1. The Body: Microsporidiosis Information on treatment of microsporidiosis at The Body, the complete AIDS/HIV information resource. The Body The HIV/AIDS Authority. microsporidiosis, http://www.thebody.com/treat/micros.html

Microsporidiosis Albendazole Free from Buyers' Club (December 6, 1996) From AIDS Treatment News Albendazole Info Sheet (April, 1996) From the PWA Health Group

2. EMedicine - Microsporidiosis : Article By Valda M Chijide, MD Article by Valda M Chijide, MD. http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic1469.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Medicine, Ob/Gyn, Psychiatry, and Surgery Infectious Diseases Microsporidiosis Last Updated: March 17, 2004 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: microsporidia, parasite infection, parasitemia, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, E bieneusi, Encephalitozoon hellem, E hellem, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, E intestinalis, Septata intestinalis, S intestinalis, Encephalitozoon cuniculi, E cuniculi, Pleistophora, Trachipleistophora hominis, T hominis, Trachipleistophora anthropophthera, T anthropophthera, Nosema connori, N connori, Nosema ocularum, N ocularum, Brachiola vesicularum, B vesicularum, Vittaforma corneae, V corneae, Nosema corneum, N corneum, Microsporidium ceylonensis, M ceylonensis, Microsporidium africanum, M africanum, zoonosis, zoonotic infection

3. DPDx - Microsporidiosis Factsheet with causal agents, life cycle, geographic distribution, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment. http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Microsporidiosis.htm

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4. OI: Microsporidiosis -- ÆGIS Microsporidia includes several species of parasites that can cause problems for HIV+ microsporidiosis. This is part of a series on Opportunistic Infections AIDSline related articles. ATDN microsporidiosis Overview ( 1995) Being Alive Newsletter Parasitic Infections http://www.aegis.com/topics/oi/oi-microsporidiosis.html

Microsporidiosis This is part of a series on Opportunistic Infections ("OIs"). Please note that This Page Is Just A Starting Point: who specializes in treating HIV. Finding The Latest Information: Advances in treating opportunistic infections can happen at any time, so the material on this page may be outdated. Some links in the see also section at the bottom of this page are actually special database links. They may contain information published after this page was written. Classification parasite Description Microsporidia includes several species of parasites that can cause problems for HIV+ Enterocytozoon bieneusi found in the small intestine, and sometimes blamed for sinusitis. Some say this is a common cause of otherwise unexplained bile duct infections (cholangitis). Encephalitozoon hellem causes infections of the sinus and eyes. E. cuniculi causes infections of the sinus and eyes. Septata intestinalis causes infections of the sinus and eyes. Symptoms include diarrhea, weight loss. Treatment There is no standard treatment. Albendazole is commonly used.

5. Microsporidiosis An easyto-read guide for people living with HIV AIDS with lessons on important treatment issues, from AIDSmeds.com. drug being studied for the treatment of microsporidiosis is fumagillin, a drug once used to 12 HIV-positive patients with microsporidiosis, the six patients who received fumagillin http://www.aidsmeds.com/OIs/Micro4.htm

Join our confidential mailing list! Enter your email address: LESSONS COOL TOOLS DRUGS FORUMS ... HOME Microsporidiosis Are there any experimental treatments in development for microsporidiosis? One promising drug being studied for the treatment of microsporidiosis is fumagillin , a drug once used to treat malaria. In one small study involving 12 HIV-positive patients with microsporidiosis, the six patients who received fumagillin cleared the infection, whereas the six who received a placebo did not. Unfortunately, two patients who received fumagillin experienced a relapse of microsporidiosis within ten months after stopping treatment and three patients who received the drug had bone marrow side effects. More studies of fumagillin are expected for HIV-positive patients with microsporidiosis. If you would like to find out if you are eligible for any clinical trials involving new treatments for microsporidiosis, there is an interactive web site run by amfAR , the American Foundation for AIDS Research. Another useful service for finding clinical trials is

