21. Salmonellosis Includes risk factors, symptoms, treatment, and prevention. http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/salmonellosis.html

KidsHealth Parents Infections Signs and Symptoms: Salmonellosis is a foodborne illness caused by the bacteria salmonella. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting , abdominal cramps, diarrhea (sometimes bloody), fever , and headache . Because many different kinds of illnesses can cause these symptoms, salmonella gastroenteritis should be diagnosed by laboratory tests that can identify the bacteria in an infected person's stool. Once the salmonella bacteria has been identified, further testing can determine its specific type and which antibiotics can be used to treat it. The most common types of salmonella are typhimurium and enteriditis ; they have been causing illness for more than 100 years. A new strain of typhimurium, DT104, is resistant to seven different antibiotics that normally would kill any salmonella strain, making treatment options more limited. Description: Salmonella are bacteria that cause an infection of the gastrointestinal system in humans. The bacteria can be found in water, soil, kitchen surfaces , animal feces, raw meats, poultry, and eggs. The disease is usually limited to the intestinal tract, but the salmonella organisms can spread to other parts of the body, such as blood or bone. Salmonella can cause typhoid fever, the symptoms of which include fever, abdominal pain, headache, malaise, lethargy, skin rash, constipation, and delirium.

22. Salmonellosis salmonellosis is an illness caused by a bacteria found in raw food, soil, water and the bowel movements of some animals, including reptiles. Find out how to prevent this illness. Playing It Safe http://kidshealth.org/kid/watch/house/salmonellosis.html

KidsHealth Kids Watch Out Playing It Safe Around the House Adam was so excited when he brought his new box turtle home. He filled its water bowl and spent an hour holding it and feeding it lettuce. That night, he fell asleep thinking of how he would make a cool home out of boxes for his new friend. But a few days later, he got a really bad stomachache and was running to the bathroom a lot. When he saw blood in the toilet after he pooped, his mom took him to the doctor. Once the doctor heard about Adam's new turtle, he did a few tests and diagnosed Adam with salmonellosis. What Is Salmonellosis? Salmonellosis (say: sal-muh-neh- loh -sis) is an illness caused by Salmonella (say: sal-muh- neh -luh) bacteria . If the bacteria find their way into a person's stomach and intestines , they can cause cramps, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. There are several different types, or strains, of Salmonella bacteria, and they all can make you sick. Salmonella can be found in soil, water, raw food, and the bowel movements (poop) of some animals, including reptiles like turtles and snakes. Some kids, like Adam, get sick because of a pet or other animal. If poop gets on the animal's skin, the bacteria will get on the skin, too. Then if a person touches the animal, she can get the bacteria and might develop salmonellosis. Someone also can be infected if she eats food that has not been handled or prepared well. Sometimes

23. FDA/CFSAN Bad Bug Book - Salmonella Spp. produce typhoid or typhoidlike fever in humans. Other forms of salmonellosis generally produce milder symptoms The incidence of salmonellosis appears to be rising both in the U.S. http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~mow/chap1.html

C enter for F ood S A pplied N utrition Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook Salmonella spp. 1. Name of the Organism: Salmonella spp. Salmonella is a rod-shaped, motile bacterium nonmotile exceptions S. gallinarum and S. pullorum , nonsporeforming and Gram-negative . There is a widespread occurrence in animals, especially in poultry and swine. Environmental sources of the organism include water, soil, insects, factory surfaces, kitchen surfaces, animal feces, raw meats, raw poultry, and raw seafoods, to name only a few. 2. Nature of Acute Disease: S. typhi and the paratyphoid bacteria are normally caused septicemic and produce typhoid or typhoid-like fever in humans. Other forms of salmonellosis generally produce milder symptoms. 3. Nature of Disease: Acute symptoms Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, minal diarrhea, fever, and headache. Chronic consequences arthritic symptoms may follow 3-4 weeks after onset of acute symptoms. Onset time 6-48 hours. Infective dose As few as 15-20 cells; depends upon age and health of host, and strain differences among the members of the genus. Duration of symptoms Acute symptoms may last for 1 to 2 days or may be prolonged, again depending on host factors, ingested dose, and strain characteristics.

