61. EMedicine - Patellar Injury And Dislocation : Article Excerpt By: Gerard A Malan dislocation, and patellofemoral arthritis. Frequency In the US Pain ofthe patellofemoral joint is the most common disorder of the knee. http://www.emedicine.com/sports/byname/patellar-injury-and-dislocation.htm

(advertisement) Excerpt from Patellar Injury and Dislocation Synonyms, Key Words, and Related Terms: patellofemoral dysfunction, patellofemoral dislocation, patella subluxation, patellofemoral joint dysfunction, patellofemoral pain, patellofemoral pain syndrome, PFPS, patellofemoral stress syndrome, PFSS, kneecap injury, dislocated kneecap Please click here to view the full topic text: Patellar Injury and Dislocation Background: Patellar injury and dislocation are common injuries in individuals who are athletic and in those who are nonathletic. Among athletes, men tend to present with more patellofemoral injuries than women. In the nonathletic population, women present more commonly. Patellofemoral problems are mainly diagnosed by obtaining a thorough history and performing a physical examination. Imaging studies help confirm the diagnosis. Plain radiography is not as sensitive as MRI, but it is the least expensive and most readily available modality. Patellofemoral syndromes usually are the result of biomechanical imbalances of the kinetic chain. Therefore, in rehabilitative treatment, the most critical concept the patient must achieve is the ability to perform functional activities without surpassing his or her optimal joint-loading limit. Therapy techniques are designed around this principle. Surgery is more effective in preventing recurrence of dislocation, but it has its own risks. Surgery should be considered an option after all conservative treatment is unsuccessful. Traditionally, several different systems have been used to classify patellofemoral dysfunction. Some were developed from a functional perspective while others were developed from more of an anatomic viewpoint. Of the following authors who wrote on this subject, Insall and Merchant classified patellofemoral dysfunction according to anatomy.

62. Lukol Directory - Health Conditions And Diseases Musculoskeletal Disorders Chond patellofemoral Syndrome Information about this disorder, written bya patient. http//home.earthlink.net/~melicat95/gotknee.ht http://www.lukol.com/Top/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Musculoskeletal_Disorder

Lukol Directory - Health Conditions and Diseases Musculoskeletal Disorders ... Chondromalacia Patella Darla sports a Grade 4 osteochondral lesion on her patella and suffers from CP. Visit this site for some decent, practical CP information. http://www.lanchester.net/chondro/index.html What is Chondromalacia? Article on the causes and treatment of the knee disorder chondromalacia patellae. http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/926052680.htm... Knee Supports and Braces Knee braces designed to stabilize the patella for chondromalacia and patellofemoral disorders. http://www.kneesupport.com/chondromalacia/ Chondromalacia Patellae Orthoseek article, with recommended exercises and information on prevention, treatment and the development of the disorder. http://www.orthoseek.com/articles/chondromp.htm... The Patella and Chondromalacia Discussion of the anatomical abnormalities associated with chondromalacia. Includes diagrams and X-ray images. http://www.arthroscopy.com/sp05032.htm Patellofemoral Syndrome Information about this disorder, written by a patient. http://home.earthlink.net/~melicat95/gotknee.ht...

63. :: Ez2Find :: Chondromalacia URL http//www.arthroscopy.com/sp05032.htm; patellofemoral Syndrome Site Info- Translate - Open New Window Information about this disorder, written by http://ez2find.com/cgi-bin/directory/meta/search.pl/Health/Conditions_and_Diseas

Guide : Chondromalacia Global Metasearch Any Language English Afrikaans Arabic Bahasa Melayu Belarusian Bulgarian Catala Chinese Simplified Chinese Traditional Cymraeg Czech Dansk Deutsch Eesti Espanol Euskara Faroese Francais Frysk Galego Greek Hebrew Hrvatski Indonesia Islenska Italiano Japanese Korean Latvian Lietuviu Lingua Latina Magyar Netherlands Norsk Polska Portugues Romana Russian Shqip Slovensko Slovensky Srpski Suomi Svenska Thai Turkce Ukrainian Vietnamese Mode All Words Any Word Phrase Results Timeout Depth Adult Filter Add to Favorites Other Search Web News Newsgroups Images Guides Chondromalacia ez2Find Home Directory Health Conditions and Diseases ... Musculoskeletal Disorders : Chondromalacia Web Sites Chondromalacia Patella [Site Info] [Translate] [Open New Window] Darla sports a Grade 4 osteochondral lesion on her patella and suffers from CP. Visit this site for some decent, practical CP information. URL: http://www.lanchester.net/chondro/index.html Chondromalacia Patellae [Site Info] [Translate] [Open New Window] Orthoseek article, with recommended exercises and information on prevention, treatment and the development of the disorder. URL: http://www.orthoseek.com/articles/chondromp.html

