1. Surgical Corrective Procedure For Pectus Excavatum And Pectus Carinatum Surgical Corrective Procedure for pectus excavatum and Pectus Carinatum. Correction What is pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum? Pectus http://www.pectusdeformity.com/

Surgical Corrective Procedure for Pectus Excavatum and Pectus Carinatum Correction of chest wall defects known as pectus excavatum (sternal depression) and pectus carinatum (sternal protrusion) are now available to patients through the development of a new surgical procedure performed by Dr. Arnold Leonard What is pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum Pectus Excavatum The defect known as pectus excavatum, or funnel chest, and pectus carinatum, know as pigeon breast, are congenital anomalies of the anterior chest wall. The excavatum defect is characterized by a deep depression of the sternum, usually involving the lower half or two thirds of the sternum, with the most recessed or deepest area at the junction of the chest and the abdomen. The lower 4-6 costal or rib cartilages, dip backward abnormally to increase the deformity or depression and push the sternum posterior or backward toward the spine. Also, in many of these deformities, the sternum is asymmetric or it courses to the right or left in this depression. In most instances, the depression is on the right side. Also, because of the pressure of the sternum and cartilages, the abdomen looks like a "potbelly". The entire defect pushes also the midline structures so that the lungs are compressed from side to side and the heart (right ventricle) is compressed. The pectus excavatum defect is found in somewhere between 1 in every 500-1000 children. It does occur in families and thus, is inherited in many instances. Other problems, especially in the muscle and skeletal system, also may accompany this defect. In approximately 1/5 of the patients, scoliosis is present. The defect is seen shortly after birth and then progresses to its maximum after the growth period in adolescence. The regression or any improvement in this defect rarely occurs because of the fixation of the cartilages and the ligaments. When one takes a deep breath or inspires, the defect is usually accentuated.

2. Pectus Excavatum Surgical Procedure The pectus excavatum Surgical Procedure. I d like to share my experience with pectus excavatum with anyone who thinks that it might help them. http://www.ccone.com/pectus/

The Pectus Excavatum Surgical Procedure Hi, My name is Allison. I'd like to share my experience with Pectus Excavatum with anyone who thinks that it might help them. If your curious about the surgery itself, or need help getting your insurance company to pay for it, or you just need to talk to someone who knows what you are going through about PE, I hope this will help. About 1 year post op (7-4-99). Metal strut to be removed in about a week. Pre Operation D anny has had PE since birth, and the doctor we had then told us not to worry about it. He said as long as it wasn't affecting his heart or lungs to leave it alone; that if it bothered him cosmetically when he got older he could lift weights to build up the muscles behind it to make it look better. The orthopedist we went to a few months ago told us that weights would not do any good. I knew Danny's condition had gotten worse over the years, but I never did anything about it because I relied on what the doctor had told me. I hadn't realized just how bad it had gotten until we went for a routine checkup and I saw Danny without his shirt. Danny is 10 years old so I don't see him without his clothes too often and he ALWAYS wore a shirt when swimming etc. Our pediatrician said we should just get it checked out to be sure. Danny did get a little short of breath when running, but not too bad. We were sent us to a great Pediatric Orthopedist, who sent us to a Thoracic Surgeon, Dr. Jeff Spillane in Frederick, Maryland.

3. Pectus Excavatum - Genetic And Nutritional Factors Reviews nutrition as a factor in pectus excavatum. Reviews pectus excavatum as a feature of rickets and connective tissue disorders. pectus excavatum, x, x, x, x. http://www.ctds.info/pectus_excavatum.html

