81. Retinoblastoma retinoblastoma is the commonest eye tumor in childhood. retinoblastoma What is retinoblastoma? retinoblastoma is a cancer of the eye in children. http://health.indiamart.com/eye-care/retinoblastoma.html

You Can Advertise Here HealthCare Eye Care Retinoblastoma What is retinoblastoma? Retinoblastoma is a cancer of the eye in children. It originates from the retina , the light sensitive layer, in eye. It is the commonest eye tumor of the eye in childhood. . This tumor may involve one (75% of cases) or both (25% of cases) eyes in a child. Untreated, retinoblastoma is almost always fatal, hence the importance of early diagnosis and treatment Is it hereditary? Yes in some cases it may be hereditary. Majority of cases (90%) has no family history of such disease; while a small percentage (10%) of newly diagnosed cases have other family members with retinoblastoma. Of all the cases of retinoblastoma, in 60% of cases it does not get transmitted to the next generation, while in 40% of cases it may get transmitted in the next generation. Therefore it is important to have a genetic counseling before having a baby to determine the risk of another child getting the same disease. Also, the siblings and children of the patients with retinoblastoma should be examined periodically in their childhood to detect any possible tumor early. What are the symptoms of retinoblastoma?

82. Retinoblastoma: BC Cancer Agency Eye or Orbital retinoblastoma Print Wizard Print this Page. Cancer of the eyeball arising from the retina; Most common eye malignancy http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/PPI/TypesofCancer/EyeorOrbital/Retinoblastoma/

Agency Links: Home Contact Us Legal Privacy ... Eye or Orbital Retinoblastoma Eye or Orbital Retinoblastoma Diagnosis Etiology Prevention Symptoms ... Treatment Eye or Orbital - Retinoblastoma Print Wizard Print this Page The genetic basis of this disorder is becoming much better understood Print Wizard Print this Page The BC Cancer Agency is a part of the Provincial Health Services Authority If you notice a problem with this page, please report it via the Bug Report Form . Thank you. Unofficial document if printed . Please refer to the following web address for up-to-date information:

83. Retinoblastoma CT examination Unenhanced, axial scan The right eyeball is obviously enlarged, and a hyperdense growth of irregular shape with a relatively sharp contour can http://www.szote.u-szeged.hu/radio/szem/afog10a.htm

CT examination: Unenhanced, axial scan: The right eyeball is obviously enlarged, and a hyperdense growth of irregular shape with a relatively sharp contour can be seen in it (arrow).

84. Retinoblastoma retinoblastoma. eye033.jpg (60262 bytes). This cross section of the eyeball demonstrates a large white mass pushing into the vitreous. This is a retinoblastoma. http://medgen.genetics.utah.edu/photographs/pages/retinoblastoma.htm

retinoblastoma This cross section of the eyeball demonstrates a large white mass pushing into the vitreous. This is a retinoblastoma. This is what is seen as white on the fundusocopic examination. Retinoblastoma is one of the "small blue cell tumors" of childhood. Necrosis and dystrophic calcification are commonly seen within this tumor. At low magnification, two small calcification can be seen below center. Retinoblastoma is one of the "small blue cell tumors" of childhood. Necrosis and dystrophic calcification are commonly seen within this tumor. The characteristic microscopic pattern is arrangement of the small blue cells into Flexner-Wintersteiner "rosettes" as shown here. Examinations Photographs Movies Links ... noJava Home

85. Moved: The Retinoblastoma Page This page has moved to http//www.cancerindex.org/ccw/guide2r.htm. Please update your bookmarks. Sorry for any inconvenience. http://www.ncl.ac.uk/child-health/guides/guide2r.htm

This page has moved to: http://www.cancerindex.org/ccw/guide2r.htm Please update your bookmarks. Sorry for any inconvenience.

