1. Platelet Disorder Support Association Information and support for those with immune thrombocytopenic purpura and other low platelet disorders http://www.pdsa.org

ITP Conference 2004, June 25-27, Baltimore, MD SEARCH About ITP Treatments ... Research Fund Help Us Help You Contribute via the United Way, CFC, car donations, matching gifts... Home of ITP People Place For you or your loved one with immune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura Learn about ITP meet others read our stories help us grow ... ITP Conference 2004 June 25 - 27 Baltimore, MD Register early and save NOW ON SALE 2002/2003 Conference Tapes Fight Platelet Disorders ... DONATE NOW (advertisement) Thanks to our Platinum conference sponsors IMPORTANT! The information on this web site is for educational purposes only. For advice on your unique medical condition, please consult your healthcare professional. Platelet Disorder Support Association P.O. Box 61533, Potomac, MD 20859 Phone: 1- 87-PLATELET (877-528-3538) or (301) 770-6636 Fax: 301-770-6638 e-mail: pdsa@pdsa.org

2. Platelet Disorder Support Association - ITP People Place Comprehensive information and support for those concerned about ITP, Immune (Idiopathic) Thrombocytopenia Purpura. Fight platelet disorders. The Race is On Copyright 1997 2004. Platelet Disorder Support Association. P.O http://www.itppeople.com/

ITP Conference 2004, June 25-27, Baltimore, MD - Register early and save SEARCH About ITP Treatments ... Research Fund Help Us Help You Contribute via the United Way, CFC, car donations, matching gifts... Home of ITP People Place For you or your loved one with immune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura Learn about ITP meet others read our stories help us grow ... ITP Conference 2004 June 25 - 27 Baltimore, MD Register early and save NOW ON SALE 2002/2003 Conference Tapes Fight Platelet Disorders ... DONATE NOW (advertisement) Thanks to our Platinum conference sponsors IMPORTANT! The information on this web site is for educational purposes only. For advice on your unique medical condition, please consult your healthcare professional. Platelet Disorder Support Association P.O. Box 61533, Potomac, MD 20859 Phone: 1- 87-PLATELET (877-528-3538) or (301) 770-6636 Fax: (301) 770-6638 e-mail: pdsa@pdsa.org

3. EMedicine - Platelet Disorders : Article By Perumal Thiagarajan, MD platelet disorders The hemostatic system consists of platelets, coagulation factors, and the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. The platelets arise from the cytoplasmic fragmentation of http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic987.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Medicine, Ob/Gyn, Psychiatry, and Surgery Hematology Platelet Disorders Last Updated: February 6, 2003 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: autoimmune thrombocytopenia, alloimmune thrombocytopenia, drug-induced thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, blood disorders, bleeding disorders, hematologic disorders, hemostatic disorders, clotting disorders, hemostatic plug, prolonged bleeding time, petechiae, purpura, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, ITP, TTP, posttransfusion purpura, post-transfusion purpura, neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, hemolytic uremic syndrome, HUS, von Willebrand disease, vWD, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, Glanzmann thrombasthenia, diffuse intravascular coagulation, DIC AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Author Information Introduction Clinical Workup ... Bibliography Author: Perumal Thiagarajan, MD

4. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 11, Ch. 133, Platelet Disorders Section 11. Hematology And Oncology hyperlink to list of chapters in currentsection. Chapter 133. platelet disorders. Topics. General. Thrombocytopenia. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section11/chapter133/133a.jsp

5. EMedicine - Platelet Disorders : Article Excerpt By: Perumal Thiagarajan, MD platelet disorders The hemostatic system consists of platelets, coagulation factors, and the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. The platelets arise from the cytoplasmic fragmentation of http://www.emedicine.com/med/byname/platelet-disorders.htm

