61. Pancreatitis pancreatitis. Guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis. Theseguidelines address Pancreas pancreatitis. An illustrated patient http://omni.ac.uk/browse/mesh/detail/C0030305L0030305.html

low graphics Pancreatitis broader: Pancreatic Diseases other: Cystic Fibrosis Pancreatic Neoplasms Guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis These guidelines address the initial steps in diagnosis, investigation and treatment of acute pancreatitis. The guidelines were commissioned by the British Society of Gastroenterology and finalised in 1997. The guidelines cover audit goals in acute pancreatitis, diagnosis, severity stratification, aetiological assessment, management of both mild and severe acute pancreatitis and specialist units. A summary of the guidelines are available, as well as full-text in PDF, which requires Adobe Acrobat Reader. Published on the Web by The British Society of Gastroenterology. Practice Guideline [Publication Type] Pancreatitis Acute Disease An illustrated patient information leaflet on the pancreas and pancreatitis, produced by the Digestive Disorders Foundation (formerly the British Digestive Foundation). It explains the role of the pancreas, what pancreatitis is, how it is diagnosed, and treatment. Patient Education Handout [Publication Type] Pancreatitis Pancreas Pancreatitis This interactive tutorial on pancreatitis has been produced by the Patient Education Institute, and made available on the Web by the National Library of Medicine MEDLINEplus service. This tutorial describes what acute and chronic pancreatitis is and covers anatomy, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Viewing this tutorial requires Flash plug-in.

62. Chronic Pancreatitis Chronic pancreatitis. Reviewed by Dr Alan Ogilvie, consultant physicianand gastroenterologist. What is the pancreas? What is pancreatitis? http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/diseases/facts/chronicpancreatitis.htm

NetDoctor.co.uk Home News and features News Newsletter Features Encyclopaedia Diseases Examinations Medicines Premium services SMS services StayQuit thediet Health centres Allergy and asthma Children's health Depression Eczema ... All health centres Discussion and support Discussion forums Support groups Services Ask the doctor Find a hospital Search Medline Test yourself Information About NetDoctor Commercial opportunities NetDoctor.com Chronic pancreatitis Dr Alan Ogilvie , consultant physician and gastroenterologist What is the pancreas? The pancreas (A) secretes the enzymes necessary to digest the food, produced by the ductal cells (B), and insulin used for the transport of sugars, made by the islets of Langerhans cells (C), into the blood. The pancreas is a soft, elongated gland situated at the back of the upper abdominal cavity behind the stomach. It is divided into the head (through which the common bile duct runs as it enters the duodenum) and the body (which extends across the spine and the tail), which is close to the left kidney and to the spleen. Because the pancreas lies at the back of the abdominal cavity, diseases of the pancreas may be difficult to diagnose. What does the pancreas do?

63. Pancreatitis pancreatitis. biliary calculi (70%); EtOH (20%). see also acute pancreatitisCharles E. Kahn, Jr., MD 2 February 1995 Last updated 14 March 2001. http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/doc/00310.html

CHORUS Collaborative Hypertext of Radiology Pancreas Feedback Search pancreatitis biliary calculi (70%) EtOH (20%) carcinoma hypercalcemia drugs (thiazides, BCPs) trauma hereditary iatrogenic (ERCP, bx) perforated ulcer renal transplant / dialysis duodenal tics adjacent organ pathology viral infection (mumps, mono, HBV) parasites ( Ascaris Taenia sinensis acute fatty liver of pregnancy connective tissue disease scorpion sting brown recluse spider bite see also: acute pancreatitis Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD - 2 February 1995 Last updated 26 May 2004 Medical College of Wisconsin

64. Acute Pancreatitis acute pancreatitis. Findings CXR. elevated hemidiaphragm; atelectasis/ consolidation; pulmonary edema (direct toxic effect? cardiosuppression http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/doc/00005.html

CHORUS Collaborative Hypertext of Radiology Pancreas Feedback Search acute pancreatitis Findings: CXR elevated hemidiaphragm atelectasis / consolidation pulmonary edema (direct toxic effect? cardiosuppression?) pleural effusion (more common on LEFT) UGI sentinel loops colon cut-off sign antral pad duodenum: widened loop, thickened folds inverted "3" (Frostberg sign) CT normal in ~1/3 hypodensity enlargement standing of mesenteric fat and thickening of anterior perirenal fascia Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD - 2 February 1995 Last updated 26 May 2004 Medical College of Wisconsin

