61. Psychological Debriefing For Preventing Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (C All rights reserved. Psychological debriefing for preventing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Cochrane Review). Rose S, Bisson J, Wessely S. ABSTRACT. http://www.update-software.com/abstracts/ab000560.htm

From The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2004 Psychological debriefing for preventing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Cochrane Review) Rose S, Bisson J, Wessely S ABSTRACT Order full review View and/or submit comments What's new in this issue Search abstracts ... Browse by Review Group A substantive amendment to this systematic review was last made on 03 December 2001. Cochrane reviews are regularly checked and updated if necessary. Background: Over approximately the last last fifteen years early psychological interventions such as psychological 'debriefing' have been increasingly used to treat psychological trauma. While these interventions have become popular and their use spread to several settings - efficacy had largely not been tested emprically. In 1997 a systematic review of single session psychological "debriefing" was undertaken and this subsequently became a protocol and Cochrane Review published in 1998 (Issue2). This update forms the first substantive update of the original review. Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of brief psychological debriefing for the management of psychological distress after trauma, and the prevention of post traumatic stress disorder.

62. Trauma Information Pages Resource for Emergency Nurses regarding other types of trauma. This site focuses on emotional trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affecting individuals or communities (e.g., natural disasters). http://www.trauma-pages.com/

David Baldwin's Trauma Information Pages Last Revised: 30 May 2004 W elcome to the Trauma Information Pages! These Trauma Pages focus primarily on emotional trauma and traumatic stress, including PTSD (Post-traumatic Stress Disorder) and dissociation, whether following individual traumatic experience(s) or a large-scale disaster. The purpose of this award winning site is to provide information for clinicians and researchers in the traumatic-stress field. Specifically, my interests here include both clinical and research aspects of trauma responses and their resolution. For example: What goes on biologically in the brain during traumatic experience and its resolution? Which psychotherapeutic procedures are most effective with traumatic symptoms, for which patients and why? How can we best measure clinical efficacy and treatment outcome for trauma survivor populations? Supportive resources supplement the more academic or research information of interest to clinicians, researchers, and students. I do realize that these are not mutually exclusive groups. Since 19 May 1995 (a month after the Oklahoma City bombing), this site has welcomed 1,375,620 visits (560 today).

63. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder American Psychiatric Association description of PTSD, symptoms, treatment, bibliography and other resources. http://www.psych.org/public_info/ptsd.cfm

64. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder posttraumatic stress disorder (Revised 1999) - APA. Facts About post-traumatic stress disorder - NIMH. Reliving Trauma post-traumatic stress disorder - NIMH. http://www.mentalhealth.com/dis/p20-an06.html

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Description American Description European Description Anxiety Disorders - U.S. Surgeon General Diagnosis Online Diagnosis Treatment External Links Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder - Expert Consensus Guideline Series Anxiety Disorders: Future Directions for Research and Treatment - Health Canada Treatment of Anxiety Disorders - U.S. Surgeon General Research All Recent Research Important Research Anxiety Disorders - Important Research Booklets Anxiety, Depression and Manic Depression - CPA External Links Anxiety and Phobias - Royal College of Psychiatrists Anxiety Disorders (Revised 1999) - APA Anxiety Disorders - NIMH Anxiety Disorders Education Program - NIMH Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Revised 1999) - APA Facts About Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder - NIMH Helping Children and Adolescents Cope with Violence and Disasters - NIMH Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), A Real Illness - NIMH Reliving Trauma: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder - NIMH Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder - NIMH's Anxiety Disorders Education Program Magazine Articles Stress Signs Often Missed in Victims of Violent Crime - Medical Post, May 9, 1995

65. MedlinePlus: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder N O P Q R S T U V W XYZ List of All Topics. posttraumatic stress disorder American Academy of Family Physicians) post-traumatic stress disorder (PDQ) http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/posttraumaticstressdisorder.html