24. Reportable Infectious Diseases And Conditions idph online home, Illinois Department of Public Health 535 West Jefferson StreetSpringfield, Illinois 62761 Phone 217782-4977 Fax 217-782-3987 TTY 800-547 http://www.idph.state.il.us/health/infect/reportdis/salmonellosis.htm

Salmonellosis Salmonellosis Fact Sheet Salmonellosis Information - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Illinois Department of Public Health 535 West Jefferson Street Springfield, Illinois 62761 Phone 217-782-4977 Fax 217-782-3987 TTY 800-547-0466 Questions or Comments

25. Foodborne Diseases, NIAID Fact Sheet salmonellosis. salmonellosis, or salmonella, is an infection causedby Salmonella bacteria. What are the symptoms of salmonellosis? http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/foodbornedis.htm

April 2002 Foodborne Diseases Overview Preventing Foodborne Diseases Botulism Campylobacteriosis ... For More Information Overview Infectious diseases spread through food or beverages are a common, distressing, and sometimes life-threatening problem for millions of people in the United States and around the world. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates 76 million people suffer foodborne illnesses each year in the United States, accounting for 325,000 hospitalizations and more than 5,000 deaths. Foodborne disease is extremely costly. Health experts estimate that the yearly cost of all foodborne diseases in this country is $5 to $6 billion in direct medical expenses and lost productivity. Infections with the bacteria Salmonella alone account for $1 billion yearly in direct and indirect medical costs. There are more than 250 known foodborne diseases. Bacteria cause most cases, followed by viruses and parasites. Natural and manufactured chemicals in food products also can make people sick. Some diseases are caused by toxins (poisons) from the disease-causing organism, others by bodily reactions to the organism itself. People infected with foodborne germs may have no symptoms or develop symptoms ranging from mild intestinal discomfort to severe dehydration and bloody diarrhea. Recently, public health, agriculture, and environmental officials have expressed growing concern over keeping the nation's food and water supply safe from terrorist acts. This bioterrorism threat is being studied by a number of U.S. agencies, including the Food and Drug Administration, Department of Agriculture, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Environmental Protection Agency, and National Institutes of Health.

26. Reptile-associated Salmonellosis Fact Sheet Disease Fact Sheet Series Reptileassociated salmonellosis. What is reptile-associatedsalmonellosis? Who gets reptile-associated salmonellosis? http://www.dhfs.state.wi.us/healthtips/BCD/ReptileSalmo.htm

Topics A-Z Reference Center Search Disease Fact Sheet Series: Reptile-associated Salmonellosis What is reptile-associated salmonellosis? Reptile-associated salmonellosis is a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella bacteria that are acquired through contact with reptiles. During the 1970’s there were large numbers of cases of salmonellosis associated with small turtles, which lead to a ban on their sale and resulted in decreases in salmonellosis cases. A recent trend toward owning imported reptiles, especially iguanas and snakes, has resulted in increasing reports of reptile-associated salmonellosis cases in the U.S. Who gets reptile-associated salmonellosis? Any person can get reptile-associated salmonellosis, but it is more common in children, especially those under 3 years old. What is special about reptiles and salmonellosis? Most reptiles are carriers of Salmonella even though they seem healthy. Antibiotic medication will not eliminate the bacteria in reptiles and may result in Salmonella bacteria that become resistant to antibiotics. When resistant bacteria are transferred to humans, the treatment of serious infections becomes more difficult.

