21. Ogen Indications, Dosage, Storage, Stability - Estropipate - RxList Monographs 2. Treatment of vulval and vaginal atrophy. 3. Treatment of hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, castration or primary ovarian failure. From Our Sponsors. http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/ogen_ids.htm

Estropipate HEALTH LIBRARY ADD/ADHD Allergy Alternative Medicine Arthritis Asthma Beyond Dieting Breast Cancer Cancer Awareness Cardio Health Children's Health Contraception COPD/Emphysema Dental Health Diabetes Elder Care Emergency Room Epilepsy Erectile Dysfunction Eye Care Fertility Fitness Gastrointestinal Health Hair Loss Headache Healthcare Today Healthy Aging HIV and AIDS Infectious Diseases Kidney Health Leukemia Liver Health Lung Cancer Lymphoma Multiple Sclerosis Men's Health Mental Health Nutrition Osteoporosis Sexual Health Skin Health Sleep Disorders Special Events Stroke Teen Health Thyroid Health Urologic Health Vascular Disease Women's Health Workplace Health Health Updates Get the latest health information from leading experts, delivered direct to your email box! HEALTH HEADLINES Advertisement LOW CARB DIET safe for diabetics? INDICATIONS Estrogen drug products are indicated in the: 1. Treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with the menopause. There is no adequate evidence that estrogens are effective for nervous symptoms or depression which might occur during menopause and they should not be used to treat these conditions.

22. Medical Conditions - Reproductive Endocrinology pituitary gland adrenal gland or ovaries. Other causes are primary ovarian failure, resistant ovary syndrome and autoimmune oophoritis. http://www.dpcweb.com/medical/reproductive_endocrinology/anovulatory_cycles.html

Anovulatory Cycles Anovulation (no ovulation) is a disorder in which eggs do not develop properly, or are not released from the follicles of the ovaries. During menopause, anovulation marks the end of a woman's reproductive years. Although menstruation can take place even when ovulation does not occur, anovulation often leads to infrequent menstrual periods (oligomenorrhea). The disorder may result from hormonal imbalances; eating disorders; hypothalamic dysfunction; hyperprolactinemia; polycystic ovary syndrome; luteal phase defects; or tumors of the pituitary gland adrenal gland or ovaries. Other causes are primary ovarian failure, resistant ovary syndrome and autoimmune oophoritis Diagnostic test may include Serum assays LH (on days 13 and 15 of menstrual cycle, to detect midcycle peak) FSH Progesterone Prolactin DHEA-SO Testosterone and SHBG (for obtaining Free Androgen Index [FAI] or calculated free testosterone levels) CT scan or MRI scan of pituitary and hypothalamus Endometrial biopsy Ovarian biopsy Specific antibody tests Treatment Treatments vary based on the underlying cause of the condition. In general, they include the following:

23. ANZJM Vol. 30 No. 1 February 2000 - Editorials Fertil Steril 1995; 64 7405. Coulam CB. The prevalence of autoimmune disorders among patients with primary ovarian failure. Am http://www.racp.edu.au/anzjm/fe00ed3.htm

Vol. 30 No. 1 February 2000 Editorials X chromosome defects and premature ovarian failure Communications to: Research Centre in Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Women's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. Email: a.shelling@auckland.ac.nz Two articles in this issue of the Journal by Driscoll et al. ) and McAuley et al ) describe patients with premature ovarian failure (POF) with associated defects on the X chromosome which offer insights into the aetiology of this complex disorder. POF is characterised by secondary amenorrhoea, hypoestrogenism, and elevated gonadotrophins in women under the age of 40 years. It is a common condition and occurs in 1% of women under the age of 40 years, and will affect 0.1% of women before the age of 30 years.( ) POF is becoming a challenging issue for couples, particularly as women delay having families until later in life. Two significant consequences of POF are the loss of fertility, and the clinical effects of hypoestrogenism. Low levels of oestrogen from a young age appear to increase the risk of osteoporosis and coronary heart disease.( POF is clearly a heterogeneous disorder, and only a few causes can be identified.(

24. Entrez PubMed oocyte donation program was performed. None of the 23 patients with primary ovarian failure ovulated. Seven of 63 (11.1%) with secondary http://www.biomedcentral.com/pubmed/3141855

