121. Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Review And Current Concepts - July 1, 2001 - Am AFP July 1, 2001. Adolescent Idiopathic scoliosis Review and Current Concepts. Classification. TABLE 1 Secondary Causes of scoliosis. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20010701/111.html

Advanced Search Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Review and Current Concepts BRIAN V. REAMY, LT COL, USAF, MC, Malcolm Grow Medical Center, Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland JOSEPH B. SLAKEY, CDR, MC, USNR, Naval Medical Center, Portsmouth, Virginia A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (6 pages / 162 KB). More information on using PDF files. R ecent research has led to a better understanding of the natural history of scoliosis. However, the optimal strategy for screening, diagnosing and treating this common spinal deformity remains controversial. Of adolescents diagnosed with scoliosis, only 10 percent have curve progression requiring medical intervention. The ability to estimate which curves require therapy has led to more appropriate treatment with observation, bracing or surgery. See editorial on page 32. Family physicians need to differentiate patients with stable or minimally progressive scoliosis who can be observed from patients with scoliosis that is at high risk for progression. They need to determine the patients they can follow and those who need referral to an orthopedic surgeon. Unnecessary referrals of adolescents with minimal scoliosis who are at low risk for progression can cause marked anxiety and lost time from school and work, and lead to unnecessary radiation exposure. Of adolescents diagnosed with scoliosis, only 10 percent have curve progression requiring medical intervention.

122. Echocardiography scoliosis and Echocardiography. scoliosis is associated with mitral valve prolapse. A subset of 41 patients had a family history of scoliosis and 37% had MVP. http://www2.umdnj.edu/~shindler/scoliosis.html

Scoliosis and Echocardiography E-chocardiography Journal: Alphabetical List Chronological List Images Home Page Scoliosis is associated with mitral valve prolapse. Echocardiographic windows may not be in their customary location. The spine may impinge on the left atrium as shown below. Scoliosis by Michael L. Richardson, M.D. Natural history of scoliosis in congenital heart disease. Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics Scoliosis in Adults general information SpineUniverse.com Effect on Lungs and Heart UCDavis Health System The Scliosis Health Self-Assessment Tool Video clip Clues from associated conditions from Connective Tissue Disorder Mitral Valve Prolapse, Irritable Bowel, Scoliosis Doctor's Guide Echocardiographic References Kumar UK, Sahasranam KV. Mitral valve prolapse syndrome and associated thoracic skeletal abnormalities. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 1991 Jul;39(7):536-9 Dhuper S, Ehlers KH, Fatica NS, Myridakis DJ, Klein AA, Friedman DM, Levine DB. Incidence and risk factors for mitral valve prolapse in severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Pediatr Cardiol 1997 Nov-Dec;18(6):425-8 Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is known to be associated with thoracic skeletal anomalies. To determine the incidence and risk factors for mitral valve prolapse in the adolescent population with severe idiopathic scoliosis (IS), a prospective follow-up study on 139 adolescent patients with IS from the Pediatric Orthopedic Service was undertaken. Data collected included age, sex, medical and family history, physical exam, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram, spinal x-rays, and pulmonary function tests. MVP w as detected by echocardiogram in 13.6% (19/139) of patients with IS as compared with 3.2% in 154 age- and weight-matched controls (p

123. SCOLIOSIS : Contact A Family - For Families With Disabled Children: Information printer friendly, scoliosis, Further information on these resources can be found in our Medical Information on the Internet article. scoliosis ASSOCIATION (UK). http://www.cafamily.org.uk/Direct/s21.html

printer friendly SCOLIOSIS home more about us in your area conditions information ... how you can help search this site Did you find this page helpful? yes no When idiopathic curvature occurs at or shortly after birth (infantile curves), the ratio is reversed and boys are often slightly more affected than girls. Interestingly, adolescent curve tends to be more convex to the right whereas infantile ones are to the left. In babies early diagnosis and treatment is particularly important. Scoliosis may also develop as a result of congenital malformations of the spine such as hemi-vertebra or fused vertebrae, or in association with spina bifida Scoliosis may develop as the result of neurological disease for example poliomyelitis or Friedreich's Ataxia . It may also occur in brittle bone disease , or in specific syndromes such as Marfan Rett syndrome and Neurofibromatosis Inheritance patterns There is evidence that idiopathic scoliosis is familial. Where the cause of scoliosis is specific, the pattern of inheritance will depend upon the disorder concerned. Prenatal diagnosis None, except where specific conditions are concerned: for example, in spina bifida where amniocentesis at 16 weeks is used. Ultrasound scanning can also identify spinal cord and vertebral defects.