Con nective Tissue Disorder Home Search Site Map ... Links Pectus Excavatum Explores PE in Hereditary Connective Tissue Disorders and Rickets Read my Contents: Overview Scoliosis, Bone Densities and Pectus Excavatum PE and Rickets Blue Sclera, Pectus Excavatum and Rickets ... Summary Overview Pectus excavatum (PE) is defined as an abnormal formation of the rib cage where the breastbone caves in, resulting in a sunken chest appearance. Many doctors describe PE as a cosmetic defect or a congenital defect that is correctable only through surgery. But is it? This web site looks at the environmental factors that may influence pectus excavatum and the other rachitic skeletal features that often occur along with it, such as bowed limbs, scoliosis and flat feet. Return to top Scoliosis, Bone Densities and Pectus Excavatum Research shows that pectus excavatum is closely associated with scoliosis . Almost all studies of scoliosis and bone densities show that people with the disorder have low bone densities. A 1999 study in Europe recommended that everyone with scoliosis be screened for osteopenia, even children. (See my related section on

4. Pectus Excavatum An information site on pectus excavatum profiling a young adult with the condition. Includes pectus excavatum images, pectus excavatum resource links, pectus excavatum discussion forum, Pectus http://www.pectusinfo.com/

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5. UK Pectus Excavatum And Pectus Carinatum Information Site UK pectus excavatum and Pectus Carinatum. Information Site. Introduction. What is Pectus. Excavatum/Carinatum? Living with a. Pectus Deformity. Nonsurgical Treatment. Surgical Treatment. Photo Illustration. Further Advice. Other Links Welcome to our information site on pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum. Pectus deformities are the most common http://www.pectus.org/

UK Pectus Excavatum and Pectus Carinatum Information Site Introduction What is Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum? Living with a Pectus Deformity ... Sign our Guestbook Welcome to our information site on pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum. Pectus deformities are the most common congenital chest wall deformities and are more popularly known as 'funnel chest' or 'sunken chest' (pectus excavatum) and 'pigeon chest' (pectus carinatum). This site has been designed primarily to provide those with a pectus deformity with information; to understand what a pectus deformity is, how and why it may affect you and how and where to get further advice. This site also provides links to many UK specialist hospitals treating patients with pectus deformities, to provide and share the most up to date, accurate information with doctors and nurses.

6. Pectus Excavatum Reviews nutrition as a factor in pectus excavatum. Reviews pectus excavatum as a feature of rickets and connective tissue disorders. The page pectus excavatum Genetic and Nutritional Factors at this URL has moved to www.ctds.info/pectus_excavatum.html Please click on the link above to go to http://www.mindspring.com/~sandysimmons/pectus_excavatum.html

The page: Pectus Excavatum: Genetic and Nutritional Factors that was formerly at this URL has moved to www.ctds.info/pectus_excavatum.html Please click on the link above to go to the new URL. If you have bookmarked this site, please remember to update your bookmarks with the new URL. If you have linked to this page in the past from your web site, please update your link to point to the new page. By linking to my new page, it will help the search engines find my site under its new URL, and your site will avoid having a broken link when this forwarding page is removed in the near future. Thanks! Common sense is in medicine the master workman. Peter Latham Medicine being a compendium of the successive and contradictory mistakes of medical practitioners, when we summon the wisest of them to our aid, the chances are that we may be relying on a scientific truth the error of which will be recognized in a few years' time. M. Proust

7. EMedicine - Pectus Excavatum : Article By Andre Hebra, MD pectus excavatum pectus excavatum, also known as sunken chest, is a congenital chest wall deformity in which several ribs and the sternum grow abnormally, producing a concave, or caved-in, directly responsible for the development of pectus excavatum. Despite the lack of http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2558.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Pediatrics Pulmonology Pectus Excavatum Last Updated: February 25, 2004 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: sunken chest, congenital chest wall deformity, pectus, Marfan syndrome, Poland syndrome, minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum, MIRPE, Nuss technique, open Ravitch technique for repair of pectus excavatum AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Andre Hebra, MD , Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, University of South Florida School of Medicine; Director, Minimally Invasive Pediatric Surgery Program, Chief of Surgery, All Children's Hospital Andre Hebra, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha American Academy of Pediatrics American College of Surgeons American Medical Association ... Southeastern Surgical Congress , and Southern Medical Association Editor(s): Girish Sharma, MD

