41. Craniosynostosis What is metopic synostosis? The metopic suture begins at the nose and continuessuperiorly to meet the sagittal suture. What is sagittal synostosis? http://www.pedisurg.com/PtEduc/Craniosynostosis.htm

CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS What is craniofacial surgery? Craniofacial surgery is a surgical subspecialty developed by Paul Tessier thirty years ago in France. It involves surgery of the skull and face for tumors, trauma, and congenital deformities. For many years, the severity of these conditions was thought too risky for surgical intervention. Tessier, a surgeon himself, challenged this belief and began building the foundation of craniofacial surgery. In doing so, he recognized that this complex form of surgery could only be performed by a specially trained surgeon who was supported by a highly skilled team. The surgical team at Hermann Children's Hospital includes a pediatric neurosurgeon and craniofacial surgeon as well as a specialized anesthesiologist. The neurosurgeon works on the skull and the craniofacial surgeon on the face. With both areas being closely related the combined approach offers the best possible results with the highest level of safety. What is craniosynostosis? Diagram of skull, showing location of fontanelles and sutures The skull of an infant is made up of free-floating bones separated by fibers called sutures. This arrangement allows the infant's head to pass through the birth canal and also enables the skull to grow with the brain in early infancy.

42. Thursday, 1 April – 9 Thursday, 1 April – 9.10am. Age of Referral in sagittal synostosis– Implications for Management. Mr C Duncan, Mr A Gibbons, Mr http://science.uwe.ac.uk/car/csgbi-conference2004/Abstract book.htm

Thursday, 1 April – Age of Referral in Sagittal Synostosis – Implications for Management Mr C Duncan, Mr A Gibbons, Mr I Sharpe, Mr A Monaghan, Mr H Nishikawa, Mr G Solanki, Mr MS Dover. Sagittal synostosis which presents as scaphocephally has an incidence of 1 in 4000 births and is the most common craniosynotosis. Traditional management involves a strip craniectomy performed at 6 months of age however recent data has questioned the efficacy of this regime and suggests that earlier treatment is required in order to achieve a normal cephalic index when calvarial growth is completed. Surgical management of patients with scaphocephally older than 12 months requires calvarial remodelling and a normal cephalic index is rarely achieved. The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of patients presenting to our unit with sagittal synostosis at an age at which optimum treatment could be offered. A retrospective review of 28 patients referred to our unit with scaphocephally showed that 50% were seen at a median age of 7 months while the remainder were seen at a median age of 23 months. A prospective study of new patient referrals with scaphocephally conducted over 1 year confirmed this pattern with 50% of patients seen for the first time at a median age of 13 months. In conclusion, most patients with sagittal synostosis present too late for simple treatment. The implications and possible solutions will be discussed.

43. Washington University: Pediatric Neurosurgery / Clinical Programs: Craniosynosto of age. sagittal synostosis If the sagittal suture of the skull closesprematurely, the head becomes long and narrowed. There is http://pedns.wustl.edu/cranioclinic.htm

Clinical Programs : Craniosynostosis Clinic During the first few years of life, the child's head is growing and changing. The skull, composed of the thin bones of the vault and the thicker bones at the cranial base, are adapting and accomodating the developing and expanding brain. This growth is quite rapid during the first 18 months of life, and continues for some years more. The growth and shape of the skull can be affected by many factors - some externally applied, some the result of problems with the brain, and some the result of direct abnormalities of the skull's development. The Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery is actively involved in the evaluation and treatment of the various abnormalities of skull growth and shape. These problems are diagnosed with a combination of clinical evaluation and radiographic imaging techniques . Many of the misshapen heads seen by our department are the result of positional plagiocephaly (deformation), and do not require surgical treatment. We have experienced orthotists available to assist in the molding helmet correction of these problems without surgery. If surgery is required, the members of the department are skilled in the various surgical techniques used for remodeling and reconstruction of the skull. Even the most complex cranio-facial surgeries are routinely undertaken, taking advantage of our experienced surgical and post-surgical teams, including the pediatric neuro-anesthesiologists and pediatric intensive care unit staff. Our surgeons work in conjunction with the plastic surgeons of the St. Louis Children's Hospital Craniofacial Team on cases of severe malformations of the face and skull and those associated with other syndromes (such as Apert's and Crouzon's syndromes).

