21. IPT Journal - "Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy: Integration Of Classic And Contempo munchausen syndrome by Proxy Integration of Classic and Contemporary Types. Deirdre Conway Rand *. Evolution of munchausen syndrome by Proxy as a Diagnosis. http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume2/j2_2_4.htm

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Integration of Classic and Contemporary Types Deirdre Conway Rand Evolution of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy as a Diagnosis Munchausen syndrome by proxy derives from adult Munchausen syndrome, which was first described in the literature in 1951 by Asher. In adult Munchausen syndrome, the patient fabricates and/or induces his own symptoms and presents himself for treatment. The description of Munchausen syndrome by proxy was first made in 1977, after British pediatrician Roy Meadow recognized that mothers of two children in his practice were engaging in dissimulations that put their children in the patient role, using the children as proxies. Subsequently, Meadow has collected and presented a number of cases, noting from the outset that is was often the doctors who harmed the child most through their unnecessary tests and treatments. Originally, Meadow observed the mother of the child as perpetrator and the child as a simple victim, stating in 1982 that only children up to age six were used as proxies because a child older than that would likely reveal the deception. After two more years of study, however, he reported in 1984 that an older child could act as a confederate of the mother, with the two involved in a sort of folie â deux , a pattern that might be perpetuated even after the child reached adulthood. Thus, Meadow began to describe the complex psychological nature of MSP.

22. IPT Journal - "Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy As A Possible Factor When Abuse Is F munchausen syndrome by Proxy as a Possible Factor When Abuse is Falsely Alleged. Deirdre Conway Rand *. munchausen syndrome by proxy. http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume1/j1_4_4.htm

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy as a Possible Factor When Abuse is Falsely Alleged Deirdre Conway Rand ABSTRACT: Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP) is a reportable form of child abuse in which a physical or mental disorder of the child is either fabricated or induced by a parent or other adult caretaker. While most often diagnosed in medical settings, a contemporary-type MSP has emerged in which the parent fabricates or induces the idea that the child has been abused by someone else, with the accusing parent/caretaker then gaining recognition from helpers as the protector of an abused child. The case illustrated in Bad Moon Rising: A True Story , is discussed. Professionals are reminded of the importance of thorough fact-finding and the need for a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosing MSP. Persons coming in contact with child abuse cases, especially cases where sex abuse is alleged, should be aware of a clinical syndrome called Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP). Munchausen syndrome by proxy is a specialized form of child abuse in which a physical or mental disorder of the child is either fabricated or induced by a parent or other adult caretaker. A related psychiatric disorder, Munchausen syndrome, refers to the individual who either fabricates or induces a medical or psychological problem in themselves. The name Munchausen comes from a notorious 18th century teller of tall tales, Baron Von Munchausen. Whereas in Munchausen syndrome the person gains positive attention from medical personnel for their own factitious illness, in MSP the perpetrator gains attention as the concerned caretaker of a sick child, who is the proxy.

23. EMedicine - Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy : Article By Jon Donavon Mason, MD, FAC munchausen syndrome by Proxy In 1977, Englishman Roy Meadow published the first report of a new form of child abuse. munchausen syndrome by Proxy. http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic830.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Emergency Medicine Psychosocial Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy Last Updated: May 1, 2001 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: factitious disorder by proxy AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 7 Author Information Introduction Warning Signs Of Msbp Symptoms Of Msbp ... Bibliography Author: Jon Donavon Mason, MD, FACEP, FAAP , Assistant Program Director, Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School Jon Donavon Mason, MD, FACEP, FAAP, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics American College of Emergency Physicians , and Editor(s): James Li, MD , Mount Auburn Hospital, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD , Senior Pharmacy Editor, Pharmacy, eMedicine; Robert C Harwood, MD, MPH

