21. Association For Patient-Oriented Research multiple system atrophy News. 2. multiple system atrophy RESEARCH NEWS a. NIH FUNDED RESEARCH PROJECTS i. Autonomic Disorders Program Project ii. http://www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/gcrc/aas/patient resources/SD-MSA group.html

Shy-Drager/MSA Support Group Join the Multiple System Atrophy/Shydrager Mailing List Multiple System Atrophy News Click figure to go to SDS/MSA Website MSA News now available on the web Go to http://health.groups.yahoo.com/group/msa-news/ February 2003 1. SUPPORT GROUP NEWS a. View the Latest News from Shy-Drager.com i. Annual Russell Wood Lecture - Denver, CO - April 2003 ii. SDS/MSA Support Group Regional Meeting - Houston, TX - May 2003 b. NAF Annual Membership Meeting - Atlanta, GA - March 2003 2. MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY RESEARCH NEWS a. NIH FUNDED RESEARCH PROJECTS i. Autonomic Disorders Program Project ii. Molecular Substrates of Aging and Neuron Death 3. ODDS AND ENDS a. Charmayne's MSA/Shy-Drager website has moved. January 2003 Table of Contents a. View the Latest News from Shy-Drager.com b. Annual Ataxia Medical Meeting - February 8, 2003 - Rockville, MD 2. MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY RESEARCH NEWS a. World Leaders in MSA Research to meet in Austria - February 2003 b. NEW NIH FUNDED RESEARCH PROJECT: Bionic Baroreflex System for Blood Pressure Control

22. The Sarah Matheson Trust For Multiple System Atrophy The Sarah Matheson Trust is the UK charity that offers support and information services to people living with multiple system atrophy and all those that care http://www.msaweb.co.uk/

The Sarah Matheson Trust is the UK charity that offers support and information services to people living with Multiple System Atrophy and all those that care for them. It also sponsors research in the cause and treatment of MSA. The site provides information on MSA and outlines the Trust's services and how to access them. sarah matheson trust, msa, multiple system atrophy, multisystem atrophy, autonomic, autonomic dysfunction, cerebellar ataxia, degenerative diseases, glial inclusion bodies, nervous system diseases, neurology, parkinsonism, postural hypotension, shy drager s="na";c="na";j="na";f=""+escape(document.referrer) document.write(""+todaysDate+""); This website provides information for health professionals and people diagnosed with MSA. The information on this site forms part of the range of information leaflets available from the Sarah Matheson Trust. The site is not designed as a diagnostic tool and, as with any medical information, the opinion of your doctor should always be sought. Sarah Matheson Trust, Pickering Unit, St Mary's Hospital, London W2 1NY (phone) 020 7886 1520

23. Multiple System Atrophy multiple system atrophy (MSA). Timothy C. Hain, MD Chicago, USA. Survival of patients with pathologically proven multiple system atrophy A meta analysis. http://www.tchain.com/otoneurology/disorders/central/movement/msa.html

Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) Timothy C. Hain, MD Chicago, USA Last update: 12/15/2002 Please read our Multiple system atrophy is a rare neurological disorder characterized by a combination of parkinsonism, cerebellar and pyramidal signs, and autonomic dysfunction. The term "Multiple System Atrophy" is synonymous with striatonigral degeneration (SND) when Parkinsonism predominates, olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) when cerebellar signs predominate, and Shy-Drager syndrome when autonomic failure is dominant. The incidence (new case per 100,000 person years) for ages 50 to 99 years is 3.0 (Bower et al, 1997), or about half as frequent as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) . The mean age of onset is 54. The Parkinsonism of MSA is generally an akinetic rigid syndrome, similar to that of PSP . Rest tremor may occur but is not a predominant feature. Postural instability is common. Parkinsonism is generally the most common initial sign and eventually develops in about 90% of all patients. The cerebellar signs inlude finger-to-nose or heel-shin dysmetria, gait ataxia, intention tremor and nystagmus. Cerebellar signs are the first feature on only about 5% of patients. Cerebellar signs are observed in 50% of cases (Ben-Shlomo et al, 1997). Sporadic OPCA evolves into MSA in roughly 25% of cases within 5 years.