44. The Differential Diagnosis Of Abnormal Head Shapes: Separating Craniosynostosis head shape that may cause diagnostic confusion the spectrum of metopic synostosis;the dolichocephaly of prematurity versus sagittal synostosis; and the http://cpcj.allenpress.com/cpcjonline/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1597/1545-156

45. Presurgical And Postsurgical Mental And Psychomotor Development Of Infants With 34, No. 5, pp. 374–379. Presurgical and Postsurgical Mental and PsychomotorDevelopment of Infants with sagittal synostosis. Matthew http://cpcj.allenpress.com/cpcjonline/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1597/1545-156

46. CCDD: Family: Education: Topics Rebuilding a Face After Cancer Surgery; sagittal synostosis; sagittal synostosis head to grow in a front to back direction, leading to a narrow elongated head. http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/craniofacial/Education/Topics.cfm?Category=Family

47. CCDD: References: Links: Craniosynostosis Conditions in PRS. sagittal synostosis Home Page, Skull is long and narrow Scaphocephaly.sagittal synostosis Homepage, Scaphocephaly, dolicocephaly http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/craniofacial/References/LinkList.cfm?Category=All

48. Dylan Diagnosis sagittal synostosis. WEB URL Remarks . 1st PRAYER REQUEST Date 1118-03Dylan was diagnosed with sagittal synostosis when he was ten days old. http://www.kidsneedprayer.net/dylan.html

DYLAN Had surgery on Oct 20, 2003! Doing well! - Keep praying! Parents: Sisters: Haley and Caleigh City/State: New Mexico Diagnosis: Sagittal Synostosis Age: 4 Months Old Birthday: July 13, 2003 Contact : Elaine E-Mail: elaine_ulibarri@yahoo.com WEB URL: Remarks: 1st PRAYER REQUEST: Date Dylan was diagnosed with Sagittal Synostosis when he was ten days old. His surgery is tenatively scheduled for November of 2003. I would like to have information on Sagittal Synostosis. God bless, Elaine Update: I just spoke with Mom Elaine, and she told me that his surgery was on October 20, 2003, and that he is doing well. Please continue to pray for Dylan's complete healing, and his protection. God bless, Grampa Jim Graphics by Clugstons Creations by Jim Dove NOTE: WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE AUTHORS Some materials used by permission of their respective author

49. Molding Helmet Therapy In The Management Of Sagittal Synostosis. Craniofacial Re references J Craniofac Surg. 2002 Sep;13(5)6315. Molding helmettherapy in the management of sagittal synostosis. Seymour-Dempsey http://viagenbio.com/ref-surgery-3/surgery-3-research-abs6.708.html

DreamPharm Products: Lutein-20 Herbs for headache, fever, and migraine Milk thistle Saw palmetto ... contraceptive and related online research references J Craniofac Surg. 2002 Sep;13(5):631-5. Molding helmet therapy in the management of sagittal synostosis. Seymour-Dempsey K, Baumgartner JE, Teichgraeber JF, Xia JJ, Waller AL, Gateno J. Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. PMID:_12218789 J Craniofac Surg. 2002 Sep;13(5):650-7. Craniofacial reconstruction with computer-generated HTR patient-matched implants: use in primary bony tumor excision. Eppley BL. Division of Plastic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. beppleupui.edu PMID:_12218793 J Craniofac Surg. 2002 Sep;13(5):664-9. Study of asymmetries of the cranial vault in plagiocephaly. Besson A, Pellerin P, Doual A. Cranio-Facial Morphology Laboratory, Faculty of Odontology, Hopital Roger Salengro, Lille, France. PMID:_12218795 J Craniofac Surg. 2002 Sep;13(5):670-5. A case of synovial chondromatosis of the TMJ: treatment based on stage of the disease.

50. Subject Index, Right sagittal synostosis, Total calvarial reconstruction for sagittal synostosisin older infants and children J Neurosurg Abstract PDF (789K), http://www.thejns-net.org/si/si_S.html