(advertisement) Excerpt from Platelet Disorders Synonyms, Key Words, and Related Terms: autoimmune thrombocytopenia, alloimmune thrombocytopenia, drug-induced thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, blood disorders, bleeding disorders, hematologic disorders, hemostatic disorders, clotting disorders, hemostatic plug, prolonged bleeding time, petechiae, purpura, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, ITP, TTP, posttransfusion purpura, post-transfusion purpura, neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, hemolytic uremic syndrome, HUS, von Willebrand disease, vWD, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, Glanzmann thrombasthenia, diffuse intravascular coagulation, DIC Please click here to view the full topic text: Platelet Disorders Background: The hemostatic system consists of platelets, coagulation factors, and the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. The platelets arise from the cytoplasmic fragmentation of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and circulate in blood as disc-shaped anucleate particles. Under normal circumstances, the resistance of the endothelial cell lining to interactions with platelets and coagulation factors prevents thrombosis. When endothelial continuity is disrupted and the underlying matrix is exposed, a coordinated series of events are set in motion to seal the defect (primary hemostasis). Platelets play a primary role in this process, interacting with subendothelium-bound von Willebrand factor (vWf) via the membrane glycoprotein Ib complex. This initial interaction (platelet adhesion) sets the stage for other adhesive reactions that allow the platelets to interact with each other to form an aggregate.

6. Low Platelets Low platelet disorders. (Adapted by the PDSA Staff from A Low Platelet CountMust Be ITP, Right?, by Jonathan G. Drachman MD, Puget Sound Blood Center. http://www.itppeople.com/lowplate.htm

ITP Conference 2004, June 25-27, Baltimore, MD - Register early and save SEARCH About ITP Treatments ... Research Fund Help Us Help You Contribute via the United Way, CFC, car donations, matching gifts... Low Platelet Disorders (Adapted by the PDSA Staff from A Low Platelet Count Must Be ITP, Right?, by Jonathan G. Drachman M.D, Puget Sound Blood Center. The article appeared in The Platelet News, vol.4, no 4, winter 2002/2003, see www.pdsa.org/newsletters.htm A low platelet count is frequently assumed to represent ITP (immune thrombocytopenic purpura). However there are many other possible causes of thrombocytopenia, with clinical severity ranging from trivial to life threatening. ITP is a diagnosis of exclusion. This means that only after all other possible causes of low platelets have been ruled out, can a diagnosis of ITP be settled. This makes it important to know or at least be aware of the other common causes of low platelets that may be mistaken for or misdiagnosed as ITP. These other causes are either platelet production problems centered in the bone marrow or platelet destruction problems centered in the liver or spleen. Some low platelet conditions are characterized by both a low rate of production and a high rate of platelet destruction. The most common conditions or defects responsible for low platelets are listed below in the following categories: I. Platelet Production Problems

7. Platelet Disorders | Inherited Platelet Disorders Autosomal Dominant. SexLinked. Recessive. Inherited Thrombocytosis. I N H E R I T E D P L A T E L E T D I S O R D E R S. Thrombocytopenia (Low Platelet Numbers) Normally, the platelet count is regulated in a range of 150 000 - 400 000/per µl. http://www.familygenetics.net/disorders/thrombocytopenia.htm

Inherited Thrombocytopenia Autosomal Dominant Sex-Linked Recessive ... Inherited Thrombocytosis I N H E R I T E D P L A T E L E T D I S O R D E R S Thrombocytopenia (Low Platelet Numbers) Normally, the platelet count is regulated in a range of 150,000 - 400,000/per µl. Platelet counts of 100,000 - 150,000 are considered borderline or moderate criteria for thrombocytopenia whereas counts less than 100,000/per µl are clearly abnormal. Symptoms do not usually develop until the platelet count is less than 50,000 , at which time easy bruising may be evident (even when there is minimal trauma) and tiny bruises (purple spots called petechiae) may appear on the skin. Surgeons would not perform routine surgery on a patient with less than 50,000 platelets, and the risk of prolonged bleeding after dental procedures or childbirth will be increased. Most commonly, low platelet counts are acquired after birth. Common causes include: pregnancy, chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation, alcohol poisoning, aplastic anemia, leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndrome, all of which are caused by decreased numbers of megakaryocytes and decreased platelet production. Also, thrombocytopenia can result from rapid destruction of platelets from the blood, due to such diseases as Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP), Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC), and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura (TTP). Finally, platelets may be reduced in number as a consequence of an enlarged spleen, which can retain up to 1/3 of the total platelets. A bone marrow exam is usually done to examine the