8. Jacobs - Pectus Excavatum Navigation Menu. Patient Selection. Operative Steps. Preference Card. Tips and Pitfalls. Results. References. Patient Selection. Figure 1. The typical appearance of a pectus excavatum deformity. http://www.ctsnet.org/doc/6705

CTSNET Experts' Techniques, General Thoracic Experts' Techniques Section Editor: Mark K. Ferguson, M.D. Navigation Menu Patient Selection Operative Steps Preference Card Tips and Pitfalls ... References Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Repair of Pectus Excavatum Jeffrey P. Jacobs, M.D. www.heartsurgery-csa.com Cardiac Surgical Associates Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Saint Petersburg, Florida, U.S.A. Patient Selection Figure 1. The typical appearance of a pectus excavatum deformity. Pectus excavatum, a relatively commonly occurring congenital chest wall deformity in children, is a depression of the sternum that commonly starts at the angle of Louis, and is deepest at the xiphisternal junction [1] (Figure 1) . When severe, pectus excavatum deformity can cause cardiopulmonary insufficiency from the compression of the right atrium and right ventricle and diminished vital capacity of the lungs [1]. A variety of techniques are available to repair pectus excavatum deformity. The classic open surgical repair of pectus excavatum (the Ravitch repair) entails subperichondrial resection of the deformed cartilages and a sternal osteotomy [2], often combined with retrosternal support with a metal bar [3, 4, 5]. Three other pectus excavatum repair techniques include sternal turnover, unilateral costoplasty, and silicone implant reconstruction. Operative Steps Figure 2.

9. LLUCH - Pediatric Surgery - Pectus Excavatum pectus excavatum. pectus excavatum is the most common congenital chest wall deformity, also known as "funnel of deformity and symptoms from pectus excavatum range from mild to severe http://www.llu.edu/lluch/pedsurg/pectus.htm

Pectus excavatum Pectus excavatum is the most common congenital chest wall deformity, also known as "funnel chest" or "sunken chest." It involves a depression of the anterior chest wall and the sternum. It is often present at birth and is usually noted within the first year of life. Pectus excavatum tends to run in the family and occurs more frequently in boys than girls. The cause is still unknown. There is an association of pectus excavatum with other musculoskeletal abnormalities such as Marfan's syndrome or scoliosis. The extent of deformity and symptoms from pectus excavatum range from mild to severe. A pectus is usually well tolerated in infancy or childhood. An operation to correct the deformity may be indicated if there are severe symptoms related to lung or heart functionparticularly if diagnostic tests document these limitations. Cosmetic and psycho-social considerations may also lead to a decision to operate on a child with pectus. The decision to perform a corrective procedure for pectum excavatum must be made carefully, allowing time for consideration of the risks and benefits by both parents and children. The operation The operative management of pectum excavatum has evolved over time. Since the 1940s, pectus excavatum has been treated by removal of the cartilage connecting some of the ribs to the sternum along with cutting through part of the sternum to allow it to be pulled forward. Over the last decade a less invasive approach to pectus excavatum has been developed.

10. Nuss Method Of Surgical Correction Of Pectus Excavatum of the minimally invasive surgery used by Dr. Donald Nuss to repair pectus excavatum (funnel chest), using a contoured bar and involving no cutting of cartilage or bone. With pictures....... http://www.chkd.org/spotlight/pectus_excavatum/pectus_journal.htm

11. Pectus Excavatum: FAQ On Surgery, Exercises & MVP Frequently asked about pectus excavatum. Covers topics on surgery, exercises, mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and other heart problems. pectus excavatum. http://www.ctds.info/pectus_excavatum_faq.html