124. Connecticut Children's Medical Center: Orthopaedics/ Idiopathic Scoliosis IDIOPATHIC scoliosis scoliosis usually is not noticeable until the curve is 20 degrees. Therefore, following a small curve is http://www.ccmckids.org/departments/orthopaedics/orthoed21.htm

IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS Scoliosis usually is not noticeable until the curve is 20 degrees. Therefore, following a "small curve" is not recommended because bracing is usually started at 25 degrees. Early referral to an experienced scoliosis physician is warranted to provide early treatment. Orthotics Contact Info. Orthotics Links There are many reasons why scoliosis may be undetected until a substantial deformity has developed. These include: 1. Nearly all cases are painless and produce no other symptoms. 2. Idiopathic scoliosis most often develops in the preadolescent or early adolescent period, an age of modesty which precludes parents from seeing their child's unclothed spines. 3. Routine physical examination of older children has been supplanted by episodic problem-related health care. 4. Currently popular loose clothing styles easily conceal significant deformity. Most cases of idiopathic scoliosis do not reach severe magnitude but those that do can have significant sequela. These include: 1. Restrictive pulmonary disease which can lead to corpulmonale and premature death. 2. Back pain, particularly in the lumbar and lumbosacral regions. 3. Increased fatigueability. 4. Objectionable cosmetic deformity. 5. Psychogenic problems with body image. 6. Social problems such as increased unemployment and decreased likelihood of marriage. 7. The expense of further medical care later in life.

125. MDchoice.com Scoliosis In Children And Adolescents page. scoliosis In Children and Adolescents. information. What Is scoliosis? scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine, or backbone. http://mdchoice.com/Pt/consumer/scochild.asp

Advertisement Sign up for a FREE disease newsletter: Select Disease Allergies Arthritis Cholesterol Depression Diabetes Hypertension Medical Information Arthritis Center Allergy Center Kid's Health Cancer Center ... Health News From our Sponsors Interactive Education Simulators PhotoRounds Medical Databases MEDLINE CancerLit AIDSLine Healthcare Employment About Us Editorial Board Our Company Contact Us We subscribe to the HONcode principles of the Health On the Net Foundation Spell Checker Search the Web's best medical sites Searches over 6,000 Medical Journals Health Information Wednesday, June 02, 2004 Find more information about this topic from either the Web or the world's best medical journals by using the search boxes at the top of this page. Scoliosis In Children and Adolescents What Is Scoliosis? Who Gets Scoliosis? What Causes Scoliosis? How Does the Doctor Diagnose Scoliosis? ... Acknowledgments This fact sheet defines scoliosis and provides information about how it is diagnosed and treated in children and adolescents. You may be interested in contacting one or more of the organizations referenced at the end of the fact sheet for more information. What Is Scoliosis?

126. EMedicine - Neuromuscular Scoliosis : Article By Matthew B Dobbs, MD Neuromuscular scoliosis scoliosis is a common deformity in many types of neuromuscular diseases and generally is most severe in nonambulatory patients. http://www.emedicine.com/orthoped/topic526.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Orthopedic Surgery Spine Neuromuscular Scoliosis Last Updated: August 21, 2002 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, spinal deformity, neuromuscular disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, myelodysplasia, syringomyelia, spinal cord trauma, poliomyelitis, spinal muscular atrophy, arthrogryposis AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Indications Relevant Anatomy And Contraindications ... Bibliography Author: Matthew B Dobbs, MD , Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine Coauthor(s): Lawrence G Lenke, MD , Jerome J Gilden Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Section of Spinal Surgery, Director of Residency Program, Washington University School of Medicine; Chief of Spinal Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St Louis Shriners Hospital Matthew B Dobbs, MD, is a member of the following medical societies:

127. EMedicine - Idiopathic Scoliosis : Article By Charles T Mehlman, DO, MPH Idiopathic scoliosis Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common type of spinal deformity confronting orthopedic surgeons (Lonstein, 1995). Idiopathic scoliosis. http://www.emedicine.com/orthoped/topic504.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Orthopedic Surgery Spine Idiopathic Scoliosis Last Updated: March 6, 2003 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: thoracic scoliosis, thoracolumbar scoliosis, lumbar scoliosis, early onset scoliosis, early onset idiopathic scoliosis, late onset scoliosis, late onset idiopathic scoliosis, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, juvenile idiopathic scoliosis, infantile idiopathic scoliosis, adolescent scoliosis, juvenile scoliosis, infantile scoliosis, kyphoscoliosis, rotoscoliosis, spinal deformity AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Author Information Introduction Indications Relevant Anatomy And Contraindications ... Bibliography Author: Charles T Mehlman, DO, MPH , Director, Musculoskeletal Outcomes Research, Assistant Professor, Division of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Charles T Mehlman, DO, MPH, is a member of the following medical societies:

