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         Nystagmus:     more books (100)
  1. Effects of Cerebellar Lesions Upon the Habituation of Post Rotational Nystagmus by Ward Halstead, 1935-01-01
  2. Nystagmus as a Resultant in Accordance with the Theoretical Principals of the Physical Mechanisms of the Normal Human Labrinths (Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology) by R. Grohmann, 1972-12
  3. The New Illustrated Medical and Health Encyclopedia Volume 9 knee to nystagmus
  4. Modification of Vestibular Nystagmus by Means of Repeated Elicitation by Orval Hobart Mowrer, 1934-01-01
  5. Diseases of Inner Ear: Ménière's Disease, Otosclerosis, Pathologic Nystagmus, Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo, Labyrinthitis
  6. ASPECTS OF ASYMMETRIC VESTIBULAR FUNCTION AND OPTOKINETIC AFTER-NYSTAGMUS by KRISTER BRANTBERG, 1991
  7. Spontan- und Provokations-Nystagmus: Seine Beobachtung, Aufzeichnung und Formanalyse als Grundlage der Vestibularisuntersuchung (German Edition) by Hermann Frenzel, 1982-02-24
  8. Positional Alcohol Nystagmus
  9. Optomotor reflexes and Nystagmus (1955 1st Ed) by KEINER, G.B.J. A.O. - Den Haag, 1955. 224pp by G.B.J. A.O. KEINER, 1955
  10. Strabologie: Schielen, Augenmuskeloperation, Amblyopie, Nystagmus, Binokularsehen, Heterophorie, Okulomotoriusparese, Trochlearisparese (German Edition)
  11. Physiologic Nystagmus
  12. The New Illustrated Medical and Health Encyclopedia, Volume 6 (Knee to Nystagmus)
  13. Nystagmus vestibulaire et les reactions de movements by R[aymond] Claoue, 1918-01-01
  14. Pathologic Nystagmus

41. Nystagmus: What Is Nystagmus?
What is nystagmus? nystagmus is generally described as an involuntarymovement of the eyes, which reduces vision. The movement is
http://homepage.ntlworld.com/shaun_d_smith/nyst/whatisit.html
*What is Nystagmus?* Congenital Nystagmus Causes of Nystagmus Effects of Nystagmus and Social Implications ... HOME
What is Nystagmus?
Nystagmus is generally described as an involuntary movement of the eyes, which reduces vision. The movement is usually side to side (but can be up and down or circular motion) and can be either jerk or pendular. (See this site for animations that shows the difference www.geocities.com/HotSprings/Spa/3699/Appear.html ). Nystagmus is neither contagious or infectious, but it is thought to sometimes be hereditary. Normal (physiological) nystagmus occurs for example when a passenger of a train watches as telegraph poles pass the window. His/her eyes will travel one way, and then jerk in the opposite direction to begin watching the next pole. There are over 40 different types of nystagmus ( www.theberries.ns.ca/BOTW_archives/nystagmus ) but the main division is between Congenital and Acquired Nystagmus.
  • Congenital nystagmus is thought to be present at birth, but is usually not apparent until the baby is a few months old.
  • Acquired nystagmus occurs later than 6 months of age, and can be caused by a stroke, disease such as multiple sclerosis, or even a heavy blow to the head.

42. Nystagmus: Congenital Nystagmus
Congenital nystagmus. It is not clear whether congenital nystagmus is actually presentat birth, or whether it occurs early in the child s vision development.
http://homepage.ntlworld.com/shaun_d_smith/nyst/congentl.html
What is Nystagmus? *Congenital Nystagmus* Causes of Nystagmus Effects of Nystagmus and Social Implications ... HOME
Congenital Nystagmus
It is not clear whether congenital nystagmus is actually present at birth, or whether it occurs early in the child's vision development. It is therefore also referred to as early-onset or infantile nystagmus. Many children with nystagmus have no other vision or brain problems. This is known as idiopathic, which means of unknown cause. However, nystagmus is often a symptom of other conditions such as albinism, aniridia, cataracts, cone dysfunction and many others. Nystagmus can be present with cerebral palsy, Down's Syndrome and many motor system diseases. A type of congenital nystagmus is latent nystagmus, and is only present when one eye is covered. This is not usually noticed until the first visit to the optician. It is not known how many people suffer from nystagmus, but it is thought to be 1 in 1000 adults, and 1 in 640 children, according to the Nystagmus Network. Despite all the associated problems, many nystagmus sufferers are able to lead normal, independent lives.