8. Neonatal Platelet Disorders Neonatal platelet disorders. Authors. Created. 02/04/00 If you do not have Adobe Acrobat Reader installed, you may download a copy here. Neonatal platelet disorders. Authors http://neonatal.peds.washington.edu/NICU-WEB/platelets.stm

University of Washington Academic Medical Center Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center Neonatal Platelet Disorders Authors Created Reviewed Revised This file requires Adobe Acrobat Reader. If you do not have Adobe Acrobat Reader installed, you may download a copy here Neonatal Platelet Disorders Authors About NICU-WEB Authorship Primary Author Thomas Strandjord, M.D. Associate Professor Contributing Authors Christine Gleason, M.D. Professor Alan Hodson, M.D. Professor Craig Jackson, M.D. Professor Dennis Mayock, M.D. Associate Professor Janet Murphy, M.D. Associate Professor Peter Tarczy-Hornoch, M.D. Associate Professor David Woodrum, M.D. Professor Web Mildred Hill EMAIL feedback regarding this document

9. Fight Platelet Disorders Fight platelet disorders. Participate too. There are no cures for immunethrombocytopenic purpura and many other platelet disorders . http://www.pdsa.org/race.htm

ITP Conference 2004, June 25-27, Baltimore, MD SEARCH About ITP Treatments ... Research Fund Help Us Help You Contribute via the United Way, CFC, car donations, matching gifts... Fight Platelet Disorders Participate in Fight Platelet Disorders - The Race is On Help raise funds for research on platelet disorders and help raise awareness too. There are no cures for immune thrombocytopenic purpura and many other platelet disorders . While more is known each year, there are many mysteries to be solved. Not only that, many people don't know about these problems or ways they can help. Click for more information on our research program (Note: All contributions to our research fund are tax deductible!) Look for an existing walking, running, rollerblading or other event in which you would like to participate (or just watch!) Then collect pledges from your family, co-workers, neighbors, etc. for your participation. (See below for pledge form) If you collect $100 or more in pledges (or send us a contribution of $100 or more for our research fund) we will send you a special 'Fight Platelet Disorders' T-shirt. Proudly wear your T-shirt so others can learn about the need to solve platelet problems. Then send the pledged amount to us and we will send you a certificate of appreciation.

10. Semple, John W. Associate Professor at the University of Toronto who researches platelet immunology. Summarises autoimmune platelet disorders. http://www.angelfire.com/ut/johnsnotes/

var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "angelfire.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" John W. Semple's Laboratory Homepage Updated April 20, 2004 Please note that Dr. Semple does not endorse nor advocate the use of any products advertized by Angelfire on this site. The only therapies that are "proven" to help patients with ITP are those that have undergone extensive prospective clinical trials. Herbal formalas HAVE NOT been "proven" to help patients with ITP because they HAVE NOT undergone the scutiny of clinical trials. The Charlatans that advocate their use are simply trying to get your money. PLEASE BEWARE. Welcome. Let me introduce myself. I'm an Associate Professor at the University of Toronto and my lab is located at St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto, Canada. I'm currently a member of the Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group (affectionately known as TPIG ). Its a network of scientists and physcians which are committed to transfusion immunology research. We are also active in disseminating information about immune blood cell disorders. The group has close links with the Hospital for Sick Children , and the Canadian Blood Services.