128. Jeanne S Scoliosis Page Jeanne s scoliosis Page. This is a discussion of congenital scoliosis, NOT idiopathic scoliosis. That s what congenital scoliosis is. http://my.execpc.com/~jseidler/scoli.htm

Jeanne's Scoliosis Page This is a discussion of congenital scoliosis, NOT idiopathic scoliosis. I was born with hemi-vertebra and vertebra which failed to segment on one side. This problem occurred in the developing fetus. That's what congenital scoliosis is. It was nothing my mother did to cause it. It was nothing I did to cause it. It just happened. The picture below is of two t-spine x-rays taken three years apart. I held the x-rays up to a window and then snapped a picture. On the left is an x-ray of 1997 when I was age 51. On the right is an x-ray of 1994 when I was age 48. The major curve is about 65-degrees in 1994 and about 85-degrees in 1997. The other compensating curves are not pictured. This is the way I have appeared for my entire life. There were no treatments for congenital scoliosis when I was a child. My scoliosis was first detected by a casual observer when I was 5 years old. It was already as bad as it appears in these x-rays. The congenital malformations are most obvious at the T4-T8 levels. The vertebra in this area are not distinctly visible on the x-ray. Notice the ribs just to the right of the spine. It appears as if these were joined as one rib which eventually split into individual ribs further out from the right side of the spine. Without these abnormalities, there is no scoliosis at all. Congenital scoliosis is about five percent of all scoliosis cases. Congenital scoliosis is really bad developmental luck. No one is to blame. I can't stress this enough. I have read e-mail from parents who thought they were to blame for their child's scoliosis. No one is to blame for this bad developmental luck. Could have been much worse luck with more to overcome. Could have been blind, could have been deaf, could have been any number of worse things in addition to scoliosis.

129. WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF SCOLIOSIS? WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF scoliosis? scoliosis is usually painless. With more advanced scoliosis, fatigue may occur after prolonged sitting or standing. http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/ucdhs/health/a-z/68Scoliosis/doc68symptoms.html

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF SCOLIOSIS? Scoliosis is usually painless. Often the curvature itself may be too subtle to be noticed, even by observant parents. Some may notice abnormal posture in their growing child that includes the following: A tilted head. Protruding shoulder blade. One hip or shoulder that is higher than the other causing an uneven hem or shirt line. The child may lean more to one side than the other. With more advanced scoliosis, fatigue may occur after prolonged sitting or standing. Curves caused by muscle spasms or growths on the spine can sometimes cause pain. Nearly always, however, there are no symptoms for mild scoliosis, and the condition is usually detected by the pediatrician or during a school screening test [ see How is Scoliosis Diagnosed? below Scoliosis Causes Risk Factors Severity Symptoms Diagnosis General Guidelines Managing The Effects Of Scoliosis Braces And Nonsurgical Treatments ... Support Organizations

130. Questions And Answers About Scoliosis In Children And Adolescents Health Topics. PDF version. Publication Date July 2001. Questions and Answers about scoliosis in Children and Adolescents. What Is scoliosis? http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/topics/scoliosis/scochild.htm

En español Health Information Health Topics Order Publications Studies with Patients Patient Research Registries ... NIAMS Coalition Members Health Topics PDF version Publication Date July 2001 Questions and Answers about Scoliosis in Children and Adolescents This booklet defines scoliosis and provides information about how it is diagnosed and treated in children and adolescents. You may be interested in contacting one or more of the organizations referenced at the end of the booklet for more information. What Is Scoliosis? Who Gets Scoliosis? What Causes Scoliosis? How Does the Doctor Diagnose Scoliosis? ... Where Can People Get More Information About Scoliosis? What Is Scoliosis? Scoliosis is a musculoskeletal disorder in which there is a sideways curvature of the spine, or backbone. The bones that make up the spine are called vertebrae. Some people who have scoliosis require treatment. Other people, who have milder curves, may only need to visit their doctor for periodic observation. The section, " Does Scoliosis Have To Be Treated? What Are the Treatments?