65. The American Gastroenterological Association - Clinical Resources (Patient Broch pancreatitis. into digestible molecules. What is pancreatitis? pancreatitisis inflammation of the pancreas. This condition usually http://www.gastro.org/clinicalRes/brochures/pancreatitis.html

Pancreatitis What is Pancreatitis? What are the Symptoms of Pancreatitis? What Should I Do If I Think I Have Pancreatitis? What is the Difference Between Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis? ... Glossary The pancreas is a gland that sits behind the stomach. Larger than your gallbladder, but smaller than the liver, the pancreas plays a key role in the digestive system. Its juices join bile from the liver and gallbladder to drain into the small intestine. Specifically, the pancreas: Secretes digestive juices (enzymes and a substance called sodium bicarbonate) into the small intestine The digestive substances split the fats, proteins, and carbohydrates into digestible molecules. What is Pancreatitis Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. This condition usually begins at an acute stage, and in some cases, may become chronic after a severe and/or recurrent attack. When the pancreas becomes inflamed, the digestive enzymes attack the tissue that produces them. One of these enzymes, called trypsin, can cause tissue damage and bleeding, and can cause the pancreas blood cells and blood vessels to swell. With chronic pancreatitis, the pancreas may eventually stop producing the enzymes that are necessary for your body to digest and absorb nutrients. This is called exocrine failure and fat and protein are not digested or absorbed. When chronic pancreatitis is advanced, the pancreas can also lose its ability to make insulin; this is called endocrine failure.

66. What Is Pancreatitis? - Endocrinology Health Guide pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas. This guide covers its causes,symptoms, diagnosis and treatments. pancreatitis. pancreatitis Men Vs. Women. http://www.umm.edu/endocrin/pancreat.htm

Endocrinology Health Guide... Pituitary Gland Disorders... Pancreas... Pancreas Disorders ... Glossary Related Resources Within UMM Endocrinology Joslin Diabetes Center School of Medicine Endocrinology Site Endocrinology Health Guide Pancreatitis Pancreatitis: Men Vs. Women Women are one-and-a-half times more likely than men to have acute pancreatitis caused by gallstones. On the other hand, men are six times more likely than women to have acute pancreatitis caused by alcoholism. What is pancreatitis? Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas. The inflammation may be sudden (acute) or ongoing (chronic). Acute pancreatitis usually involves a single "attack," after which the pancreas returns to normal. Severe acute pancreatitis can be life threatening. With chronic pancreatitis, permanent damage occurs to the pancreas and its function, often leading to fibrosis (scarring). What causes pancreatitis? The most common causes of pancreatitis are: gallstones that block the pancreatic duct alcohol abuse, which can lead to blockage of the small pancreatic ductules

67. RANSON'S CRITERIA: 2000 RANSON S CRITERIA For Determining Prognosis of Acute pancreatitis. GT3 signs serious acute pancreatitis - may be 25% mortality. http://lib-sh.lsumc.edu/fammed/intern/ranson.html

RANSON'S CRITERIA Page by: E.J. Mayeaux, Jr., M.D. Louisiana State University Medical Center Shreveport, Louisiana RANSON'S CRITERIA: For Determining Prognosis of Acute Pancreatitis UPON ADMISSION: AFTER 48 HOURS: Return to The Intern in the Middle of the Night Home Page Return to LSUHSC-S Family Medicine Home Page Return to the LSUHSC-S Home Page.

68. Feline Pancreatitis ~ Pawprints And Purrs When the pancreas becomes inflamed, the disorder is called pancreatitis.It is caution. Feline pancreatitis. What is pancreatitis? The http://www.sniksnak.com/cathealth/pancreatitis.html