Entrez PubMed Nucleotide Protein ... Books Search PubMed Protein Nucleotide Structure Genome Books CancerChromosomes 3D Domains Domains Gene GEO GEO DataSets HomoloGene Journals MeSH NCBI Web Site OMIM PMC PopSet SNP Taxonomy UniGene UniSTS for Limits Preview/Index History Clipboard ... Text Version Entrez PubMed Overview FAQ Tutorial New/Noteworthy ... E-Utilities PubMed Services Journals Database MeSH Database Single Citation Matcher Batch Citation Matcher ... Cubby Related Resources Order Documents NLM Gateway TOXNET Consumer Health ... PubMed Central Summary Brief Abstract Citation ASN.1 MEDLINE XML UI List LinkOut Related Articles Cited in Books CancerChrom Links Domain Links 3D Domain Links GEO DataSet Links Gene Links Genome Links GEO Links HomoloGene Links Nucleotide Links OMIM Links PMC Links Cited in PMC PopSet Links Protein Links SNP Links Structure Links UniSTS Links Show: Sort Author Journal Pub Date Text File Clipboard E-mail Order Obstet Gynecol. 1988 Dec;72(6):926-8. Related Articles, Links Spontaneous and pharmacologically induced remissions in patients with premature ovarian failure. Kreiner D, Droesch K, Navot D, Scott R, Rosenwaks Z.

25. Society : - Leukemia Young girls who have had radiation are at risk for primary ovarian failure. The effect of radiation on the ovaries is dependent on age and dosage. http://www.leukemia-lymphoma.org/all_mat_toc.adp?item_id=9965

26. RxMed: Pharmaceutical Information - HUMEGON of ovulation and pregnancy in females infertile due to anovulation where the cause of anovulation is functional and not due to primary ovarian failure. http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b2.pharmaceutical/b2.1.monographs/CPS- Monographs/CP

HUMEGON® Organon Human Gonadotropin Human Gonadotropins Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Humegon (human gonadotropin) is a purified preparation of gonadotropins extracted from the urine of post menopausal and pregnant women. It contains follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), both of which are necessary for the normal gamete maturation (follicle ripening in the female and spermatogenesis in the male) and for gonadal steroid production. Unlike menotropins, human gonadotropin is standardized with hCG. Human gonadotropin is used to stimulate these processes in selected cases of disturbed gonadal function. It is generally used in combination with a gonadotropin with LH activity, such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The combined treatment may be either sequential (in the case of ovulation induction) or concomitant (in the case of Leydig cell stimulation). tag_IndicationsIndications Indications And Clinical Uses: Women: Human gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) given sequentially are indicated for the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in females infertile due to anovulation where the cause of anovulation is functional and not due to primary ovarian failure. Men: Human gonadotropin and concomitant hCG is indicated for the stimulation of spermatogenesis in males with primary or secondary hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

27. The Survival Guide To Obstetrics & Gynaecology Primary or secondary Amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea - Physiological pregnancy lactation menopause - Pathological primary ovarian failure secondary ovarian http://www.fleshandbones.com/guides/obgyn.cfm

Log in Register now You are here: Home Survival Guides Author: Nicola Campbell What's it all about? Conditions you will be asked about in your first week Abnormal vaginal bleeding Pre-eclampsia Do's and don'ts History and Examination Printer-friendly version (requires Adobe Acrobat) What's it all about? The doctor is usually both an obstetrician and a gynaecologist, although some have special interests and some sub-specialise further. There are overlaps between the two subjects, but essentially obstetrics is the science of pregnancy, and gynaecology is female reproductive medicine. In the course of obstetrics and gynaecology, you might also cover sexual health more widely, areas such as male reproductive health and infertility. The practice of obstetrics and gynaecology includes outpatient clinics, inpatients, theatre, assisting with deliveries and possibly some postnatal and neonatal care. Conditions you will be asked about in your first week Abnormal vaginal bleeding In considering abnormal vaginal bleeding here, we will not cover bleeding during diagnosed pregnancy. Definitions Primary amenorrhoea Failure to start menstruating (by 16 years) Secondary amenorrhoea Lack of menstruation for >6 months (not due to pregnancy) Oligomenorrhoea Infrequent periods, >42-day cycle

28. Apthorp Infertility Pharmacy:- Products and pregnancy in the anovulatory infertile patient in whom the cause of infertility is functional and not due to primary ovarian failure (inability of the http://www.apthorp.com/products.cfm