131. ESpine.com--adult Idiopathic Scoliosis Once skeletal maturity or growth is completed, a patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is now said to have adult idiopathic scoliosis. http://www.espine.com/diagnosis_ais.html

Back to the Top Before After Thoracolumbar curve treated with anterior instrumentation. Excellent correction has been obtained with this technique. Once skeletal maturity or growth is completed, a patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is now said to have adult idiopathic scoliosis. The distinction is important for while a patient with Adult Idiopathic Scoliosis may still need treatment for progression, pain is a much more common indication for treatment. Normal degenerative changes of the spine may be accelerated by curvature and the patient with adult idiopathic scoliosis may be at higher risk for skeletal pain or extremity pain due to nerve compression. If treated, adult idiopathic scoliosis should never lead to neurologic (paralysis) or cardiopulmonary (heart or lung failure) deterioration. The goal of treatment in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is to prevent the curve from progressing past 40 degrees. The importance of the 40 degree mark is that bracing becomes ineffective at this curvature for mechanical reasons. Of secondary importance though is the statistical finding that in adults, curves less than 40 degrees rarely progress and when they reach 50 degrees, they may increase at mean rate of 1degree/year. Studies have also shown that at 60 degrees, pulmonary function (breathing health) may deteriorate and at 100 degrees, severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction is seen. The orthopedic spine surgeon will commonly use these curve measurements as parameters for treatment.

132. Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis A thorough explanation of the surgical and nonsurgical treatment of back pain, neck pain, scoliosis, kyphosis, and spondylolisthesis. http://www.espine.com/scoliosis2.html

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Scoliosis and Spinal Deformity Figure 1: Cobb Method. All vertebra within the curve are included and the ends marked with lines. The angle of the intersection of these lines is defined as the Cobb Angle. This curve measures 35 degrees. Figure 4: Apex of curve at T12. This curve is defined as Thoracolumar Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Figure 5: Two large structured curves are classified as a Double Major Curve. Figure 6: Forward bending test will detect the rib hump. Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Treatment Skeletally Immature Adolescent Curve (degrees) Treatment Observation 4 month xrays Brace Brace Consider surgery Figure 7 Figure 8: Preop thoracolumber curve treated with anterior spinal instrumentation. Distal lumber motion segments are preserved with this technique. Figure 9: Harrington instrumentation produces distraction forces which may control the curve in the frontal plane (left xray), induce forward decompensation and flatback in the (sagittal)

133. Harvard Orthopaedic Journal: Articles Anterior Spinal Surgery for Thoracolumbar and Lumbar Idiopathic scoliosis Short Segment Instrumentation Using a Solid Rod and Mesh Cages. http://healthcare.partners.org/orthopaedic/hoj2000/html/articles10.htm

HOJ HOME Chiefs Reports Osgood Day Scientific Articles ... Click here to visit our web site Anterior Spinal Surgery for Thoracolumbar and Lumbar Idiopathic Scoliosis: Short Segment Instrumentation Using a Solid Rod and Mesh Cages Lawrence I. Karlin, MD, John E. Hall, MD Department of Orthopaedic Surger y, Children's Hospital The main goals of the surgical treatment of idiopathic sco-liosis are the prevention of deformity progression through arthrodesis and correction of deformity sufficient to balance the spine in both the frontal and sagittal planes. Ideally these goals are accomplished while maintaining as much lumbar spinal flexibility as possible. Under the influence of Dr. John Hall, the group at the Children's Hospital developed such a motion sparing method using anterior spinal fusion and instrumentation. HISTORY Anterior spinal instrumentation for the treatment of idio-pathic scoliosis was introduced in the 1960's by Dr. Anthony Dwyer and colleagues 1 . His method offered a number of advantages over existing posterior instrumentation systems, but the construct —composed of screws, staples, and a flexi-ble cable— lacked rigidity and often produced kyphosis. Unacceptable rates of pseudoarthrosis, implant failure, and loss of lumbar lordosis have led to the abandonement of the system when used alone for the surgical treatment of idiopathic scol-iosis 2,3,4,5. It has remained part of the armamentarium for the treatment of neuromuscular curvatures, however, when used in concert with posterior instrumentation. The Zielke system, which uses a flexible solid rod, had similar problems 6-13 .