11. Virtual Hospital: University Of Iowa Family Practice Handbook, Fourth Edition: H Differentiation of platelet versus coagulation defects, presentation, bleeding caused by qualitative platelet disorders and many more topics. http://www.vh.org/adult/provider/familymedicine/FPHandbook/Chapter06/01-6.html

For Providers University of Iowa Family Practice Handbook, Fourth Edition, Chapter 6 Hematologic, Electrolyte, and Metabolic Disorders: Bleeding Disorders Ke Chen, MD, PhD and Mark A. Graber, MD Immediate Care Center, Iowa Health Physicians and Departments of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed by Mosby Presentation Can often determine type of bleeding disorder by history and physical. Is there a family history of bleeding after minor surgical procedures, dental procedures, childbirth, or other trauma? Is this an isolated event, or has the patient had other bleeding episodes? Is the patient receiving medications that can cause a bleeding problem? Many drugs can contribute to bleeding, including semisynthetic penicillins, calcium channel blockers,cephalosporins, dipyridamole, thiazides, alcohol, quinidine, chlorpromazine, sulfonamides, INH, rifampin, methyldopa, phenytoin, barbiturates, warfarin, heparin, thrombolytic agents, NSAIDs and ASA, diuretics, allopurinol, TMP/SMX, and many others. Differentiation of Platelet versus Coagulation Defect Platelet defects Coagulation system defects . "Deep" bleeding (in the joint spaces, muscles, and retroperitoneal spaces) is common. Observed on exam as hematomas and hemarthroses.

12. Bmj.com Liesner And Machin 314 (7083): 809 ABC of clinical haematology platelet disorders. R J Liesner, S J Machin  disorders (eg haemophilia or von Willebrand's disease) and platelet disorders may present at a very young http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/314/7083/809

Home Help Search/Archive Feedback ... Respond to this article PubMed citation Related articles in PubMed Download to Citation Manager Search Medline for articles by: Liesner, R J Machin, S J Alert me when: New articles cite this article BMJ Clinical review ABC of clinical haematology: Platelet disorders R J Liesner S J Machin Introduction Top Introduction Normal haemostasis Congenital abnormalities Acquired abnormalities History and examination of... Investigations Management Platelets are produced predominantly by bone marrow megakaryocytes as a result of budding of the cytoplasmic membrane. Megakaryocytes are derived from the haemopoietic stem cell, which is stimulated to differentiate to mature megakaryocytes under the influence of various cytokines, including thrombopoietin. The life span of a platelet is 7-10 days, and the normal count for all ages is 150-450x10 /l Once released from the bone marrow, young platelets are trapped in the spleen for 36 hours before entering the circulation, where they have a primary haemostatic role. View larger version [in this window] [in a new window] Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia with absent radii (TAR syndrome).

13. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 11, Ch. 133, Platelet Disorders Hematology And Oncology hyperlink to list of chapters in current section. Chapter133. platelet disorders. Topics. Hereditary Intrinsic platelet disorders. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section11/chapter133/133c.jsp

14. Platelet Disorders platelet disorders can be divided into disorders of platelet functionor number. 33,34. QUALITATIVE platelet disorders. Qualitative http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/diseasemanagement/hematology/platelet/platel

Published December 1, 2003 Rachid Baz, MD Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology Tarek Mekhail, MD Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology Print Chapter The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Platelet disorders can be divided into disorders of platelet function or number. THROMBOCYTOPENIAS Platelet Underproduction Platelet ... References THROMBOCYTOPENIAS Thrombocytopenia is defined as a platelet count less than 150,000/mm . With normal platelet function, thrombocytopenia is rarely the cause of bleeding unless the count is less than 50,000/mm . Thrombocytopenia should always be confirmed by examination of a peripheral smear. It can be caused by decreased platelet production, increased destruction, sequestration, or a combination of these causes. PLATELET UNDERPRODUCTION The hallmark of platelet underproduction is decreased marrow megakaryocytes (or, when available, a decreased peripheral blood reticulated platelet count). Common causes include infections (including HIV); drugs (frequently chemotherapy or ethanol, but other medications in rare instances); radiotherapy; vitamin deficiency (folate or vitamin B