24. Multiple System Atrophy - Information / Diagnosis / Treatment / Prevention home neurological disorders neurodegenerative diseases multiple system atrophy multiple system atrophy. Information • Diagnosis http://www.healthcyclopedia.com/neurological-disorders/neurodegenerative-disease

Home Health cyclopedia All Topics by Category The Good Health Search Engine Health Conditions A-Z Gurus ... neurodegenerative diseases > multiple system atrophy Multiple System Atrophy Information / Diagnosis / Treatment / Prevention External links (marked with an arrow ) open in a new window. This site is a web directory and does not offer medical advice. We cannot take responsibility for information found on listed sites. This Page Related Topics Medical Definition Health News Web Directory: Related Topics: Shy-Drager Syndrome Neurological Disorders/Movement Disorders Medical Definition: University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Medical Dictionary: "multiple system atrophy" Health News: Search millions of published articles for news on Multiple System Atrophy Modern Medicine Aging The Ardell Wellness Report HealthFacts Medical Post Medical Update Men's Health and the National Women's Health Report Note: Subscription required to access the full text of articles. Web Directory: EMSA-SG Study group for Multiple System Atrophy. Multiple System Atrophy A short article and a nice .pdf document on MSA by the department of neurology of Mount Sinai School of Medicine (MSSM). Multiple System Atrophy Articel by Timothy C. Hain, MD Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago.

25. MSA FAQ Mutltiple System Atrophy (MSA) FAQ. What is multiple system atrophy? How common is MSA? Between 25,000 and 100,000 American have multiple system atrophy. http://www.shy-drager.org/msa_faq.htm

Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) FAQ We would like to thank Richard Shu for putting this document together. It is one of the best documents of information that we have seen. Print this document. It is about 22 pages long. TOPICS: What is Multiple System Atrophy? How are the Brain Cells damaged in MSA? What causes Multiple System Atrophy? Who gets MSA? ... Table-Differential Diagnosis in MSA and Pure Autonomic Failure Glossary: A B C D ... W What is M ultiple S ystem A trophy? Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease marked by a combination of symptoms affecting movement, blood pressure, and other body functions; hence the label "multiple system" atrophy. According to the American Autonomic Society, Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a sporadic, progressive, adult-onset disorder characterized by autonomic dysfunction, parkinsonism and ataxia (a failure of muscular coordination) in any combination. Broken down MSA stands for: M ultiple - many S ystem - brain structures that control different functions A trophy - cell shrinkage or damage This means that cells are damaged in different areas of the brain that control different body functions. The three areas affected are the basal ganglia, cerebellum and brain stem. These areas are responsible for movement, balance and automatic body functions like bladder control.

26. Treatment Of Multiple System Atrophy, Mayo Clinic In Jackosnville, Fla. Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Medical Services multiple system atrophy. Treatment of multiple system atrophy at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville. http://www.mayoclinic.org/multiplesystematrophy-jax/

Home About Mayo Clinic Contact Us Mayo Clinic Locations: Arizona Florida Minnesota Mayo Clinic ... Medical Services Multiple System Atrophy Multiple System Atrophy Treatment Appointments Clinical Trials Other Web Resources ... Medical Services Treatment of Multiple System Atrophy at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville (Synonyms: Shy-Drager syndrome) According to the American Autonomic Society, Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a sporadic, progressive, adult-onset disorder characterized by autonomic dysfunction, parkinsonism and ataxia (a failure of muscular coordination) in any combination. The features of the disorder include: Parkinsonism Cerebellar or corticospinal signs Orthostatic hypotension, impotence, urinary incontinence or retention, usually preceding or within two years after the onset of the motor symptoms Parkinsonian and cerebellar features commonly occur in combination. However, certain features may predominate. The condition is evaluated and treated in Mayo Clinic's Movement Disorders Program The term Shy-Drager syndrome, named after the two physicians who first described the neurologic symptoms, is still used to refer to Multiple System Atrophy. However, Shy-Drager more specifically describes an MSA whose symptoms involve a failure of the autonomic nervous system. Those symptoms include orthostatic hypotension, an abnormal drop in blood pressure when a person sits or stands that causes lightheadness and blackouts, as well as tiredness, blurred vision, lack of muscle coordination and pain in the back of the neck.