86. Retinoblastoma In Children - Keep Kids Healthy Conditions retinoblastoma is the most common tumor of the eye in children and is often found when checking an infant s red reflex and finding leukocoria (white pupillary http://www.keepkidshealthy.com/welcome/conditions/retinoblastoma.html

Bookstore Site Map Contact Us Help ... What's New? Search this site: Advanced Search Free Newsletters Main Menu Useful Tools Index of Topics Pediatric Problems New! Parenting Tips Symptom Guide Nutrition Immunizations ... Web Links Online Resources What's New Reviews New! Growth Charts Online Forums Vaccine Schedule Baby Names Guide ... Height Calculator Newsletters: Subscribe to get free news, tips and updates. Recommend Us tell a friend about us or email this page to a friend Main Diseases and Conditions Retinoblastoma Although uncommon and occurring in only 1 in 18,000 to 20,000 live births, retinoblastoma is the most common tumor of the eye and usually occurs in the first few years of a child's life and most cases (90%) occur before age 5. Although not as common, older children can get retinoblastoma too, and they usually complain of eye pain or decreased vision in the affected eye. Retinoblastoma is responsible for causing 5% of the cases of childhood blindness. There is a tumor suppressor gene on the long arm of chromosome 13 and it is the retinoblastoma gene. The presence of this gene helps to suppress retinoblastoma from forming by forming a protein that is though to help regulate cell growth. If both copies of the gene are mutated or absent, then retinoblastoma can form. In familial or genetic forms of retinoblastoma, one copy of the defective gene is usually inherited and the other one becomes mutated. In non hereditary cases of retinoblastoma, both genes become mutated. Retinoblastoma is commonly found during routine screening in high risk children, specifically newborns that have other family members with retinoblastoma. Other infants are diagnosed when they are found to not have a red reflex (or red eye) during a routine well baby checkup or if the child's eyes appear different in a photograph. Instead, they have leukocoria (cat's eye reflex) or a white pupillary reflex. Later symptoms can include redness or inflammation of the eye, strabismus or abnormalities of the pupil.

87. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Retinoblastoma retinoblastoma. retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor (cancer) of the retina (part of the eye) that generally affects children under the age of 6. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001030.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Retinoblastoma Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Eye Alternative names Return to top Tumor - retina; Cancer - retina Definition Return to top Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor (cancer) of the retina (part of the eye) that generally affects children under the age of 6. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Retinoblastoma occurs when a cell of the growing retina develops a mutation in the RB gene (a tumor suppresser gene). This mutation causes the cell to grow out of control and become cancer. Sometimes this mutation develops in a child whose family has never had eye cancer, but other times the mutation is present in several family members. If the mutation runs in the family, there is a 50% chance that an affected person's children will also have the mutation and a high risk of developing retinoblastoma. One or both eyes may be affected. A visible whiteness in the pupil may be present.

88. Www.noah.cuny.edu/cancer/nci/cancernet/200993.html retinoblastoma Innovations and Patentsretinoblastoma Innovations and Patents. © 2002, XQ23.COM Research. Health Index Bibliograhphic Active compounds Banding analysis http://www.noah.cuny.edu/cancer/nci/cancernet/200993.html

89. Retinoblastoma Phospho-Specific ELISA's And Antibodies retinoblastoma protein (Rb), the tumor suppressor product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene, is a 110 kDa protein that functions as a negative http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Area_of_Interest/Life_Science/Cell_Signaling/Product

Life Science Antibody Explorer Automation Books ... Life Science Quarterly Retinoblastoma Available from Sigma-RBI Tools for Apoptosis and Phosphorylation Research Retinoblastoma protein (Rb), the tumor suppressor product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene, is a 110 kDa protein that functions as a negative regulator of the cell cycle by arresting cells in the G phase and halting inappropriate cell proliferation. At the transcriptional level, Rb protein exerts its growth suppressive function by binding to transcription factors including E2F1, PU.1, ATF2, UBF, Elf-1 (Prod. No. ) and c-Abl. Loss of Rb function leads to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor development and is found in all retinoblastomas and in a variety of other human malignancies including cancers of the breast, lung, colon, prostate, osteosarcomas, soft tissue sarcomas and leukemia. The ability of Rb protein to alter transcription is regulated by phosphorylation, which is catalyzed by the cyclin-dependent protein kinases (cdks). Rb contains at least 16 consensus sequences for cdk phosphorylation, but the significance of all of these sites remains unclear. The dephosphorylation of the Rb protein returns Rb to its active, growth suppressive state. Solid phase Human Rb ELISA (Prod. No

90. Retinoblastoma Terms of Use. retinoblastoma. Definition retinoblastoma. retinoblastoma. Noun. Specialty Definitions retinoblastoma. Domain, Definitions. Health. http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/english/Re/Retinoblastoma.h

Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Retinoblastoma Definition: Retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma Noun . Malignant ocular tumor of retinal cells; usually occurs before the third year of life; composed of primitive small round retinal cells. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Specialty Definitions: Retinoblastoma Domain Definitions Health An eye cancer that most often occurs in children younger than 5 years. It occurs in hereditary and nonhereditary (sporadic) forms. ( references Source: compiled by the editor from various references ; see credits. Top Crosswords: Retinoblastoma Specialty definitions using "retinoblastoma" Genes, Retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma Protein references Top Commercial Usage: Retinoblastoma Domain Title Books Retinoblastoma (Contemporary Issues in Ophthalmology, Vol 2) ( reference Retinoblastoma reference (more book examples) Source: compiled by the editor from various references ; see credits. Top Photo Album: Retinoblastoma Thumbnail Thumbnail This is Gordon Isaacs, the first patient treated with the linear accelerator (radiation therapy) for retinoblastoma in 1957. Gordon's right eye was removed January 11, 1957 because the cancer had spread. His left eye, however, had only a localized tumor that prompted Henry Kaplan to try to treat it with the electron beam. Gordon is now living in the east bay, and his vision in the left eye is normal.Credit: Unknown photographer/artist.

91. MedPix™ Radiology Teaching Files, Cases, And Medical Image Database - Single ACR Codes 2.3 CLINICAL most common intraocular malignancy of childhood; average age at diagnosis 18 mos; congenital retinoblastoma about 1 in 1530K; 25-33 http://rad.usuhs.mil/medpix/medpix.html?mode=single&recnum=73&th=-1

92. Retinoblastoma - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Oncology. retinoblastoma What is retinoblastoma? retinoblastoma is a rare cancer of the retina. The marrow. What causes retinoblastoma? http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/oncology/retino.html

Bone Marrow Transplantation Hematology Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Oncology ... Oncology Oncology Retinoblastoma What is retinoblastoma? Retinoblastoma is a rare cancer of the retina. The retina is the innermost layer of the eye, located at the back of the eye, that receives light and images necessary for vision. About 200 children in the US are diagnosed with this type of cancer each year. It mostly occurs in children under the age of 5; the highest incidence of the disease occurs between infancy and age 2. Both males and females are affected equally. Retinoblastoma can occur in either eye, however, in about 25 to 30 percent of the cases, the tumor is present in both eyes. Retinoblastoma cells can, in rare cases, spread (metastasize) to other areas of the body, including the bone marrow. What causes retinoblastoma? Retinoblastoma occurs due to mutations in a tumor suppressor gene (called RB1) located on chromosome #13. Two mutations (or gene changes) are necessary to "knock-out" this gene, and cause uncontrolled cell growth. In inherited retinoblastoma (40 percent of the cases), the first mutation is inherited from a parent, while the second occurs during the development of the retina. In sporadic retinoblastoma (60 percent of the cases), both mutations occur during development of the retina. Sporadic means "occurs by chance." Alterations in the RB1 gene have also been found in other tumors, including osteosarcoma and breast cancer.

93. Home Quick Links. What is retinoblastoma? Who should be tested? How to submit samples? Home, , About us, , retinoblastoma, , RB1 gene testing, , Submitting samples. http://www.retinoblastomasolutions.org/

"... simpler, less costly and more precise heath care, directly and transparently linked to scientifically validated diagnostic technology." Quick Links What is Retinoblastoma? Who should be tested? How to submit samples? Home ... Site map

94. What Is Retinoblastoma? What is retinoblastoma? retinoblastoma is a rare cancer of the retina; caused by defects (mutations) in the RB1 gene; heritable in http://www.retinoblastomasolutions.org/retinob.html

About us Retinoblastoma gene testing Submit samples ... Links What is Retinoblastoma? Retinoblastoma is: a rare cancer of the retina caused by defects (mutations) in the gene heritable in 40% of families but inherited in only 10% of families Persons with retinoblastoma in BOTH eyes have heritable retinoblastoma and have a mutation in (at least) one copy of the gene. Persons who have retinoblastoma in one eye may have normal genes (85%) or heritable retinoblastoma (15%). Early treatment can save the vision, and the life, of the patient. Molecular testing of blood relatives can determine which other persons in a family are at risk for retinoblastoma. Children found not to carry the family's mutation are not at risk. Children who do carry the gene mutation can be examined frequently for tumors and treated early. Home About us Retinoblastoma gene testing ... Site map

