81. Polycystic Kidney Disease polycystic kidney Disease. Inheritance, autosomal dominant. polycystic kidney Disease (PKD) is an ideal way to introduce your students to transplants. http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/curr/science/core/bio/genetics/polycystic_kidney.htm

Polycystic Kidney Disease Inheritance autosomal dominant Occurrence about 600,000 cases in the United States Description a disease which causes cysts to grow on a person's kidneys (and liver); the third leading cause of kidney failure in the United States Testing there is testing available through ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging Treatment there is currently no cure or effective treatment for PKD; half of all patients develop kidney failure and need either constant dialysis or transplantation Organ Transplants Background: This is also a very relevant activity since most states identify organ transplant donors when an individual receives his or her driver license. Many students will be making these decisions in the near future (or have already made these decisions). Activity: Here are some ideas for students to research. There is a great deal of information available on the Internet. If your school has a computer lab, this would be an ideal topic to have students research on the Internet in groups. Here are some possible topics. (1) Which organs can be transplanted?

82. Polycystic Kidney Disease polycystic kidney Disease A. Characteristics See outline Chronic Renal Failure Common hereditary disorder, ~0.2% of population http://www.outlinemed.com/demo/nephrol/11322.htm

Polycystic Kidney Disease A. Characteristics See outline "Chronic Renal Failure" Common hereditary disorder, ~0.2% of population 90% inherited autosomal dominant 10% sporadic mutation See outline "Pediatric Nephrology" Gene linked to chromosome 16 (called ADPKD1) Diagnosis requires bilateral renal cysts and enlargement Cause of 8-10% of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) B. Cyst Formation Renal Cysts 100% Renal Adenomas 21% Hepatic Cysts 50% Pancreatic Cysts 10% Colonic Diverticula 80% of patients with ESRD Arachnoid Cysts 5% These are all "ductal" organs C. Pathogenesis Autosomal Dominant Disease caused by mutations in at least three genes PKD1 - codes for 4304 amino acid membrane protein called polycystin (chromosome 16) PKD2 - mapped to chromosome 4 Unidentified third locus Cyst formation in kidneys Abnormality in Na+/K+ ATPase Pump Cystic epithelium has pump in apical location Normal renal tubular epithelium has this pump on the basolateral surface Increased programmed cell death (apoptosis) in both dominant and recessive forms [ Mice with homozygous deletions in the proto-oncogene bcl-2 develop PKD [ Other mouse models (pcy and cpk) of the disease are now being studied D. Diagnosis

83. HealingWell.com - Medifocus Guides - Polycystic Kidney Disease Research your illness with an indepth Medifocus Guide to polycystic kidney Disease. What are the most common symptoms of polycystic kidney disease? http://www.healingwell.com/medcenter/polycystic_kidney.asp

Search Site: Search Web: HealingWell Medcenter Medifocus Guide Polycystic Kidney Disease Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) is a hereditary disorder that causes fluid-filled cysts to form in the nephrons of the kidneys. These cysts can grow so large and so numerous that they crowd out the normal kidney tissue, rendering the kidneys unable to function normally. Damage to the kidneys is caused by structural deformities caused by the enlarging cysts as well as by elevations in blood pressure (hypertension). Cysts can also form in other organs such as the liver. PKD affects approximately 600,000 persons in the United States. It is one of the most common hereditary diseases and the fourth leading cause of kidney failure. It seems to affect all races and both genders equally. Persons with autosomal dominant PKD often exhibit no symptoms and the disease can not be diagnosed by routine blood work in its early stages. Therefore, persons may have the disease for years before it is diagnosed. Once cysts have formed, they can be seen with noninvasive ultrasound imaging. There is no cure for PKD. Medications or surgery may be used for pain control, to reduce blood pressure and for the treatment of infection. Dialysis is usually eventually necessary to perform functions (removal of toxins from the blood) that the kidneys are no longer able to do. Kidney transplant may be an option for persons with advanced PKD.