27. Appointments For Treatment Of Multiple System Atrophy, Mayo Clinic In Jacksonvil Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Medical Services multiple system atrophy. http://www.mayoclinic.org/multiplesystematrophy-jax/appointments.html

Home About Mayo Clinic Contact Us Mayo Clinic Locations: Arizona Florida Minnesota Mayo Clinic ... Medical Services Multiple System Atrophy Multiple System Atrophy Treatment Appointments Clinical Trials Other Web Resources ... Medical Services Appointments For appointments or more information, call: (904) 953-7233 Movement Disorders Program Between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. Eastern time, Monday through Friday. Fax: (904) 953-7233 Becoming a Patient For information on patient services at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville and transportation and lodging options, click here About Mayo Clinic Contact Mayo About This Site ... Home

28. Shy Drager Syndrome,MSA,Multiple System Atrophy,PAF With MSA,Progressive Autonom Shy Drager Syndrome,MSA,multiple system atrophy,PAF with MSA,Progressive Autonomic Failure with multiple system atrophy,SDS,Shy Drager Syndrome,MSA Multiple http://www.icomm.ca/geneinfo/shydrager.htm

Shy Drager Syndrome,MSA,Multiple System Atrophy,PAF with MSA,Progressive Autonomic Failure with Multiple System Atrophy,SDS,Shy Drager Syndrome,MSA Multiple System Atrophy,PAF with MSA,Progressive Autonomic Failure with Multiple System Atrophy,SDS For Information on Workshops and Seminars for Special Needs Children click here The GAPS INDEX to Information on the Internet about Genetic Disorders and Birth Defects Genetic Information and Patient Services, Inc. (GAPS) HOME DISORDERS GLOSSARY Shy-Drager Syndrome also known as: MSA Multiple System Atrophy with Postural Hypotension Multiple System Atrophy PAF with MSA Progressive Autonomic Failure with Multiple System Atrophy (as defined by the National Organization for Rare Disorders Shy-Drager syndrome, also known as multiple system atrophy, is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive failure of the autonomic nervous system, affecting movement, blood pressure regulation and other functions of the body. The autonomic nervous system is the branch of the nervous system that is responsible for a variety of vital involuntary body functions, such as heart rate, blood pressure, sweating, and bowel and bladder control. Symptoms of Shy-Drager syndrome include unusually low blood pressure upon standing (orthostatic hypotension), loss of bladder and bowel control, and lack of sweating (anhidrosis).

29. AllRefer Health - Multiple System Atrophy (Neurologic Orthostatic Hypotension, P multiple system atrophy (Neurologic Orthostatic Hypotension, Parkinson s Plus Syndrome, ShyDrager Syndrome, Shy-McGee-Drager Syndrome) information center http://health.allrefer.com/health/multiple-system-atrophy-info.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Multiple System Atrophy Multiple System Atrophy Definition Treatment Expectations or Prognosis Complications ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Neurologic Orthostatic Hypotension, Parkinson's Plus Syndrome, Shy-Drager Syndrome, Shy-McGee-Drager Syndrome Definition Multiple system atrophy is a degenerative disorder characterized by the following: Progressive damage to the autonomic nervous system (the portion of the nervous system that controls involuntary functions such as blood pressure, heart rate, digestion, and sexual function) Muscle tremor and rigidity Slow movement Central Nervous System Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare degenerative condition. Its symptoms are similar to those of

30. AllRefer Health - Central Nervous System - Multiple System Atrophy Pictures & Im Central Nervous System multiple system atrophy (Neurologic Orthostatic Hypotension, Parkinson s Plus Syndrome, Shy-Drager Syndrome, Shy-McGee-Drager Syndrome http://health.allrefer.com/health/multiple-system-atrophy-central-nervous-system

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Multiple System Atrophy : Central Nervous System Multiple System Atrophy Alternate Names : Neurologic Orthostatic Hypotension, Parkinson's Plus Syndrome, Shy-Drager Syndrome, Shy-McGee-Drager Syndrome Central Nervous System The central nervous system is comprised of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system includes all peripheral nerves. Other images that might be of interest to you Alcoholic Neuropathy Autonomic Nerves Brain Structures Copper Urine Test ... Vertebrae Jump to another section Definition Treatment Prognosis Complications ... Calling Your Health Care Provider Topics that might be of interest to you Dementia Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome Parkinson's Disease Seborrheic Dermatitis ... MRI of the Head Other Topics Blood Pressure - Low Confusion Depression Dizziness ... Main Page of Multiple System Atrophy From Our Sponsors: A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's

31. Multiple System Atrophy Browse entry words starting with A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z, Other characters, multiple system atrophy,. Print this article, http://www.amershamhealth.com/medcyclopaedia/medical/Volume VI 1/MULTIPLE SYSTEM

Amershamhealth.com Search for: Type a word or a phrase. All forms of the word are searchable. Browse entry words starting with: A B C D ... Other characters Multiple system atrophy, condition belonging to the group of neurodegenerative disorders with prevalent degeneration of the substantia nigra and related systems, and Parkinsonism. There are four main variants: striatonigral degeneration Shy Drager syndrome olivopontocerebellar atrophy ; and Parkinsonism and motor neurone diseases. GS The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging Volume VI:1 Contacts GE Healthcare Making Waves

