1. Q&A: Phonological Disorders, Functional Speech Disorders, Apraxia, Dysarthria Speech Language Pathology information for families, students and professionals about voice, speech and language problems in children Children's Speech Sound Disorders. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS http://members.tripod.com/Caroline_Bowen/phonol-and-artic.htm

Home Contents Children's Speech Sound Disorders QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Introduction: Phonology / Speech Development Developmental Phonological Disorders Functional Speech Disorders Developmental Apraxia of Speech (Developmental Verbal Dyspraxia) ... Download related information in PDF Format There is more information on this topic on the downloads page. DISCUSSION GROUP Introduction What is speech? Speech is the spoken medium of language. The other two "mediums" or "forms" of language are writing and gestures. Gestures range from simple iconic movements, like pretending to drink, through to complex finger-spelling and sign systems. What is phonology? Phonology is a branch of linguistics. It is concerned with the study of the sound systems of languages. The aims of phonology are to demonstrate the patterns of distinctive sound contrasts in a language, and to explain the ways speech sounds are organised and represented in the mind. The term "phonology" is used clinically as a referent to an individual’s speech sound system - for example, "her phonology" might refer to "her phonological system", or "her phonological development".

2. NICHCY- Info About Speech And Language Disorders General information about Speech and Language Disorders including definition, incidence, characteristics, educational implications, and a list of resources and organizations. is not always the case. speech disorders refer to difficulties producing speech sounds or problems with which is called dysfluency. speech disorders may be problems with the way http://www.kidsource.com/NICHCY/speech.html

Fact Sheet Number 11 (FS11), 2000 advertisement Credits Source National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities Contents Definition of Speech and Language Disorders Incidence Characteristics Educational Implications ... Organizations Forums Learning and Other Disabilities Related Articles Spoken Language Problems Language and the Adolescent KidSource Store Books on Learning Disabilities The Survival Guide for Kids With LD : Learning Differences Negotiating the Special Education Maze : A Guide for Parents and Teachers The Difficult Child Advertisement DEFINITION OF SPEECH AND LANGUAGE DISORDERS Speech and language disorders refer to problems in communication and related areas such as oral motor function. These delays and disorders range from simple sound substitutions to the inability to understand or use language or use the oral-motor mechanism for functional speech and feeding. Some causes of speech and language disorders include hearing loss, neurological disorders, brain injury, mental retardation, drug abuse, physical impairments such as cleft lip or palate, and vocal abuse or misuse. Frequently, however, the cause is unknown. Back to the Table of Contents INCIDENCE Back to the Table of Contents CHARACTERISTICS A child's communication is considered delayed when the child is noticeably behind his or her peers in the acquisition of speech and/or language skills. Sometimes a child will have greater receptive (understanding) than expressive (speaking) language skills, but this is not always the case.

3. Disability Info: Speech And Language Disorders Fact Sheet (FS11) is not always the case. speech disorders refer to difficulties producing speech sounds or problems with which is called dysfluency. speech disorders may be problems with the way http://www.nichcy.org/pubs/factshe/fs11txt.htm

NICHCY Our Publications Disability Info A publication of the National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities Speech and Language Impairments Table of Contents Definition Incidence Characteristics Educational Implications ... Organizations Fact Sheet 11 (FS11) January 2004 Approx. 5 pages when printed. PDF version Definition Speech and language disorders refer to problems in communication and related areas such as oral motor function. These delays and disorders range from simple sound substitutions to the inability to understand or use language or use the oral-motor mechanism for functional speech and feeding. Some causes of speech and language disorders include hearing loss, neurological disorders, brain injury, mental retardation, drug abuse, physical impairments such as cleft lip or palate, and vocal abuse or misuse. Frequently, however, the cause is unknown. Back to top Incidence More than one million of the students served in the public schools’ special education programs in the 2000-2001 school year were categorized as having a speech or language impairment. This estimate does not include children who have speech/language problems secondary to other conditions such as deafness. Language disorders may be related to other disabilities such as mental retardation, autism, or cerebral palsy. It is estimated that communication disorders (including speech, language, and hearing disorders) affect one of every 10 people in the United States. Back to top