84. Researchers Identify Novel Treatment For Polycystic Kidney Disease In Animals 5005 Mayo Clinic Researchers identify novel treatment for polycystic kidney disease in animals. ROCHESTER, Minn. The drug OPC31260 http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-09/mc-rin092903.php

Public release date: 29-Sep-2003 Contact: Cathy Stroebel newsbureau@mayo.edu Mayo Clinic Researchers identify novel treatment for polycystic kidney disease in animals ROCHESTER, Minn. The drug OPC31260 stops the development of cysts and prevents kidney function loss in rats and mice, according to a Mayo Clinic and Indiana University School of Medicine study published in the October 2003 issue of Nature Medicine. Inherited diseases that cause the kidneys to develop fluid-filled cavities (cysts) are major causes of kidney failure in children and in adults. The most common and important diseases in this category are autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in adults, and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) and nephronophthisis in children. Currently, there are no effective treatments for these disorders. Previous studies conducted at the University of Kansas and other polycystic kidney disease research centers showed that a chemical compound known as cyclic AMP is largely responsible for the cell proliferation and fluid secretion that are central to the development of kidney cysts. The drug studied by Mayo Clinic and Indiana University researchers inhibits the production of cyclic AMP by blocking a specific receptor found almost exclusively on the cells from which the cysts develop. In healthy kidneys, cyclic AMP stimulates the reabsorption of water by these cells, which normally do not proliferate and form cysts.

85. Researchers Identify Novel Treatment For Polycystic Kidney Disease In Animals Researchers Identify Novel Treatment For polycystic kidney Disease In Animals. ROCHESTER, Minn. The drug OPC31260 stops the development http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2003/10/031002054341.htm

Match: sort by: relevance date Free Services Subscribe by email RSS newsfeeds PDA-friendly format loc="/images/" A A A Find Jobs In: Healthcare Engineering Accounting College Contract / Freelance Customer Service Diversity Engineering Executive Healthcare Hospitality Human Resources Information Tech International Manufacturing Nonprofit Retail All Jobs by Job Type All Jobs by Industry Relocating? Visit: Moving Resources Moving Companies Mortgage Information Mortgage Calculator Real Estate Lookup Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Outdoor Living Source Mayo Clinic Date Print this page Email to friend Researchers Identify Novel Treatment For Polycystic Kidney Disease In Animals ROCHESTER, Minn. The drug OPC31260 stops the development of cysts and prevents kidney function loss in rats and mice, according to a Mayo Clinic and Indiana University School of Medicine study published in the October 2003 issue of Nature Medicine. What's Related Mayo Clinic Researchers Identify Gene For Inherited Kidney And Liver Disease In Young Children Univserity Of Texas Southwestern Researchers Develop New Test For Kidney Function related stories Related sections: Inherited diseases that cause the kidneys to develop fluid-filled cavities (cysts) are major causes of kidney failure in children and in adults. The most common and important diseases in this category are autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in adults, and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) and nephronophthisis in children. Currently, there are no effective treatments for these disorders.

86. FamilyFun: Health Encyclopedia: Polycystic Kidney Disease An excerpt on polycystic kidney disease from the Disney Encyclopedia of Baby and Child Care. Great ideas and advice at Family Fun. polycystic kidney Disease. http://familyfun.go.com/parenting/child/health/childhealth/dony79enc_kidn/

Search FamilyFun Tools Parent Problem Solver Field Guide to Parenting Pregnancy Calendar ... Solutions A to Z Polycystic Kidney Disease This hereditary kidney disorder occurs in two main forms. The more common form, known as adult polycystic disease (APCD), usually develops in adulthood but may, in rare cases, manifest itself in infancy or childhood. Much less common is infantile polycystic disease (IPCD), which is usually apparent soon after birth and is accompanied by liver abnormalities. In both forms of the disease, the kidney is riddled with fluid-filled growths called cysts. These cysts, which usually appear in both kidneys, severely impair kidney functioning. In the infantile form of the disease, the kidneys may be either enlarged or underdeveloped. Some infants also are born with a noninherited cystic kidney disorder called multicystic kidney of the newborn. This disorder, which usually affects only one kidney, occurs when the ureter (the tube to the bladder) develops abnormally, causing the kidney to degenerate into an irregular mass of cysts. HOW DOES POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE DEVELOP?

87. Polycystic Kidney Disease polycystic kidney disease. Definition Alternative Names Cysts kidneys; Kidney - polycystic; Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; ADPKD. http://www.healthscout.com/ency/article/000502.htm

Advertisement Search HealthScout Web MEDLINE Special Offers TV Specials Top Features Schizophrenia Hair Loss Liver Disease Allergies ... Impotence Resources Healthscout News 3D Interactive Human Atlas Health Videos Health Encyclopedia ... Drug Library Channels Home Today Women Men ... Drug Checker Advertisement Disease Injury Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Polycystic kidney disease Definition: Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited kidney disorder that enlarges the kidneys and interferes with their function because of multiple cysts on the kidneys. Alternative Names: Cysts - kidneys; Kidney - polycystic; Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; ADPKD Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is an inherited disorder (with autosomal dominant inheritance if one parent carries the gene, the children have a 50% chance of developing the disorder) where multiple clusters of cysts form on the kidneys. The exact mechanism that triggers cyst formation is unknown. Cysts in the kidneys are associated with aneurysms of the blood vessels in the brain. They may be associated with

88. Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Knowledgebase Background Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) affects approximately one in 800 people worldwide resulting in bilateral renal tubular cyst http://www.cimr.cam.ac.uk/medgen/pkd/default.htm

Background Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) affects approximately one in 800 people worldwide resulting in bilateral renal tubular cyst formation and eventually renal failure. Two proteins, polycystin 1 (the PKD1 gene product) and polycystin 2 (the PKD2 gene product) are central to this condition with PKD1 mutations accounting for 85% of all ADPKD cases and PKD2 responsible for the majority of the rest. Polycystin-1 is an eleven membrane spanning protein of 4303 amino acids of as yet unknown function. Polycystin-2 is a 968 amino acid protein having 6 membrane spanning domains and again has no ascribed function although may be involved in ion channel formation. Research Aims: The Renal Genetics Group's principle focus is the molecular and pathophysiology of ADPKD. Mutation analysis, structural studies and the development of in vitro and in vivo models are currently being developed. Other work concentrates on other forms of inherited renal disease and the use of comparative genomics to identify functional domains of disease genes. ADPKD and Renal Web Links Select a category ADPKD Handbook Download ADPKD Links ADPKD Research Publications Renal Journals Renal Links Renal Societies Renal Genetics Research Group Links Select a category Personnel Contact information Funding sources Group publications Local Web Links Select a category

89. OHSU Health - Polycystic Kidney Disease Detailed information on the different types of polycystic kidney disease, including autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive http://www.ohsuhealth.com/htaz/urology/diseases/polycystic_kidney_disease.cfm

Urology Home Page Urogenital Disorders Analgesic Nephropathy Bladder Cancer ... Peyronie's Disease Polycystic Kidney Disease Prostate Disease Urinary Incontinence Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) Vesicoureteral Reflux ... Email Polycystic Kidney Disease What is polycystic kidney disease (PKD)? Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts filled with fluid in the kidneys. PKD cysts can reduce kidney function, leading to kidney failure. PKD can also cause cysts in the liver and problems in other organs, such as the heart and blood vessels in the brain. PKD is the fourth leading cause of kidney failure and affects approximately 500,000 people in the US. According to the National Kidney Foundation, about 50 percent of people with autosomal dominant form of PKD progress to kidney failure, or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) by age 60 and about 60 percent will have kidney failure by age 70. What are the different types of PKD? There are two primary inherited forms of PKD and one non-inherited form: autosomal dominant PKD (inherited) This is the most common inherited form of polycystic kidney disease, accounting for about 90 percent of all PKD cases. "Autosomal dominant" means that if one parent has the disease, there is a 50 percent chance that the disease will pass to a child, and that both males and females are equally affected.

90. Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital polycystic kidney Disease (PKD) What is polycystic kidney disease (PKD)? Autosomal dominant PKD is often called the adult polycystic kidney disease. http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/urology/pkd.html

Urology Urologists Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) What is polycystic kidney disease (PKD)? Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts filled with fluid in the kidneys. PKD cysts can reduce kidney function, leading to kidney failure. PKD can also cause cysts in the liver and problems in other organs, such as the heart and blood vessels in the brain. PKD is the fourth leading cause of kidney failure and affects approximately 500,000 people in the US. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), about one-half of people with autosomal dominant PKD progress to kidney failure, or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). What are the different types of PKD? There are two primary inherited forms of PKD and one non-inherited form: autosomal dominant PKD (inherited) This is the most common inherited form of polycystic kidney disease, accounting for about 90 percent of all PKD cases. "Autosomal dominant" means that if one parent has the disease, there is a 50 percent chance that the disease will pass to a child, and that both males and females are equally affected. Usually, at least one parent must have the disease for a child to inherit it. In 25 percent of cases, there is no family history of PKD. These cases are new mutations in a family. Parents would not be at increased risk to have additional children with PKD, but the child with PKD would have a 50/50 chance to pass the gene on to their children.