95. Retinoblastoma - Cancer Overview - Greenebaum Cancer Center retinoblastoma is a cancerous tumor of the retina, the thin nerve tissue lining the back of the eye which senses light and forms images. retinoblastoma http://www.umm.edu/cancer/overview/retinoblastoma.htm

UM Greenebaum Cancer Center Request An Appointment About UMGCC... Clinical Trials... ... UMGCC News Related Resources Within UMM Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Program Pediatric Cancer Treatment Team Brain / Nervous System Clinical Trials UM Greenebaum Cancer Center - Cancer Overviews IN THIS OVERVIEW... What Is Retinoblastoma? Risk Factors Symptoms and Diagnosis Stages and Treatment ... Greenebaum Cancer Center Retinoblastoma: What Is Retinoblastoma? Retinoblastoma is a cancerous tumor of the retina, the thin nerve tissue lining the back of the eye which senses light and forms images.The disease occurs most commonly in younger children, usually before the age of five. About 300 children are diagnosed with retinoblastoma each year in the United States. The disease accounts for about 3 percent of childhood cancers. Adults can develop retinoblastoma too, but it is extremely rare. Retinoblastoma may be hereditary or nonhereditary. The hereditary form generally affects younger children and may occur in one or both eyes. A child who has tumors in both eyes almost always has the hereditary form of the disease. Retinoblastoma that occurs in only one eye usually is the nonhereditary form, which is more often found in older children. About 75 percent of cases occur in only one eye, and about 25 percent occur in both eyes. Usually retinoblastoma is confined to the eyes and does not spread to other organs or tissues. If it is found early, it is treatable and the child’s eyesight can often be saved. In rare cases it can spread to the brain or bone marrow and becomes difficult or impossible to treat.

96. Retinoblastoma retinoblastoma. What is it? retinoblastoma is a childhood cancer that occurs in the retina. The retina is the area at the back of the eye that senses light. http://www.hmc.psu.edu/childrens/healthinfo/r/retinoblastoma.htm

97. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Cancer/Eye/Retinob News about retinoblastoma full story. More news about retinoblastoma . Books about retinoblastoma More books about retinoblastoma . http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Cancer/Eye/

Match: sort by: relevance date Free Services Subscribe by email RSS newsfeeds PDA-friendly format loc="/images/" A A A Find Jobs In: Healthcare Engineering Accounting College Contract / Freelance Customer Service Diversity Engineering Executive Healthcare Hospitality Human Resources Information Tech International Manufacturing Nonprofit Retail All Jobs by Job Type All Jobs by Industry Relocating? Visit: Moving Resources Moving Companies Mortgage Information Mortgage Calculator Real Estate Lookup Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Eye Retinoblastoma (32 links) See Also: Health: Conditions and Diseases: Eye Disorders Health: Conditions and Diseases: Genetic Disorders Health: Conditions and Diseases: Rare Disorders Health: Medicine: Medical Specialties: Ophthalmology: Children ... Science: Biology: Cell Biology: Cell Cycle News about Retinoblastoma Rb Protein's Role In Retina Development Is Key To Understanding Devastating Eye Cancer (March 5, 2004) full story Smart Virus Eliminates Brain Cancer In Animal Experiments (May 7, 2003) full story Fetal Death, Miscarriage Linked To Genetic Mutation

98. Retinoblastoma retinoblastoma,. Print this article, the most common intraocular tumour of childhood. The overall incidence of retinoblastoma is 1 in 20,000 live births. http://www.amershamhealth.com/medcyclopaedia/medical/Volume VII/RETINOBLASTOMA.A