We're the Infertility Pharmacy Fertility Medications Women have two ovaries located in the pelvis alongside the uterus. Their main functions are to release eggs and produce hormones. At birth, the ovaries contain thousands of eggs, each surrounded by cells that develop into small fluid-filled blisters known as follicles. When a woman is ovulating normally, each month one of these follicles will grow to about 20 millimeters in diameter and release an egg (ovulation). The egg then passes down the fallopian tubes, where fertilization occurs. The fertilized egg (embryo) travels to the uterus to implant itself in the lining (endometrium) and develop as a pregnancy. If the egg is not fertilized in the fallopian tubes, the endometrium is shed as a menstrual period about 14 days after ovulation. The normal female reproductive cycle is principally controlled by hormones released from several organs in the body. At the base of the brain, the hypothalamus gland produces gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) . This hormone, in turn, stimulates the pituitary gland to release two important reproductive hormones:

29. Definition: Recombinant FSH Form Subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. Indications Demonstrated ovulatory dysfunction with No current pregnancy; No evidence of primary ovarian failure; http://sharedjourney.com/define/rfsh.html

Recombinant FSH (rFSH) Classification: human recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) Brand Names: Follistim® (mfg. Organon), Puregon® (mfg. Organon), Gonal-F® (mfg. Serono) Form: Subcutaneous or intramuscular injection Indications: Demonstrated ovulatory dysfunction with: No current pregnancy No evidence of primary ovarian failure No uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal dysfunction No ovarian cysts (except in case of PCOS) Used in conjunction with hCG Used for: In women, inducing ovarian follicular growth and maturation. May be particularly useful for women with PCOS How does it work? Possesses hormonal activities of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Suggested Evaluations: Pre-RX: thyroid disease ovarian enlargement or cyst formation uterine fibroid tumors undiagnosed unusual vaginal bleeding estrogen levels primary pituitary or ovarian failure or enlargement evidence of prostate cancer in men testicular failure renal and hepatic functions During RX: mid-cycle urine LH test (OPK) estrogen levels progesterone levels mid-cycle ultrasound to detect follicle development Usual Dosage: Dosage must be carefully determined for each patient, and may be changed during treatment cycle.

30. RIMS Home Page 256.31, Premature menopause. 256.39, Other ovarian failure (delayed menarche, ovarian hypofunction, primary ovarian failure NOS). 257.1, http://plans.iscd.org/ICD9CodesGen.asp

ICD-9-CM Diagnostic Codes CPT codes are maintained by AMA Click here to go back to state list page. View Printable Page The following is a list of selected conditions that may be associated with osteoporosis. This coding reference is not intended in anyway to replace the ICD #9 Code Manual. Please refer to the current ICD #9 Code Manual to check the appropriateness of using a particular code. Hyperparathyroidism Cushing’s Syndrome Postablative ovarian failure (ovarian failure: iatrogenic, postirradiation, postsurgical) Premature menopause Other ovarian failure (delayed menarche, ovarian hypofunction, primary ovarian failure NOS) Postablative testicular hypofunction (testicular hypofunction: iatrogenic, postirradiation, postsurgical) Other testicular hypofunction Unspecified endocrine disorder Osteomalacia, unspecified Renal osteodystrophy Other specified disorders resulting from impaired renal function (secondary hyperparathyroidism of renal origin) Menopausal or female climacteric state (symptoms, such as flushing, sleeplessness, etc., associated with menopause) Other specified menopausal and postmenopausal disorders (excludes premature menopause) Unspecified menopausal and postmenopausal disorder Osteoporosis unspecified Osteoporosis Osteoporosis, unspecified (wedging of vertebrae)

31. Esterified Estrogens Less potent than estrone. Uses Replacement therapy in primary ovarian failure, following castration, or hypogonadism. primary ovarian failure, castration. http://www.healthdigest.org/drugs/esterifiedestrogens.html

Home About Us Search FAQs ... Contact Drug Information Organized Alphabetically Use our A to Z drug directory for drug information: A B C D ... Z Esterified estrogens Esterified estrogens (Menest) Esterified estrogens (es- TER -ih-fyd ES -troh-jens) Pregnancy Category: X Estratab Menest Neo-Estrone (Rx) Classification: Estrogen, natural See Also: See also Estrogens Action/Kinetics: This product is a mixture of sodium salts of sulfate esters of natural estrogenic substances: 75%-85% estrone sodium sulfate and 6%-15% equilin sodium sulfate. Less potent than estrone. Uses: Replacement therapy in primary ovarian failure, following castration, or hypogonadism. Inoperable, progressing prostatic or breast carcinoma (in postmenopausal women and selected men). Moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms, atrophic vaginitis, and kraurosis vulvae due to menopause. Prophylaxis of osteoporosis (0.3 mg tablet). How Supplied: Tablet: 0.3 mg, 0.625 mg, 1.25 mg, 2.5 mg Dosage •Tablets Moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms, atrophic vaginitis, or kraurosis vulvae due to menopause. 0.3-1.25 mg/day given cyclically for short-term use. Adjust dose to the lowest effective level and discontinue as soon as possible.