In this index in alphabetical order are listed keywords of all articles and letters. Names which begin with a prefix are entered under the prefix. S S phase Detection of proliferating S-phase brain tumor cells by in situ DNA replication [ J Neurosurg Abstract Full Text PDF (469K) S-1 lamina Management of low lumbar fractures by dorsal decompression, fusion, and lumbosacral laminar distraction fixation [ J Neurosurg Spine Abstract Full Text PDF (99K) S-100 protein Differences in critical cerebral blood flow with age in swine [ J Neurosurg Abstract PDF (388K) Spinal malignant nerve-sheath tumor or cellular schwannoma? A striking difference in prognosis [ J Neurosurg Abstract PDF (543K) Serial S-100 protein serum measurements related to early magnetic resonance imaging after minor head injury [ J Neurosurg Abstract PDF (172K) Fatal secondary increase in serum S-100B protein after severe head injury [ J Neurosurg Abstract Full Text PDF (58K) Does administration of recombinant human erythropoietin attenuate the increase of S-100 protein observed in cerebrospinal fluid after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage? [ J Neurosurg Abstract Full Text PDF (150K) S-100 Localized hypertrophic mononeuropathy involving spinal roots and associated with sacral meningocele [ J Neurosurg Abstract PDF (672K) S-100 protein family Expression of members of the calcium-binding S-100 protein family in a rat model of cerebral basilar artery vasospasm [ J Neurosurg Abstract Full Text PDF (1415K) S-2 dorsal neuroforamina Management of low lumbar fractures by dorsal decompression, fusion, and lumbosacral laminar distraction fixation [

51. Cranial Technologies, Inc., Manufacturer Of The DOC Band, An Preliminary Results and New Treatment Protocol for Cranial Banding Following EndoscopicAssistedCraniectomy for sagittal synostosis This study describes how http://www.cranialtech.com/ParentsArea/researcharticles.html

Discussion Board Photo Album Calendar Resources Decorating Parents' Pages Library News Articles Links If you would like a full copy of any of the articles below, please utilize our Contact Form to submit your request. Please include the article title and the journal name in your request. References About Positional Plagiocephaly View and obtain information about our comprehensive list of all research articles related to the subject of positional plagiocephaly. Car Seats, Infant Carriers, and Swings: Their Role in Deformational Plagiocephaly This study demonstrates the association of extended use of car seats, carriers, and swings and the development of deformational plagiocephaly. Littlefield TR, Kelly KM, Reiff JL, Pomatto JK; Journal of Prothestics and Orthotics July 2003; 15:3; 102-106. (pdf file) Is One Twin at Greater Risk? This study confirmed that the infant carried lower in the uterus was at greater risk for both plagiocephaly and torticollis. Littlefield TR, Kelly KM,Pomatto JK, Beals SP; Pediatrics (pdf file) News Release from AAP (online link) Diagnosis and Management of Positional Plagiocephaly A great A-Z summary of plagiocephaly, what causes it and treatment options. Written in lay terms with some wonderful handouts for repositioning and neck stretching exercises. Littlefield TR, Reiff JL, Rekate, HL.

52. Johns Hopkins Epidemiology Of Cranio About 810% of coronal synostosis patients have a positive family history of thedisorder, but only about 2% of sagittal synostosis present as familial forms http://www.cappskids.org/EpidemiologyOfCranio.htm

CAPPS THE ORGANIZATION SUPPORT CAPPS GUARDIAN ANGELS PAGE CAPPS AWARENESS EVENTS ... HELPFUL LINKS CLICK LOGO FOR ITEMS OF INTEREST AT AMAZON.COM 6905 Xandu Court Fredericksburg, VA 22407 Cranio: 540-786-9563 Plagio: 845-454-5902 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS OF CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS Few epidemiologic studies of craniosynostosis have been performed. Reported incidence varies from 3-5 per 10,000 (Cohen, 1986) to as high as 10 per 10,000 (French et al., 1990). These discrepancies may be due to different methods of ascertainment, i.e., surgical (Lammer et al., 1997) vs. medical cases, or may result from different diagnostic criteria used to differentiate between isolated and syndromic cases. Prospective analysis of 29,235 births in a single hospital identified 18 cases over an 8 year period, yielding a birth prevalence of 6 per 10,000 for isolated non-syndromic cases (Shuper et al., 1985). Epidemiologic study conducted in Western Australia between 1980-1994 documented prevalence of 5.02 per 10,000 births (Singer et al., 1999). Most commonly non-syndromic craniosynostosis occur sporadically. About 8-10% of coronal synostosis patients have a positive family history of the disorder, but only about 2% of sagittal synostosis present as familial forms (Hunter and Rudd, 1976; 1977; Shuper et al., 1985). However, some of the patients with coronal synostosis may have been misdiagnosed as non-syndromic, due to the extreme variability of some Mendelian syndromes.