4. Speech Disorders Children's Healthcare Of Atlanta Craniofacial Services Speech Pathology Laboratory. Children's at Scottish Rite. Managing speech disorders An Introduction to Speech Pathology and Resonance Disorders. by John E http://www.choa.org/craniofacial/speech-1.shtml

5. Speech Software, ALS, Stroke, SGD, Aphasia, AAC, Speech Disorders Speech software, ALS, stroke, SGD, aphasia, speech disorders, augmentative communication, AAC, communication devices, assistive technology Software and hardware for communication (speech) disorders (AAC) authorized to accept Medicare funded claims for Speech Devices! Click here for specific details http://www.gusinc.com/

var site="s10gusinc" Software and hardware for communication (speech) disorders (AAC) We accept Medicare funded claims for Speech Devices! Click here for specific details Gus! Communication Symbols Gus! Pocket Communicator "The world standard in portable speech devices" Gus! Pocket PC Speaker Wallet Nine (9) "Communicator" Speech models! Don't look at any other SGD AAC Communication devices until you see these. We have the largest selection and best prices anywhere. Period. Gus! Pocket Keyboard for Pocket PCs VIEW Communicator 25 and 35 Video Demos on PocketPC Handheld computers - Click HERE ... Gus! Multimedia Speech System named "Editor's Choice" by CRN Test Center Click here for Test Center results! VIdeo 56K Modems! Video for Cable/DSL "In this, our 12th year of serving people with communication disorders and physical limitations, we are pleased to announce several new products to compliment our existing line of assistive technology products. In particular, we now offer a full line of "Communicator" packages that are Medicare funding compatible, including our new line of Pocket PC based speech software and hardware/software bundles!!

6. Hardin MD : Speech Pathology / Speech Therapy / SLP healthfinder® Communication disorders Speech disorder * ClinicalTrials.gov speech disorders National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/speech.html

Speech Pathology / Speech Therapy / SLP "We list the best sites that list the sites" Site Map Diseases Home indicates ... Free Articles in PubMed Search Hardin MD See also: Home Otolaryngology Rehabilitation All links on this page hand-checked Popular Women's Health Dermatology Nursing Pharm Infect Disease Aspergers Syndrome Ear, Nose, Throat Larynx Pictures Neurology Large Lists Speech - Language pathology (SLP) start page Links Caroline Bowen, Sydney, Australia MEDLINE plus Autism Cleft lip Aphasia Dysphagia National Library of Medicine Speech language pathology (SLP) web sites Sandy Herring Open Directory Project (Other versions: Google AOL LookSmart : Yahoo: Health:Medicine: Speech pathology Net connections for communication disorders and sciences JM Kuster, Mankato State Univ Medium Lists NMAP : Speech therapy Communication sciences and disorders : a list of resources Edward L. F. González, Judith M. Kuster, Laura Steinbach, College and research libraries news Communication disorders Speech disorder Small Lists Martindale's Health Science Guide : Larynx Voice, Speech

7. Speech Disorders speech disorders Menu. This is a webforum to discuss and comment on speech disorders. Click here to Enter a new Neurology WebForum article Click Here to Read our Forum Disclaimer and Statement of http://neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu/forum/SpeechDisordersMenu.html

Speech Disorders Menu This is a webforum to discuss and comment on Speech Disorders. Click here to Enter a new Neurology WebForum article... This Web Forum is not moderated in any sense. Anyone on the Internet can post articles or reply to previously posted articles, and they may do so anonymously. Therefore, the opinions and statements made in all articles and replies do not represent the official opinions of MGH and MGH Neurology. Neither is MGH or MGH Neurology responsible for the content of any articles or replies. No messages are screened for content. - Very Important Message! - Please Click Here to Read Current Posts: Oct 10, 1997 to Present Useful Websites can be found and posted here! My guess is forums will be read only (1/15/00) 12:16 AM delayed speech development (1/7/00) 12:33 AM stammering problem.. any solution.. (1/6/00) 12:51 PM ... Test Posting (10/16/97) 3:15 PM IMPORTANT: If this page seems to be missing recently added documents, click the "Reload Page" button on your Web Browser to update the menu. Return to the main Neurology WebForum Page.