64. Netscape Search: Top > Health > Conditions And Diseases > Musculoskeletal Disord com/chondromalacia. •. patellofemoral Syndrome. Information about this disorder,written by a patient. http//home.earthlink.net/~melicat95/gotknee.htm. •. The http://search.netscape.com/ns/browse?id=257475&source=NSCPBrowse

65. Wauu.DE: Health: Conditions And Diseases: Musculoskeletal Disorders: Chondromala com/chondromalacia/. patellofemoral Syndrome Information about this disorder, writtenby a patient. http//home.earthlink.net/~melicat95/gotknee.htm. The Patella http://www.wauu.de/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Musculoskeletal_Disorders/Chon

Home Health Conditions and Diseases Musculoskeletal Disorders : Chondromalacia Search DMOZ-Verzeichnis: All Categories Categories Onlye Links: Chondromalacia Patella Darla sports a Grade 4 osteochondral lesion on her patella and suffers from CP. Visit this site for some decent, practical CP information. http://www.lanchester.net/chondro/index.html Chondromalacia Patellae Orthoseek article, with recommended exercises and information on prevention, treatment and the development of the disorder. http://www.orthoseek.com/articles/chondromp.html Chondromalacia: Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome One of the most common causes of knee pain is chondromalacia or patellofemoral syndrome, caused by an irritation of the undersurface of the kneecap. Article includes information on symptoms, treatment and recommendations for exercise. http://www.bayviewortho.com/patients/education/Knee/chondrom.htm HealtHub A brief definition of chondromalacia, followed by links to overviews, full text articles, diagnosis and treatment. http://www.healthubs.com/chondromalacia Knee Supports and Braces Knee braces designed to stabilize the patella for chondromalacia and patellofemoral disorders.

66. Infrared Thermography And The Sports Injury Practice | David J. BenEliyahu, DC, J Bone Joint Surgery, 6884244, 1986. Ficat P, Hungerford D Reflex SympatheticDystrophy, disorder of patellofemoral Joint Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy. http://www.chiroweb.com/archives/10/07/06.html

Dynamic Chiropractic March 27, 1992, Volume 10, Issue 07 Printer Friendly Version Email to a Friend Search ChiroWeb! Other MPAmedia Alternative Health Site Links Acupuncture AcupunctureToday.com Massage Therapy MassageToday.com Infrared Thermography and the Sports Injury Practice Infrared thermal imaging can be very useful to the sports injury practice. Infrared Thermography (IRT) measures cutaneous surface temperature which is reflective of the underlying sympathetics and local chemical mediators. Previous studies have shown that skin temperature from right to left sides only differ within a few tenths of a degree for homologous parts. In the case of the anterior calves, the normal mean temperature differential is .31 degrees C. Other studies have shown that temperature differentials over .65-.80 degrees C are indicative of underlying pathology. IRT has been found to be useful by both the AMA Council on Scientific Affairs and the ACA Council on Diagnostic Imaging, which has its own American Chiropractic College of Thermology. IRT is also helpful in the following conditions: Shoulder impingement syndrome focal hyperthermia of shoulder.

67. Patellar Tracking Disorder -- Topic Overview kind of pain, called anterior knee pain or patellofemoral pain syndrome, is sometimescaused by a common kneecap problem known as patellar tracking disorder. http://my.webmd.com/hw/raising_a_family/tn7305.asp

var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Quizzes, Calculators Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map Health Topics Symptoms ... Credits Patellar Tracking Disorder Topic Overview What is patellar tracking disorder? Patellar tracking disorder is a condition in which the kneecap (patella) shifts out of place as the leg bends or straightens. Your knee joint is a complex hinge joining the lower leg bones (tibia and fibula) with the upper thighbone (femur). The kneecap (patella) is anchored to the front of the knee joint by tendons on the top and bottom and by ligaments on the sides. A layer of cartilage lines the underside of the kneecap, helping it glide along the groove at the end of your thighbone. The kneecap can shift or rotate off track if the groove is too shallow or if the cartilage is damaged. Ligaments, tendons, or muscles that are too loose or too tight may also lead to a malaligned kneecap. See an illustration of the knee joint What causes patellar tracking disorder?