32. Estropipate primary ovarian failure, female castration, female hypogonadism. Prevention of osteoporosis. Hypogonadism, primary ovarian failure, castration. http://www.healthdigest.org/drugs/estropipate.html

Home About Us Search FAQs ... Contact Drug Information Organized Alphabetically Use our A to Z drug directory for drug information: A B C D ... Z Estropipate (Piperazine estrone sulfate) Estropipate (Ogen) Piperazine estrone sulfate (Ogen) Estropipate (es-troh- PIE -payt) Pregnancy Category: X Ogen Ogen Vaginal Cream Ortho-Est (Rx) Classification: Estrogen, semisynthetic See Also: See also Estrogens Action/Kinetics: Contains solubilized crystalline estrone stabilized with piperazine. Uses: PO: Moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. Vulval and vaginal atrophy. Primary ovarian failure, female castration, female hypogonadism. Prevention of osteoporosis. Vaginal: Atrophic vaginitis and kraurosis vulvae associated with menopause. Contraindications: Use during pregnancy. How Supplied: Vaginal cream: 1.5 mg/g; Tablet: 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 3 mg Dosage •Tablets Moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms; atrophic vaginitis or kraurosis vulvae due to menopause. 0.75-6 mg/day for short-term therapy (give cyclically). May also be used continuously. The lowest dose that will control symptoms should be selected. Attempt to discontinue or taper the dose at 3- to 6-month intervals. Hypogonadism, primary ovarian failure, castration.

33. Primary_amen congenital adrenal hyperplasia various defects. primary ovarian failure ? autoimmune. previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy with damage to ovaries. http://www.geocities.com/davidscerri/primary_amen.htm

PRIMARY AMENORRHOEA [PRIMARY HYPOGONADISM IN FEMALES] hypogonadotrophic [low LH and FSH]: hypothalamic: Kallman's syndrome [+ anosmia] hypothyroidism [causes low LHRH] functional: diet-induced / weight-related amenorrhoea stress anorexia nervosa regular exercise [juvenile athletes] pituitary: tumours, eg. craniopharyngioma, prolactinoma hypergonadotrophic [increased LH and FSH]: polycystic ovary syndrome Turner's syndrome [45XO karyotype; typical features] testicular feminisation [= androgen insensitivity; 46XY karyotype] ovarian dysgenesis [any karyotype] congenital adrenal hyperplasia [various defects] primary ovarian failure [? autoimmune] previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy with damage to ovaries androgen-secreting ovarian / adrenal tumours [occurring before puberty] congenital uterovaginal abnormalities: imperforate hymen / vagina / cervix absent vagina / Mullerian agenesis congenital adrenal hyperplasia (primary amenorrhoea) androgen-secreting tumours (primary or secondary amenorrhoea) click here to return to the main contents page of Differential Diagnoses in General Medicine

34. Endotext.com - Female Reproductive Endocrinology, Ch 2 Bibliography 62. Aittomaki, K., et al., Clinical features of primary ovarian failure caused by a point mutation in the folliclestimulating hormone receptor gene. http://www.endotext.org/female/female2/femalebiblio2.htm

1. Tanner, J.M. and R.H. Whitehouse, Clinical longitudinal standards for height, weight, height velocity, weight velocity, and stages of puberty. Arch Dis Child, 1976. 51(3): p. 170-9. 2. Marshall, W.A. and J.M. Tanner, Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child, 1969. 44(235): p. 291-303. 3. Herman-Giddens, M.E., et al., Secondary sexual characteristics and menses in young girls seen in office practice: a study from the Pediatric Research in Office Settings network. Pediatrics, 1997. 99(4): p. 505-12. 4. Kosho, T., et al., Skeletal features and growth patterns in 14 patients with haploinsufficiency of SHOX: implications for the development of Turner syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1999. 84(12): p. 4613-21. 5. Rao, E., et al., Pseudoautosomal deletions encompassing a novel homeobox gene cause growth failure in idiopathic short stature and Turner syndrome. Nat Genet, 1997. 16(1): p. 54-63. 6. Clement-Jones, M., et al., The short stature homeobox gene SHOX is involved in skeletal abnormalities in Turner syndrome. Hum Mol Genet, 2000. 9(5): p. 695-702. 7. Lee, M., Growth hormone deficiency as the only identifiable cause for primary amenorrhea. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 2000. 13(2): p. 93.