24. Munchausen's Syndrome munchausen syndrome by Proxy is even more frightening, as the individual will inflict pain and Munchausen s Syndrome. Parenting Special Needs Blog. http://specialchildren.about.com/b/a/027067.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Parenting Special Needs Home Essentials ... 101 Family Activities zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Autism Behaviors Advocacy Development ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Parenting Special Needs newsletter. Search Parenting Special Needs Munchausen's Syndrome Parenting Special Needs Blog Main September 16, 2003 Munchausen's Syndrome A cry for help. A disturbing disorder that causes an individual to inflict false illnesses on themselves in order to seek community and medical attention. Munchausen syndrome by Proxy is even more frightening, as the individual will inflict pain and suffering on their child in order to be seen as a martyr or hero. Email a Friend Display Latest Headlines Read Archives Most Popular Reactive Attachment DisorderCoping Strategies Juvenile Diabetes "My Flesh and Blood" Munchausen Syndrome ... Understanding Emotional Development What's Hot Accessible Summer Recreation 101 Family Activities Martial Arts and Physical Therapy:Exploring the Connections ...

25. Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy (MSBP) And Attention Seeking Personality Disorders munchausen syndrome, msbp, factitious disorder, false victims, and centre of attention behaviour. Falsely family. Links. munchausen syndrome Hub. http://www.bullyonline.org/workbully/munchaus.htm

Falsely accused, harassed, ignored, distortion, hate mail, manipulated, deliberate harm? Read this Munchausen Syndrome and Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy (MSBP) Factitious disorder, factitious disorder by proxy Munchausen Syndrome is an attention-seeking personality disorder which is more common than statistics suggest. Munchausen Syndrome, named after a German soldier renowned for exaggerated tales, is a predominantly female disorder in which an emotionally immature person with narcissistic tendencies, low self-esteem and a fragile ego has an overwhelming need to draw attention to herself and to be the centre of attention. In Munchausen Syndrome, this is achieved by capitalising on, exploiting, exaggerating or feigning illness or injury or personal misfortune. The opportunities for being centre of attention can be increased if feigning victimhood through alleged victimisation, isolation, exclusion or persecution is added to the equation; the Munchausen person can then depict another person (often a family member) as a victimiser or persecutor and herself as the victim. Presenting herself as a false victim is also a Munchausen trait. In Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy (MSBP), occasions for being centre of attention are created by deliberately causing illness, injury or harm to others to provide opportunities for rescue and care. Often the MSBP sufferer will work as a nurse, perhaps in a hospital ward for sick children (especially very young babies) or in a home for elderly persons, or with severely handicapped people, or as a care giver; the common thread is a victim whose is vulnerable, whose verbal skills or emotional state or mental condition prevents them from explaining what the MSBP person is doing to them and whose hold on life may already be precarious. Even if the victim survives, they cannot or will not be a witness. Because death amongst these groups occurs normally and is therefore not unusual or unexpected, her activities in causing death may escape notice for years.

26. Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy From the Lectric Law Library s stacks munchausen syndrome By Proxy. By Kathryn A. Artingstall Detective Artingstall serves with http://www.lectlaw.com/files/cri15.htm

From the 'Lectric Law Library's stacks Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy By Kathryn A. Artingstall Detective Artingstall serves with the Orlando, Florida, Police Department. From The FBI Magazine - August 1995 The Library Rotunda Our Central Hub, Directory and Index... plus Lots More The Reference Room The Lay People's Lounge The Business Peoples's Lounge The Legal Professional's Lounge Please see our GoldCard Program Info and/or Ralf's Tour about help with your Sorry, we're unable to assist non-members.

27. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 15, Ch. 185, Psychiatry In Medicine click here for navigation help. munchausen syndrome. munchausen syndrome by proxy is a bizarre variant in which usually a child is used as a surrogate patient. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section15/chapter185/185d.jsp

28. What Is Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy What is Munchausen s Syndrome by Proxy. Remembering Baron von Munchausen s and his apocryphal tales, Asher named this condition Munchausen s Syndrome. http://www.ashermeadow.com/Whatis.htm

subscribe bookstore essentials newsboard ... site map W hat is MSP? Page Tools Discuss Print Recommend Contact Us What is MSP? FBI Report on MSP MSP Slide Show Dartmouth Medical School Formula for MSP Case Study ... What Are the Symptoms? What is Munchausen's Syndrome by Proxy In 1794, at the age of 74, Munchausen's married Bernhardine Brun, then 17 years old. It is said that on their wedding night, the baron retired early, and his bride spent the night dancing with another. In 1795, Bernhardine gave birth to a son. Following the birth of this child, it was whispered that "the life of the Munchausen child will likely be short." The boy, named Polle, died at approximately 1 year of age under suspicious circumstances. Almost a century later, an unusual behavior pattern among young men gained recognition in the writings of Charcot. In 1877, he described adults, who through self-inflicted injuries or bogus medical documents, attempted to gain hospitalization and treatment. Charcot called this condition "mania operativa passiva."

29. Munchausen Syndrome munchausen syndrome. munchausen syndrome takes its name from Baron Karl Friederich von Munchausen, an 18th century German military man known for his tall tales. http://www.ehendrick.org/healthy/000922.htm

MAIN SEARCH INDEX Munchausen syndrome Definition Description Causes and symptoms Diagnosis ... Resources Definition Munchausen syndrome is a psychiatric disorder that causes an individual to self-inflict injury or illness or to fabricate symptoms of physical or mental illness, in order to receive medical care or hospitalization. In a variation of the disorder, Munchausen by proxy (MSBP), an individual, typically a mother, intentionally causes or fabricates illness in a child or other person under her care. Description Munchausen syndrome takes its name from Baron Karl Friederich von Munchausen, an 18th century German military man known for his tall tales. The disorder first appeared in psychiatric literature in the early 1950s when it was used to describe patients who sought hospitalization by inventing symptoms and complicated medical histories, and/or inducing illness and injury in themselves. Categorized as a factitious disorder (a disorder in which the physical or psychological symptoms are under voluntary control), Munchausen's syndrome seems to be motivated by a need to assume the role of a patient. Unlike malingering , there does not seem to be any clear secondary gain (e.g., money) in Munchausen syndrome.

30. Munchausen Syndrome: Description, Criteria, Causes, Symptoms, Treatments And Med , Criteria, Causes, Symptoms, Treatments and Medications. Go to MHM Bookstore. munchausen syndrome. Also known as Description.......munchausen syndrome http://www.mental-health-matters.com/disorders/dis_details.php?disID=61

31. What Is Munchausen Syndrome? What is munchausen syndrome? Approximately 50% of those with munchausen syndrome are subject to drug abuse, and many have borderline personality disorder. http://www.mental-health-matters.com/articles/article.php?artID=394

32. Munchausen Syndrome Hub munchausen syndrome, also known as factitious is a psychological disorder in which the patient fabricates the symptoms of disease or injury in order to undergo http://genomelink.org/munchausen/

Munchausen syndrome, also known as factitious is a psychological disorder in which the patient fabricates the symptoms of disease or injury in order to undergo medical tests, hospitalization, or even medical or surgical treatment. Acne Allergy Antibiotics Antioxidants ... Munchausen syndrome by proxy from MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia - updated by Elizabeth Hait, M.D., Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. Munchausen Syndrome from eMedicine Journal - by William Ernoehazy, Jr, MD, FACEP, Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, St Luke's Hospital of Jacksonville. Child Neglect and Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy - by National CASA Association. Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Integration of Classic and Contemporary Types - by Deirdre Conway Rand. Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome - by David Allison, Philosophy, SUNY at Stony Brook. Munchausen Syndrome by the Merck Manual Mothers Against Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy Allegations Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Recognizing a Form of Child Abuse - by Elizabeth B. Dowdell, RN, PhD Kristina L. Foster, RN, MS.