8. Speech Problems Find out the causes and treatments of common speech disorders, as well as how to help a friend or classmate cope with one. http://www.kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/sight/speech_disorders.html

KidsHealth Teens When you were a child just learning to talk, you may have lisped or stuttered; in fact, your relatives probably considered it cute. If you're a teen who is still stuttering, though, you may not feel like it's so endearing. You're not alone. More than 3 million Americans have the speech disorder known as stuttering (or stammering, as it's known in the United Kingdom). It's one of several conditions affecting a person's ability to speak clearly. Some Common Speech Disorders Stuttering is a problem that interferes with fluent speech. A person who stutters may repeat the first part of a word (as in sssssing) or hold a single sound for a long time (as in caaaaaaake). Some people who stutter have trouble getting sounds out altogether. Stuttering is complex, and it can affect speech in many different ways. Cluttering is another problem that makes a person's speech difficult to understand. Like stuttering, cluttering affects the fluency, or flow, of a person's speech. Someone who clutters may speak in bursts or pause in unexpected places. The rhythm of cluttered speech may sound jerky, rather than smooth, and the speaker often seems unaware of the problem. Articulation disorders encompass a wide range of errors people can make when talking. Substituting a "w" for an "r" ("wabbit" for "rabbit"), omitting sounds ("cool" for "school"), or adding sounds to words ("pinanio" for "piano") are examples of articulation errors.

9. MedlinePlus: Speech And Communication Disorders Institutes of Health) ClinicalTrials.gov speech disorders ( National Institutes of Health) Deafness and Other Communication Disorders) Speech to Speech Services Access Numbers http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/speechcommunicationdisorders.html

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Other health topics: A B C D ... List of All Topics Speech and Communication Disorders Contents of this page: General/Overviews Diagnosis/Symptoms Rehabilitation Research ... Teenagers Search MEDLINE for recent research articles on Speech and Communication Disorders You may also be interested in these MedlinePlus related pages: Aphasia Hearing Disorders and Deafness Learning Disorders Stuttering ... Symptoms and Manifestations General/Overviews Speech and Language Impairments (National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities) Also available in: Spanish Clinical Trials ClinicalTrials.gov: Communication Disorders (National Institutes of Health) ClinicalTrials.gov: Speech Disorders (National Institutes of Health) Diagnosis/Symptoms Functional MR Imaging (fMRI) - Brain (American College of Radiology, Radiological Society of North America) Rehabilitation Speech for Patients with Tracheostomies or Ventilators (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association) Research Monkey Talk, Human Speech Share Left-Brain Processing

10. Speech Problems another speech disorder? Find out how speech disorders are treated, how you can help a friend or classmate cope, and lots more. http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/sight/speech_disorders.html

KidsHealth Teens When you were a child just learning to talk, you may have lisped or stuttered; in fact, your relatives probably considered it cute. If you're a teen who is still stuttering, though, you may not feel like it's so endearing. You're not alone. More than 3 million Americans have the speech disorder known as stuttering (or stammering, as it's known in the United Kingdom). It's one of several conditions affecting a person's ability to speak clearly. Some Common Speech Disorders Stuttering is a problem that interferes with fluent speech. A person who stutters may repeat the first part of a word (as in sssssing) or hold a single sound for a long time (as in caaaaaaake). Some people who stutter have trouble getting sounds out altogether. Stuttering is complex, and it can affect speech in many different ways. Cluttering is another problem that makes a person's speech difficult to understand. Like stuttering, cluttering affects the fluency, or flow, of a person's speech. Someone who clutters may speak in bursts or pause in unexpected places. The rhythm of cluttered speech may sound jerky, rather than smooth, and the speaker often seems unaware of the problem. Articulation disorders encompass a wide range of errors people can make when talking. Substituting a "w" for an "r" ("wabbit" for "rabbit"), omitting sounds ("cool" for "school"), or adding sounds to words ("pinanio" for "piano") are examples of articulation errors.

11. Speech-Language Therapy speech disorders and Language Disorders speech disorders include the following problems, according to Diane PaulBrown, PhD, director of clinical issues in http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/ill/speech_therapy_p2.html

KidsHealth Parents Caring for a Seriously or Chronically Ill Child Speech Disorders and Language Disorders Speech disorders include the following problems, according to Diane Paul-Brown, PhD, director of clinical issues in speech-language pathology at the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA): Articulation disorders include difficulties producing sounds in syllables or saying words incorrectly to the point that other people can't understand what's being said. Fluency disorders include problems such as stuttering , the condition in which the flow of speech is interrupted by abnormal stoppages, repetitions (st-st-stuttering), or prolonging sounds and syllables (ssssstuttering). Resonance or voice disorders include problems with the pitch, volume, or quality of a child's voice that distract listeners from what's being said. These types of disorders may also cause pain or discomfort for the child when speaking. Language disorders can be either receptive or expressive. Receptive disorders refer to difficulties understanding or processing language.

12. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Speech Disorders speech disorders. Definition Return to top. speech disorders include several speechrelated problems that result in impaired or ineffective oral communication. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001430.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Speech disorders Contents of this page: Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors Symptoms ... Prevention Alternative names Articulation deficiency; Voice disorders; Dysfluency Definition Return to top Speech disorders include several speech-related problems that result in impaired or ineffective oral communication. Also see speech impairment Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Speech is one of the primary ways we communicate with our environment. It is also an effective way to monitor normal growth and development as well as to identify potential problems. Dysfluencies are rhythm disorders that are usually characterized by the repetition of a sound, word, or phrase. Stuttering is, perhaps, the most serious dysfluency. Articulation deficiencies involve sounds made incorrectly or inappropriately. Voice disorders involve abnormalities in the quality, pitch, and loudness of the sound. There are many potential causes of speech impairment: the most common is mental retardation hearing impairment ADD learning disabilities autism schizophrenia cerebral palsy cleft palate vocal cord injury disorders of the palate cri-du-chat syndrome Gilles de la Tourette syndrome Delayed speech development is one of the common symptoms of developmentally delayed children. It occurs in 5-10% of all children. Boys are three to four times as likely to experience speech disorders as girls.

13. MedlinePlus: Speech And Communication Disorders Health); ClinicalTrials.gov speech disorders (National Institutes of Health). Spanish. Teenagers; speech disorders and Teens (Nemours Foundation). http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/speechandcommunicationdisorders.html

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Other health topics: A B C D ... List of All Topics Speech and Communication Disorders Contents of this page: General/Overviews Diagnosis/Symptoms Rehabilitation Research ... Teenagers Search MEDLINE for recent research articles on Speech and Communication Disorders You may also be interested in these MedlinePlus related pages: Aphasia Hearing Disorders and Deafness Learning Disorders Stuttering ... Symptoms and Manifestations General/Overviews Speech and Language Impairments (National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities) Also available in: Spanish Clinical Trials ClinicalTrials.gov: Communication Disorders (National Institutes of Health) ClinicalTrials.gov: Speech Disorders (National Institutes of Health) Diagnosis/Symptoms Functional MR Imaging (fMRI) - Brain (American College of Radiology, Radiological Society of North America) Rehabilitation Speech for Patients with Tracheostomies or Ventilators (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association) Research Monkey Talk, Human Speech Share Left-Brain Processing

14. Functional Speech Disorders: What Are They? FUNCTIONAL speech disorders What are they? The similarities and differences between these disorders are discussed in this article about Speech Sound Disorders. http://members.tripod.com/Caroline_Bowen/fsd.htm

Home INDEX - FSD FUNCTIONAL SPEECH DISORDERS What are they? © 2004 Caroline Bowen Difficulty with one, or just a few sounds Functional speech disorder is one of several speech sound disorders that can occur in children. A child with a functional speech disorder has difficulty learning to make a specific speech sound (e.g., /r/), or a few specific speech sounds, which may include some or all of these: /s/, /z/, /r/, /l/ and 'th'. Synonyms Functional speech disorders are sometimes referred to as "articulation disorders", "functional articulation disorders" or " articulation problems ". Functional speech disorders are not the same thing as developmental phonological disorders, developmental apraxia of speech, or developmental dysarthria. The similarities and differences between these disorders are discussed in this article about Speech Sound Disorders The precise cause is unknown By definition, the precise cause (or causes) of functional speech disorders is (or are) unknown. Even so, we do know that structural (anatomical), linguistic and environmental factors, persistent ear infections associated with intermittent hearing problems, and other significant interruptions to a young child's health and well-being, can impact negatively on speech acquisition.