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Other health topics: A B C D ... List of All Topics Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Contents of this page: News From the NIH General/Overviews Coping ... Teenagers Search MEDLINE for recent research articles on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder You may also be interested in these MedlinePlus related pages: Stress Veteran's Health Mental Health and Behavior Latest News Heart Surgery in Kids Linked to Stress Disorder (05/10/2004, Reuters Health) From the National Institutes of Health Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), a Real Illness (National Institute of Mental Health) - Links to PDF File Also available in: Spanish Reliving Trauma: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (National Institute of Mental Health) General/Overviews Let's Talk Facts about Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (American Psychiatric Association) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Clinical Trials ClinicalTrials.gov: Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic (National Institutes of Health) Coping Managing Stress and Recovering from Trauma: Facts and Resources for Veterans and Families (Dept. of Veterans Affairs, National Center for PTSD)

66. NAMI | By Illness posttraumatic stress disorder. NAMI's Fact Sheet on post-traumatic stress disorder http://www.nami.org/helpline/ptsd.html

About Mental Illness By Illness About Recovery Low Graphics Site ... About Mental Illness By Illness back Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Information from NAMI Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder NAMI's Fact Sheet on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Related Links National Institute of Mental Health Information from the NIH institute on post-traumatic stress disorder. National Center for PTSD A program of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs to advance the clinical care and social welfare of America's veterans through research, education, and treatment. PTSD Alliance A group of professional and advocacy organizations who provide educational resources on PTSD recognition and treatment. Clinicaltrials.gov Post-traumatic stress disorder research studies identified through the U.S. National Library of Medicine's link to federally and privately funded studies worldwide. If you have found this information useful, won't you please consider supporting NAMI? Your contribution will help us to continue helping millions of people living with mental illness. Please make a tax-deductible donation to NAMI right now Home myNAMI About NAMI ... SiteMap Site Designed and Developed by Active Matter, Inc.

67. What Is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder? // National Center For Post-Traumatic Str to diagnose PTSDor any psychiatric disorder, for that The most traumatic events for women are rape have experienced clinically serious stress reaction symptoms http://www.ncptsd.org/facts/general/fs_what_is_ptsd.html

Home Topics Facts General What is PTSD Overview Epidemiology Treatment Veterans Disasters Specific Publications Documents Video Assessment About NCPTSD Most Popular Pages: What is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder? A National Center for PTSD Fact Sheet Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, or PTSD, is a psychiatric disorder that can occur following the experience or witnessing of life-threatening events such as military combat, natural disasters, terrorist incidents, serious accidents, or violent personal assaults like rape. People who suffer from PTSD often relive the experience through nightmares and flashbacks, have difficulty sleeping, and feel detached or estranged, and these symptoms can be severe enough and last long enough to significantly impair the person's daily life. PTSD is marked by clear biological changes as well as psychological symptoms. PTSD is complicated by the fact that it frequently occurs in conjunction with related disorders such as depression, substance abuse, problems of memory and cognition, and other problems of physical and mental health. The disorder is also associated with impairment of the person's ability to function in social or family life, including occupational instability, marital problems and divorces, family discord, and difficulties in parenting. Understanding PTSD PTSD is not a new disorder. There are written accounts of similar symptoms that go back to ancient times, and there is clear documentation in the historical medical literature starting with the Civil War, when a PTSD-like disorder was known as "Da Costa's Syndrome." There are particularly good descriptions of posttraumatic stress symptoms in the medical literature on combat veterans of World War II and on Holocaust survivors.

68. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder http://www.nimh.nih.gov/anxiety/ptsdmenu.cfm

Working to improve mental health through biomedical research on mind, brain, and behavior Text Size: A A A powered by Google Advanced Search Press Room NIMH Outreach Scientific Meetings Clinical Trials ... Publications Please Update Your Links The page you are looking for has moved. The new page is: PTSD (menu) (http://www.nimh.nih.gov/HealthInformation/ptsdmenu.cfm) For more information, check the home page of the NIMH Web site. Top Posted: 05/17/2004 SITE MAP USING THIS SITE CONTACT US ACCESSIBILITY The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

69. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: European Description , The ICD10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural disorders World Health Organization, Geneva, 1992 F43.1 post-traumatic stress disorder.......European http://www.mentalhealth.com/icd/p22-an06.html