53. Sagittal Synostosis sagittal synostosis Tanner Buckner (before) sagittal synostosis Tanner s PicturesBefore click on the picture to view a larger image side view top view. http://www.fortunecity.com/millenium/greendale/231/buckner/before.html

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54. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Musculoskeletal_Di Devin s Craniosynostosis Devin was born with a condition called Craniosynostosis(sagittal synostosis) and underwent surgery (craniotomy or craniectomy), at http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Musculoskel

Match: sort by: relevance date Free Services Subscribe by email RSS newsfeeds PDA-friendly format loc="/images/" A A A Find Jobs In: Healthcare Engineering Accounting College Contract / Freelance Customer Service Diversity Engineering Executive Healthcare Hospitality Human Resources Information Tech International Manufacturing Nonprofit Retail All Jobs by Job Type All Jobs by Industry Relocating? Visit: Moving Resources Moving Companies Mortgage Information Mortgage Calculator Real Estate Lookup Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Congenital Anomalies Craniosynostosis (10 links) Support Groups News about Craniosynostosis Chemical Messenger Controls Bone Growth In Embryos, Study Finds (April 3, 2002) full story Children’s Brain Tumors, Other Nervous System Disorders Frequently Treatable (September 29, 2000) full story 12-Year-Old Oregon Girl Is First Child To Receive New Bone Growth Material In Her Skull (August 31, 1999) full story (August 30, 1999) full story [ More news about Craniosynostosis Books about Craniosynostosis Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change.

55. Dictionary Definition Of SAGITTAL SYNOSTOSIS Ingenta Article Summary SPRINGMEDIATED CRANIOPLASTY COMPARED SPRING-MEDIATED CRANIOPLASTY COMPARED WITH THE MODIFIED PI-PLASTY FOR sagittal synostosisScandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand http://www.dictionarybarn.com/SAGITTAL-SYNOSTOSIS.php

Dictionary definition of SAGITTAL SYNOSTOSIS Browse Dictionary by alphabet A B C D ... Z Top Words SA-induced protein kinase saan sabadilla sabal ... sack-winged Origin: Gr. A boat + head. Source: Websters Dictionary Please select first two letters of word you are looking for SA SB SC SD ... SZ fiSearchFormMaxSetId='AX006027'; Top Words Sacks, Benjamin sacrad sacral anaesthesia sacral canal ... Home Sponsored By: Georgia Flights Guam Flights Hawaii Flights

56. Pediatric Cranial Synostosis sagittal synostosis causes elongation and narrowing of the skull that can attaingrotesque proportions in childhood and are only partly mitigated by normal http://www.ohsu.edu/neurosurgery/conditions/synostosis.shtml

What is Neurosurgery? Neurosurgical Services Brain Tumor Cerebrovascular Epilepsy Facial Pain ... Surgical Technology Community Community Neurosurgery In the News News Home Department of Neurological Surgery at OHSU Patient Information - Pediatric Cranial Synostosis Premature ossification of a suture, or synostosis, is sometimes attributed to intrauterine restraint of head growth by twinning or by early engagement of the head in the pelvis. It is commonly seen in craniofacial disorders such as Crouzon, Apert, Pfeiffer, or Saethrre-Chotzen syndromes, or in the setting of fetal exposure to phenytoin, valproic acid, or other teratogens. Most often, however, there is no identifiable cause. Sporadic cases typically involve a single suture; syndromic cases typically demonstrate more complex, multi-sutural involvement, often bilateral coronal synostosis. The expansion of the head is driven from within by growth of the brain, and craniosynostosis causes deformity by restricting expansion of the head in the dimension perpendicular to the affected suture. Compensatory pressure by the growing brain results in expansion, or bossing, in adjacent areas of the skull. The characteristic patterns of deformity caused by synostosis of each individual suture are readily recognized by the trained eye. Thus, physical examination is the gold standard for evaluation of this problem.

57. Wayne Ozaki, MD, DDS--Publications Closures Surgical Forum, Volume 48 2703, 1997 Buchman, SR and Ozaki, W. ThreeDimensional Micro-Analysis of Human sagittal synostosis Craniofacial Surgery http://www.ohsu.edu/surgery/URS/FACULTY/WOpub.shtml

Wayne Ozaki, MD, DDS Home Division Page PUBLICATIONS Ozaki, W., Abubaker, A.O., Sotereanos, G.S., Patterson, G.T., "Cervicofacial Actinomycoses Following Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy: A Case Report" Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 50: 649-652, 1992 Ozaki, W. and Buchman, S.R., "Characterization of the Biologic Principles Determining the Fate of Onlay Bone Grafting of the Craniofacial Skeleton" Surgical Forum, Volume 47: 731-733, 1996 Sandler, N.A., Ozaki, W.H., Ochs, M.W., Marion, D.W., "Intracranial Reduction of an Intact Mandibular Condyle Displaced into the Middle Cranial Fossa." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 54: 506-10, 1996 Ozaki, W. and Buchman, S.R., "A Comparison of Rigid Titanium Plates to Stainless Steel Wires in Median Sternotomy Closures: A Biomechanical Study in Human Cadavers" Plastic Surgery Forum, Volume 20: 291-3, 1997 Ozaki, W. and Buchman, S.R., "An Analysis of the Ultrastructure and Resorptive Pattern of Cancellous Onlay Bone Grafts in the Craniofacial Skeleton" Plastic Surgery Forum, Volume 20: 423-5, 1997