32. Health Library - multiple system atrophy. multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare progressive neurological disorder characterized by a varying combination of symptoms. http://yalenewhavenhealth.org/library/healthguide/IllnessConditions/topic.asp?hw

33. Multiple System Atrophy multiple system atrophy Important It is possible that the main title of the report multiple system atrophy is not the name you expected. http://my.webmd.com/hw/health_guide_atoz/nord242.asp

var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Quizzes, Calculators Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map You are in Medical Library Choose a Topic Our Content Sources Ask A Question Clinical Trials Health Guide A-Z Health Topics Symptoms Medical Tests Medications ... For a Complete Report Multiple System Atrophy Important It is possible that the main title of the report Multiple System Atrophy is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report. Synonyms MSA Disorder Subdivisions Shy-Drager Syndrome (SDS) Sporadic Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy Progressive Autonomic Failure with Multiple System Atrophy Sporadic OPCA Striatonigral Degeneration (SND) General Discussion Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare progressive neurological disorder characterized by a varying combination of symptoms. Affected individuals may experience symptoms similar to those found in Parkinson’s disease (parkinsonism); cerebellar signs such as progressive impairment of the ability to coordinate voluntary movements (cerebellar ataxia); and impaired functioning of the portion of the nervous system (autonomic nervous system) that regulates certain involuntary body functions (autonomic failure) such as heart rate, blood pressure, sweating, and bowel and bladder control. The exact cause of multiple system atrophy is unknown.

34. Neurology -- Collected Resources : Multiple System Atrophy Institution Google Indexer Sign In as Individual. multiple system atrophy. Citations 110 of 17 total displayed. Most recent content (24 Feb 2004) http://www.neurology.org/cgi/collection/multiple_system_atrophy

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... SEARCH RESULT QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: Multiple system atrophy Citations 1-10 of 17 total displayed. Most recent content (24 Feb 2004): CLINICAL/SCIENTIFIC NOTES Field strengths and sequences influence putaminal MRI findings in multiple system atrophy H. Watanabe, H. Fukatsu, N. Hishikawa, Y. Hashizume, and G. Sobue Neurology 2004; 62: 671. [Full text] Past content (since Sep 2001): BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS C]( R )-PK11195 PET imaging of microglial activation in multiple system atrophy A. Gerhard, R. B. Banati, G. B. Goerres, A. Cagnin, R. Myers, R. N. Gunn, F. Turkheimer, C. D. Good, C. J. Mathias, N. Quinn, J. Schwarz, and D. J. Brooks Neurology 2003; 61: 686-689. [Abstract] [Full text] NEUROIMAGES Asymmetric anhidrosis in MSA Neurology 2003; 61: 231. [Full text] BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS Adverse effects of subthalamic nucleus DBS in a patient with multiple system atrophy Daniel Tarsy, Diana Apetauerova, Patricia Ryan, and Thorkild Norregaard Neurology 2003; 61: 247-249.

35. Neurology -- Collected Resources : Multiple System Atrophy multiple system atrophy. Abstract Full text. VIEWS REVIEWS Do published criteria improve clinical diagnostic accuracy in multiple system atrophy? http://www.neurology.org/cgi/collection/multiple_system_atrophy?page=2

36. Multiple System Atrophy - Medical Dictionary Definitions Of Popular Medical Term MedicineNet Home MedTerms medical dictionary AZ List multiple system atrophy. Advanced Search. http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=24303

37. Disease Directory : Neurological Disorders : Neurodegenerative Diseases : Multip Diseases Neurological Disorders Neurodegenerative Diseases multiple system atrophy. Shy Drager Syndrome / multiple system atrophy. http://www.diseasedirectory.net/Neurological_Disorders/Neurodegenerative_Disease

Wednesday, June 02, 2004 Neurological Disorders Neurodegenerative Diseases Alpers' Cockayne Syndrome ... Neurodegenerative Diseases : Multiple System Atrophy A Description of Shy-Drager Syndrome / Multiple System Atrophy - A History and Description of. Shy Drager Syndrome / Multiple System Atrophy. Why is this disease called Shy-Drager Syndrome? In 1960 Charmayne's Multiple System Atrophy/Shy-Drager Pages - General ... - Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), Shy-Drager (SDS), Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy (OPCA), Striatonigral Degeneration, ParkinsonPlus. Conditions and Diseases - Multiple System Atrophy Top Links - Multiple System Atrophy Web Site Links. Multiple System Atrophy - Articel by Timothy C. Hain, MD Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. Health Library - Multiple System Atrophy - Multiple System Atrophy. Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare progressive neurological disorder characterized by a varying combination of symptoms. MRI imaging of Multiple System Atrophy by E. Kraft - The Combination of Hypointense and Hyperintense Signal Changes on T2-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences: A Specific Marker of Multiple System Atrophy? Multiple System Atrophy - Articel by Timothy C. Hain, MD Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago.