6. TAG: The OI Report - Microsporidiosis THE OI REPORT A Critical Review of the Treatment Prophylaxis of. AIDSRelated Opportunistic Infections (OIs) microsporidiosis. by Laura Morrison. MICROBIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY microsporidiosis http://www.aidsinfonyc.org/tag/comp/ois98/15.html

THE OI REPORT: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections (OIs) MICROSPORIDIOSIS by Laura Morrison Microsporidia are small protozoal parasites widely distributed in nature that cause disease in both animals and humans. There are more than 90 known genera of Microsporidia and close to 1000 known species (Manheimmer 1994). Only five genera of Microsporidia are known to occur in man: Encephalitozoon, Septata, Enterocytozoon, Pleistophera and Nosema. It is unclear how people become infected with Microsporidia, although it is speculated that the parasite is transmitted through oral ingestion of feces (e.g., rimming) bearing mature spores (Eeftinck Schattenkerk 1991). Microsporidiosis is mainly seen in those who are immunocompromised and emerged as a significant cause of disease in humans at the beginning of the AIDS epidemic (Canning 1990). There is no definitive data on the prevalence of microsporidiosis in people with AIDS (PWAs), partly because it is difficult to diagnose and also because it is usually not the first AIDS-defining illness seen in HIV-positive patients. Most available prevalence data focus on intestinal microsporidiosis, the most common microsporidial disease in PWAs, though infection of the eye and other organs may occur. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS The most common manifestation of intestinal microsporidiosis in PWAs is profuse, watery, non-bloody diarrhea, sometimes accompanied by abdominal pain and cramping, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Species of Microsporidia have been tied to disseminated disease, cholangitis (inflammation of the bile ducts), keratoconjunctivitis (inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva), hepatitis, peritonitis (inflammation of the membrane lining the abdomen and internal organs), and infection of the lungs, kidney, liver, muscles, and the brain. Presence of Microsporidia, however, does not always correlate with symptomatic disease.

7. Microsporidiosis - The Body: An AIDS And HIV Information Resource Powered by ExpertViewpoint. microsporidiosis. microsporidiosis in kidney transplant (Feb 11, 2000) microsporideosis (Dec 16, 1999). http://www.thebody.com/Forums/AIDS/Infections/Archive/Microsporidiosis/

Home Forum on Opportunistic Infections Answers to Questions by Category Microsporidiosis microsporidiosis in kidney transplant (Feb 11, 2000) microsporideosis (Dec 16, 1999) Please remember that this forum is designed for educational purposes only, and experts are not engaged in rendering medical advice or professional services. Information they provide is general only, and should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or a disease. This information is not a substitute for professional care. If you have or suspect you may have a health problem, you should consult your health care provider. Experts appearing on this page are independent. They are solely responsible for editing and fact-checking their material. Neither The Body nor any sponsor is the publisher or speaker of their material.

8. Microsporidiosis - Molecular Diagnosis Last Modified . Encephalitozoon cuniculi Encephalitozoon hellem Encephalitozoon intestinalis (syn. Septata intestinalis) Enterocytozoon http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Frames/M-R/Microsporidiosis/body_Microsporidios

[Last Modified: [Encephalitozoon cuniculi] [Encephalitozoon hellem] [Encephalitozoon intestinalis ( syn. Septata intestinalis)] [Enterocytozoon bieneusi] [Nosema spp. ] [Pleistophora sp. [Trachipleistophora hominis] [Vittaforma corneae ( syn. Nosema corneum)] Molecular methods The genus Encephalitozoon contains three species related to human infections: E. hellem E. cuniculi , and E. intestinalis (syn. Septata intestinalis ). The differentiation between E. hellem and E. cuniculi cannot be achieved by morphological analysis either using light or electron microscopy. Two additional microsporidian species found in humans ( Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Vittaforma corneae [syn. Nosema corneum ]) can be identified by experienced microscopists only. Thus, molecular diagnosis with species-specific PCR primers is commonly believed to be the gold standard for identification of microsporidian species. Our PCR methods do not cross-amplify about 20 other microsporidian species tested at the CDC laboratory. A A: Agarose gel (2%) showing the diagnostic bands for species-specific PCR diagnostic primers designed for microsporidia that infect humans.

