a condition caused by the compressing of the nerves and blood vessels between the neck and shoulders. What are the occupational factors of thoracic outlet syndrome? There are only a few studies indicating a relationship between manual work and thoracic outlet syndrome. However, work activities involving prolonged restricted postures such as carrying heavy shoulder loads, pulling shoulders back and down, or reaching above shoulder level can cause the inflammation and swelling of tendons and muscles in the shoulders and upper arms. When swollen or inflamed, they can compress the nerves and blood vessels between the neck and shoulders. What are the symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome?

15. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome - Learn More From MedlinePlus Find the latest news stories, overviews, research and more on thoracic outlet syndrome from MedlinePlus, the National Library of Medicine's consumer health site. http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/thoracicoutl

16. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS), Robert G. Schwartz, Greenville, SC This informational link on thoracic outlet syndrome is provided by Robert G. Schwartz and Piedmont Physical Medicine of Greenville, South Carolina written about, in clinical practice the most frequent causes of thoracic outlet syndrome are the first two that can cause symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome. Cervical spine series http://www.wehelpwhathurts.homestead.com/thoracicoutletsyndrome.html

@import url(http://www.homestead.com/~media/elements/Text/font_styles.css); Links: Piedmont Physcial Medicine and Rehabilitation Pain Cure: Diagnostic Testing We Help What Hurts Thermographic Images Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) causes pain, weakness or numb sensations in the neck, arm and hand. Definition: Symptoms and signs of thoracic outlet syndrome are due to the compression or irritation of the neurovascular bundle at the various levels of the cervico-auxillary and thoraco-brachial passages. Depending on the exact site of injury and the injury component of the neurovascular bundle, three distinct syndromes or a combination thereof may be encountered (neurological, arterial and venous). Causes: (1) Anomalous muscle insertion or origin, (2) muscle spasm secondary to cervical spine abnormality (3) cervical ribs (normally there are only thoracic ribs), (4) congenital fibrous bands, (5) tumor, (6) vascular abnormality such as a subclavian artery aneurysm. While all 6 causes are written about, in clinical practice the most frequent causes of thoracic outlet syndrome are the first two. Symptoms: Numbness and tingling of the entire upper extremity or hand.

17. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome thoracic outlet syndrome. Dr. Richard J Sanders, author of the book thoracic outlet syndrome , describes the cause,. diagnosis, and treatment of TOS. Definition. http://www.ecentral.com/members/rsanders/

Thoracic outlet syndrome Dr. Richard J Sanders, author of the book "Thoracic Outlet Syndrome", describes the cause, diagnosis, and treatment of TOS. Definition Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) is pain, numbness, tingling, and/or weakness in the arm and hand due to pressure against the nerves or blood vessels that supply the arm. It is due to tight muscles, ligaments, bands, or bony abnormalities in the thoracic outlet area of the body, which lies just behind the collar bone. Pressure on the nerves is the problem more than 95% of the time, but occasionally the artery or vein is involved. Common Symptoms The most frequent complaints are numbness and tingling in the fingers; pain in the neck, shoulder, and arm; headaches in the back of the head; weakness of the arm and dropping things from the hand; worsening of the symptoms when elevating the arm to do such things as comb or blow dry one's hair or drive a car, and coldness and color changes in the hand. The symptoms are often worse at night or when using the arm for work or other activities. Cause TOS is most often produced by hyperextension neck injuries. Auto accidents that cause whiplash injuries, and repetitive stress in the workplace, are the two most common causes. Some of the occupations that we see causing TOS include, working on assembly lines, keyboards, or 10-key pads, as well as filing or stocking shelves overhead. In some people, symptoms develop spontaneously, without an obvious cause. An extra rib in the neck occurs in less than 1% of the population. People born with this rib, called a cervical rib, are 10 times more likely to develop symptoms of TOS than other people. However, even in people with cervical ribs, it usually requires some type of neck injury to bring on the symptoms.

18. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome thoracic outlet syndrome. Archie R McGowan, MD. Benjamin B Faitelson MD. Presentation. A 27year-old man presented with acute left arm swelling and discomfort which had wakened him from sleep. vein thrombosis represents only 3.5% of cases of thoracic outlet syndrome. Venous thrombosis is seen three times more http://brighamrad.harvard.edu/Cases/bwh/hcache/170/full.html

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Archie R McGowan, MD Benjamin B Faitelson MD Presentation A 27-year-old man presented with acute left arm swelling and discomfort which had wakened him from sleep. Notably, this is a large, muscular man with a recent history of increased upper body exercise, plane travel and chiropractic manipulations of his neck and upper extremity. Imaging Findings Cut film venogram of the left subclavian vein Angioplasty of the left subclavian vein Digital venogram of the right subclavian vein A cut film venogram demonstrates complete occlusion of the patient's left subclavian vein ( arrow ) where it crosses the first rib. Also of importance are the multiple dilated collateral vessels suggesting chronicity. The second image demonstrates an attempt at angioplasty of this compressed and thrombosed vessel ( arrow Digital venography of the contralateral side shows bilaterality of the subclavian vein thrombosis ( arrow ) (although the patient is asymptomatic on the right side). Diagnosis Thoracic outlet syndrome with bilateral subclavian vein thrombosis Discussion Thoracic outlet syndrome is a disease of extrinsic compression of the artery, vein, or nerve at the thoracic outlet. This patient demonstrates subclavian vein thrombosis.

19. MMG - Patient Education Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Orthopedic Patient Education Collection. Medical Multimedia Group provides the most comprehensive collection of orthopaedic patient http://www.medicalmultimediagroup.com/pated/ctd/tos/tos.html

Orthopedic Patient Education Collection Medical Multimedia Group provides the most comprehensive collection of orthopaedic patient education materials available. The eOrthopod® Patient Education Collection contains over 130 professionally written and illustrated web pages covering the most common orthopaedic conditions and procedures. To learn how you can include this collection in your practice web site contact info@medicalmultimediagroup.com or visit www.eorthopod.com For a complete list of topics available click here To visit the eOrthopod® Patient Education Collection., click here MMG Home

20. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome - Arthritis: Health And Medical Information About Arthr MedicineNet Home Diseases Conditions AZ List Arthritis Home thoracic outlet syndrome. Advanced Search. thoracic outlet syndrome. http://www.medicinenet.com/Thoracic_Outlet_Syndrome/article.htm

MedicineNet Home Arthritis Home > Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Advanced Search Printer-Friendly Format Add to Favorites Email to a Friend ... Next page Thoracic Outlet Syndrome What is the thoracic outlet syndrome? What are symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome? How is thoracic outlet syndrome diagnosed? What is the treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome? What is the thoracic outlet syndrome? Thoracic outlet syndrome is a condition whereby symptoms are produced from compression of nerves or blood vessels, or both, because of an inadequate passageway through an area (thoracic outlet) between the base of the neck and the armpit. The thoracic outlet is surrounded by muscle, bone, and other tissues. Any condition which results in enlargement or movement of the tissues of or near the thoracic outlet can cause the thoracic outlet syndrome. These conditions include muscle enlargement, injuries, an extra rib from the neck at birth (cervical rib), and tumors at the top of the lung (rare). Often no specific cause is found. It is felt by some researchers that the evolution of the torso of primates from a four-legged to a two-legged position may predispose humans to the development of thoracic outlet syndrome. The resulting vertical posture produced flattening of the chest cage and a shift of the shoulder joint backwards, both of which narrowed the thoracic outlet.

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