134. Scoliosis Research Centre Scoliosis Information Information on scoliosis. Index Changes from normal on a side view frequently accompany scoliosis changes. What are the Signs of scoliosis. http://www.ece.ualberta.ca/~scoweb/aboutscoliosis.html

Information on Scoliosis Index: What are Spinal Deformities? What are the Signs of Scoliosis? What Causes Scoliosis? Who Gets Scoliosis? ... Answers to Questions Commonly Asked by Patients What are Spinal Deformitities? When the body is viewed from behind, a normal spine appears straight. However, when a spine with scoliosis is viewed from behind, a lateral or side-to-side curvature may be apparent. This gives the appearance of leaning to one side and should not be confused with poor posture. When the trunk is viewed from the side, the spine will demonstrate normal curves. The upper chest area has a normal roundback, or kyphosis, while in the lower spine there is a swayback, or lordosis. Increased roundback in the chest area is correctly called hyperkyphosis while increased swayback is termed hyperlordosis. Changes from normal on a side view frequently accompany scoliosis changes. What are the Signs of Scoliosis One shoulder may be higher than the other One scapula (shoulder blade) may be higher or more prominent than the other. With the arms hanging loosely at the side, there may be more space between the arm and the body on one side.

135. The Internet Scoliosis Club The Internet scoliosis Club Site has Moved!!!!! This new site includes The Internet scoliosis Club and Listless Meanings, a new Health Links Page. http://meltingpot.fortunecity.com/algeria/288/

web hosting domain names email addresses The Internet Scoliosis Club Site has Moved!!!!! Please click on the link below to go to the new web page http://www.ysabol.net This new site includes The Internet Scoliosis Club and Listless Meanings, a new Health Links Page. web hosting domain names web design online games ... online casino

136. Scoliosis Back to table of contents. scoliosis Joel Schwab MD. scoliosis is defined as a curvature of the spine greater than 10 degrees in the AP plane. http://pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu/scoliosis.html

Back to table of contents Scoliosis Joel Schwab M.D. Scoliosis is defined as a curvature of the spine greater than 10 degrees in the AP plane. It is more common and likely to progress in girls. Etiology Idiopathic accounts for the majority of cases Multifactoral and there is a high incidence in members of families. Associated with connective tissue disorders such as Marfans, homocystinuria, and Ehlers-Danlos. Underlying neuromuscular disorder, intraspinal lesions, or leg length discrepancy Clinical Assessment History Renal or cardiac defects- some associated with scoliosis Presence of back pain- idiopathic usually asymptomatic Neurologic or limb changes- development of limp, joint or limb pain bladder and bowel habit changes- associated with spinal cord abnormalities ataxia weakness history of secondary sexual traits, development. Menarche? Physical Examination - should detect curvature and rule out underlying causes such as leg length discrepancy, neurologic abnormalities, and hip pathology Observe gait Observation of patient from back and front looking for asymmetry of the shoulders, scapulas, iliac crest, angle between the arms and body, breast height. Check skin for lesions associated with neurofibromatosis, hair patches along the spine

137. [Clinical Preventive Services] Screening For Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, Second Edition Musculoskeletal Disorders Screening for Adolescent Idiopathic scoliosis. Berwick DM. scoliosis screening. http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/texts/gcps/gcps0057.html

Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, Second Edition Musculoskeletal Disorders Screening for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis RECOMMENDATION There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine screening of asymptomatic adolescents for idiopathic scoliosis. Clinicians should remain alert for large spinal curvatures when examining adolescents. Burden of Suffering Scoliosis, a lateral spinal curve of 11 degrees or greater, affects an estimated 500,000 adults in the United States.1 Idiopathic scoliosis accounts for about 65% of cases of structural scoliosis,2,3 and a large proportion of these cases develop during adolescence. A lateral spinal curve of 11 degrees or greater is present in about 2-3% of adolescents at the end of their growth period. Curves greater than 20 degrees occur in less than 0.5% of adolescents.4 The potential adverse effects of scoliosis include the progressive development of unpleasant cosmetic deformities, back pain, social and psychological problems during both childhood (e.g., poor self-image, social isolation) and adulthood5 (e.g., limited job opportunities, lower marriage rate), and the financial costs of treatment. Accuracy of Screening Tests The principal screening test for scoliosis is the physical examination of the back, which includes upright visual inspection of the back and the Adams forward-bending test.25 Patients with abnormal findings on initial physical examination are often then referred for a more thorough physical examination. Some physicians also obtain a standing roentgenogram to measure the degree of curvature (e.g., Cobb angle). Roentgenographic findings serve as the reference standard for estimating the sensitivity and specificity of screening tests. The reported 95% confidence interval for intraobserver and interobserver variability in measuring the Cobb angle on radiographs is 3- 5 degrees and 6-7 degrees, respectively.26,27