68. Alexa Web Search - Subjects > Health > Conditions And Diseases > Musculoskeletal patellofemoral Syndrome Information about this disorder, written bya patient. home.earthlink.net/~melicat95/gotknee.htm Site Info. http://www.alexa.com/browse/general?catid=257475&mode=general

69. Desert Orthopaedic Center patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common knee disorder, which often affectsthe senior athlete and those involved in running and jumping sports. http://www.desertorthopedic.com/pate/overview.asp

-SELECT ONE- JOINT REPLACEMENT Hip Replacement Knee Replacement Total Shoulder KNEE ACL Injuries Meniscal Injuries Chondral Defects Microfracture Technique Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Ankle Sprains Bunions Morton's Neuroma HAND Carpal Tunnel SHOULDER Frozen Shoulder Rotator Cuff/Impingement Instability - Traumatic AC Seperation Multidirectional Instability/ Atraumatic Laberal Tears Glenohumeral (Shoulder) Arthritis SPINE Lumbar Disc Herniation Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common knee disorder, which often affects the senior athlete and those involved in running and jumping sports. Overuse, a change in activity, and an altered metabolic status are frequently responsible for the development of PFPS. Structural alignment and muscular weakness or imbalance may cause the patella (kneecap) to track improperly on the femur (thigh bone) during movement, leading to pain around the kneecap. Other terms for patellofemoral pain are: retropatellar pain, peripatellar pain, anterior knee pain, and runner's knee.

70. Any Search Info - Directory: Health Conditions And Diseases Musculoskeletal Diso patellofemoral Syndrome Information about this disorder, written by a patient.url home.earthlink.net/~melicat95/gotknee.htm. What is Chondromalacia? http://search-info.com/search/engine/index/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Muscul

Top Health Conditions and Diseases Musculoskeletal Disorders : Chondromalacia [7] Description Directory Results: Web Site Matches: Chondromalacia Patella Darla sports a Grade 4 osteochondral lesion on her patella and suffers from CP. Visit this site for some decent, practical CP information. url: www.lanchester.net/chondro/index.html Chondromalacia Patellae Orthoseek article, with recommended exercises and information on prevention, treatment and the development of the disorder. url: www.orthoseek.com/articles/chondromp.html HealtHub A brief definition of chondromalacia, followed by links to overviews, full text articles, diagnosis and treatment. url: www.healthubs.com/chondromalacia Knee Supports and Braces Knee braces designed to stabilize the patella for chondromalacia and patellofemoral disorders. url: www.kneesupport.com/chondromalacia/ The Patella and Chondromalacia Discussion of the anatomical abnormalities associated with chondromalacia. Includes diagrams and Xray images. url: www.arthroscopy.com/sp05032.htm Patellofemoral Syndrome Information about this disorder, written by a patient.

71. Health Conditions And Diseases Musculoskeletal Disorders Chondromalacia Includes diagrams and Xray images.. patellofemoral Syndrome - Informationabout this disorder, written by a patient.. What is Chondromalacia? http://world.ammissione.it/browse_/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Musculoskeleta

World Directory Health Chondromalacia Health Conditions and Diseases Musculoskeletal Disorders Chondromalacia Directory results: Chondromalacia Patella - Darla sports a Grade 4 osteochondral lesion on her patella and suffers from CP. Visit this site for some decent, practical CP information. Chondromalacia Patellae - Orthoseek article, with recommended exercises and information on prevention, treatment and the development of the disorder. HealtHub - A brief definition of chondromalacia, followed by links to overviews, full text articles, diagnosis and treatment. Knee Supports and Braces - Knee braces designed to stabilize the patella for chondromalacia and patellofemoral disorders. The Patella and Chondromalacia - Discussion of the anatomical abnormalities associated with chondromalacia. Includes diagrams and X-ray images. Patellofemoral Syndrome - Information about this disorder, written by a patient. What is Chondromalacia? - Article on the causes and treatment of the knee disorder chondromalacia patellae. Related sites for Chondromalacia: Kneeindia.com-Orthopaedic surgeon,knee pain,i...