15. Speech Disorders Children S Healthcare Of Atlanta Craniofacial Services Speech Pathology Laboratory Children s at Scottish Rite Managing speech disorders Improving Your Clinical Competence with Articulation http://www.choa.org/craniofacial/speech-3.shtml

16. Allexperts Speech Disorders Q&A Category speech disorders, Sort By None. Name, Expertise, Status. http://www.allexperts.com/getExpert.asp?Category=987

17. Speech Disorders speech disorders. 1.Articulation 2.Fluency 3.Voice 4.Language. Special Software for Speech Therapy SpeechMotor. 1. Articulation Disorders. http://www.cs.uta.fi/~curly/mulmod/speechdo.html

Speech Disorders Articulation Fluency Voice Language ... Speech-Motor 1. Articulation Disorders Types of Errors Substitution - substitution of one phoneme (sound) for another - eg. th oup for soup Distortion - distortion (misarticulation) of a standard sound - a phoneme does not sound right, but sounds something like the intended sound - eg. sh ip or z ip for sip Omission - a sound (phoneme) is left out - eg. kool for school Addition - extra sound is added - eg. g a lue for glue Basic Categories of Impairments Phonetic Disorders - inability to produce certain sounds (phonemes) correctly - physical basis; caused by structural, motor or sensory impairments Phonological Disorders - functional or habit errors - misarticulation for no apparent organic reason More information about articulation 2. Fluency Disorders Components of Fluency Continuity - the speech is framented by abnormal pauses - compulsive repetitions Rate - irregular tempo - unusually slow or fast - jerky rate Effort - obvious muscular or mental effort Typical Fluency Disorders Stuttering - breaks in the usual time sequence of utterance - repetitions and prolongations of sounds and syllabes Cluttering - excessive speed of speaking - disorganized sentence structure - slurred or omitted syllables and sounds More information about fluency 3. Voice Disorders

18. Internet Resources For Special Children (IRSC) - Worldwide Resource For Disabili speech disorders General speech disorders - A cover terms for a number of abnormalities in speaking. http://www.irsc.org/language.htm

19. What Is A Speech Disorder? speech disorders are fairly easy to recognize by the layperson. Language disorders are less easily recognized by the layperson than are speech disorders. http://www.cslot.com/speech_disorder.htm

WHAT IS A SPEECH DISORDER? Speech disorders are fairly easy to recognize by the layperson. Listeners can hear something "different" about the speech of the person they are listening to. The speech may be difficult to understand; articulation may be unclear. Speech may sound "stuttered;" fluency may be disrupted. There may be a harsh quality to the speech; the vocal mechanism may be altered. Although most listeners tolerate speech disorders, individuals with speech problems typically do not like the fact that attention is drawn to their speech and may wish to obtain help from the speech therapists at the Center for Speech, Language, and Occupational Therapy, Inc.. WHAT IS A LANGUAGE DISORDER? SPEECH AND LANGUAGE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS If an individual has problems in the area of auditory memory, he may not be able to re-create speech or language structures.

20. Speech Disorders Speechlanguage pathologist Patricia Hamaguchi has been helping children overcome problems like these for more than fifteen years. http://www.homeschoolzone.com/add/speech.htm

FREE recipes desserts crafts health ideas ... Search Speech Disorders Join our Main Menu Events-of-the-Week Home Ed FAQ Home Ed Help Center ... Meet the Author Series Special Needs Kids: ADD Asperger's Syndrome Autism Bipolar ... Speech Disorders Teaching Styles: Christian Secular Unschooling Stuttering Can Make You Miserable by Mary Joe Clendenin Find out more about stuttering Building Self Esteem Does your child have enough poker chips for the game of life? by Joe Spataro Self esteem is the most important aspect of our children's lives. If you believe that you can do it, then you probably can. Unfortunately, many kids are told quite the opposite, especially if they don't quite "fit in." Kids with learning disabilities, ADD/ADHD, victims of bullies and many others get constant messages, that they are not worthy. Many of these messages come from teachers, parents and others who are supposed to be helping them. Quickly, they will believe it and it will become a self-fulfilling prophecy. We have some great FREE inspirational video clips that can help you help your child from Dr. Robert Brooks who talks about "Islands of Competence" and the need to celebrate and reinforce of them. Richard Lavoi then has another video clip about making sure that your child gets enough poker chips for the game of life. Meet the Authors Mariaemma Willis, M.S.

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