35. JCEM -- Abstracts: Martin Et Al. 89 (3): 1164 The Early Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Rise of Adrenarche and the Delay of Pubarche Indicate primary ovarian failure in Turner Syndrome. http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/89/3/1164

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... Citation Map Similar articles found in: JCEM Online PubMed PubMed Citation Search PubMed for articles by: Martin, D. D. Binder, G. Alert me when: new articles cite this article Download to Citation Manager The Early Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Rise of Adrenarche and the Delay of Pubarche Indicate Primary Ovarian Failure in Turner Syndrome David D. Martin Roland Schweizer C. Philipp Schwarze Martin W. Elmlinger Michael B. Ranke and Gerhard Binder gerhard.binder@med.uni-tuebingen.de Pubarche without thelarche has been taken as clinical evidence that adrenarche is independent of gonadarche in females. This study examines whether the course of adrenarche [rise of serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)] and pubarche (Tanner stage PH2) is independent from ovarian function. Serum DHEAS levels (n = 867) were longitudinally measured in 111 girls with Turner syndrome between 1990 and 2002. Of these, 22 had spontaneous puberty onset (Tanner stage B2), and 45 had primary ovarian failure (POF). Serum DHEAS levels were assayed by chemiluminescence

36. Amenorrhea, Primary and Lymphoma as your search terms in the Rare Disease Database.) Some chromosomal disorders (eg, Turner Syndrome) may cause primary ovarian failure. http://www.bchealthguide.org/kbase/nord/nord70.htm

document.write(''); var hwPrint=1; var hwDocHWID="nord70"; var hwDocTitle="Amenorrhea, Primary"; var hwRank="1"; var hwSectionHWID="nord70"; var hwSectionTitle=""; var hwSource="cn6.0"; var hwProdCfgSerNo="wsh_html_031_s"; var hwDocType="NORD"; National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. Amenorrhea, Primary Important It is possible that the main title of the report is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report. Synonyms Absence of Menstruation, Primary PA Disorder Subdivisions None Related Disorders List Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related Disorders section of this report: Amenorrhea General Discussion Symptoms The sole symptom of Primary Amenorrhea is absence of the first menstruation and the lack of a regular monthly cycle of menstruation. Other features may include lack of secondary sexual characteristics (i.e., the development of axillary hair and pubic hair), and incomplete or underdeveloped sexual organs (external genitalia) and breasts. Laboratory tests may reveal a deficiency in the functioning of the ovaries or an underactive pituitary gland. The hymen may completely cover the opening of the vagina (imperforate hymen). Causes Primary Amenorrhea is usually caused by an excess or a deficiency of a hormone called gonadotropic-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is produced in the hypothalamus. Severe eating disorders (i.e., Anorexia Nervosa), crash dieting, emotional stress (i.e., depression), and obesity can cause Amenorrhea. Tuberculosis or Lymphoma can alter the function of the hypothalamus gland resulting in Primary Amenorrhea. (For more information, choose "Anorexia Nervosa," "Tuberculosis," and "Lymphoma" as your search terms in the Rare Disease Database.)

37. March 1997 of ovulation and pregnancy in the anovulatory infertile patient in whom the cause of anovulation is functional and not due to primary ovarian failure. http://www2.kumc.edu/druginfo/pharmkey/pharmkey3-97.html