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder European Description The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders World Health Organization, Geneva, 1992 F43.1 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder This arises as a delayed and/or protracted response to a stressful event or situation (either short- or long-lasting) of an exceptionally threatening or catastrophic nature, which is likely to cause pervasive distress in almost anyone (e.g. natural or man-made disaster, combat, serious accident, witnessing the violent death of others, or being the victim of torture, terrorism, rape, or other crime). Predisposing factors such as personality traits (e.g. compulsive, asthenic) or previous history of neurotic illness may lower the threshold for the development of the syndrome or aggravate its course, but they are neither necessary nor sufficient to explain its occurrence. Typical symptoms include episodes of repeated reliving of the trauma in intrusive memories ("flashbacks") or dreams, occurring against the persisting background of a sense of "numbness" and emotional blunting, detachment from other people, unresponsiveness to surroundings, anhedonia, and avoidance of activities and situations reminiscent of the trauma. Commonly there is fear and avoidance of cues that remind the sufferer of the original trauma. Rarely, there may be dramatic, acute bursts of fear, panic or aggression, triggered by stimuli arousing a sudden recollection and/or re-enactment of the trauma or of the original reaction to it.

70. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder posttraumatic stress disorder. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000925.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Post-traumatic stress disorder Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Post-traumatic stress disorder Alternative names Return to top PTSD Definition Return to top Post-traumatic stress disorder is a psychiatric illness that can occur following a traumatic event in which there was threat of injury or death to you or someone else. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top (PTSD) may occur soon after a major trauma, or can be delayed for more than six months after the event. When it occurs soon after the trauma it usually resolves after three months, but some people experience a longer-term form of the condition, which can last for many years. PTSD can occur at any age and can follow a natural disaster such as flood or fire, or events such as war or imprisonment, assault, domestic abuse, or rape. The terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, in the U.S. may have caused PTSD in some people who were involved, in people who witnessed the disaster, and in people who lost relatives and friends. These kinds of events produce stress in anyone, but not everyone develops PTSD. We do not know what causes PTSD, but psychological, genetic, physical, and social factors are involved. PTSD alters the body’s response to stress by affecting stress hormones and neurotransmitters (chemicals that transmit information between our nerves). Previous exposure to trauma may increase the risk, which suggests that this kind of a reaction may be a learned response.

71. Facts About PTSD // National Center For Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder These fact sheets provide a definition of PTSD, an overview of PTSD, different effects of trauma, and how common PTSD is. with traumatic stress and PTSD, such as acute stress disorder, avoidance http://www.ncptsd.org/facts

Home Topics Facts General Treatment Veterans Disasters Specific Publications Documents Video Assessment About NCPTSD Most Popular Pages: Facts About PTSD General Facts These fact sheets provide a definition of PTSD , an overview of PTSD different effects of trauma , and how common PTSD is. Associated Problems Includes fact sheets about behaviors that are associated with traumatic stress and PTSD, such as acute stress disorder avoidance self-harm , and nightmares Treatment Contains fact sheets about coping with PTSD seeking help for PTSD and treatments currently available. For Veterans These fact sheets address the frequently asked questions of veterans and PTSD treatment programs for veterans, as well as specific information on managing stress female veterans older veterans , and Native American , and Japanese American and Hawaiian veterans. Disasters and Traumatic Stress These fact sheets provide information on natural disasters, stress management and mental health interventions for survivors of natural disasters , information for rescue workers involved in disasters, and information on the 1999 earthquakes in Taiwan and Turkey Specific Audiences and Topics Fact sheets addressing the effects of trauma as related to: children child sexual abuse complex PTSD (which results from childhood abuse or extended trauma/captivity), sexual assault of

72. After The Diet--Helping Humans Overcome Eating Problems Resources on nutrition and stressrelated problems, including eating disorders, weight management, PCOS, fibromyalgia, depression, anxiety, irritable bowel syndrome, postpartum depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder. http://www.afterthediet.com