33. Nursing Spectrum- Career Fitness Online munchausen syndrome by Proxy Recognizing a Form of Child Abuse Elizabeth B. Dowdell, RN, PhD Kristina L. Foster, RN, MS. The goal http://nsweb.nursingspectrum.com/ce/ce209.htm

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Recognizing a Form of Child Abuse Elizabeth B. Dowdell, RN, PhD Kristina L. Foster, RN, MS Define three aspects of Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP). Discuss three perpetrator and three child victim profiles associated with MSBP. Discuss the role of the nurse in recognizing, profiling, and caring for child victims of MSBP. A parent, usually the mother, induces or reports physical symptoms in a child and fabricates a corresponding history that results in unnecessary medical evaluation and treatment. A Legend Lives On In the 1950s, Richard Asher, MD, a London physician, first coined the term Munchausen syndrome to describe patients who consistently produced false stories about themselves to receive needless medical investigations, operations, and treatments. Munchausen syndrome by proxy was first used in 1977 to describe a condition in which parents falsified illnesses or fabricated symptoms for their children. A Lost Childhood Reported cases of MSBP vary in complexity from simply fabricating symptoms, tampering with laboratory specimens, or altering health records, to using direct methods to induce symptoms.

34. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy munchausen syndrome by proxy. munchausen syndrome by proxy is a form of child abuse in which a parent induces real or apparent symptoms of a disease in a child. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001555.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Munchausen syndrome by proxy Contents of this page: Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors Symptoms Signs and tests ... Prevention Definition Munchausen syndrome by proxy is a form of child abuse in which a parent induces real or apparent symptoms of a disease in a child. Causes, incidence, and risk factors This syndrome almost always involves a mother abusing her child by seeking unneeded medical attention for him or her. It is rare and poorly understood. The cause is unknown. The mother may fake symptoms of illness in her child by adding blood to the child's urine or stool, withholding food, falsifying fevers, surreptitiously giving emetics or cathartics to simulate vomiting or diarrhea , or using other maneuvers (such as infecting IV lines to make the child appear or become ill). These children are often hospitalized with groups of symptoms that don't quite fit classical disease findings. Frequently, the children are made to suffer through unneccessary tests, surgeries, or other uncomfortable procedures. The affected parent is usually very helpful in the hospital setting and is often appreciated by the nursing staff for the care she gives her child. She is commonly seen as devoted and unusually self-sacrificing, which can make medical professionals unlikely to suspect the diagnosis.

35. Medical Encyclopedia: Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy (Print Version) Medical Encyclopedia munchausen syndrome by proxy. munchausen syndrome by proxy is not believed to be an intentional form of cruelty. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/print/ency/article/001555.htm

To print this page, use the print option from your browser. To close this window, click on the "x" in the upper right hand corner of the window. Medical Encyclopedia: Munchausen syndrome by proxy URL of this page: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001555.htm Definition Munchausen syndrome by proxy is a form of child abuse in which a parent induces real or apparent symptoms of a disease in a child. Causes, incidence, and risk factors This syndrome almost always involves a mother abusing her child by seeking unneeded medical attention for him or her. It is rare and poorly understood. The cause is unknown. The mother may fake symptoms of illness in her child by adding blood to the child's urine or stool, withholding food, falsifying fevers, surreptitiously giving emetics or cathartics to simulate vomiting or diarrhea, or using other maneuvers (such as infecting IV lines to make the child appear or become ill). These children are often hospitalized with groups of symptoms that don't quite fit classical disease findings. Frequently, the children are made to suffer through unneccessary tests, surgeries, or other uncomfortable procedures. The affected parent is usually very helpful in the hospital setting and is often appreciated by the nursing staff for the care she gives her child. She is commonly seen as devoted and unusually self-sacrificing, which can make medical professionals unlikely to suspect the diagnosis.

36. Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy munchausen syndrome by Proxy. Nina J. Karlin Dartmouth Medical School - Class of 1996. Karl munchausen syndrome by Proxy Described. In http://earthops.org/munchausen/munchausen.html

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy Nina J. Karlin - Dartmouth Medical School - Class of 1996 Karl Friedrich Hieronymus Freihess von Munchausen was an 18th Century figure who gained fame for his tall tales revolving around his peripatetic adventures. Richard Asher (1951) coined the term "Munchausen Syndrome" to characterize patients who fabricate illness and subject themselves to unpleasant and potentially harmful medical procedures. Patients with this disorder travel great distances and recount dramatic, plausible but, nevertheless, false medical histories. The English pediatrician Meadow (1977) came up with "Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy" (MSBP) after discovering that several of his epileptic patients' mothers had fabricated the children's symptoms. Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy Described MSBP is not uncommon; however its prevalence has not been established. Rosenberg (1987) considered 117 cases in a review. Schreier and Libow (1993) postulated that this syndrome is more common than previously believed, and that many of the cases are not diagnosed. MSBP ranges from diseases that are completely imagined to diseases that are fully induced in the child. The means by which MSBP mothers most frequently fabricate disease are suffocation, induced seizures, bleeding, chronic poisoning with ipecac (leading to vomiting), chronic poisoning with phenolphthalein (leading to diarrhea), and excrement injection.

37. Factitious Disorder - Munchausen Syndrome Factitious Disorders, munchausen syndrome major links to information, areas of information, research and academic interest. Factitious http://www.psychnet-uk.com/clinical_psychology/clinical_psychology_factitious_di

38. Factitious Disorder By Proxy Refer to conditions of use. Factitious Disorder by Proxy munchausen syndrome by proxy. Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome Misunderstood Child Abuse. None Located. http://www.psychnet-uk.com/dsm_iv/factitious_disorder_by_proxy.htm

39. CBS News | Expert Testimony, Bad Evidence? | April 23, 2004 18:12:42 In 1977, Meadow announced the discovery of a strange new form of child abuse he called munchausen syndrome by Proxy, in which women were nearly smothering http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/04/19/60II/main612675.shtml

Home U.S. Iraq World ... FREE CBS News Video April 23, 2004 18:12:42 The Early Show CBS Evening News 48 Hours 60 Minutes ... Section Front E-mail This Story Printable Version Expert Testimony, Bad Evidence? April 21, 2004 Angela Cannings was charged with murder after she and her husband lost their third infant in 10 years. (Photo: CBS) "To many parents who have undergone this experience of being accused falsely of harming their children, that is exactly the feeling they have, that there is no escape." Lord Earl Howe In 1977, Dr. Roy Meadow discovered the strange new form of child abuse he called Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy. (Photo: Collier) Sally Clark was convicted of murder in 1999 and sentenced to prison for life for the death of her two infant boys. (Photo: BBC) (CBS) You may have heard of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy. It's the kind of child abuse in which a parent tries to get attention for herself or himself by making his or her own baby sick - often by smothering the infant. This bizarre crime was first discovered by Dr. Roy Meadow, a British pediatrician. And ever since, mothers have been prosecuted in Britain and in the United States based on his theories. But recently, a few of those women have been freed from prison - and there is now reason to believe that some of Meadow's theories are tragically wrong.

40. Munchausen Syndrome munchausen syndrome. munchausen syndrome refers to the bizarre psychiatric disorder in which patients fabricate symptoms and signs http://www.drhull.com/EncyMaster/M/Munchausen_syndrome.html

Help for sleepless parents Encyclopedia Index M Munchausen Syndrome Search Munchausen Syndrome Munchausen Syndrome refers to the bizarre psychiatric disorder in which patients fabricate symptoms and signs of disease in order to gain attention and sympathy. It was named for the mythical Baron von Munchausen, a teller of fabulous tall tales. In pediatrics, this syndrome appears as the equally bizarre and dangerous in which a parent, usually the mother, deliberately makes her child sick by administering laxatives, emetics, baking soda, insulin, or fecal matter. The parent secretly sabotages medical treatments and creates complications by various subterfuges.

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