27. Salmonellosis Fact Sheet salmonellosis. What is salmonellosis? salmonellosis is a disease causedby Salmonella bacteria. It usually Who gets salmonellosis? Any person http://www.vdh.state.va.us/epi/salmf.htm

Salmonellosis What is salmonellosis? Salmonellosis is a disease caused by Salmonella bacteria. It usually affects the intestinal tract and occasionally the bloodstream. Salmonella bacteria can cause outbreaks due to food poisoning. Who gets salmonellosis? Any person can get salmonellosis but it is recognized more often in infants and children. Where are Salmonella found? Salmonella bacteria often contaminate raw meats, including chicken, eggs, and unpasteurized milk and cheese products. These bacteria are also found in the feces (stool) of infected persons or infected pets such as reptiles, chicks, dogs and cats. How are Salmonella bacteria spread? Salmonella bacteria may be spread by eating contaminated food (particularly undercooked eggs and poultry) or drinking contaminated water. Infected persons can spread the bacteria by not washing their hands after going to the bathroom and then handling food that other people will eat. Another way to get this disease is by having direct contact with feces from an infected person or animal and then transferring the bacteria to the mouth from the hands. What are the symptoms of salmonellosis?

28. Salmonellosis Fact Sheet salmonellosis (Salmonella). (*PDF version) for printing. What is salmonellosis?Salmonella are bacteria which cause an infection http://health.utah.gov/els/epidemiology/epifacts/salmon.html

DELS Home Page Communicable Disease Control Epidemiology Communicable Disease ... UDOH Public Health Lab Salmonellosis (Salmonella) (*PDF version) for printing. What is Salmonellosis? Salmonella are bacteria which cause an infection called salmonellosis in the stomach and intestines. About 2,000 types of Salmonella have been identified. However, only a small number of those types account for cases in Utah. Typhoid fever is the most serious type of Salmonella infection. Who gets Salmonellosis? Anyone can get salmonellosis, but it occurs more often in infants and young children. How are Salmonella bacteria spread? Salmonella bacteria are spread by eating or drinking infected food or water. It can also be spread by direct contact with an infected person or animal. Person-to-person spread often occurs in day-care centers and nursing homes where personal hygiene may be poor due to age or disabilities. What are the symptoms of Salmonellosis?

29. Reducing The Risk: Salmonellosis salmonellosis. salmonellosis is a zoonotic disease which means that it can be transmittedbetween animals and humans. salmonellosis in Animals. Salmonella spp. http://web.vet.cornell.edu/crar/OHP/SALMON.html

Reducing the Risk... Nonhuman Primates A Series on Safe Work Practices Wild Caught Birds Reptiles Salmonellosis Salmonellosis is a zoonotic disease which means that it can be transmitted between animals and humans. The disease is caused by a group of bacteria called Salmonella of which their are many species that can affect humans. The disease produced usually varies with the serotype of Salmonella involved. The agent is very common in the environment. It is found in water or feed contaminated by infected animals. Salmonella are readily destroyed by most disinfectants. Salmonellosis in Animals Salmonella spp. can infect both warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals. The most common disease caused by Salmonella spp. in animals is diarrhea. Some serotypes produce septicemia (blood poisoning) or abortions in animals. Some animals may be infected and shed the agent in their feces or milk but show no signs of disease. Other animals may get sick then recover but continue to shed the agent even though signs of disease have resolved. The agent may be very difficult to identify due to intermittent shedding. Stress associated with shipment or illness and environmental or nutritional stress may result in shedding the agent or full blown disease. Salmonella may be present in unpasteurized milk, feces, blood or body tissues. Cleaning and sanitation of animal facilities and equipment decreases the number of bacteria in the animal's environment. Isolation of new animals provides an opportunity to evaluate the animal for presence of this agent and allows an adjustment period for the stress of a new feed, new housing and new neighbors.

30. Communicable Disease Fact Sheet salmonellosis. Version en español. What is salmonellosis? salmonellosisis a bacterial infection that generally affects http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/communicable_diseases/en/salmon.htm

Return to Communicable Disease Home Page From the ... What's New Salmonellosis What is salmonellosis? Salmonellosis is a bacterial infection that generally affects the intestinal tract and occasionally the bloodstream. It is one of the more common causes of gastroenteritis with several thousand cases occurring in New York State each year. Most cases occur in the summer months and are seen as single cases, clusters or outbreaks. Who gets salmonellosis? Any person can get salmonellosis, but it is recognized more often in infants and children. How are salmonella bacteria spread? Salmonella are spread by eating or drinking contaminated food or water or by contact with infected people or animals. What are the symptoms of salmonellosis? People exposed to the salmonella may experience mild or severe diarrhea, fever and occasionally vomiting. Bloodstream infections can be quite serious, particularly in the very young or elderly. How soon after exposure do symptoms appear? The symptoms generally appear one to three days after exposure. Where are salmonella found?