91. Polycystic Kidney Disease polycystic kidney disease. polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is an incurable disorder characterized by the formation of several or many fluidfilled cysts that http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00061240.html

Main Search Index Definition Description Diagnosis ... Resources Polycystic kidney disease Definition Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is an incurable disorder characterized by the formation of several or many fluid-filled cysts that: Replace healthy kidney tissue Enlarge the kidneys and impair their function Often cause kidney failure. PKD is almost always inherited. In about 10 of every 100 cases, the disease is caused by a defective gene that is not inherited. Description The most common of all life-threatening, genetic diseases, PKD affects at least two of every 10,000 people. A child who inherits the PKD gene from either parent has a 50% chance of developing the disease. A healthy kidney is about the same size as a human fist. PKD cysts, which can be as small as the head of a pin or as large as a grapefruit, can expand the kidneys until each one is bigger than a football and weighs as much as 38 pounds. Types of PKD Babies born with infantile PKD are often born dead. Few of these children survive for more than two years, and many of them die in infancy. PKD is much more common in adults than in children. Symptoms usually start to appear between the ages of 30-50, and, though organ deterioration progresses more slowly than it does in children, untreated disease eventually causes kidney failure.

92. MIR Teaching File Case Rs016 Rating D2, Q4. Diagnosis polycystic kidney disease. Brief history 45 below. Diagnosis polycystic kidney disease. Full history http://gamma.wustl.edu/rs016te187.html

93. ARPKD/PKHD1 Mutation Database Mutation Database Autosomal Recessive polycystic kidney Disease (ARPKD/PKHD1). Department of Human Genetics Aachen University Pauwelsstraße http://www.humgen.rwth-aachen.de/

Mutation Database Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD/PKHD1) Department of Human Genetics Aachen University Pauwelsstraße 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany Home Molecular Database Research ... Group Aachen Introduction Clinical features PKHD1 gene and its protein product (polyductin/fibrocystin) In spite of improvements in neonatal care and disease management, the prognosis of individuals with early manifestations of ARPKD is still often poor. Thus, many families who lost a child with severe ARPKD desire an early and reliable prenatal diagnosis. Given the limitations of antenatal ultrasound this is only feasible by molecular genetics which became possible in 1994 when PKHD1, the locus for ARPKD, was mapped to chromosome 6p [ Zerres et al., 1994 ]. With current knowledge from linkage data, almost all patients with typical ARPKD are linked to 6p. Recently, two groups independently identified the sequence of the PKHD1 gene providing the basis for direct genotyping [ Onuchic et al. , 2002; Ward et al., 2002

94. TheFetus.net - Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease -Aleksandra Novakov Mikic, MD, Ph Adult polycystic kidney disease. Aleksandra Novakov Mikic, MD, PhD*. Synonyms Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, adult hepatorenal polycystic disease. http://www.thefetus.net/page.php?id=539

95. TheFetus.net - Infantile Polycystic Kidney Disease -José Luis Bartha Rasero, MD 200009-04-15 Infantile polycystic kidney disease © Rasero www.TheFetus.net. Infantile polycystic kidney disease. José Luis Bartha http://www.thefetus.net/page.php?id=544

96. Boards - Polycystic Kidney Disease Restrictions polycystic kidney Disease Restrictions. xxx I am 15 years old and was born with polycystic kidney Disease. Re polycystic kidney Disease Restrictions. http://www.healthboards.com/boards/showthread.php?goto=newpost&t=170841

97. CCHS Clinical Digital Library Clinical Resources by Topic Nephrology. polycystic kidney Diseases Clinical Resources. polycystic kidney Disease Access document. http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/clinical/nephrology/renaltubulardisorders/polycystick

Clinical Resources by Topic: Nephrology Polycystic Kidney Diseases Clinical Resources Pediatrics Atlases Radiology Pathology ... Miscellaneous Resources See also: Nephrological Clinical Procedure Resources General Nephrology Clinical Resources Polycystic Kidney Diseases Patient/Family Resources Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 15th Ed.-2001: Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Chapter 276: Hereditary Tubular Disorders: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Access document Etiology and Pathology: Access document Genetics: Access document Clinical Features: Access document Diagnosis: Access document Treatment: Access document Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease: Access document Genetics: Access document Clinical Features: Access document Diagnosis: Access document Treatment: Access document Brenner and Rector's The Kidney 7th Ed.-2004 (MD Consult): Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Chapter 26 - Radiologic Assessment of the Kidney: Access document Introduction: Access document Technical Considerations: Access document Conventional Radiology: Access document Diagnostic Ultrasonography: Access document Computed Tomography: Access document Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Access document Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Access document Renal Masses: Access document Polycystic Kidney Disease: Access document Chapter 37 - Cystic Diseases of the Kidney: Access document Development of Renal Cysts: Access document Epithelial Proliferation: Access document Fluid Accumulation:

98. CCHS Clinical Digital Library polycystic kidney Diseases Patient/Family Resources. Miscellaneous polycystic kidney Diseases Patient/Family Resources Healthfinder (US DHHS) Homepage http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/patientinfo/nephrology/renaltubulardisorders/polycyst

Patient/Family Resources by Topic: Nephrology Polycystic Kidney Diseases Patient/Family Resources Spanish Miscellaneous See also: General Nephrology Patient/Family Resources Polycystic Kidney Diseases Clinical Resources National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: Homepage Kidney Diseases: List of documents Polycystic Kidney Disease: Access document American Academy of Family Physicians (familydoctor.org): Homepage Health Topics: List of documents Polycystic Kidney Diease (PKD): English Spanish MEDLINE plus Medical Encyclopedia: Table of contents Polycystic Kidney Disease: English Spanish Merck Manual - Second Home Edition Table of contents Section 11. Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders: Table of contents Chapter 146. Tubular and Cystic Kidney Disorders: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Polycystic Kidney Disease: Access document Complete Home Medical Guide: Table of contents Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders Table of contents Polycystic Kidney Disease: Access document Spanish American Academy of Family Physicians (familydoctor.org): Homepage Health Topics: List of documents Polycystic Kidney Diease (PKD): English Spanish MEDLINE plus Medical Encyclopedia: Table of contents Polycystic Kidney Disease: English Spanish Miscellaneous Polycystic Kidney Diseases Patient/Family Resources Healthfinder (US DHHS): Homepage Polycystic Kidney Disease: List of documents National Library of Medicine MEDLINE plus Health Topics: Index Kidney Diseases (General): List of documents YAHOO - Health:Diseases and Conditions:Kidney Diseases Additional Kidney Diseases resources (

99. Entrez PubMed Click here to read The position of the polycystic kidney disease 1 (PKD1) gene mutation correlates with the severity of renal disease. http://www.biomedcentral.com/pubmed/11961010

Entrez PubMed Nucleotide Protein ... Books Search PubMed Protein Nucleotide Structure Genome Books CancerChromosomes 3D Domains Domains Gene GEO GEO DataSets HomoloGene Journals MeSH NCBI Web Site OMIM PMC PopSet SNP Taxonomy UniGene UniSTS for Limits Preview/Index History Clipboard ... Text Version Entrez PubMed Overview FAQ Tutorial New/Noteworthy ... E-Utilities PubMed Services Journals Database MeSH Database Single Citation Matcher Batch Citation Matcher ... Cubby Related Resources Order Documents NLM Gateway TOXNET Consumer Health ... PubMed Central Summary Brief Abstract Citation ASN.1 MEDLINE XML UI List LinkOut Related Articles Cited in Books CancerChrom Links Domain Links 3D Domain Links GEO DataSet Links Gene Links Genome Links GEO Links HomoloGene Links Nucleotide Links OMIM Links PMC Links Cited in PMC PopSet Links Protein Links SNP Links Structure Links UniSTS Links Show: Sort Author Journal Pub Date Text File Clipboard E-mail Order J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002 May;13(5):1230-7. Related Articles, Links The position of the polycystic kidney disease 1 (PKD1) gene mutation correlates with the severity of renal disease. Rossetti S, Burton S, Strmecki L, Pond GR, San Millan JL, Zerres K, Barratt TM, Ozen S, Torres VE, Bergstralh EJ, Winearls CG, Harris PC.

100. Polycystic Kidney Disease polycystic kidney disease (PKD) in cats. polycystic kidney disease is a disease in which a large number of fluid filled cysts form within the kidneys. http://www.fabcats.org/pkd.html

Feline Advisory Bureau About FAB Membership Make a donation Boarding Catteries ... PKD scheme Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) in cats Cross section of a severely affected kidney showing cysts throughout Polycystic kidney disease is a disease in which a large number of fluid filled cysts form within the kidneys. These cysts are present from birth in affected cats but they start off very small and then gradually increase in size until eventually they compromise the surrounding normal kidney tissue and cause kidney failure. Polycystic kidney disease is now recognised as a particular problem in Persians and Exotic Shorthairs because it is an inherited disease which has become very common in these breeds. Many Persian breeders are now aware of this problem and are aiming to avoid breeding from affected cats. The Feline Advisory Bureau has therefore set up a nationwide screening programme to identify those cats that are affected and to allow breeders to make informed decisions about which cats to use for future breeding. The FAB PKD Screening Scheme involves a panel of approved, highly-qualified veterinary ultrasonographers who will ultrasound scan the cat's kidneys looking for the presence of fluid-filled cysts. They will then issue an FAB-approved certificate stating the result of the scan for that particular cat.

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