9. Microsporidiosis - HIV: Health And Medical Information About HIV And AIDS medical information about HIV 100% Doctor produced written to inform and explain the latest therapies with HIV Next page. microsporidiosis. What is microsporidiosis? How are microsporidia transmitted What is microsporidiosis? microsporidiosis is a disease that is due to infection with http://www.medicinenet.com/Microsporidiosis/article.htm

MedicineNet Home HIV Home > Microsporidiosis Advanced Search Printer-Friendly Format Add to Favorites Email to a Friend ... Next page Microsporidiosis What is microsporidiosis? How are microsporidia transmitted? What conditions does infection with microsporidia cause? How is microsporidiosis diagnosed? ... Microsporidiosis At A Glance What is microsporidiosis? Microsporidiosis is a disease that is due to infection with microscopic organisms called microsporidia. These are small simple single-celled (protozoan) parasites that form spores. These parasites must live within other cells and are found in the intestine, liver, kidney, cornea, brain, nerves, and muscles. These spores spread to other cells or are eliminated in the stool or urine. Microsporidia have not been studied very thoroughly as agents of disease, partly because they are quite small. They are difficult to diagnose without the aid of an electron microscope, a piece of equipment that is not in a routine diagnostic microbiology laboratory. A number of animals, including insects, birds, and mammals, can serve as reservoirs of infection for microsporidia. How are microsporidia transmitted?

10. (ATDN) Microsporidiosis (ATDN) microsporidiosis Treatment Review 18; April 1995 microsporidiosis is an intestinal infection that people with AIDS can get. http://www.aegis.com/pubs/atdn/1995/atr01811.html

ATDN) Microsporidiosis Treatment Review #18; April 1995 Microsporidiosis is an intestinal infection that people with AIDS can get. The infection usually causes diarrhea. A trial is studying albendazole for the treatment of microsporidiosis . To participate in this study you must be HIV+, 18 years or older, and have biopsy-proven microsporidiosis within 90 days of study entry. You must have a history of an average of 3 liquid bowel movements per day for 4 weeks prior to study entry and, if taking antidiarrheal medication, be on a stable regimen for at least 7 days before study entry. You must be on a stable regimen of any other medication for 2 weeks before study entry. Pregnant women and nursing mothers are not allowed. You cannot have taken any potential antiprotozoal drugs such as mebendazole or metronidazole within 1 week of study entry or taken albendazole within 1 month of study entry. Participants will be divided into two groups. One group will be treated with albendazole. The other group will be treated with placebo. Neither the doctor nor the participant will know which treatment is being given. After the 28 day double-blind period, all participants will receive open-label albendazole for 62 days. If you become hospitalized or have to remain in the hospital due to worsening diarrhea during the first 14 days of the study, you will be given open- label treatment. Treatment is for 3 months. Call The Network at (800) 734-7104 for more information. Albendazole is also available through a compassionate use program for the treatment of microsporidiosis. Doctors should call (800) 355-8900 x 3909. They will be given a number to call at the

11. Microsporidiosis - HIV: Health And Medical Information About HIV And AIDS What is microsporidiosis? microsporidiosis is a disease that is due to infection with microscopic organisms called microsporidia. microsporidiosis At A Glance. http://www.medicinenet.com/microsporidiosis/article.htm