Con nective Tissue Disorder Home Search Site Map ... Links Pectus Excavatum Frequently Asked Questions What can you tell me about surgery for pectus excavatum? I have PE and I get weird pains and palpitations in my chest and heart Are there exercises to correct pectus excavatum? Should everyone with PE have an echocardiogram? Read my Continued at Pectus Excavatum FAQ - Part II The book I own with the most information on pectus excavatum, enlarged foreheads and other signs of rickets is Let's Have Healthy Children by Adelle Davis. Miss Davis was a nutritionist who wrote at length in this book on the signs of rickets in children and how these signs of rickets were often ignored by doctors. Question : What can you tell me about surgery for pectus excavatum Answer One point to note is that if I had to do my pectus excavatum surgery over again, I would only go to a surgeon who specialized in pectus excavatum repair. I had my operation when I was 17 and didn't know how to evaluate and compare surgeons, so I just went to a a thoracic surgeon referred to me by my family doctor. The surgeon I went to did not specialize in pectus excavatum, and I realize now he probably had not done very many of these types of surgeries and was not aware of the latest techniques.

12. Children's Surgery Information on children's surgery for correction of specific conditions, such as hernias, pectus excavatum, Hirschsprung's disease. http://www.childrensurgery.com/

13. What Is Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum? UK pectus excavatum and Pectus Carinatum Information Site. Return to Home Page, What is pectus excavatum/Carinatum? http://www.pectus.org/whatis.htm

UK Pectus Excavatum and Pectus Carinatum Information Site What is Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum? What is Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum? Living with a Pectus Deformity ... Sign our Guestbook Pectus deformities occur in 1-8: 1000 population and are more frequent in boys than girls. In pectus excavatum (funnel chest) the sternum (breastbone) is depressed in a concave shape and in pectus carinatum (pigeon chest) the sternum is protruded in a convex shape. There may be asymmetry of the chest and the sternum may be rotated. The deformity varies in severity, ranging from a mild indentation/protrusion to severe, for example a patient with a severe pectus excavatum may have only a few centimetres between his/her sternum and vertebral column. Most patients have a slim chest, a slouching posture and younger children commonly have potbellies. What causes pectus excavatum / carinatum? The deformity is thought to be caused by excessive growth of the costal cartilages although the reason for this is unknown. This overgrowth causes the ribs and cartilages to 'buckle' and pushes the sternum either inwards or outwards. Musculoskeletal abnormalities that are associated with pectus deformities are scoliosis (lateral curvature of the spine), Marfan's syndrome (an inheritable disorder of the connective tissue) and Poland's syndrome.

14. Zinc Deficiency Reviews the symptoms of deficiency. Explores the possibility of a deficiency as a major factor in pectus excavatum and inherited connective tissue disorders. http://www.ctds.info/zinc1.html

Con nective Tissue Disorder Home Search Site Map ... Links Zinc Deficiency Read my Contents: Overview Zinc Deficiency Symptoms Interesting Facts About Zinc Zinc and Pectus Excavatum ... Links to Connective Tissue Disorders Overview Many of the features of common chronic disorders, especially connective tissue disorders, are identical to the symptoms of zinc deficiencies. Is this a coincidence, or could zinc deficiencies be an often overlooked factor in many disorders currently attributed to genes or other causes? When pregnant mice were fed a diet moderately deficient in zinc, their offspring exhibited a malfunctioning immune system for the first six months of life. More alarming, the second and third generations also showed signs of poor immunity - even though they were fed a zinc-plentiful diet. Jean Carper, writing in

15. Osteopenia: Definition, Prevention And Treatment Recommended books for osteoporosis and osteopenia prevention and treatment. May also be helpful for other defective bone conditions such as osteomalacia, rickets, pectus excavatum, pectus carnitum, fractures and scoliosis. http://www.ctds.info/osteopenia.html

Con nective Tissue Disorder Home Search Site Map ... Links Osteopenia Top books for prevention and treatment. Includes a definition of what it means compared to osteoporosis. Contents: Osteopenia - Overview Book Reviews Medical Definitions of Osteopenia, Osteomalacia, Osteoporosis and Rickets Read my Overview When my doctor pointed out that I was at high risk for osteopenia because of my history of scoliosis and my thin build, I started reading everything I could about osteopenia and osteoporosis prevention and treatment. Out of the many books I looked at that are currently available on the subjects, the books reviewed below are the ones I found the most helpful. In the book Food and Our Bones the author focuses on osteoporosis, but she also also discusses bone health and bone density in general. The book Preventing and Reversing Osteoporosis is also intended for people with osteoporosis, but since it covers a variety of bone density treatment factors such as diet, exercise programs, magnesium, calcium, vitamin K, vitamin D and zinc, it should also be valuable reading for people with any bone-related health condition such as osteopenia (a precursor condition to osteoporosis), osteomalacia and rickets.