43. Roche Lexikon Medizin (4. Aufl.) - Nystagmus
nystagmus(rechts Auge; nach JUNG). N.), Downbeat-nystagmus. N., blickparetischer.
http://www.gesundheit.de/roche/ro25000/r27362.html
Ny stagmus engl.: nystagmus; nystaxis
Richtung u. Schlagfeld des Nystagmus (rechts Auge; nach J UNG
Pendel- (= oszillator. N.), Dreh-, Spontan-, Lagenystagmus Downbeat-Nystagmus
N., blickparetischer engl.: gaze-paretic n.
engl.: bulbar n.
N., diagonaler engl.: diagonal n.
N., dissoziierter engl.: dissociated n. N. mit ungleichen Schwingungsbahnen bd. Augen.
N., divergierender engl.: divergence n. Lage-N. mit schnellen Bewegungen zur jeweils aufliegenden Kopfseite.
N., kalorischer engl.: caloric n.
N., konvergierender engl.: convergence n. s.u. Lagenystagmus ; vgl. N., divergierender
N., okularer, N. optischer engl.: ocular n.; optic n. N., optokinetischer engl.: optokinetic n. physiologischer N. bei Fixieren eines Objektes im bewegten Gesichtsfeld, z.B. der Eisenbahn-N. N., (per)rotatorischer engl.: rotatory n. Drehnystagmus N. retractorius engl.: retractory n. engl.: vestibular n. N., zerebellarer engl.: cerebellar n. Kleinhirnnystagmus Verwandte Themen Anfallnystagmus Ataxia, Ataxie Augenzittern Ausfallnystagmus ... Unterberger* Tretversuch

44. Gale Encyclopedia Of Medicine Nystagmus
nystagmus. Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine by J. Ricker Polsdorfer. Definition.Rhythmic, oscillating motions of the eyes are called nystagmus.
http://www.findarticles.com/cf_dls/g2601/0009/2601000978/p1/article.jhtml?term=+

45. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Eye Movements - Uncontrollable
Back and forth eye movements; Involuntary eye movements; nystagmus; Rapid eye movementsfrom side to side; Uncontrolled eye movements Definition Return to top.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003037.htm
@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation
Medical Encyclopedia
Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z
Eye movements - uncontrollable
Contents of this page:
Illustrations
External and internal eye anatomy Alternative names Return to top Back and forth eye movements; Involuntary eye movements; Nystagmus; Rapid eye movements from side to side; Uncontrolled eye movements Definition Return to top Uncontrollable eye movements are involuntary, rapid, and repetitive movement of the eyes. Considerations Return to top Nystagmus refers to rapid involuntary movements of the eyes that may be from side to side (horizontal nystagmus), up and down (vertical nystagmus) or rotary. Depending on the cause, these movements may be in both eyes or in just one eye. The term "dancing eyes" has been used in regional dialect to describe nystagmus. The involuntary eye movements of nystagmus are caused by abnormal function in the areas of the brain that control eye movements. The exact nature of these disorders is poorly understood. Nystagmus may be either congenital (present at birth) or may be acquired (caused by disease or injury later in life). CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS Congenital nystagmus is more common than acquired nystagmus. It is usually mild, does not change in severity, and is not associated with any other disorder.

46. Nystagmus
nystagmus. nystagmus (nyeSTAG-muss) refers to rapid rhythmic back-and-forth involuntaryeye movements, usually side to side, rarely in the vertical plane.
http://www.drhull.com/EncyMaster/N/nystagmus.html