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32. Bovine Herd Salmonellosis Bovine Herd salmonellosis. Version 2 Written 3/1/99 Updated February 23, 2004.Contents Return to Contents List. Tackling Herd salmonellosis Problems. http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/courses-jmgay/FDIUHerdSalmonella.htm

Home College of Veterinary Medicine Washington State University John Gay, DVM PhD DACVPM ACE Field Disease Investigation Unit Bovine Herd Salmonellosis Version 2 Written 3/1/99 Updated February 23, 2004 Contents Purpose and Note on Changing Salmonella Nomenclature Tackling Herd Salmonellosis Problems (11 factors to keep in mind) Review of Salmonella typhimurium Evidence from Outbreaks of Other Salmonellas Literature References ... On-Line Resources Purpose and Note on Changing Salmonella Nomenclature The purpose of this webpage is to provide students and practitioners an on-line review on Salmonella enteritica , some pointers on dealing with herd outbreaks of salmonellosis, and links to other resources. These materials are updated from presentations at veterinary practitioner conferences and the associated proceedings. These conferences include the University of Minnesota Dairy Health Conference, May 22, 1997, and the 31st Annual Conference of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, September 26, 1998. This webpage is not intended to provide herd-specific advice and may not reflect the current state of the veterinary literature. Changing Salmonella Nomenclature For those practitioners searching and reading the clinical literature, the following may reduce some confusion about the changing nomenclature of salmonella. Molecular biology research is providing a better understanding of the organism, one result being a better understanding of how the various serotypes are genetically related. While the serogrouping is based on the phenotypic expression of particular O and H antigens, molecular methods are based on the organism's genotype. Findings from these molecular methods are being integrated into the understanding of the relationships between these organisms. In the meantime, the same organism may have two different names in the scientific literature. The common salmonella serotypes of concern to bovine practitioners (e.g.

33. Vm.cfsan.fda.gov/cgi-bin/bbbglos?Salmonella=Food=Poisoning FDA/CFSAN Bad Bug Book Salmonella spp. Other forms of salmonellosis generally produce milder symptoms. Reported cases ofsalmonellosis in the US excluding typhoid fever for the years 1988 to 1995. http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/cgi-bin/bbbglos?Salmonella=Food=Poisoning

34. Salmonellosis salmonellosis is a bacterial infection that generally affects the intestinal tractand occasionally the bloodstream. salmonellosis. What is salmonellosis? http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/955151895.html

Search Articles: search tips Please Take the HealthLink Survey Email this article Print this article Find related articles: By topic: Digestive System Infections/Infectious Diseases By keywords: diarrhea salmonella salmonellosis Receive Health Link via email! Subscribe now >> Salmonellosis What is salmonellosis? Salmonellosis is a bacterial infection that generally affects the intestinal tract and occasionally the bloodstream. It is one of the more common causes of diarrheal illness in Wisconsin with over a thousand cases reported each year. Who gets salmonellosis? Any person can get salmonellosis. How are salmonella bacteria spread? Salmonella are spread by eating or drinking contaminated food or water or by direct or indirect contact with fecal material from infected people or animals. What are the symptoms of salmonellosis? People exposed to salmonella bacteria may experience mild to severe diarrhea, abdominal pains, fever, and occasionally vomiting for several days. Bloodstream infections are infrequent but can be quite serious, particularly in the very young or elderly. How soon after exposure do symptoms appear?