16. Pectus Excavatum An information site on pectus excavatum profiling a young adult with the condition. NUSS PROCEDURE FOR CORRECTION OF pectus excavatum http://www.pectusinfo.com/nuss.htm

NUSS PROCEDURE FOR CORRECTION OF PECTUS EXCAVATUM The operation for correction starts with general anesthesia and the placement of an epidural catheter for the management of pain after the operation. Two lateral incisions are made on either side of the chest for insertion of a curved steel bar under the sternum. A separate, small lateral incision is made to allow for a thorascope (small camera) for direct visualization as the bar is passed under the sternum. The bar is individually curved for each patient. The bar is used to pop out the depression. It is then fixed to the ribs on either side and the incisions are closed and dressed. A small steel, grooved plate may be used at the end of the bar to help stabilize and fix the bar to the rib. The bar is not visible from the outside and stays in place for a minimum of two years. When it is time, the bar is removed as an outpatient procedure. Reference: The Nuss Procedure for Pectus Excavatum Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters http://www.chkd.org/about_us/pectus_overview.asp

17. Basse En Svømmerhvalp Oplysninger om, hvad man kan g¸re, n¥r man f¥r en sv¸mmer (pectus excavatum)i et kuld. L¦s Basses historie. http://svoemmerhvalp.webbyen.dk

18. Virtual Hospital: The International Thoracic Teaching Resource: Congenital: Pect It is generally believed that pectus excavatum results from a genetically determined radiograph of the patients with pectus excavatum sometimes shows several interesting radiologic http://www.vh.org/Providers/TeachingFiles/ITTR/PectusExcavatum/PectusEx.html

For Providers The International Thoracic Teaching Resource: Congenital Pectus excavatum Jeffrey R. Galvin, M.D.; Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D.; Yasayuki Kurihara, M.D. Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed Clinical Sx: A common deformity of the sternum, also known as "funnel chest". The anteroposterior diameter of the chest is foreshortened by the depressed sternum. The majority of the patients are free of symptom. The incidence in the general population is 0.13-0.4%. Etiology/Pathophysiology: It is generally believed that pectus excavatum results from a genetically determined abnormality of the sternum and related portion of the diaphragm. Pathology: Miscellaneous: Imaging: The Chest radiograph of the patients with pectus excavatum sometimes shows several interesting radiologic findings which might result in misinterpretation. They are as follows: (1) Increased opacity in the right inferomedial lung field with obscuration of the right heart border mimicking atelectasis or pneumonia of the right middle lobe. (2) Leftward displacement of the heart with an upturned apex simulating right -sided ventricular hypertrophy.

19. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pectus Excavatum Medical Encyclopedia. pectus excavatum. pectus excavatum is a condition in which the breast bone (sternum) appears sunken and the chest concave. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/2927.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Pectus excavatum Pectus excavatum is a condition in which the "breast bone" (sternum) appears sunken and the chest concave. It is sometimes called "funnel chest". The majority of these cases are not associated with any other condition (isolated findings). However, some syndromes include pectus excavatum. Update Date: 1/17/2004 Updated by: Michael Lehrer, M.D., Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Health Topics Drug Information Encyclopedia Dictionary ... National Institutes of Health Page last updated: 11 May 2004

20. Redirect Detailed description, with pictures, of the nonsurgical exercise-plus-bracing method developed by Brazilian Dr. Sydney Haje to correct Pectus carinatum (PC) and mild pectus excavatum (PE). http://www.ambr.com.br/orthopectus/

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