With no cost to you but a few moments of your time, clicking on the above ad banners anywhere on this site, will help the feral colony Craig and I maintain which we've moved to our own property. ALL REVENUE derived from these ads are for spay/neuter procedures. Thank you for caring! Susie Home of the Bachman Kiddens Read: Any health care links located here are NOT to replace a veterinarian visit; please take your cat to a vet immediately at any sign of odd behavior or any symptoms of illness or injury. Call your vet and describe your cat's symptoms with any of your concerns about the cat's well-being. Your veterinarian may discover changes in your cat's health that you have overlooked. It is always better to err on the side of caution. Feline Pancreatitis What is pancreatitis? The pancreas is a vital organ which is located in the right side of the abdomen. It has two functions: 1) to produce enzymes which help in digestion of food and, 2) to produce hormones, such as insulin. When the pancreas becomes inflamed, the disorder is called pancreatitis. It is a disease process that is seen commonly in the dog and occasionally in the cat. There is no age, sex, or breed predisposition. There are two main forms of acute (sudden onset) pancreatitis: 1) the mild, edematous form and, 2) the more severe, hemorrhagic form. A few cats that recover from an acute episode of pancreatitis may continue to have recurrent bouts of the acute disease. This is termed the chronic form. The associated inflammation allows digestive enzymes to spill into the abdominal cavity; this may result in secondary damage to surrounding organs, such as the liver, bile ducts, gall bladder, and intestines.

69. Pancreatitis responses What is acute pancreatitis and what causes this? 12 th April1999. The pancreas has two important roles one is to produce http://www.nurseminerva.co.uk/pancreat.htm

Home Up adhesions constipation ... nausea pancreatitis swallowing problems questions received: What is acute pancreatitis and what causes this? What are the symtoms of pancreatitis, and how long does it usually last? Does the procedure, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography give you acute pancreatitis? My blood count for this test for the pancreas was over 37 thousand. Please tell me anything you can, I have to have the procedure again in a week. Can pancreatitis affect the health of a child? My cousin was just diagnosed with pancreatitis, everyone keeps asking themselves why did the Gynecologist not know that she was ill? They did an emergency c-section and the baby is fine, but she is in critical/stable condition. Could this have been caused by the pregnancy? Are there any drugs that could be the cause of pancreatitis, if so what are they? responses: What is acute pancreatitis and what causes this? th April 1999 The pancreas has two important roles - one is to produce digestive enzymes that are passed into the digestive tract through a duct, and the other is to release hormones into the blood to control sugar levels. So the pancreas is both an exocrine and an endocrine gland. The pancreatic enzymes can become a danger to the pancreas itself if they become activated within the pancreatic tissues, and this is what happens in pancreatitis. The enzymes begin to digest the cells of the pancreas. Pancreatitis is an inflammatory process that produces different degrees of oedema, haemorrhage, and the destruction of pancreatic cells. It can be very serious. Acute pancreatitis means that the inflammation has suddenly appeared, whereas chronic pancreatitis means a more gradual process over a longer period of time. Pancreatitis is more common in adults than in children.

70. Pancreatitis And Alternative Solutions pancreatitis And Alternative Solutions by Darleen Rudnick, Pet Nutritionist. Anxiety.Weight loss. Prevention Plan For Treating pancreatitis Naturally. http://www.purelypets.com/articles/pancreatitis.htm

Pancreatitis And Alternative Solutions by Darleen Rudnick, Pet Nutritionist The pancreas is an elongated, tapered gland that is located behind the stomach. The exocrine area of the pancreas produces digestive juices and the endocrine area makes hormones, such as insulin, that regulates how the body stores and uses food. Specific Types of Pancreatitis are: Chronic Pancreatitis (inflammation) Chronic pancreatitis can be caused by hemochromatosis (a condition of excess iron in the blood), a poor diet and many other factors. Inflammation and fibrosis cause the destruction of functioning glandular tissue in the pancreas. This results in an inability to properly digest fat, caused by a lack of pancreatic enzymes. The production of insulin is also affected. Attacks may become more frequent as the condition progresses. As the pancreas becomes progressively more scarred, some pets may develop diabetes and/or inability to digest foods, especially fats. Symptoms of chronic pancreatitis can include, but are not limited to: Moderate to severe abdominal pain Nausea Fever Reduced mental acuteness Abdominal swelling Weight loss Fatty stools Acute Pancreatitis (inflammation) The chief causes of acute pancreatitis may be caused from an on-going or long-term viral infection, poor diet, stress and from certain medications. Symptoms of acute pancreatitis are similar to chronic pancreatitis.

