21. NPR : Slate's Explainer: 'Persistent Vegetative State' Slate senior editor Andy Bowers explains persistent vegetative state the term doctors have used to describe Terri Schiavo s condition. http://www.npr.org/features/feature.php?wfId=1476503

22. Persistent Vegetative State (PVS) persistent vegetative state (PVS). A vegetative state can be definedas a clinical condition of unawareness of self and environment http://www.ascensionhealth.org/ethics/public/issues/persistent.asp

- Select - Advocacy AHV Ethics Finance HIPAA Leadership Dev Locations Newsroom Patient Safety Site Map Statistics Select a State AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DC DE FL GA HI ID IL IN IA KS KY LA ME MD MA MI MN MS MO MT NE NV NH NJ NM NY NC ND OH OK OR PA PR RI SC SD TN TX UT VT VA WA WV WI WY Persistent Vegetative State (PVS) A vegetative state can be defined as "a clinical condition of unawareness of self and environment in which the patient breathes spontaneously, has a stable circulation, and shows cycles of eye closure and opening which may simulate sleep and waking" [Working Group of Royal College Physicians, "The Permanent Vegetative State," The Journal of the Royal College of Physicians 430 (1996): 119-21]. Since patients in such a state sometimes show behavior that could be interpreted as evidence of consciousness, the diagnosis is not always self-evident. Additionally, the condition of being in a vegetative state is similar to that of other conditions that involve the absence or partial absence of awareness of self and the environment, such as coma, locked-in syndrome and akinetic mutism. The Multi-Society Task Force on PVS (MSTF) has recommended the use of seven clinical criteria in making the diagnosis. It also has been suggested that these criteria be reviewed through neurologic examinations repeatedly. According to the MSTF and the American Neurological Association , the vegetative state has to have endured for at least one month in order for it to be considered persistent [The Multi-Society Task Force on PVS, "Medical Aspects of the Persistent Vegetative State,"

23. Persistent Vegetative State - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia persistent vegetative state. A persistent vegetative state is not the same as coma,the major distinction being that coma sufferers cannot breathe on their own. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent_vegetative_state

Persistent vegetative state From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A persistent vegetative state (or PVS) is a condition of patients with severe brain damage in whom coma has progressed to a state of "wakefulness without awareness". The term was introduced by two doctors in 1972 to describe a syndrome that seemed to have been made possible by medicine 's increased capacities to keep patients' bodies alive. A persistent vegetative state is not the same as coma , the major distinction being that coma sufferers cannot breathe on their own. Patients in a persistent vegetative state are usually considered to be unconscious and unaware, but exhibit sleep -wake cycles and some behaviors that can be construed as arising from partial consciousness, such as grinding their teeth, swallowing, smiling, shedding tears, grunting, moaning, or screaming without any apparent external stimulus . Their heads and eyes can track moving objects or turn towards a sound . Commonly, family members who visit the patient will detect evidence of awareness when doctors with limited patient contact will deny it. Many people have recovered from PVS, and there is evidence that eye tracking is often the earliest symptom of recovery. As opposed to brain death , PVS is not recognized as death in any known legal system.

24. Permanent Or Persistent Vegetative State (PVS) Permanent or persistent vegetative state (PVS) The first important thingto acknowledge about a diagnosis of permanent or persistent http://www.sclhsc.org/mission_vision_values/ethics/pvs.asp

Permanent or Persistent Vegetative State (PVS) The first important thing to acknowledge about a diagnosis of "permanent or persistent vegetative state (PVS)," is that it is a harsh term that seems to imply what is not, or should not, be intended. That is, it does not mean that the patient has ceased to be a human person with the dignity of every other human person. This human dignity cannot be diminished by disease or disability. Nevertheless, PVS is a profoundly serious condition. Though there are many questions about the continuation of medical treatment for these patients (because of the gravity of their circumstances) basic care should continue. The term "permanent vegetative state" was coined by neurosurgeons Bryan Jennett and Fred Plum in 1972 to describe a condition resulting from severe brain damage. Using their words, it is described as coma characterized by "wakefulness without awareness." In 1983, the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research accepted the definition of persistent vegetative state as the "inability to experience the environment." It is one type of permanent unconsciousness.