15. Platelet Disorders -- Print Version 33,34. QUALITATIVE platelet disorders. Qualitative platelet disordersare iron or folate deficiency. 37. INHERITED platelet disorders. http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/diseasemanagement/hematology/platelet/platel

TITLE: PLATELET DISORDERS AUTHORS: RACHID BAZ, MD Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology TAREK MEKHAIL, MD Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology PUBLISHED: DECEMBER 1, 2003 Print Tables From This Chapter Platelet disorders can be divided into disorders of platelet function or number. THROMBOCYTOPENIAS Thrombocytopenia is defined as a platelet count less than 150,000/mm . With normal platelet function, thrombocytopenia is rarely the cause of bleeding unless the count is less than 50,000/mm . Thrombocytopenia should always be confirmed by examination of a peripheral smear. It can be caused by decreased platelet production, increased destruction, sequestration, or a combination of these causes. PLATELET UNDERPRODUCTION The hallmark of platelet underproduction is decreased marrow megakaryocytes (or, when available, a decreased peripheral blood reticulated platelet count). Common causes include infections (including HIV); drugs (frequently chemotherapy or ethanol, but other medications in rare instances); radiotherapy; vitamin deficiency (folate or vitamin B

16. Teens With Platelet Disorders TOC About Us Contact UsPublications Guest BookPlatelet StoreJoin usHome. FAQ Archives Pregnancy site Search ITP Newsletters. Discussion Teens with platelet disorders. Contents Search Post Welcome! dialog about the subject of ITP and other platelet disorders. Please follow the Netiquette Guidelines http://www.pdsa.org/archive1t

About Us Contact Us Publications Guest Book ... Newsletters Discussion - Teens with Platelet Disorders Contents Search Post Welcome! The purpose of this discussion group is to foster supportive dialog about the subject of ITP and other platelet disorders. Please follow the Netiquette Guidelines The views expressed on the discussion area and resultant communications are those of the contributors and not necessarily the views of PDSA. We assume no responsibility for any actions taken as a result of this information. For advice on your unique medical condition, please consult your health care professional. New to ITP? Read our FAQ Pregnant? Go to our pregnancy site See prior discussion group posts in our archives. CONTENTS Note: you may need to reload this page to see the most recent additions. i feel fat.... anonymist 11 May 2004 Count 'em up! Robyn 27 Apr 2004 Count 'em up! Robyn 27 Apr 2004 Count 'em up! Robyn 27 Apr 2004 Count 'em up!

17. Platelet Disorders | Types Of Inherited Thrombocytosis Thrombocytosis (Increased Platelet Number) When platelets are measured as greaterthan 500,000/per µl it is considered to be thrombocytosis or thrombocythemia http://www.familygenetics.net/disorders/thrombocytosis.htm

Inherited Thrombocytopenia Autosomal Dominant Sex-Linked Recessive ... Inherited Thrombocytosis T Y P E S O F I N H E R I T E D T H R O M B O C Y T O S I S Thrombocytosis (Increased Platelet Number) When platelets are measured as greater than 500,000/per µl it is considered to be thrombocytosis or thrombocythemia. Increased platelet counts may lead to an increased risk of clotting, especially when the platelet count exceeds 1,000,000/per µl. However, if the platelets are abnormal it is possible that bleeding can occur even with elevated platelets. The most common causes of increased platelets are inflammatory processes such as infection that cause the bone marrow to produce more platelets. Iron deficiency also leads to mild-moderate thrombocytosis. When the underlying inflammation or iron deficiency is treated, the platelets return to normal. In contrast, Essential Thrombocytosis (ET) is an acquired condition in which the normal control mechanism for megakaryocyte Recently, it has been recognized that thrombocytosis is inherited in certain families. Specific mutations have been found in the thrombopoietin (TPO) gene leading to overproduction of TPO which drives the platelet production. It is important to recognize this familial association because the syndrome is quite different than ET and may not carry the same risk of leukemia. Treatment for these families should be different than for individuals with ET.