71. Department Of Surgery, University Of Liverpool The European Registry of Hereditary pancreatitis and Familial Pancreatic Cancer. TheEuropean Registry Of Hereditary pancreatitis And FamilialPancreatic Cancer. http://www.liv.ac.uk/surgery/europac.html

Department of Surgery Department Home Page Staff Research jobs ... University home page The European Registry Of Hereditary Pancreatitis And FamilialPancreatic Cancer Should you require any furtherinformation, please feel free to write to: The Study Co-ordinator, EUROPAC Department of Clinical Genetics, Alder Hey Children'sHospital, Eaton Road, Liverpool, L12 2AP, UK. Tel: +44 151 252 5573 Fax: +44 151 252 5340 or E-Mail Us. This site is for patients and professionals alike who requirefurther information about the EUROPAC project. Feedback: greenhaf@liv.ac.uk Last reviewed 22/1/2001.

72. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Chronic Pancreatitis Chronic pancreatitis. Chronic pancreatitis is most often caused by alcoholismand alcohol abuse, but sometimes the cause cannot be determined. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000221.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Chronic pancreatitis Contents of this page: Illustrations Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors Symptoms ... Prevention Illustrations Digestive system Pancreatitis, chronic - CT scan Definition Return to top Chronic pancreatitis involves persistent inflammation of the pancreas an elongated, tapered gland that is located behind the stomach and secretes digestive enzymes and the hormones insulin and glucagon Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Chronic pancreatitis is most often caused by alcoholism and alcohol abuse , but sometimes the cause cannot be determined. Conditions such as hyperlipidemia or hyperparathyroidism , injury, and chronic obstruction of the pancreatic duct can also be associated with chronic pancreatitis. In this condition, inflammation and fibrosis cause the destruction of functioning glandular tissue in the pancreas. The resulting lack of pancreatic enzymes interferes with the ability to properly digest fat . The production of insulin is also affected, which can lead to

73. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Acute Pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis is an inflammation (irritationand swelling with presence of extra immune cells) of the pancreas. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000287.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Acute pancreatitis Contents of this page: Illustrations Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors Symptoms ... Prevention Illustrations Digestive system Endocrine glands Pancreatitis, acute - CT scan Definition Return to top Acute pancreatitis is an inflammation (irritation and swelling with presence of extra immune cells) of the pancreas. The pancreas is an elongated, tapered gland, located behind the stomach, that secretes digestive enzymes and the hormones insulin and glucagon Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top The chief causes of acute pancreatitis in adults are gallstones , other gallbladder (biliary) disease, and alcohol use . Viral infection ( mumps , coxsackie B, mycoplasma pneumonia , and campylobacter), traumatic injury, pancreatic or common bile duct surgical procedures and certain medications (especially estrogens, corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics, and azathioprine) are other causes. The mechanism that causes pancreatitis is not well known. It is thought that enzymes normally secreted by the pancreas in an inactive form become activated inside the pancreas and start to digest the pancreatic tissue. This process is called autodigestion and causes

74. PROVET HEALTHCARE INFORMATION - Pancreatitis Back pancreatitis. Note for Pet Owners If you have an animal diagnosed as havingpancreatitis there are some important guidelines that you should follow http://www.provet.co.uk/health/diseases/git-pancreat.htm

Back PANCREATITIS This information is provided by Provet for educational purposes only. You should seek the advice of your veterinarian if your pet is ill as only he or she can correctly advise on the diagnosis and recommend the treatment that is most appropriate for your pet. Note for Pet Owners: If you have an animal diagnosed as having pancreatitis there are some important guidelines that you should follow: Always give the medications that your veterinarian has prescribed at the correct dose and at the correct times. Contact your veterinary practice if you are concerned that your animal is having a relapse, or if it appears to react abnormally following treatment. Keep your animal on the strict diet that your veterinarian recommends and AVOID feeding high fat foods because fat intake can make the condition much worse. If your pet is a bin scrounger or likely to steal food - stop him/her . Many "snacks" are relatively high in fat - so cut them out !! Topics on this Page: Description Cause Breed Occurrence Signs ... Long-term problems Description Pancreatitis literally means inflammation of the pancreas. If the condition is sudden in onset it is called acute pancreatitis, whereas chronic pancreatitis is a continuing inflammatory process with sub-acute recurrence's of the disease. Both forms of the disease can lead to permanent damage and reduced functionality of the pancreas with serious consequences for the animal. When the pancreas is inflamed local release of enzymes occurs including trypsin , kallikrein, elastase, lipase, phospholipase A, amylase and lysosymes. These cause local problems in adjacent tissues and affect the range of clinical signs that develop including causing peritonitis.