25. Encyclopaedia Topic : Persistent Vegetative State, Section : Definition persistent vegetative state. Search. Help. Definition. Definition. Persistentvegetative state (PVS) usually occurs after a severe head injury. http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/en.asp?TopicID=606

26. WMA - Policy Policy, World Medical Association Statement on persistent vegetative state.Adopted by the 41st World Medical Assembly Hong Kong, September http://www.wma.net/e/policy/p11.htm

Policy World Medical Association Statement on Persistent Vegetative State Adopted by the 41st World Medical Assembly Hong Kong, September 1989 Preamble Present requirements of health reporting fails to provide an accurate estimate of the incidence and prevalence of worldwide individuals in a persistent vegetative state (PVS). Ten years ago, a prevalence of 2 to 3 per 100,000 was estimated for Japan. It seems likely that the absolute number of such cases has risen appreciably as a consequence of current practices in critical medicine, cardiorespiratory support, parenteral feeding, and control of infections in severely brain damaged patients. How to deal with this emotionally painful, financially costly, and generally unwanted outcome of modern medical treatment is an increasing problem. Persistent Vegetative State Recovery Guidelines These rare examples notwithstanding, the data indicate that unawareness for six months predicts nonrecovery or overwhelming disability with a high degree of certainty regardless of the nature of the insult to the brain. Therefore, a conservative criterion for the diagnosis of PVS would be observed unawareness for at least 12 months although cognitive recovery after six months is exceedingly rare in patients over 50.

27. Physician Magazine - Persistent Vegetative State: persistent vegetative state A Condition of Medical and Moral ConfusionBy Karla Dial Despite a quartercentury s worth of research http://www.family.org/physmag/issues/a0029588.html

A Condition of Medical and Moral Confusion Search the Site: Physician Magazine Marriage and Family Personal and Spiritual Growth Missions and Models ... Resources Persistent Vegetative State: A Condition of Medical and Moral Confusion By Karla Dial Despite a quarter-century's worth of research, many doctors still have much to learn about PVS and how to treat patients who are in it. During the fall of 2003, the nation’s attention riveted on Florida, where legislative and legal maneuverings would determine the fate of a woman scheduled to die. The death sentence was averted thanks to a last-minute reprieve by Gov. Jeb Bush. But the proceedings involving Terri Schindler-Schiavo didn’t capture people’s minds because she had committed a heinous crime just the opposite, in fact. Terri is guilty of nothing, except being alive. The quality of her life, though, is the crux of the matter. Having fallen into a coma under mysterious circumstances in 1990 at the age of 26, Terri remains in what her husband’s doctors declared to be a persistent vegetative state (PVS). But Terri’s parents insist she is completely aware only physically impaired. Terri breaths on her own, but relies on a gastrostomy tube for nutrition and hydration. Her husband, Michael Schiavo, is challenging Gov. Bush, asking the courts to remove the tube, which would result in Terri’s death by starvation.

28. Persistent Vegetative State - Encyclopedia Article About Persistent Vegetative S encyclopedia article about persistent vegetative state. Persistent vegetativestate in Free online English dictionary, thesaurus and encyclopedia. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Persistent vegetative state

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Persistent vegetative state Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition A persistent vegetative state (or PVS) is a condition of patients with severe brain For other articles about other subjects named brain see brain (disambiguation). In the anatomy of animals, the brain , or encephalon , is the supervisory center of the nervous system. Although the brain is usually cited as the supervisory center of vertebrate nervous systems, the same term can also be used for the invertebrate central nervous system. Click the link for more information. damage in whom coma For other meanings of the word "coma", especially in astronomy, see coma (disambiguation) In medicine, a coma is a profound state of unconsciousness, which may result from a variety of conditions including intoxication (drug, alcohol or toxins), metabolic abnormalities (hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, ketosis, etc.), central nervous system diseases, stroke, head trauma, seizures, and hypoxia. The metabolic abnormalities are the most common causes of coma. The difference between coma and stupor is that a patient with coma cannot give a suitable response to either noxious or verbal stimuli, whereas a patient in a stupor can give a rough response (like screaming) to a noxious stimulus. Click the link for more information.