18. Qualitative Platelet Disorders medical condition. Qualitative platelet disorders. What are platelets?Platelets How are platelet disorders diagnosed? The diagnosis of http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/aha/umqpd.htm

Adult Health Topics All Health Topics Find a UMHS Doctor T his information is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a substitute for medical treatment. You should speak to your physician or make an appointment to be seen if you have questions or concerns about this information or your medical condition. Search Adult Topics Search All Topics T his information is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a substitute for medical treatment. You should speak to your physician or make an appointment to be seen if you have questions or concerns about this information or your medical condition. Qualitative Platelet Disorders What are platelets? Platelets are small disc shaped cells that are formed in the bone marrow. Seventy to eighty percent of platelets circulate in the bloodstream while the remainders are stored in the spleen. The average platelet lives about 10 days. Platelets play a crucial role in helping blood to clot. The primary functions of platelets are adhesion, aggregation, activation and secretion (Table I). A defect in any one of these functions will result in an increased tendency to bleed. Table I Platelet Functions Platelet adhesion occurs when there is an injury to a blood vessel. Platelets attach to the lining of the injured blood vessel and begin the first phase of the clotting process.

19. Platelet Disorders platelet disorders. Qualitative. Functional disorders (adhesion, aggregation,secretion); Very rare; Only once laboratory testing has http://www.uq.edu.au/vdu/HDUAnaemiaPlatelet.htm

Platelet Disorders Qualitative Functional disorders (adhesion, aggregation, secretion) Very rare Only once laboratory testing has eliminated all else do we settle for this Perform a blood smear from blood without an anticoagulant and look for clumping BT - normal reflects good function Perform platelet aggregation studies Bernard Soulier Syndrome Autosomal recessive, lifelong bleeding disorder Epistaxis, gastrointestinal tract bleeding, menorrhagia, easy bruising and excess bleeding following trauma Lack portions of the platelet membrane (eg GP Ib) which prevents interaction of platelets with vWF and subsequent adhesion to collagen Platelet count is normal to decreased BT is prolonged (relative to the slight decrease in platelets) Platelet aggregation test abnormal / Ristocetin abnormal New look for June 2003 CONTACT VDU HOME VIROLOGY KIDS STUFF HAEMATOLOGY ... JOIN UP

20. Platelet And Bleeding Disorders - Information / Diagnosis / Treatment / Preventi Platelet Disorder Support Association Information and support for thosewith immune thrombocytopenic purpura and other low platelet disorders. http://www.healthcyclopedia.com/blood-disorders/platelet.html

Home Health cyclopedia All Topics by Category The Good Health Search Engine Health Conditions A-Z Gurus ... blood disorders > platelet Platelet and Bleeding Disorders Information / Diagnosis / Treatment / Prevention External links (marked with an arrow ) open in a new window. This site is a web directory and does not offer medical advice. We cannot take responsibility for information found on listed sites. This Page Medical Definition Health News Web Directory: Medical Definition: University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Medical Dictionary: "platelet" Health News: Search millions of published articles for news on Platelet and Bleeding Disorders Modern Medicine Aging The Ardell Wellness Report HealthFacts Medical Post Medical Update Men's Health and the National Women's Health Report Note: Subscription required to access the full text of articles. Web Directory: Acquired Bleeding Disorders An article by Thomas G. DeLoughery, Associate Professor of Medicine. Platelet transfusion therapy and dysfunctional platelets are discussed. Adult Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura A guide for patients. A description of this disease followed by an in depth look. Essential Thrombocythemia Information on diagnosis, treatment, and management of rare bone marrow disease affecting platelets

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