75. Sarcoidosis Associated With Recurrent Pancreatitis Sarcoidosis Associated With Recurrent pancreatitis AJIT P. LIMAYE, MD, DOUGLAS S.PAAUW, MD, GANESH RAGHU, MD, RODNEY A. SCHMIDT, MD, PhD, and W. CONRAD LILES http://www.sma.org/smj/97apr15.htm

Sarcoidosis Associated With Recurrent Pancreatitis AJIT P. LIMAYE, MD, DOUGLAS S. PAAUW, MD, GANESH RAGHU, MD, RODNEY A. SCHMIDT, MD, PhD, and W. CONRAD LILES, MD, PhD, Seattle, Wash ABSTRACT: A 56-year-old previously healthy man had two episodes of unexplained pancreatitis in the setting of constitutional symptoms, recurrent palsy of the right seventh cranial nerve, and bilateral parotitis. Chest radiography revealed marked bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and sarcoidosis was diagnosed by bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy showing noncaseating granulomas. The pancreatitis and sarcoidosis responded to corticosteroid therapy but recurred after corticosteroid dosage was reduced. Retreatment with a higher dosage of corticosteroids led to resolution of pancreatitis; 3 months later, the patient remained well and without further recurrence of pancreatitis while taking the higher dose of corticosteroids. Clinically significant pancreatitis should be included as an unusual manifestation of sarcoidosis, and corticosteroid therapy should be considered in the management of pancreatitis associated with sarcoidosis. SARCOIDOSIS is a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that can involve almost any organ. The most commonly involved organs in the gastrointestinal system are the liver and spleen, with sporadic reports of involvement of the stomach, esophagus, small bowel, and colon.1 Although previous autopsy series of patients with sarcoidosis have documented granulomatous involvement of the pancreas in up to 6% of patients, clinically apparent pancreatitis due to sarcoid is rare.2,3 We describe a case of biopsy-proven pulmonary sarcoidosis associated with recurrent pancreatitis and improvement with corticosteroid treatment.

76. Virtual Hospital: University Of Iowa Family Practice Handbook, Fourth Edition: G Gastroenterology And Hepatology Acute pancreatitis. Amylase is elevatedin 80% of those with pancreatitis and is more sensitive early on. http://www.vh.org/adult/provider/familymedicine/FPHandbook/Chapter05/21-5.html

For Providers University of Iowa Family Practice Handbook, Fourth Edition, Chapter 5 Gastroenterology And Hepatology: Acute Pancreatitis Jatinder P. S. Ahluwalia, MD, Mark A. Graber, MD, and William B. Silverman, MD Division of Gastroenterlogy and Hepatology and Departments of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine, and Emergency Medicine University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics and College of Medicine Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed by Mosby Should be in the differential of any acute abdomen. Etiology Cholelithiasis is the most common cause in the United States, Western Europe, and in Asia (45% of cases). Biliary sludge has also been implicated in some cases. Chronic alcohol ingestion is the second leading cause (35% of cases). "Traumatic" causes , including postoperative stress , ERCP, direct trauma, manometry of the sphincter of Oddi, endoscopic sphincter-otomy, and perforation of a duodenal ulcer. Metabolic insults Drugs including DDI, DDC, azathioprine, mercaptopurine, valproic acid, acetaminophen, and others. Infectious causes including viruses (mumps, rubella, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, HIV, coxsackievirus B), bacteria mycoplasma, Campylo- bacter, legionella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium complex), and parasitic (ascariasis, clonorchiasis).

77. PetCareLibrary - Pancreatitis In Cats (pvy.com) pancreatitis in Cats. Main Index / Cats / Diseases and Problems pancreatitisIN CATS. pancreatitis, or inflammation of the http://www.pvy.com/pcl/articles/c100014/q10000258.htm