72. Arnold Orthopaedics And Sports Medicine patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common knee disorder, which often affectsthe senior athlete and those involved in running and jumping sports. http://www.arnoldknee.com/pate/overview.asp

Clinic Info faqs Physician Info Links Patient Education Home Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common knee disorder, which often affects the senior athlete and those involved in running and jumping sports. Overuse, a change in activity, and an altered metabolic status are frequently responsible for the development of PFPS. Structural alignment and muscular weakness or imbalance may cause the patella (kneecap) to track improperly on the femur (thigh bone) during movement, leading to pain around the kneecap. Other terms for patellofemoral pain are: retropatellar pain, peripatellar pain, anterior knee pain, and runner's knee. Different disorders that cause pain around the kneecap include: infrapatellar tendonitis (jumper's knee), which affects the tendon just below the kneecap chondromalacia patella, which involves damage to the cartilage surface of the patella quadriceps tendonitis

73. American Journal Of Sports Medicine: Motor Control Of The Vastus Medialis Obliqu patellofemoral pain is the most prevalent knee disorder of children and youngadults; however, the causative mechanisms remain imprecisely defined. http://www.findarticles.com/cf_dls/m0918/4_30/90528576/p1/article.jhtml

@import url(/css/us/style.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); Advanced Search Home Help IN all publications this publication Sports Automotive Business Computing Entertainment Health News Reference Sports YOU ARE HERE Articles American Journal of Sports Medicine July-August, 2002 Content provided in partnership with Print friendly Tell a friend Find subscription deals Motor control of the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis muscles is disrupted during eccentric contractions in subjects with patellofemoral pain American Journal of Sports Medicine July-August, 2002 by Tammy M. Owings Mark D. Grabiner MATERIALS AND METHODS The protocol prescribed maximum voluntary concentric and eccentric knee extension contractions. However, because of the potential for discomfort of the subjects with patellofemoral pain, especially during eccentric contractions, these subjects performed fewer repetitions and at a slower isokinetic velocity than did the control subjects. The control subjects performed three concentric and three eccentric contractions at 60 deg/sec with their right knee. The patellofemoral pain subjects performed two concentric and two eccentric contractions at 15 deg/sec with the painful knee. The order of concentric and eccentric contractions was randomized. The knee extension contractions were performed on a Kin-Com isokinetic dynamometer (Chattanooga Corporation, Chattanooga, Tennessee). Subjects were seated upright in the dynamometer with their waist and distal thigh stabilized with straps. The hip-trunk angle was fixed at approximately 100[degrees]. All contractions were performed through a 60[degrees] range of motion. Concentric and eccentric contractions were initiated from a knee flexion angle of 80[degrees] and 20[degrees], respectively (full extension, 0[degrees]).

74. Muller: Patellofemoral Syndrome patellofemoral arthralgia, lateral patellar compression syndrome, patellagia, patellofemoraldysfunction and extensor mechanism disorder (2). This condition http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~iishp/Muller.html

Patellofemoral syndrome By Catherine Muller Since everyone, from your doctor to your conscience, is telling you to exercise, it is no wonder that many people are experiencing overuse injuries. In the past, overuse injuries were the prerogative of athletes, but not any more. Nowadays, with many people concerned about being in shape, cardiovascular equipment is popular and aerobic classes in fitness centers all over the United States are well attended. Along with the use of the StairMaster type cardiovascular machines and aerobic step classes a higher incidence of certain overuse injuries has been observed. Because these types of exercises involve repetitive movements using a higher degree of knee angle than most other exercises, overuse injuries occur frequently at the knee. One common injury is known as the patellofemoral syndrome. The pain associated with this condition is probably due to the strain placed on the retinaculum, the structure that holds the patella, often times to the lateral side of the knee, causing inflammation. Inflammation of the soft tissues surrounding the area, along with the irritated, yet highly enervated patella, causes pain. The patellofemoral syndrome is recognized by a dull, aching pain behind or above the knee. Inflicted exercisers often have pain while sitting for any length of time with a flexed knee position. Sharp pain may be observed upon activities that require squatting and climbing or descending stairs. Another common symptom is cracking noises that come from the knee during bending and stretching, called crepitus (4). Often these symptoms do not appear at one instance but develop gradually, which is characteristic of an overuse injury.

75. Disease Directory : Patellofemoral Syndrome Information about this disorder, written by a patient....... patellofemoral Syndrome. Directory Listing. Title patellofemoral Syndrome http://www.diseasedirectory.net/detailed/13057.aspx

Wednesday, June 02, 2004 Musculoskeletal Disorders Amputee Arthritis Back and Spine ... Chondromalacia : Patellofemoral Syndrome Directory Listing Title: Patellofemoral Syndrome Description: Information about this disorder, written by a patient. Date Added: 2/4/2004 1:29:27 PM URL: http://home.earthlink.net/~melicat95/gotknee.htm

76. GREENSEEK Includes diagrams and Xray images. » patellofemoral Syndrome - Informationabout this disorder, written by a patient. » What is Chondromalacia? http://www.greenseek.de/internet/index.php/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Muscul