138. Scoliosis And SMA - The Hidden Twist The Hidden Twist scoliosis By John Grayhack, MD. scoliosis is the curvature of the spine to the side, out of the normal plane. http://www.fsma.org/grayhack02.shtml

The Hidden Twist...Scoliosis By: John Grayhack, M.D. Scoliosis is the curvature of the spine to the side, out of the normal plane. This curvature in spinal muscular atrophy most likely develops because of a lack of muscular support of the bones of the spinal column or muscular imbalance. The bones, discs and ligaments of the spinal column only have so much rigidity and are meant to be quite pliable. Because of this, when they lack normal muscular support, there’s a tendency for them to bend further; either to the side, forward or backward. In spinal muscular atrophy, as the muscular weakness progresses along with growth, there is a tendency for the curvature to develop and, over time, for it to become more severe. The spine can curve in several directions. A bend to the side is described as " scoliosis ". Usually, when looking from front to back, the spine should appear essentially straight. Although any curve to the side technically is scoliosis, usually this term is reserved for curves of significant magnitude. A bending of the spine more backward (or hunchback) is kyphosis . This is a common type of curvature for the upper spine. When looking from the side there is a normal amount of kyphosis, but when it exceeds a certain magnitude, it becomes abnormal. Finally, a curve forward, or inward, is

139. New Device Classifies Mild To Moderate Scoliosis Without X-rays For children diagnosed with mild to moderate scoliosis, a new device can accurately track their progress without resorting to repeated exposure to xrays. http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/903997272.html

Search Articles: search tips Please Take the HealthLink Survey Email this article Print this article Find related articles: By topic: Back/Spine Children's Health By keywords: Receive Health Link via email! Subscribe now >> New Device Classifies Mild to Moderate Scoliosis without X-rays In the first U.S. clinical trials of the new Quantec Body Shape and Measurement System, Medical College of Wisconsin researchers at the MACC Fund Research Center report the device could significantly reduce the amount of x-ray exposure for many children with mild to moderate scoliosis (curvature of the spine). The Quantec System uses a grid of harmless white light, projected across the child's back. This data from the surface of the child's back is recorded and computer-processed to create a three-dimensional image of the shape of the surface. "While the new system has been used in Europe and Canada for more than five years, the system at Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, purchased with funds donated by the Variety Club of Wisconsin, is the first of its kind in the U.S. to be used clinically to follow patients," said principal investigator, John Thometz, M.D., associate professor of pediatric orthopaedics at the Medical College. Dr. Thometz is also director of pediatric orthopaedic surgery at Children's Hospital, a major teaching affiliate. Xue-Cheng Liu, M.D., a Medical College project research physician, was co-principal investigator.

140. Scoliosis --- HealthandAge scoliosis. scoliosis. Source ADAM Inc., WellConnected series October 1, 2003 PDF Version What is scoliosis? scoliosis is the abnormal curvature of the spine. http://www.healthandage.com/Home/gm=6!gid6=6801

June 3, 2004 Home Health Centers HealthandAge Network Caregivers' Center ... Primer on Aging Choose Font Size Normal Large Extra Large Scoliosis Disease Digests Scoliosis Scoliosis Source: A.D.A.M. Inc., Well-Connected series October 1, 2003 PDF Version Well-Connected reports are written and updated by experienced medical writers and reviewed and edited by the in-house editors and a board of physicians who have faculty positions at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital. Neither institution (HMS or MGH) reviews or endorses their content. TABLE OF CONTENTS What is scoliosis? What causes scoliosis? Who gets scoliosis? How serious is scoliosis? What are the symptoms of scoliosis? How is scoliosis diagnosed? What are the general guidelines for treating scoliosis? What are nonsurgical measures for managing the effects... How are braces used for scoliosis? What are the surgical procedures for scoliosis? What are the treatments for adult scoliosis? Where else can help be obtained for scoliosis? What is scoliosis? Scoliosis is the abnormal curvature of the spine. While the normal spine has gentle natural curves that round the shoulders and make the lower back curve inward, scoliosis typically involves a three-dimensional deformity of the spinal column and rib cage. To varying degrees, the spine curves from side-to-side, and some of the spinal bones may rotate slightly, making the hips or shoulders appear uneven. [

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