Pancreatitis in Cats Main Index Cats Diseases and Problems PANCREATITIS IN CATS Pancreatitis, or inflammation of the pancreas, is a disease seen frequently in dogs. In cats it used to be considered rare but we now believe that it is simply difficult to diagnose when it occurs and is probably a common problem, especially in older cats. The pancreas is an important organ located near the small intestine. It is responsible for the production of most of the enzymes that digest food, and it also produces insulin. When the pancreas is diseased or injured, the enzymes it produces leak in and around the pancreas, damaging it and the other organs nearby. These enzymes that are leaking out break down fat and protein locally, instead of traveling down the pancreatic duct to the intestines. In effect, the cat or dog digests its own tissues. The abdomen soon becomes inflamed, and may subsequently become infected. An animal with pancreatitis may show such symptoms as lethargy, fever, vomiting, diarrhea (which is often bloody), refusal to eat and abdominal pain. Symptoms may start suddenly or come on gradually, and can range from mild and intermittent to severe and life threatening. In cats it is often subtle, appearing as vague signs such as poor appetite or gradual weight loss, without the more dramatic signs that are usually seen in dogs. The disease may be seen in any breed at any age, but it seems to be more common in older pets. Pancreatitis occasionally occurs soon after ingestion of garbage, dead animals or a fatty meal (scraps of fatty meat, cheese, whole milk, chicken skins, etc.). In many cases, however, the disease is caused by the body

78. Feline Pancreatitis FELINE pancreatitis. What is pancreatitis? The insulin. When the pancreasbecomes inflamed, the disorder is called pancreatitis. http://www.drpetra.com/Cats/Pancreatitis in Cats.htm

FELINE PANCREATITIS What is pancreatitis? The pancreas is a vital organ which is located in the right side of the abdomen. It has two functions: 1) to produce enzymes which help in digestion of food and, 2) to produce hormones, such as insulin. When the pancreas becomes inflamed, the disorder is called pancreatitis. It is a disease process that is seen commonly in the dog and occasionally in the cat. There is no age, sex, or breed predisposition. There are two main forms of acute (sudden onset) pancreatitis: 1) the mild, edematous form and, 2) the more severe, hemorrhagic form. A few cats that recover from an acute episode of pancreatitis may continue to have recurrent bouts of the acute disease. This is termed the chronic form. The associated inflammation allows digestive enzymes to spill into the abdominal cavity; this may result in secondary damage to surrounding organs, such as the liver, bile ducts, gall bladder, and intestines. What causes it? The cause of pancreatitis is not known. There may be more than one cause. In dogs, it is often associated with a rich, fatty meal or the administration of cortisone; however, these associations have not been found with feline pancreatitis. Under normal conditions, the digestive enzymes produced by the pancreas are activated when they reach the small intestine. In pancreatitis, the enzymes are activated prematurely in the pancreas instead of in the small intestine. This results in digestion of the pancreas itself and, thus, the clinical signs begin. The clinical signs of pancreatitis are often variable, and the intensity of the disease will depend on the extent of organ involvement.

79. WSAVA 2001 - Feline Pancreatitis Feline pancreatitis. Jörg Steiner Germany. Introduction. The incidence of exocrinepancreatic disorders has traditionally been considered to be low in the cat. http://www.vin.com/VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00120.htm

Feline Pancreatitis Jörg Steiner Germany Introduction Etiology and Pathogenesis It is believed that all pancreatitis is caused by a common pathophysiologic pathway. Pancreatic acinar cells respond to any number of different insults by a decreased secretion of pancreatic enzymes, co-localization of zymogen granules and lysosomes, premature activation of trypsin, and subsequently of other digestive zymogens.(5) These activated digestive enzymes cause local effects, such as inflammation, hemorrhage, acinar cell necrosis, and peripancreatic fat necrosis. Digestive enzymes released into the blood stream may cause systemic effects, including systemic inflammatory changes, systemic vasodilatation leading to hypotension, pulmonary edema, disseminated intravascular coagulation, central neurologic deficits, respiratory failure, renal failure, and multiorgan failure. However, over the last decade there has been convincing evidence that at least in part systemic effects and progression of pancreatitis are due to release of cytokines.(6) Several diseases and risk factors have been associated with feline pancreatitis.(7,8) Traumatic pancreatitis (hit by cars or high-rise syndrome) has been reported.(7,9) Surgical trauma can cause pancreatitis but many human patients that undergo surgery of organs distant from the pancreas have been shown to be at an increased risk for pancreatitis suggesting that hypoperfusion of the exocrine pancreas during anesthesia may be of bigger importance than surgical handling of the organ itself. Infectious agents have been shown to cause feline pancreatitis, with the strongest causal relationship for

80. Pet Columns: Pancreatitis: The Other Stomachache pancreatitis The Other Stomachache. PrinterFriendly Version pancreatitis resultswhen there is a problem with the transport of enzymes to the intestine. http://www.cvm.uiuc.edu/petcolumns/showarticle.cfm?id=399

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