Amershamhealth.com Search for: Type a word or a phrase. All forms of the word are searchable. Browse entry words starting with: A B C D ... Other characters Retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular tumour of childhood. The overall incidence of retinoblastoma is 1 in 20,000 live births. There is no sex predilection. This highly malignant tumour is fatal if untreated. It is responsible for 5% of childhood blindness and 1% of paediatric deaths from cancer. Younger children are most at risk. The average age at diagnosis is 13 months, with almost 90% of retinoblastoma tumours presenting before three years of age. 70% of cases are unilateral, and 30% bilateral. Nonhereditary tumours (66% of cases) tend to be solitary and unilateral, and present later than hereditable lesions usually in the second year of life. The retinoblastoma gene (Rb1 gene) is located on chromosome 13, band q14. The hereditary form is autosomal dominant with a 90% penetrance. Children of survivors therefore have a nearly 50% chance of the disease; the tumour is more apt to be bilateral and multifocal. Parents who have produced one child with retinoblastoma run a 47% risk of having a subsequent child with the disease. A white pupillary reflex (leukocoria) is the most common presenting sign and is caused by replacement of the vitreous by the mass. Retinoblastoma is the most common cause of leukocoria accounting for over 50% of cases in most childhood series. Strabismus is another well known presentation. The tumour can occur anywhere along the retina and may grow diffusely within the eye or extend outside the globe.

99. Disease Directory : Cancer : Eye : Retinoblastoma A Parent s Guide to Understanding retinoblastoma Gives a structured overview in a topics format including genetics, classification, diagnosis, treatment and http://www.diseasedirectory.net/Cancer/Eye/Retinoblastoma/default.aspx

Wednesday, June 02, 2004 Cancer Eye Retinoblastoma Diseases ... Eye : Retinoblastoma A Parent's Guide to Understanding Retinoblastoma - Gives a structured overview in a topics format including genetics, classification, diagnosis, treatment and a reference listing. American Cancer Society - Retinoblastoma - Comprehensive overview of risks, causes, prevention, detection, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of retinoblastoma. Antibodies/Cancer Research Antibodies/Anti-Retinoblastoma - Apoptosis Blocking Peptides. Cancer Research Blocking Peptides. Signal Transduction Blocking Peptides. Anti-PTEN (CT). Anti-Retinoblastoma. Anti-S100. Cancer Sites: Retinoblastoma - RETINOBLASTOMA. PEOPLE LIVING WITH CANCER ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) Information Resources Live Chats with Experts. Cancer.gov - Retinoblastoma Home Page Cancer.gov: Retinoblastoma - Information and resources for this conditon. Children's cancers - Retinoblastoma - Quick factsheet about retinoblastoma. Conditions and Diseases/Cancer/Eye/Retinoblastoma - Health Board, Health Board Conditions and Diseases/Cancer/Eye/Retinoblastoma. Cancer.gov: Retinoblastoma pop Information and resources for this condition. Daren's Retinoblastoma Page - A parent's thoughts and feelings about living with and dealing with this childhood cancer.

100. Retinoblastoma - Genetics Home Reference Genetic disorder catalog. retinoblastoma. What is retinoblastoma? retinoblastoma is a later in life. How common is retinoblastoma? http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=retinoblastoma

A service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine Home Search Conditions Genes ... Help Retinoblastoma Related Gene(s) Quick links to this topic NIH Publications National Institutes of Health MedlinePlus Health Information Genes and Disease Genetic disorder summaries Educational resources Information pages Patient support For patients and families Gene Reviews Clinical summary Gene Tests DNA test labs ClinicalTrials.gov Research studies PubMed Recent literature OMIM Genetic disorder catalog Retinoblastoma What is retinoblastoma? Retinoblastoma is a rare type of eye cancer that develops in the retina, which is the part of the eye that detects light and color. Although this disorder can occur at any age, it usually develops in young children. Most cases of retinoblastoma occur in only one eye, but both eyes can be affected. The most common sign of this disorder is a visible whiteness in the normally black pupil (the part of the eye that lets in light). This unusual whiteness is particularly noticeable in photographs taken with a flash. This sign is called "cat's eye reflex" or leukocoria. Other signs and symptoms of retinoblastoma include crossed eyes or eyes that do not point in the same direction (strabismus); persistent eye pain, redness, or irritation; and blindness or poor vision in the affected eye. People with the hereditary form of retinoblastoma may also develop a tumor in the brain called pinealoma. Pinealoma develops in the pineal gland, which is located at the base of the skull. The presence of retinoblastoma and pinealoma together is called trilateral retinoblastoma. People with hereditary retinoblastoma also have an increased risk of developing other types of cancer, such as bone cancer (osteosarcoma), later in life.

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