Help for sleepless parents Encyclopedia Index N nystagmus Search
nystagmus
Nystagmus (nye-STAG-muss) refers to rapid rhythmic back-and-forth involuntary eye movements, usually side to side, rarely in the vertical plane. A very mild degree of nystagmus called micronystagmus is present normally in everyone. The eyes normally flutter back and forth very rapidly; the amplitude of the swings is very small, and cannot ordinarily be seen. This occurs so that the visual receptors in the retina can complete their refresh cycle after discharge. If this micronystagmus ever stops for an instant, you will see a strange tree-like pattern before your eyes which represents the blood vessels on the surface of the retina. Visible, abnormal nystagmus may be caused by abnormality of any one of the three basic mechanisms that regulate position and movement of the eyes: fixation (focusing on and tracking objects), conjugate gaze (keeping the eyes parallel so that the images coincide), or vestibular mechanisms (the balance organs). This last is easily demonstrated: spin around and around until you feel dizzy, then observe the temporary nystagmus of your own eyes caused by the vestibular stimulation of spinning. Nystagmus can sometimes be more pronounced and thus visible, or even disconcerting. Nystagmus can occur benignly with no evidence of any significant medical condition. The blind have a particular type of nystagmus, described as "roving." It is disconcerting for some to see, and is one of the reasons the blind may wear dark glasses. A newborn baby with visible roving about of the eyes or jerking nystagmus should definitely get immediate ophthalmologic attention, because this could indicate blindness or congenital cataract. Other causes of nystagmus include drug toxicity, notably some anti-seizure medications such as Dilantin® (phenytoin). It may also herald serious neurological disease, to include brain tumor.

47. Nystagmus.de
nystagmus rhythmische
http://www.nystagmus.lawandbiz.at/
www. Nystagmus.de Deutschsprachiges Nystagmus-Forum zurück Nystagmus Dem Wortstamm nach bezeichnet "Nystagmus" rhythmische, willentlich nicht kontrollierbare Bewegungen eines Organs. Im gewöhnlichen Sprachgebrauch wird Nystagmus als Begriff zumeist verwandt für die unwillkürlichen, rhythmischen Bewegungen des Augapfels; Nystagmus im engeren Sinne. In die deutsche Sprache würde man den Begriff "Nystagmus" am ehesten mit Augenzittern übersetzen. Nystagmus i.e.S Man unterscheidet verschiedene Formen des Nystagmus im engeren Sinne. Undulierender Nystagmus Zum einen den sogenannten "undulierenden Nystagmus": Dabei handelt es sich um andauernde, gleichmäßige Bewegungen des Augapfels in entgegengesetzte Richtungen. In der anderen Form des Nystagmus erfolgt zunächst jeweils eine langsame Bewegung in die eine Richtung, sodann eine rasches Zurückschnellen in die andere Richtung. Meist wird die Krankheit als Wackeln oder Zittern des Gesichtsfeldes wahrgenommen. Formen der Augenbewegung Die rhythmische Augenbewegung kann zum Beispiel waagerecht, aber auch etwa senkrecht oder kreisförmig erfolgen.

48. Nystagmus.de
Translate this page Archiv von www.nystagmus.de. Um das aktuelle Diskussionsforum zu sehen, klickensie bitte auf www.nystagmus.de. Anita 19.11.2002 1156 (0) nystagmus.de.
http://f50.parsimony.net/forum201003/
Archiv von www.Nystagmus.de Um das aktuelle Diskussionsforum zu sehen, klicken sie bitte auf www.Nystagmus.de Dieses Diskussionsforum wird nicht weiter aktualisiert, bitte nur noch im neuen Diskussionsforum schreiben. [zum neuen Diskussionsforum] Einen Text schreiben Neue Beiträge ...

49. Untitled Document
HORIZONTAL GAZE nystagmus THE SCIENCE THE LAW A Resource Guidefor Judges, Prosecutors and Law Enforcement. Table of Contents.
http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/enforce/nystagmus/

A Resource Guide for Judges, Prosecutors and Law Enforcement
Table of Contents

50. Nystagmus - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
nystagmus Information, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention home eye disorders nystagmus nystagmus. Congenital nystagmus Details aboutCN including what it is, how it occurs, the characteristics and the types.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus
Nystagmus
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Nystagmus is an involuntary jerking of the eye . Everyone has it to some extent, but it is usually abnormal when it occurs spontaneously (rather than being induced by gaze or positioning) or when looking at a stationary object. The degree of nystagmus varies greatly between people and even in the same person at different times. Some things (such as alcohol and other central nervous system depressants) accentuate it and make it more visible. In some people, it is clearly visible naturally. There are dozens of different kinds of nystagmus. One can easily see nystagmus in someone else by having that person close their eyes and spinning them around. After a few spins, have the person stop and open their eyes. A distinct jerking of the eyes from side to side will be seen: this is rotational nystagmus. Strobe lights also produce nystagmus. It is also a symptom of many diseases. Views Personal tools Navigation Search Toolbox Other languages
  • Deutsch This page was last modified 11:47, 30 Apr 2004.