MedicineNet Home HIV Home > Microsporidiosis Advanced Search Printer-Friendly Format Add to Favorites Email to a Friend ... Next page Microsporidiosis What is microsporidiosis? How are microsporidia transmitted? What conditions does infection with microsporidia cause? How is microsporidiosis diagnosed? ... Microsporidiosis At A Glance What is microsporidiosis? Microsporidiosis is a disease that is due to infection with microscopic organisms called microsporidia. These are small simple single-celled (protozoan) parasites that form spores. These parasites must live within other cells and are found in the intestine, liver, kidney, cornea, brain, nerves, and muscles. These spores spread to other cells or are eliminated in the stool or urine. Microsporidia have not been studied very thoroughly as agents of disease, partly because they are quite small. They are difficult to diagnose without the aid of an electron microscope, a piece of equipment that is not in a routine diagnostic microbiology laboratory. A number of animals, including insects, birds, and mammals, can serve as reservoirs of infection for microsporidia. How are microsporidia transmitted?

12. NEJM -- Fumagillin Treatment Of Intestinal Microsporidiosis Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine Fumagillin Treatment of Intestinal microsporidiosis Fumagillin Treatment of Intestinal microsporidiosis. JeanMichel Molina, M.D http://www.nejm.org/cgi/content/abstract/346/25/1963

HOME SEARCH CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... HELP Please sign in for full text and personal services Previous Volume 346:1963-1969 June 20, 2002 Number 25 Next Fumagillin Treatment of Intestinal Microsporidiosis Full Text PDF PDA Full Text Letters ... Chapters at Harrison's ABSTRACT Background Intestinal microsporidiosis due to Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a cause of chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, and wasting in immunocompromised patients. Currently, there is no effective treatment. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of fumagillin (60 mg per day orally for two weeks) in patients with chronic E. bieneusi infection. Efficacy was assessed primarily by the clearance of microsporidia, as evidenced by analysis of stool specimens. Patients in whom microsporidia were not cleared received treatment for two weeks with open-label fumagillin. After clearance of the parasite, follow-up stool examinations were performed monthly to detect relapses. Results Twelve patients were enrolled in this study, 10 with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and 2 who had received organ transplants. Clearance of microsporidia occurred in all

13. Microsporidiosis microsporidiosis. What is it? microsporidiosis is a disease caused by any one of several microsporidia organisms, mainly Enterocytozoon bieneusi. http://www.aidsmeds.com/OIs/Micro1.htm

Join our confidential mailing list! Enter your email address: LESSONS COOL TOOLS DRUGS FORUMS ... HOME Microsporidiosis What is it? Microsporidiosis is a disease caused by any one of several microsporidia organisms, mainly Enterocytozoon bieneusi . The organism infects the lining of the small intestine and can cause severe diarrhea and malabsorption (an inability to absorb nutrients). Some microsporidia organisms can also cause sinus, eye, and kidney problems. There have also been reports of microsporidiosis of the lungs. It is not at all clear how people become infected with microsporidia. It is often found in feces of humans and animals and can be spread via feces-contaminated food and, quite possible, oral-anal sex ("rimming"). T-cell Microsporidiosis Index What is it? What are the symptoms, and how is it diagnosed? How is it treated or prevented? Are there any experimental treatments? Printable version of this lesson Search for news stories about this topic Last Revised: 3/4/02 Please find profiles of this writing team on our "

14. Microsporidiosis - Information / Diagnosis / Treatment / Prevention home infectious diseases parasitic microsporidiosis microsporidiosis. Information • Diagnosis • Treatment • Prevention. http://www.healthcyclopedia.com/infectious-diseases/parasitic/microsporidiosis.h

Home Health cyclopedia All Topics by Category The Good Health Search Engine Health Conditions A-Z Gurus ... parasitic > microsporidiosis Microsporidiosis Information / Diagnosis / Treatment / Prevention External links (marked with an arrow ) open in a new window. This site is a web directory and does not offer medical advice. We cannot take responsibility for information found on listed sites. This Page Related Topics Medical Definition Health News Web Directory: Related Topics: Food and Water Borne Medical Definition: University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Medical Dictionary: "microsporidiosis" Health News: Search millions of published articles for news on Microsporidiosis Modern Medicine Aging The Ardell Wellness Report HealthFacts Medical Post Medical Update Men's Health and the National Women's Health Report Note: Subscription required to access the full text of articles. Web Directory: CDC DPDx - Microsporidiosis Factsheet with causal agents, life cycle, geographic distribution, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment. eMedicine - Microsporidiosis : Article by Valda M Chijide, MD. Microsporidiosis Information resources from The Body on this opportunitistic infection.