29. Coma And Persistent Vegetative State COMA and persistent vegetative state. CONTENTS. What are coma and persistentvegetative state? Is there any treatment? What is the prognosis? http://www.neuroskills.com/tbi/coma.shtml

COMA and PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE CONTENTS What are coma and persistent vegetative state? Is there any treatment? What is the prognosis? What research is being done? Where can I find more information? DESCRIPTION: TREATMENT: Once the patient is out of immediate danger, although still in coma or vegetative state, the medical care team will concentrate on preventing infections and maintaining the patient's physical state as much as possible. Such maintenance includes preventing pneumonia and bed sores and providing balanced nutrition. Physical therapy may also be used to prevent contractures (permanent muscular contractions) and orthopedic deformities that would limit recovery for the patients who emerge from coma. PROGNOSIS: The outcome for coma and vegetative state depends on the cause and on the location, severity, and extent of neurological damage: outcomes range from recovery to death. People may emerge from a coma with a combination of physical, intellectual, and psychological difficulties that need special attention. Recovery usually occurs gradually, with patients acquiring more and more ability to respond. Some patients never progress beyond very basic responses, but many recover full awareness. Patients recovering from coma require close medical supervision. A coma rarely lasts more than 2 to 4 weeks. Some patients may regain a degree of awareness after vegetative state. Others may remain in a vegetative state for years or even decades. The most common cause of death for a person in a vegetative state is infection such as pneumonia.

30. PetersNet: Jane D. Hoyt, M.Ed., Persistent Vegetative State The author of this document is Jane D. Hoyt, M.Ed.. The title is PersistentVegetative State. persistent vegetative state. Author Jane D. Hoyt, M.Ed. http://www.petersnet.net/browse/831.htm

PetersNet Document Database from Trinity Communications Visit PetersNet for access to our complete Catholic search engine. Persistent Vegetative State Author: Jane D. Hoyt, M.Ed. Title: Persistent Vegetative State Larger Work: Euthanasia: Imposed Death Pages: Human Life Alliance of Minnesota Education Fund, Inc., 1999 Description: An article which briefly explains what is meant by the expression, a "persistent vegetative state". Persistent Vegetative State The ultimate focus of euthanasia enthusiasts is not those who are truly dying. Quite bluntly, if one is truly dying, nature will soon take its course. The real targets are those who are not dying quickly enough, those whom ethicist Daniel Callahan unkindly termed "biologically tenacious."[1] There have been attempts to redefine death to include persons in "persistent vegetative state" (PVS) in order to discontinue care and/or use their organs/bodies for transplantation/experimentation. Experts disagree about what PVS is; some medical dictionaries do not even include the phrase. While standards have been proposed, they are not accepted by the entire medical community, and methods and time-frame for diagnostic testing are disputed. The person in PVS is neither unconscious nor in a coma, and typically has sleep-wake cycles, eye movement, and normal respiratory, circulatory, and digestive functions. Some have random movement, some do not; some can swallow, others cannot. Some have been physically injured from accidents, others suffer from stroke or dementia. In some cases, the brain itself appears to change, in other cases, it appears unchanged.

31. Catholic Culture : Caring For Persons In The Persistent Vegetative State (Docume Descriptive Title Caring for Persons in the persistent vegetative state . AuthorDr. William E. May. Caring for Persons in the persistent vegetative state . http://www.catholicculture.org/docs/doc_view.cfm?recnum=3481

32. Catholic Culture : Persistent Vegetative State (Document) Title persistent vegetative state. persistent vegetative state. The ultimatefocus of euthanasia enthusiasts is not those who are truly dying. http://www.catholicculture.org/docs/doc_view.cfm?recnum=831

33. Persistent Vegetative State And Coma: XtraMSN Health 2004. A to Z Conditions. persistent vegetative state and Coma Health24A coma is a profound or deep state of unconsciousness. Coma http://www.xtramsn.co.nz/health/0,,8065-1670003,00.html