SEITE ANMELDEN NEUZUGÄNGE IM KATALOG FORUM UND COMMUNITY WETTERBERICHTE ... WEBDESIGN-VORLAGEN an abmelden im Katalog deutschem Web gesamten Web internationaler Katalog KATALOG Health Chondromalacia Chondromalacia Patella - Darla sports a Grade 4 osteochondral lesion on her patella and suffers from CP. Visit this site for some decent, practical CP information. Chondromalacia Patellae - Orthoseek article, with recommended exercises and information on prevention, treatment and the development of the disorder. HealtHub - A brief definition of chondromalacia, followed by links to overviews, full text articles, diagnosis and treatment. Knee Supports and Braces - Knee braces designed to stabilize the patella for chondromalacia and patellofemoral disorders. The Patella and Chondromalacia - Discussion of the anatomical abnormalities associated with chondromalacia. Includes diagrams and X-ray images. Patellofemoral Syndrome - Information about this disorder, written by a patient. What is Chondromalacia?

77. Anterior Knee Pain syndrome (which we use throughout this book), patellofemoral pain syndrome, patellofemoraljoint syndrome, anterior knee pain, extensor mechanism disorder. http://www.clinicalsportsmedicine.com/chapters/24b.htm

Clinical Sports Medicine is available online Chapter 24 Anterior Knee Pain with Jenny McConnell and Jill Cook *This Chapter is online in its entirety. Click on the links below to browse through the whole chapter.* Clinical approach Patellofemoral syndrome I Patellofemoral syndrome II Patellofemoral instability ... References Patellofemoral syndrome As this is the single most common condition seen by most sports medicine practitioners we devote substantial attention to it in this book. We discuss nomenclature, etiology of the pain, functional anatomy and predisposing factors, before outlining clinical assessment and treatment in detail. Nomenclature and origin of the pain Patellofemoral syndrome is the term used to describe pain in and around the patella. From the 1930s until the 1970s, the term 'chondromalacia patellae' was synonymous with patellofemoral pain, because softening was noted on the undersurface of the patella. This term is now out of vogue and has been replaced by nonspecific terms such as patellofemoral syndrome (which we use throughout this book), patellofemoral pain syndrome, patellofemoral joint syndrome, anterior knee pain, extensor mechanism disorder. There are two schools of thought as to the aetiology of patellofemoral pain. The longer standing theory invokes malalignment patellar malalignment relative to the femoral trochlea causes abnormalities within articular cartilage, which may or may not be visible to the naked eye. Correction of the malalignment should therefore decrease the patient's symptoms and even out loading of the articular cartilage. There is, however, poor correlation between articular cartilage lesions and pain, so patellar malalignment only explain a proportion of patellofemoral problems.

78. Healthcyclopedia Index - P ParryRombergs Syndrome, Passive-Aggressive Personality disorder. Patellofemoraldisorder, Pathological Gambling. Pathologic Nystagmus, PCC Deficiency. http://www.healthcyclopedia.com/p.html

Home Health cyclopedia All Topics by Category The Good Health Search Engine Health Conditions A-Z Gurus ... Contact Us Alphabetic Index - P Pain Pallister-Hall Syndrome Pallister Killian Mosaic Syndrome Pancreatic Cancer ... Pyromania

79. Patellar Tracking Disorder -- References Patellar Tracking disorder References Citations. Goldberg B (1997). Patellofemoralmalalignment. Pediatric Annals, 26(1) 32–35. Spritzer CE (2000). http://my.webmd.com/hw/raising_a_family/tn7304-Bib.asp

var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Quizzes, Calculators Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map Health Topics Symptoms ... Credits Patellar Tracking Disorder References Citations Goldberg B (1997). Patellofemoral malalignment. Pediatric Annals Mercier LR (2000). The knee. In Practical Orthopedics , pp. 177–199. New York: Mosby. McMahon PJ, et al. (2000). Patellar dislocation section of Sports medicine. In HB Skinner, ed., Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Orthopedics , 2nd ed., p. 142. New York: McGraw-Hill. Boden BP, et al. (1997). Patellofemoral instability: Evaluation and management. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Other Works Consulted Fulkerson JP (2002). Diagnosis and treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain. American Journal of Sports Medicine < previous section back to top next section > To Search the Help Last updated: November 25, 2003

80. Patellar Tracking Disorder: References Patellar Tracking disorder. References. Citations. Goldberg B (1997). Patellofemoralmalalignment. Pediatric Annals, 26(1) 32–35. Mercier LR (2000). The knee. http://www.meritcare.com/hwdb/showTopic.asp?pd_hwid=b_tn7304

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