15. Disease Directory : Infectious Diseases : Parasitic : Microsporidiosis 614W. Treatment of Intestinal microsporidiosis due to i - 614-W. Treatment of Intestinal microsporidiosis due to Enterocytozoon bieneusi by Oral http://www.diseasedirectory.net/Infectious_Diseases/Parasitic/Microsporidiosis/d

Wednesday, June 02, 2004 Infectious Diseases Parasitic African Trypanosomiasis Babesiosis ... Parasitic : Microsporidiosis - 614-W. Treatment of Intestinal Microsporidiosis due to Enterocytozoon bieneusi by Oral Fumagillin: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial (ANRS 090 Bolet chileno de parasitolog - Generalized microsporidiosis ... - Microsporidiosis generalizada por Encephalitozoon sp. en Abstract. Generalized microsporidiosis caused by Encephalitozoon sp. in Cryptosporidiosis - This pamphlet was prepared by the inter-agency Working Group on Waterborne Cryptosporidiosis, and describes various methods of protection from the one-celled parasite, Cryptosporidium parvum. Geometry.Net - Health_Conditions: Microsporidiosis - Microsporidiosis: more detail. The http://www.thebody.com/treat/micros.html. OI: Microsporidiosis †GIS microsporidiosis. This Malaria Drug Fumagillin Is Effective Against AIDS-Related ... - Malaria Drug Fumagillin Is Effective Against AIDS-Related Microsporidiosis Fumagillin, a drug once used to treat malaria, is an effective treatment for MedWebPlus: Subject: Protozoan Infections: Microsporidiosis - GO. AIDS Knowledge Base Microsporidiosis. GO. Ask NOAH About: AIDS: Gay Men's Health Crisis: Cryptosporidiosis and Microsporidiosis. GO.

16. Disease Directory : Microsporidiosis Submit Your Site to the microsporidiosis category. Sponsored microsporidiosis Sites....... Directory Listing. Title microsporidiosis http://www.diseasedirectory.net/detailed/28369.aspx

Wednesday, June 02, 2004 Infectious Diseases Parasitic African Trypanosomiasis Babesiosis ... Microsporidiosis : Microsporidiosis Directory Listing Title: Microsporidiosis Description: Submit Your Site to the Microsporidiosis category. Sponsored Microsporidiosis Sites. Submit Your Site to the Microsporidiosis category. Featured Partner. Date Added: 2/18/2004 9:51:16 AM URL: http://www.iseekhealth.com/microsporidiosis-1794.php

17. Microsporidiosis Medical Advocates for Social Justice microsporidiosis. Oldfield EC 3rd. Rev Gastroenterol Disord 2002 Autumn;2(4)176188 Abstract Human microsporidiosis. http://www.medadvocates.org/diseases/opportunistic/microsporidiosis/main.html

Medical Advocates for Social Justice Microsporidiosis Main Page New/Noteworthy Guidelines General Reports Pediatric ... Home Page Last Update: April 03, 2004 Documents identified with this icon are in Portable Document Format (PDF) and require the Adobe Acrobat Reader 5 and may take a few minutes to download. New and Noteworthy October 2003 August 2003 July 2003 October 2003 Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in a HIV-seronegative patient treated with debridement and oral itraconazole. Sridhar MS, Sharma S. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003 Oct;136(4):745-6 August 2003 Disseminated microspiridiosis (Encephalitozoon intestinalis) in a patient with HIV infection Lippert U, Schottelius J, Manegold C. et al D tsch Med Wochenschr . 2003 Aug 22;128(34-35):1769-72 July Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in healthy individuals: a case series. Chan CM, Theng JT, Li L, Tan DT Ophthalmology . 2003 Jul;110(7):1420-5 General Reports Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