After the Diet™ Helping Humans Overcome Eating Problems Ayudando a Personas con Problemas Alimentarios "I learned that if I didn't respect and care for my body...I'd have no place to live." ~~After the Diet client Visit Our English Home Page Visit Our Spanish Home Page/Visite Nuestra Página Principal Español More About Us What's New ... Contact Us Join the After the Diet Network mailing list Email: P.O. Box 11985, Glendale, AZ 85318-1985 Phone: 623-486-0737 Fax: 253-559-2561 Last updated: April 2, 2004 Who Are We?/¿Quiénes Somos? After the Diet™ is dedicated to helping humans overcome eating problems. We emphasize the word "human" because there is no such thing as perfect eating. When the pursuit of perfection becomes the focus of life, we lose the ability to be productive, loving, and involved in the world around us. We prefer to put the focus on a balance between healthy eating, exercise, and relationships with others. After the Diet™ se dedica a ayudando a problemas con problemas alimentarios. Ponemos énfasis en la palabra "humano" porque no existe una manera de comer perfectamente. Cuando perfección es el foco de la vida, se nos perdemos la habilidad de estar productivos, amorosos, y interesados en el mundo alrededor nosotros. Preferimos poner el foco en balance entre comer sanamente, actividad, y relaciones con otros. Our Philosophy/Nuestra Filosofía We are more than a place to learn about food!

73. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Site posttraumatic stress disorder. This page aspires to present a thorough base of information etiology, treatment, and impact of post-traumatic stress disorder on the individual http://www.houghton.edu/depts/psychology/ptsd/mainpage.htm

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74. The Brain Dynamics Centre he goal of this Centre is to shed light on the workings of the human brain. The disorders studied include ADHD, posttraumatic stress disorder, social phobia, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, Parkinson's disease, and traumatic brain injury. http://www.braindynamics.med.usyd.edu.au/

75. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder advertisement. posttraumatic stress disorder What is post-traumatic stress disorder or PTSD? How soon does post-traumatic stress disorder develop? http://www.athealth.com/Consumer/disorders/PTSD.html

At Health, Inc. Sponsored Links From our sponsors: Consumer Disorders and Conditions > Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder advertisement Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder What is post-traumatic stress disorder or PTSD? Post-traumatic stress disorder, which is commonly referred to as PTSD, is a condition which some people develop after they experience a very traumatic, sometimes life threatening, event. For instance, a person might develop PTSD after observing another person or group of people being seriously injured or killed. Natural disasters and wars are likely to cause some of its victims to experience post-traumatic stress disorder. How soon does post-traumatic stress disorder develop? In some people PTSD develops immediately after they experience the unusually traumatic event. However, in other people, signs of the disorder do not develop until several weeks, months, or even years after the event. What characteristics are associated with post-traumatic stress disorder? PTSD develops when a person witnesses or experiences a traumatic event and later experiences some of the following for a prolonged period of time: Relives the traumatic event by thinking or dreaming about it frequently Is unsettled or distressed in other areas of his/her life such as in school, at work, or in personal relationships

76. Dr. Paul R. Abramson Professor of psychology, and expert for matters involving sexual abuse, exploitation and harassment, sex crimes, and posttraumatic stress disorder. http://www.topexpertwitness.com/

77. Primary Care Treatment Of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder - September 1, 2000 - A AFP September 1, 2000. Primary Care Treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. 6. TABLE 1 Diagnostic Criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000901/1035.html

Advanced Search Primary Care Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder JENNIFER TRAVIS LANGE, CAPT, MC, USA, CHRISTOPHER L. LANGE, CAPT, MC, USA, and REX B.G. CABALTICA, M.D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center, Fort Gordon, Georgia A patient information handout on post-traumatic stress disorder, written by the authors of this article, is provided on page 1046. This article exemplifies the AAFP 2000 Annual Clinical Focus on mental health. Post-traumatic stress disorder, a psychiatric disorder, arises following exposure to perceived life-threatening trauma. Its symptoms can mimic those of anxiety or depressive disorders, but with appropriate screening, the diagnosis is easily made. Current treatment strategies combine patient education; pharmacologic interventions, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, trazodone and clonidine; and psychotherapy. As soon after the trauma as possible, techniques to prevent the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, such as structured stress debriefings, should be administered. A high index of suspicion for post-traumatic stress disorder is needed in patients with a history of significant trauma. (Am Fam Physician 2000;62:1035-40,1046.) Members of various medical faculties develop articles for "Practical Therapeutics." This article is one in a series coordinated by the Department of Family and Community Medicine at Eisenhower Army Medical Center, Fort Gordon, Ga. Guest editor of the series is Ted D. Epperly, COL, MC, USA.