51. Nystagmus
nystagmus American nystagmus Network. nystagmus American nystagmus Network Network of personsaffected by nystagmus, an involuntary, rapid movement of the eyeball.
http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/english/Ny/Nystagmus.html
Philip M. Parker, INSEAD.
Nystagmus
Definition: Nystagmus
Nystagmus
Noun
. Involuntary movements of the eyeballs; the presence or absence of nystagmus is used to diagnose a variety of neurological and visual disorders. Source: WordNet 1.7.1
Etymology: Websters 1913
Specialty Definitions: Nystagmus
Domain Definitions
Aerospace
An involuntary oscillation of the eyeballs, especially occurring as a result of eye fixations and stimulations of the inner ear during rotation of the body. Back to Table of ContentsMarch 2003. ( references
Health
An involuntary, rapid, rhythmic movement of the eyeball, which may be horizontal, vertical, rotatory, or mixed, i.e., of two varieties. ( references Rhythmical oscillation of the eyeballs, either pendular or jerky. ( references
Medicine
Chronic oscillation of the eyeballs from side to side, a condition that can lead to complete disability, produced by grossly inadequate illumination of the coal face in mines(1). Source: European Union. references Rythmical oscillation of the eyeballs, either pendular or jerky. Source: European Union.

52. Nystagmus
nystagmus. horizontal nystagmus labyrinthine and vestibular causes hereditary ataxias.vascular lesions. phenytoin. barbiturates. alcohol. ataxic nystagmus ie.
http://www.geocities.com/davidscerri/nystagmus.htm
NYSTAGMUS horizontal nystagmus: labyrinthine and vestibular causes: (damage to inner ear, VIIIth nerve, VIIIth nerve nucleus or its brainstem connections (NB: labyrinthine causes usually also give vertigo, vomiting, deafness ± tinnitus) acute labyrinthitis acute alcoholism middle ear disease or surgery Meniere's disease multiple sclerosis syringobulbia basilar artery ischaemia cerebellar causes (lesions of lateral lobes): multiple sclerosis hereditary ataxias vascular lesions phenytoin barbiturates alcohol ataxic nystagmus [ie. nystagmus greater in abducting eye, with impaired adduction; damage to medial longitudinal fasciculus causing internuclear ophthalmoplegia]: multiple sclerosis (usually bilateral) brainstem vascular disease (unilateral) vertical nystagmus: sedatives, especially phenytoin brainstem disease (usually causes horizontal nystagmus) foramen magnum lesions (down-beating nystagmus) pinealoma (inability to look up and adductor nystagmus) pendular and rotary nystagmus: congenital [decreased by convergence; appears to convert to jerk nystagmus on lateral gaze] inability to fix (partial blindness): albinism severe refractive errors macular disease positional nystagmus: peripheral type [+ marked vertigo = benign paroxysmal positional vertigo] central type (vertigo not marked): lesions of cerebellum / brainstem / vestibular connections

53. Nystagmus FAQ
New Vision main page nystagmus FAQ. nystagmus FAQ. Most peoplesearching for minor problem What is nystagmus? nystagmus is
http://www.geocities.com/EnchantedForest/Meadow/8921/nystagmus.html
New Vision main page Nystagmus FAQ Most people searching for information about Nystagmus are parents who, after having noticed their child's unsteady gaze, dropped in to the doctor to check out what they hoped was a minor problem... What is Nystagmus? N ystagmus Network Homepage or the UK Nystagmus Action Group page. What is the difference between congenital and acquired Nystagmus? Congenital Nystagmus is that which exists from birth or soon after. Apparently, some Nystagmus is normal in an infant, but it should be investigated if it persists. Acquired Nystagmus can appear later in life as a result of medications, head trauma, tumors, and a variety of other things. What is visual acuity like with Nystagmus? Anywhere from 20/20-20/400 with Nystagmus alone. ( What do those numbers mean? What causes congenital Nystagmus? Nystagmus is not the result of something the parent did or failed to do. It can be hereditary but often it isn't. It can be the result of another condition (which is why, when the symptoms of Nystagmus are noted, the parents should see a doctor) or it can appear alone. Sometimes a cause can be attached to it, but for the most part, the reason for it remains unknown. Has Nystagmus been linked to Shaken Baby Syndrome?