Advanced Search Home Hotmail Search ... Help navBG = '#336699'; navOverBG = '#6699FF'; casText = '#FFFFFF'; casTextOver = '#FFCC00'; casBG = '#6699FF'; casOverBG = '#336699'; Ask The Expert Beauty Fitness Health Library Natural Health Relationships Parenting SEARCH WEB FOR: BROWSE XTRAMSN: -Select - Auto/Bike/Boat Broadband Budget 2004 Business Careers Entertainment Games Kids Money Motoring News Personals Rugby Shopping Sport Travel Weather Help SEARCH HEALTH RELATED ITEMS: Xtra Travel XtraMSN Sport Contact Us Health Headlines Smoking Makes Saliva Dangerous Main Road Living Ups Heart Risk Don't Eat Less - Eat Differently Kiwis Wising Up On Antibiotics ... Health Wake-Up Call To Airlines You are here : XtraMSN Health Library A to Z Conditions Thu 03 June 2004 A to Z Conditions Persistent Vegetative State and Coma A coma is a profound or deep state of unconsciousness. Coma may occur as an expected progression or complication of an underlying illness, or as a result of an event such as head trauma. A persistent vegetative state (PVS) sometimes follows a coma. PVS refers to a condition in which individuals have lost cognitive neurological function and awareness of the environment.

34. Coma And Persistent Vegetative State: XtraMSN Health 2004. A to Z Conditions. Coma and persistent vegetative state Health24A coma is a profound or deep state of unconsciousness. Coma http://www.xtramsn.co.nz/health/0,,8065-1669789,00.html

Advanced Search Home Hotmail Search ... Help navBG = '#336699'; navOverBG = '#6699FF'; casText = '#FFFFFF'; casTextOver = '#FFCC00'; casBG = '#6699FF'; casOverBG = '#336699'; Ask The Expert Beauty Fitness Health Library Natural Health Relationships Parenting SEARCH WEB FOR: BROWSE XTRAMSN: -Select - Auto/Bike/Boat Broadband Budget 2004 Business Careers Entertainment Games Kids Money Motoring News Personals Rugby Shopping Sport Travel Weather Help SEARCH HEALTH RELATED ITEMS: Xtra Travel XtraMSN Sport Contact Us Health Headlines Smoking Makes Saliva Dangerous Main Road Living Ups Heart Risk Don't Eat Less - Eat Differently Kiwis Wising Up On Antibiotics ... Health Wake-Up Call To Airlines You are here : XtraMSN Health Library A to Z Conditions Thu 03 June 2004 A to Z Conditions Coma and Persistent Vegetative State A coma is a profound or deep state of unconsciousness. Coma may occur as an expected progression or complication of an underlying illness, or as a result of an event such as head trauma. A persistent vegetative state (PVS)sometimes follows a coma. PVS refers to a condition in which individuals have lost cognitive neurological function and awareness of the environment.

35. Diagnosis Of Persistent Vegetative State Questioned As Former Patient Speaks Out Wednesday November 12, 2003. Printer friendly version. Email to a friend. Diagnosisof persistent vegetative state Questioned as Former Patient Speaks Out. http://www.lifesite.net/ldn/2003/nov/03111207.html

May Interim on line Campaign Life Coalition Canadian Federal Election page will be on LifeSite by the end of this week MP Voting Records The Inherent Racism of Population Control - A MUST READ Politics International What Can I Do? Educational Information News Partners Culture Features Crisis Pregnancy Support Search LifeSite: Free Daily Updates New on LifeSite ... Site Map Wednesday November 12, 2003 Printer friendly version Email to a friend Diagnosis of Persistent Vegetative State Questioned as Former Patient Speaks Out TAMPA BAY, November 12, 2003 (LifeSiteNews.com) - The case of disabled Florida woman Terri Schiavo, who has been falsely labelled as being in a "persistent vegetative state" (PVS) by most major media outlets, has drawn attention to the controversial diagnosis which suggests the medical state is permanent. Even those who contend that PVS is a viable diagnosis suggest that patients are frequently misdiagnosed as being in PVS. According to a study published in the July 6, 1996 British Medical Journal, 43% of patients diagnosed with PVS do not qualify for the diagnosis. Last week Kate Adamson appeared on the programme O'Reilly Factor to relate she was diagnosed as being in a vegetative state and, like Terri Schiavo, her feeding tube was removed, only to be reinserted after eight days after her lawyer-husband threatened to sue the hospital if they did not reinsert it. Adamson also refuted the testimony of Terri's husband Michael Schiavo who suggested that PVS patients do not feel the pain of starvation.