18. Pediatric Microsporidiosis microsporidiosis in HIVpositive children in Madrid (Spain). Asymptomatic intestinal microsporidiosis in Thai orphans and child-care workers. http://www.medadvocates.org/marg/children/disease/microsporidiosis.htm

Medical Advocates for Social Justice Pediatric Internet Resource Center Microsporidiosis National Studies Link to Microsporidiosis Web Pediatric OI Main Page ... Home Page Last Update: April 09, 2004 Documents identified with this icon are in Portable Document Format (PDF) and require the Adobe Acrobat Reader 5 Some of these documents may take a few minutes to download. National Studies Spain Thailand Spain Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries Microsporidiosis in HIV-positive children in Madrid (Spain). Del Aguila C, Navajas R, Gurbindo D, et al. J Eukaryot Microbiol 1997 Nov-Dec;44(6):84S-85S Abstract Thailand Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries Asymptomatic intestinal microsporidiosis in Thai orphans and child-care workers. Mungthin M, Suwannasaeng R, Naaglor T, et al. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2001 May-Jun;95(3):304-6 Abstract Intestinal microsporidiosis in HIV-infected children with acute and chronic diarrhea. Leelayoova S, Vithayasai N, Watanaveeradej, et a l.

19. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Infectious_Disease News about microsporidiosis More news about microsporidiosis . Books about microsporidiosis 1. Books The Microsporidia and http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Infectious_

Match: sort by: relevance date Free Services Subscribe by email RSS newsfeeds PDA-friendly format loc="/images/" A A A Find Jobs In: Healthcare Engineering Accounting College Contract / Freelance Customer Service Diversity Engineering Executive Healthcare Hospitality Human Resources Information Tech International Manufacturing Nonprofit Retail All Jobs by Job Type All Jobs by Industry Relocating? Visit: Moving Resources Moving Companies Mortgage Information Mortgage Calculator Real Estate Lookup Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Parasitic Microsporidiosis (1 links) News about Microsporidiosis [ More news about Microsporidiosis Books about Microsporidiosis Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. The Microsporidia and Microsporidiosis by: Murray Wittner Louis M. Weiss March, 1999 Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. Cryptosporidiosis and Microsporidiosis by: Franz Petry July, 2000 Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. Opportunistic Infections: Toxoplasma, Sarcocystis, and Microsporidia (World Class Parasites, 9) by: David S. Lindsay

20. MICROSPORIDIOSIS humans. microsporidiosis causes chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, and wasting in immunocompromised people.......microsporidiosis. http://web.amfar.org/treatment/SubCategory/ID21.ASP

MICROSPORIDIOSIS Description: Microsporidia are protozoan parasites that live in cells. Of the more than 1,000 species, 12 infect humans. Microsporidiosis causes chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, and wasting in immunocompromised people. Pathogen: The most common microsporidia in people with HIV are Enterocytozoon bieneusi , followed by Encephalitozoon intestinalis . Physicians have also isolated Encephalitozoon hellem and cuniculi from this group. Sites of infection: E. bieneusi primarily infects the small intestine and biliary tract. Encephalitozoon species usually disseminate to secondary sites such as the kidneys, sinuses, cornea, and bronchial epithelium. E. hellem and E. cuniculi have been associated with keratoconjunctivitis, bronchiolitis, sinusitis, nephritis, urethritis, prostatitis, hepatitis, and peritonitis. Symptoms: Chronic diarrhea, abdominal cramping, nausea, weight loss, and malabsorption. Diagnosis: By detection of microsporidian organisms in the stool or urine. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a sensitive diagnostic tool, but its effectiveness in comparison with direct microscopic examination is uncertain. In poor countries, an immunofluorescent-antibody test (IFAT) may be as accurate as PCR. A study in Mali evaluating the IFAT using monoclonal probes specific for

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