54. Opération Du Nystagmus SNOF / SFO
nystagmus.Madame, Mademoiselle, Monsieur,. Pourquoi opérer le nystagmus ?
http://www.snof.org/chirurgie/info/nystagmus.html
Accueil Annonces Art Histoire ... Homepage FICHE d'information Voir la liste des fiches
Madame, Mademoiselle, Monsieur, Le nystagmus est responsable d'une mauvaise vision (strabisme).
Hospitalisation Technique
Les complications de la chirurgie sur les muscles de l'oeil sont rares :
donne mon accord ne donne pas mon accord
Date et Signature
EDITE ET DIFFUSE POUR LE SYNDICAT NATIONAL DES OPHTALMOLOGISTES DE FRANCE
JMM 12/99

55. HealthlinkUSA Nystagmus Links
No, not nystagmus Try New Mouse Pointers Instead! Free download! FindWhat. Clickhere for page 1 of nystagmus information from the HealthlinkUSA directory.
http://www.healthlinkusa.com/228ent.htm

56. Nystagmus
nystagmus. Definition. Rhythmic, oscillating motions of the eyes are callednystagmus. The toand-fro motion is generally involuntary.
http://www.healthatoz.com/healthatoz/Atoz/ency/nystagmus.html
Encyclopedia Index N Home Encyclopedia Encyclopedia Index N Nystagmus
Definition Rhythmic, oscillating motions of the eyes are called nystagmus. The to-and-fro motion is generally involuntary. Vertical nystagmus occurs much less frequently than horizontal nystagmus and is often, but not necessarily, a sign of serious brain damage. Nystagmus can be a normal physiological response or a result of a pathologic problem. Description The eyes play a critical role in maintaining balance. They are directly connected to other organs of equilibrium, most important of which is the inner ear. Paired structures called the semicircular canals deep in the skull behind the ears sense motion and relay that information to balance control centers in the brain. The eyes send visual information to the same centers. A third set of sensors consists of nerve endings all over the body, particularly in joints, that detect position. All this information is integrated to allow the body to navigate in space and gravity. It is possible to fool this system or to overload it with information so that it malfunctions. A spinning ride at the amusement park is a good way to overload it with information. The system has adapted to the spinning, expects it to go on forever, and carries that momentum for some time after it is over. Nystagmus is the lingering adjustment of the eyes to tracking the world as it revolves around them. Nystagmus can be classified depending upon the type of motion of the eyes. In pendular nystagmus the speed of motion of the eyes is the same in both directions. In jerk nystagmus there is a slow and fast phase. The eyes move slowly in one direction and then seem to jerk back in the other direction.

57. Sort It! - Eye Information - Nystagmus
Myopia is when you find it hard to see things in the distance. nystagmus. nystagmusmeans that your eyes move without you controlling them. nystagmus.
http://www.sortit.org.uk/eyecond_nyst.htm
Eye Conditions Find out information about: Astigmatism Astigmatism happens when the cornea is flattened. Glaucoma Glaucoma is when the optic nerve is damaged. Myopia (Shortsight) Myopia is when you find it hard to see things in the distance. Nystagmus Nystagmus means that your eyes move without you controlling them. Childhood cataract A cataract is when a part of your eye called the lens is cloudy. Albinism When people are born with little or no colour (or pigment) in their eyes, skin and hair.
Nystagmus What is nystagmus?
Nystagmus means that your eyes move without you controlling them and often without you knowing it. They usually move from side to side but it can also be up and down or even sometimes in a circular movement. This means that you may not be able to see as clearly as other people. Some babies are born with nystagmus or it can develop when they are only a few months old. People can also have nystagmus when they are older.