36. Neurological Disorders, Brain Diseases, Chronic Damage, Persistent Vegetative St Neurological Disorders, Brain Diseases, Chronic Damage, Persistent VegetativeState. Submit Your Site to the persistent vegetative state category. http://www.iseekhealth.com/persistent_vegetative_state-1946.php

Home About Us Contact Submit Your Site Search : Home Health Conditions and Diseases Neurological Disorders ... Persistent Vegetative State More Persistent Vegetative State Categories: Submit Your Site to the Persistent Vegetative State category Sponsored Persistent Vegetative State Sites Brain Disease. Is It Alzheimer's? Alzheimer's is a disease of the brain. It makes it hard for people to remember, think, and use language. It can also make it difficult to do daily tasks like using the phone and cooking. But early treatment may help. Learn how to spot early symptoms. Fully searchable traditional medicine and alternative medicine books, videos and products for doctors, students and the public. An affiliate of Amazon.com. PCBs May Cause Brain Damage and Memory Problems Because PCBs damage the thyroid gland, scientists believe PCBs may damage the brain and cause memory problems, along with altered thyroid hormone levels. MCW HealthLink - A look at coma and persistent vegetative state. Includes a discussion on treatments and prognosis. NINDS Information Page - Coma and persistent vegetative state data compiled by The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.

37. Daily Poll: Persistent Vegetative State: A Reason To Die? There are some who, after an illness or an accident, end up in a persistentvegetative state, with no hope of recovery. All higher http://atheism.about.com/b/a/084612.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') Tac(zh+'te.'+uy+'/blank.gif',zJs) About Agnosticism / Atheism Home Essentials ... Evolution vs. Creationism zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Does God Exist? Ethics and Morality Islam and Muslims Religious Right ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Agnosticism / Atheism newsletter. Search Agnosticism / Atheism Daily Poll: Persistent Vegetative State: A Reason to Die? Agnosticism/Atheism Blog Main May 15, 2004 Daily Poll: Persistent Vegetative State: A Reason to Die? There are some who, after an illness or an accident, end up in a 'persistent vegetative state,' with no hope of recovery. All higher cognitive functions are gone and there is no reason to think that they will come back. Would you want to continue in such a state, or would you rather die? Read More... Email a Friend Display Latest Headlines Read Archives Most Popular Atheism Guide: Introduction to atheism, agnosticism, freetho... Skepticism and Critical Thinking Islam FAQ: Muslim Beliefs What's Hot Pledge of Allegiance, Under God - Recent News and Posts

38. Persistent Vegetative State From Linkspider UK Health Directory persistent vegetative state by Linkspider UK, persistent vegetative statelinks and persistent vegetative state topics from our Health directory. http://linkspider.co.uk/Health/ConditionsandDiseases/NeurologicalDisorders/Brain

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39. Persistent Vegetative State - Dictionary Definition By Freesearch Back to freesearch Dictionary Home. persistent vegetative state.noun {U} SPECIALIZED. a medical condition in which a person s brain http://www.freesearch.co.uk/dictionary/persistent vegetative state

persistent vegetative state a medical condition in which a person's brain shows no sign of activity and they have to be kept alive by drugs and machines document.write(''); Home Contact us Terms Policy

40. Persistent Vegetative State - No Advance Directive: Right Of Substitute Decision for the Nursing Profession(4)10 Jul 96 Quick Summary The decision to remove lifesustaining treatment from an adult in a persistent vegetative state, who did http://www.nursinglaw.com/lifesupport1.htm

Legal Eagle Eye Newsletter for the Nursing Profession(4)10 Jul 96 Quick Summary: The decision to remove life sustaining treatment from an adult in a persistent vegetative state, who did not leave expressed directions as to the maintenance of life support, can be made by a close family member and two qualified physicians, without court approval. A young man sustained severe head injuries and never regained consciousness. After he had been in a nursing home for seventeen years, his mother asked the nursing home to remove his gastrostomy tube, and to let her son expire. The nursing home refused to terminate life support, unless so ordered by the court. Her son had never expressly stated his wishes concerning life support, but his mother believed he would not have wanted his life prolonged artificially. SUPREME COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA, 1996. In 1972 a twenty-year-old man sustained severe head injuries, but regained consciousness with marked limitations in his cognitive abilities compared to his pre-injury status. In 1976, while being treated in a hospital, he suffered a second head injury, in a manner not specified in the court record, from which he never regained consciousness. Shortly thereafter, he was diagnosed as being in a persistent vegetative state. For purposes of deciding the present case, the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania accepted the definition of persistent vegetative state as:

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