38. NINDS Multiple System Atrophy With Orthostatic Hypotension Information Page multiple system atrophy with Orthostatic Hypotension information sheet compiled by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). http://www.ninds.nih.gov/health_and_medical/disorders/mult_sys_atrophy_doc.htm

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Accessible version Science for the Brain The nation's leading supporter of biomedical research on disorders of the brain and nervous system Browse all disorders Browse all health organizations More about Multiple System Atrophy with Orthostatic Hypotension Studies with patients Research literature Press releases Search NINDS... (help) Contact us My privacy NINDS is part of the National Institutes of Health NINDS Multiple System Atrophy with Orthostatic Hypotension Information Page Synonym(s): Shy-Drager Syndrome Reviewed 12-01-2003 Get Web page suited for printing Email this to a friend or colleague Table of Contents (click to jump to sections) What is Multiple System Atrophy with Orthostatic Hypotension? Is there any treatment? What is the prognosis? What research is being done? ... Organizations What is Multiple System Atrophy with Orthostatic Hypotension? Multiple system atrophy with orthostatic hypotension is the current classification for a neurological disorder that was once called Shy-Drager syndrome. A progressive disorder of the central and autonomic nervous systems, it is characterized by orthostatic hypotension (an excessive drop in blood pressure when standing up) which causes dizziness or fainting. Multiple system atrophy can occur without orthostatic hypotension, but it is rare. Doctors classify the disorder into 3 types: the Parkinsonian-type includes symptoms of Parkinson's disease such as slow movement, stiff muscles, and tremor; the

39. Neurological Disorders, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Multiple System Atrophy Submit Your Site to the multiple system atrophy category. Sponsored multiple system atrophy Sites. Submit Your Site to the multiple system atrophy category. http://www.iseekhealth.com/multiple_system_atrophy-2090.php

Home About Us Contact Submit Your Site Search : Home Health Conditions and Diseases Neurological Disorders ... Multiple System Atrophy More Multiple System Atrophy Categories: Submit Your Site to the Multiple System Atrophy category Sponsored Multiple System Atrophy Sites Epilepsy Book Store At WellnessBooks.com Comprehensive source to books on Epilepsy. Includes community boards and chat, book reviews and online ordering. Neurological Disorders Due To An Imbalance? Do you have a neurological disorder? This may be due to an imbalance. Check the balance of your system and get natural recommendations for restoring balance. EMSA-SG - Study group for Multiple System Atrophy. MRI imaging of Multiple System Atrophy by E. Kraft - The Combination of Hypointense and Hyperintense Signal Changes on T2-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences: A Specific Marker of Multiple System Atrophy? Multiple System Atrophy - A short article and a nice .pdf document on MSA by the department of neurology of Mount Sinai School of Medicine (MSSM). Multiple System Atrophy - Articel by Timothy C. Hain, MD Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago.

40. Multiple System Atrophy multiple system atrophy. 10. Further reading Gilman et al, J.Neurol.Sci, 1999, 1639498. EMSA-SG The European multiple system atrophy Study Group. http://perso.wanadoo.fr/alzheimer.lille/MSA.html

Alzheimer Brain dis eases Research ... untington Hallenvorden IBM L ewy BD MSA NPiD c Parkinson D Guadeloupe Parkinson Dementia  in Parkinson Pick ... Semantic  D SSP ToD Multiple system atrophy 1 . General outline Parkinsoninan-like mild cognitive impairment can be observed, but no dementia. 2) Synonyms: Shy-Drager syndrome, olivopontocerebellar atrophy, striatonigral degeneration 3 . Course : Orthostatic hypotension and symptoms of autonomic failure such as constipation, impotence in men, and urinary incontinence usually predominate early in the course of the disease. Constipation may be unrelenting and hard to manage. Shy-Drager syndrome may be difficult to diagnose in the early stages. For the majority of patients, blood pressure is low when the patients stand up and high when the patients lie down. Other symptoms that may develop include impaired speech, difficulties with breathing and swallowing, and inability to sweat. 3. CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS :

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