58. Disease Directory : Eye Disorders : Nystagmus
»nystagmus Reviews«« nystagmus Reviews. Related Subjects NutritionMore Pages nystagmus Page 1 2. Search for a Health Issue Book.
http://www.diseasedirectory.net/Eye_Disorders/Nystagmus/default.aspx
Wednesday, June 02, 2004 Eye Disorders
Amblyopia
Aniridia
Blindness ... Eye Disorders : Nystagmus
  • »»Nystagmus Reviews«« - Nystagmus Reviews. Average review score: No reviews found. Related Subjects: Nutrition More Pages: Nystagmus Page 1 2. Search for a Health Issue Book. American Nystagmus Network - A nonprofit organization to serve the needs and interests of those affected by nystagmus. Congenital Nystagmus - Details about CN including what it is, how it occurs, the characteristics and the types. eMedicine - Nystagmus, Acquired : Article by Christopher M Bardorf ... - Nystagmus, Acquired - Nystagmus may be defined as a periodic rhythmic ocular oscillation of the eyes. The oscillations may be sinusoidal eMedicine - Nystagmus, Congenital : Article by David T Wheeler, MD - Nystagmus, Congenital - Congenital or infantile nystagmus is a clinical sign that may take many different forms. Involuntary, rhythmic - Last Updated: 12/21/2001. Congenital Nystagmus. Nystagmus is characterized by repetitive, involuntary oscillations of the eyes. When - Nystagmus. Nystagmus is the condition characterized by repetitive oscillations of the eyes. The cause of congenital nystagmus is frequently unknown.

59. Multiple Sclerosis Glossary: N
nystagmus A back and forth twitching Eye movement (Rhythmical jerking movements),with the fast component maximal, towards the side of the Cerebellar Lesion.
http://www.albany.net/~tjc/gloss1-n.html
MS Glossary
A B C ... W
N
Necrosis Is tissue decomposition resulting from the loss of its Blood and Oxygen supply, Burns, or other severe injuries. It can also be caused by some medications, commonly used to treat MS.
Necrosis of the skin occurs after a subcutaneous injection, when the body is intolerant of the medication. Necrosis of the Hip and Shoulder Joints are caused by the Long-Term use of Steroids. See Steroids
Nerve Fibers Axons Are long, sparsely branched Processes, having non-changing diameters that extend from a Neuron's Cell Body and connect another Neuron's Axon Dendrite , or Cell Body and/or bodily organs that compose their Neural Network.
    A bundle of Nerve Fibers ( Axons ) are either:
  • Afferent - leading towards the higher Brain ( CNS ) and serving in the Perception of Sensory stimuli of the Skin, Joints, Muscles, and Inner Organs; or
  • Efferent - leading away from the higher Brain and mediating contractions and relaxzation of Muscles or Organs.
Nerve Impulse The electrochemical charge ( Action Potential ) carried by an Axon
Neurologic Disease - Any disorder of the Nervous System. There are many different Neurologic Diseases, among which is

60. Understanding Nystagmus By Drs. Richard & Laura Windsor - Vision World Wide, Inc
Back to our Medical Information page. Understanding nystagmus. by nystagmusis an involuntary rhythmic shaking or wobbling of the eyes.
http://www.visionww.org/drswindsor-nystagmus.htm
Click Here to access our office online
Understanding Nystagmus
by Richard L. Windsor, O.D.
Laura K. Windsor, O.D.
The Low Vision Centers of Indiana
Nystagmus is an involuntary rhythmic shaking or wobbling of the eyes. The term nystagmus is derived from the Greek word, "nmstagmos", which was used to describe the wobbly head movements of a sleepy or inebriated individual. Nystagmus has also been described as "dancing eyes" or "jerking eyes". Doctors and researchers classify nystagmus by the characteristics of the eye movements like do they move back and forth like a pendulum or do they move slowly in one direction and then rapidly in another? Do the eyes move laterally or vertically and by how much? How fast do the eyes move? There are various methods of classifying nystagmus. Traditionally nystagmus has been divided into two groups. Sensory nystagmus is related to vision loss and motor nystagmus is related to the control of muscle function. There are over 45 types of nystagmus. To simplify our explanation of nystagmus, we will divide nystagmus into two basic types. The first is nystagmus that begins very early in life and is associated with vision loss. The second is called acquired nystagmus and is associated with neurological disorders occurring later in life. Nystagmus from Early in Life Early onset nystagmus often accompanies vision loss acquired at birth or soon after and may be one of the first signs that a child has a loss of vision. Studies suggest 1 in every 1000 children have nystagmus. In 80-90% of cases, it is a side effect of vision loss from eye diseases such as albinism, aniridia, optic nerve hypoplasia, achromatopsia congenital cataracts, coloboma or retinopathy of prematurity. This type of nystagmus is usually observed around the sixth to eighth week of life and is rarely seen before then. In about 10-20% of cases, it presents with mild vision loss not associated with other diagnosed ocular diseases. The discovery of nystagmus in a child is reason for an immediate examination!

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