35. Salmonellosis salmonellosis . Salmonella is a bacterium of which there are a numberof species. Any species of bird can be affected by salmonellosis. http://www.tuxford.dabsol.co.uk/masterbreeder/chap9/chap9salmon15.htm

"Salmonellosis" Salmonella is a bacterium of which there are a number of species. They are transmitted by faecal contamination, infected birds, rodents and human carriers or by direct contact with infected birds. Laying hens can pass Salmonella to the egg as a result of infected ovaries and embryos may become infected by faecal contamination of the egg during incubation. Salmonella are extremely resistant and live for extended periods of time outside the host. Wood surfaces and dirt floors suit them fine. Any species of bird can be affected by Salmonellosis. It is highly infectious as well as highly virulent. Mortality may reach 90 to 100%. Incubation Deaths usually begin within a few days but can occur up to two weeks after contamination. Clinical Signs Sudden death. Rapid spread throughout the aviary. Depression. Anorexia. Shivering. Rapid weight loss. Watery yellow-green droppings. Bloody faeces. Carriers may be a symptomatic and difficult to detect without a faeces culture. Even then, multiple samples may be needed because false negatives do occur. As Salmonella may be found in any body organ, these birds can pass the infection through the egg, through faeces in the nest box, or by feeding, causing high numbers of dead in shell or weak failing chicks. Treatment And Control Antibiotics are effective in slowing the spread of Salmonella in the flock and they may help in decreasing mortality but once a bird has it, it is highly unlikely that it will ever be cured.

36. Salmonellosis. salmonellosis is a form of gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella bacteria.Eating undercooked poultry salmonellosis. salmonellosis is a http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Salmonellosis?Ope

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38. ZOONOTIC DISEASES salmonellosis. (Salmonella food poisoning, enteric paratyphosis) A common bacterialcause of foodpoisoning worldwide. salmonellosis. (Enteric paratyphosis) http://research.ucsb.edu/connect/pro/disease.html

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee ZOONOTIC DISEASES (Text Modified from Document Created by Michael S. Rand, DVM, ACLAM) INTRODUCTION The World Health Organization defines Zoonoses (Zoonosis, sing.) as "Those diseases and infections which are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and man". I. Impact of zoonotic disease Illness Delay or terminate Monetary loss Adverse effect on morale of personnel Unfavorable publicity Medicolegal implications Man-hours lost II. Epidemiologic Concepts Incidental host - not required for the perpetuation of the organism. Link host - bridges the gap between the maintenance host and man. Amplifier host - increases the number of the infective agents (viruses and bacteria) to which man may be exposed. A laboratory animal can be both a link host and an amplifier host. III. Mode of transmission Feces Urine Saliva Blood Milk via aerosol, oral, contact with bedding or animals, etc. IV. The probability of disease transmission from animals to man is influenced by several factors: Length of time the animal is infective.

39. Health Salmonellosis Communicable Diseases Fact Sheets. salmonellosis. What is salmonellosis?salmonellosis is a or outbreaks. Who gets salmonellosis? Any http://www.dsf.health.state.pa.us/health/CWP/view.asp?A=171&QUESTION_ID=230569

40. Salmonella Fact Sheet salmonellosis Fact Sheet. PDF Version for this Fact Sheet. salmonellosis isan infection of the intestines caused by bacteria called Salmonella. http://edcp.org/factsheets/salmon.html

EDCP Mission/Vision General Information on Bioterrorism Bioterrorism Information for Health Care Providers Fact Sheets ... ImmuNet Salmonellosis Fact Sheet PDF Version for this Fact Sheet Salmonellosis is an infection of the intestines caused by bacteria called Salmonella Anyone can get a Salmonella infection The risk is highest in infants and young children. However, people of all ages can catch Salmonella . Illness is usually worse in very young and very old people. Salmonella bacteria are found in some raw foods and in feces (stool) The bacteria can be found in foods such as raw chicken, turkey, beef, pork, other meat, eggs, and unpasteurized milk products. Infected people and animals, especially reptiles (like iguanas and turtles), ducks, and chickens can also have Salmonella in their feces. Infected people may spread the bacteria to others through their feces for several weeks or more, even after they feel better.

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