March 1997 FORMULARY ADDITIONS Insulin Lispro (Humalog7) 100units/ml: 10ml vials Eli Lilly Insulin lispro is an analog of insulin indicated for the management of diabetes mellitus. It exhibits a faster onset, peak effect, and duration of action in comparison to regular insulin. After subcutaneous injection, insulin lispro is more rapidly absorbed than regular human insulin and more closely mimics the normal physiologic insulin response after a meal. Extensive studies have shown that insulin lispro has a rapid absorption after subcutaneous injection with good overall control of blood glucose and postprandial hypoglycemia. Studies have shown there are no significant differences in the adverse reactions of insulin lispro and regular human insulin. The main complication of insulin lispro is hypoglycemia, but this occurs less frequently with insulin lispro than with regular human insulin. Unlike other available insulin products, insulin lispro is a prescription only drug. Insulin lispro is intended for subcutaneous injection. Doses need to be administered 15 minutes prior to meals and are individualized based on metabolic needs, eating habits, and other lifestyle variables. Insulin lispro exhibits potency comparable to regular human insulin but its onset of action is more rapid following subcutaneous injection. When added to long acting preparations, insulin lispro=s absorption may be decreased. A 10ml vial of insulin lispro costs KUMC $20.61.

38. FDA Drug Approvals List  August 1998 vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause; 2. Vulvar and vaginal atrophy; and 3. Hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, castration or primary ovarian failure. http://www.fda.gov/cder/da/da0898.htm

Drug Approvals for August 1998 Definitions and Notes August 1998 Original New Drug Applications Original Application #: Approval Date: 26-AUG-98 Trade Name: VITRAVENE Chemical Type: Therapeutic Potential: P Dosage Form: INJECTABLE Applicant: ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS INC Active Ingredient(s): FOMIVIRSEN SODIUM OTC/RX Status: RX Indication(s): Local treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who are intolerant of or have a contraindication to other treatment(s) for CMV retinitis or who were insufficiently responsive to previous treatment(s) for CMV retinitis Original Application #: Approval Date: 26-AUG-98 Trade Name: PROSOL 20% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER Chemical Type: Therapeutic Potential: S Dosage Form: INJECTABLE Applicant: BAXTER HEALTHCARE CORP Active Ingredient(s): AMINO ACIDS OTC/RX Status: RX Indication(s): (1) As an adjunct in the offsetting of nitrogen loss or in the treatment of negative nitrogen balance in patients where: the alimentary tract cannot or should not be used; gastrointestinal absorption of protein is impaired; or metabolic requirements for protein are substantially increased, as with extensive burns; (2) To reduce fluid intake in patients who require both fluid restriction and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) Original Application #: Approval Date: 24-AUG-98 Trade Name: LAMICTAL Chemical Type: Therapeutic Potential: S Dosage Form: TABLET,CHEWABLE DISPERSIBLE

39. King Pharmaceuticals Inc. - Product View Treatment of vulval and vaginal atrophy. Treatment of hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, castration or primary ovarian failure. http://www.kingpharm.com/product_view.asp?KP_Product_ID=91

40. Dr. Randine Lewis On Assisting Reproductive Techniques - How To Make A Family Pergonal administered for seven to twelve days produces ovarian follicular growth in women who do not have primary ovarian failure. http://www.howtomakeafamily.com/experts/lewis/assisting_reproductive_technique2.

Home About Us Experts Feature Articles Services Community Buy it now on Amazon.com... and support HowToMakeaFamily.com That's right, if you visit Amazon.com via this ad, a portion of every purchase you make during that visit will go to HTMAF. Randine Lewis on Assisting Reproductive Techniques Part 2 by Randine Lewis, Ph.D., Lic.Ac. Hormonal Medication Seen Through the Eyes of Chinese Medicine All medicines can be categorized into their inherent energetic effects. This section will cover some of the most commonly used drugs in reproductive medicine, and provide its energetic function according to the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine. We can then apply the techniques of TCM to enhance their intended effect, while reducing their unwanted side effects. This greatly enhances their efficacy. Clomid One common drug given by Western medicine for infertility is the drug, Clomid. Clomiphene citrate is an orally administered nonsteroidal, ovulatory stimulant designated chemically as 2-p-2-chloro-1,2-diphenylvinyl phenoxy triethylamine citrate. Its potent action is indicated for the anovulatory patient desiring pregnancy. Its mechanism of action is that it is capable of interacting with estrogen receptor containing tissues, including the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, endomentrium, vagina, and cervix. It may compete with estrogen for estrogen receptor binding sites and may delay replenishment of intracellular estrogen receptors. Clomid initiates a series of endocrine events culminating in a preovulatory gonadatropin surge and sybsequent rupture. First, after a course of Clomid therapy, the pituitary gonadatropins increase. This initiates steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis, resulting in growth of the ovarian follicle and an increase in the circulating level of estradiol. Following ovulation, plasma progesterone and estradiol rise and fall as they would presumably in a normal ovulatory cycle.

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