78. Diagnosis And Management Of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder - December 15, 2003 - American Family Physician. Diagnosis and Management of posttraumatic stress disorder. TABLE 1 Diagnostic Criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20031215/2401.html

Advanced Search Diagnosis and Management of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder BRADLEY D. GRINAGE, M.D., University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita, Wichita, Kansas A patient information handout on post-traumatic stress disorder, written by the author of this article, is provided on page 2409. A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (8 pages /90 KB). More information on using PDF files. See page 2306 for definitions of strength-of-evidence levels. P ost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that occurs following exposure to a traumatic event. The disorder has not been extensively studied in primary care; however, the events of September 11, 2001, raised both public and professional awareness of PTSD. Many more cases may now be diagnosed in family practice patients, because they are more apt to disclose information to their physicians and because physicians are more aware of the diagnosis. One study estimated that 11.8 percent of patients presenting to a primary care clinic met the diagnostic criteria for PTSD.

79. Follow Up Counseling After Disaster: Working With Traumatic Dreams Toward Healin Discusses dreams as a symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder. From Traumatology, a publication of the Green Cross Foundation. http://www.fsu.edu/~trauma/a4v5i3.html

Follow Up Counseling After Disaster: Working With Traumatic Dreams Toward Healing Penny Dahlen, Ed.D., NCC, LPC University of Wyoming ABSTRACT This article discusses posttraumatic nightmares as a symptom of PostTraumatic Stress Disorder. The differences between ordinary nightmares and posttraumatic nightmares are described. A Traumatic Dream Defusing Process is presented for working with posttraumatic dreams in counseling following a traumatic event. Techniques for assisting survivors to process their traumatic dreams outside of the counseling session are addressed. Follow Up Counseling After Disaster: Working With Traumatic Dreams Toward Healing INTRODUCTION In 1900 Sigmund Freud published The Interpretation of Dreams which brought the mystery of dreaming into scientific investigation. He considered dreams to reveal unconscious material and placed importance on deciphering the meaning of the dream. Jung (1964) rejected Freud's theory and approached dreams from working with symbols and mythology and worked with series of dreams in order to understand his patients' psychological difficulties. In their work with dreams, neither Freud nor Jung recognized trauma as a primary source of a nightmare. It wasn't until the 1960's when Vietnam War Veterans began having nightmares about war events that traumatic dreams were given much investigation (Barrett, 1996). By the 1980 publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (Third Edition), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) acknowledged and labeled traumatic stress and included nightmares as one of the symptoms.

80. Anxiety Disorders - Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder posttraumatic stress disorder, changes in people with PTSD. post-traumatic stress disorder. The following are also recent research http://www.nmha.org/reassurance/ptsd.cfm

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an extremely debilitating condition that can occur after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened. Traumatic events that can trigger PTSD include violent personal assaults such as rape or mugging, natural or human-caused disasters, accidents, or military combat. Military troops who served in Vietnam and the Gulf Wars; rescue workers involved in the aftermath of the Oklahoma City Bombing; survivors of accidents, rape, physical and sexual abuse, as well as other crimes; immigrants fleeing violence in their home countries; survivors of the 1994 California earthquake, the 1997 South Dakota floods, and hurricanes Hugo and Andrew; and people who witness traumatic events are among the people who may develop PTSD. Families of victims can also develop the disorder. Fortunately, through research supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), effective treatments have been developed to help people with PTSD. Research is also helping scientists better understand the condition and how it affects the brain and the rest of the body.

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