58. CRANIOFACIAL CONDITIONS : Contact A Family - For Families With Disabled Children Most common (45 per cent) is sagittal synostosis, which gives a long, narrow head;next most frequent is coronal synostosis (20 per cent), which may affect one http://www.cafamily.org.uk/Direct/c78.html

printer friendly CRANIOFACIAL CONDITIONS home more about us in your area conditions information ... how you can help search this site Did you find this page helpful? yes no Abnormalities of skull shape can arise either from external pressure exerted on the head in early life, or from intrinsic abnormalities of growth. The most common intrinsic abnormality of skull growth is called craniosynostosis, which affects about 1 in 2,500 children. Craniosynostosis is the medical term for the premature closure of one or more of the seams between the skull bones. As the brain grows during fetal life and childhood, the overlying skull also enlarges by adding new bone at these seams, which are termed sutures. The major sutures are the midline metopic (at the front) and sagittal (at the top) sutures, and the paired coronal and lambdoid sutures. The coronal sutures run across the skull in front of the ears, crossing the junction of the metopic and sagittal sutures; the lambdoid sutures divide from the back end of the sagittal suture and run obliquely forwards to end up behind the each ear. The remaining 20 per cent of craniosynostosis is more complex and either involves the fusion of multiple sutures (5 per cent), and/or is combined with additional changes in the face, limbs or other parts of the body, indicating a 'syndrome' (15 per cent). Over 100 craniosynostosis syndromes have been described, most of which are extremely rare; the most common syndromes are Crouzon, Pfeiffer, Apert, Muenke, Saethre-Chotzen and craniofrontonasal syndromes. In these complex cases, there may be additional problems with the vision, breathing, hearing, teeth, learning development, facial appearance and malformation of the limbs and other organs.

59. Craniofacial Surgery...David Herz, M.D. This is sagittal synostosis, where the suture along the top of the head closesprematurely. It produces an abnormally shaped head termed scaphocephaly. http://www.drherz.com/C_OurPractice/C33_Craniofacial.html

What is craniofacial surgery? Craniofacial surgery consists of operations on the soft tissues and bones in the head and face. These operations are done primarily on children born with abnormal shapes of the head and face. Sometimes such surgery is done in patients suffering with tumors, injuries or other disorders. Why is it done? The most common reason for doing craniofacial surgery is to correct abnormal head and face shapes, which certain children are born with or develop after birth. This is due to craniosynostosis. What is Craniosynostosis? In this disorder, a child presents with a characteristic deformity of the head, or head and face. It is typically an intrauterine (inside the womb) event. This is probably due to a misdirected message from a gene. It is not due to a defect in parents. Sometimes, postnatal (after birth) synostosis can occur as well. There are rare cases where this is due to inborn errors of metabolism where the body chemicals affect bone growth abnormally. Figure 1 In babies, the skull bone is not one large vault as we see in adults. Rather, there are numerous bones (

60. CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS sagittal synostosis refers to premature closing of the midlinesuture that runs from front to back of the skull. This results http://www.forwardface.org/misc_text/conditions/cranio.htm

CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS Craniosynostosis is a condition that children are either born with or develop. It literally means fusion of the skull bones and may occur singularly or as part of a genetic syndrome. At birth, the human skull is not a solid mass of bone. Rather, soft spots or sutures separate the seven bones that comprise the skull. These separations allow for brain growth. When one or more of these sutures close prematurely, the result is called a craniosynostosis condition. The deformity that results depends on which suture(s) is involved. What actually happens is that as a baby grows, the brain increases rapidly in size. When the suture(s) fuse, there is no room for the brain to develop at that area. This growth inhibition is compensated for by overgrowth in another area resulting in an abnormally shaped skull. Types of Craniosynostosis (a) Isolated craniosynostosis is non-inherited and usually involves only one suture. Sagittal synostosis refers to premature closing of the midline suture that runs from front to back of the skull. This results in an elongated and narrow skull shape called scaphocephaly Metopic synostosis refers to the early closing of the forehead suture.

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