101. Mad Cow Disease-Key Text Key text mad cow disease – a human problem? Published by Printerfriendly version of complete topic. Symptoms and pathology of mad cow disease. http://www.science.org.au/nova/003/003key.htm

Key text Published by Australian Academy of Science Sponsored by The possibility that a form of mad cow disease can be transmitted to humans has sparked a worldwide scare about eating beef. You will get more from this topic if you have mastered the basics of DNA and genes Printer-friendly version of complete topic Symptoms and pathology of mad cow disease The first diagnosis was in 1986 BSE was first diagnosed in Britain in 1986. It is very similar to scrapie, a well-known disease in sheep that has been recorded for more than 100 years. Scrapie is also a spongiform encephalopathy and is nearly always fatal. Why did mad cow disease suddenly appear? Mad cow disease started in Britain after cattle were fed a protein In 1957, D. Carleton Gajdusek (United States National Institutes of Health) and Vincent Zigas (Australian Public Health Service) described a strange disease among the Fore highlanders of Papua New Guinea. Victims of the condition showed a gradual loss of coordination, and then a sort of premature dementia and an early death. Smart scientific detective work showed that the disease, called kuru, was caused by something that was passed on during ritual cannibalism, when the brains of recently deceased people were eaten. This work involved inoculating chimpanzees with material from the brains of people who had died of kuru. (In 1976, Dr Gajdusek and Dr Baruch Blumberg shared the Nobel prize. Gajdusek for his work on kuru, Blumberg for his work on the hepatitis B virus.)

102. Freezerbox: Mad Cow Disease: The Chemical Industry Plays Dirty Forget farm feed made from animal remains, Dr. Paul Kail explores the possible link between pesticides and mad cow disease. http://www.freezerbox.com/archive/2001/01/bse/

Article Archive Criticism Kulture Power Sci-Tech Information Mission Advertising Submissions Site News ... Staff Services Affiliates Alerts Mobile Newsletter ... Syndication Support Contact Help Search Submit an article to Freezerbox Magazine... Mad Cow Disease: The Chemical Industry Plays Dirty BY DR. PAUL KAIL BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy), or Mad Cow Disease, and its human form, nvCJD (New Variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease), are incurable brain disorders. Holes appear in victims' brains, then they become demented and die. The diseases are not caused by a virus or a bacterium, but by a mysterious type of twisted protein, known as a "prion". The prion can propagate itself by causing other proteins to twist into the same shape. Prions can be passed on by eating the flesh of another animal, and are resistant to cooking and digestion. A theory about how prions are formed suggests that organophosphate pesticides could be partly to blame. Two people have already died defending this theory, apparently at the hands of professional assassins working either for the British government or the chemical industry. So the theory needs to be taken seriously. BSE first appeared in the UK in 1985. Since then, the disease has affected half of the cow herds in the country. New Variant CJD also first appeared in the UK, ten years later: to date, around 90 people have died from it. Both BSE and CDJ are beginning to spread throughout the rest of Europe; today, 30 European countries have had exports of their cattle banned. The diseases have the potential to destroy the entire European cattle industry, and kill thousands of people. The death toll from nvCJD is increasing by 35% per year, and the disease has a gestation period of twenty years. Some projections suggest that hundreds of thousands of people could eventually die from it.

103. CNN.com - Report: Mad Cow Disease Still Threatens U.S. - February 27, 2002 CNN http://cnn.com/2002/HEALTH/conditions/02/26/gao.mad.cow/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 Report: Mad cow disease still threatens U.S. Fears of mad cow disease originated in Great Britain. From Jeanne Meserve CNN Washington Bureau WASHINGTON (CNN) The federal government is not doing enough to ensure that mad cow disease is kept out of the United States, a report from the General Accounting Office said Tuesday. The Department of Agriculture called the report flawed. If infected animals and products did enter the country, the report said, steps now being taken by the federal government might not detect it or keep it from spreading. It took the Agriculture Department to task for failing to test many high-risk animals that die on farms, and cited weaknesses in USDA and Food and Drug Administration import controls. According to the report, FDA record-keeping is so flawed that the agency does not know to what extent industry is complying with the ban on using prohibited proteins in feed and has yet to identify and inspect all firms subject to the ban. Some non-compliant firms have not been re-inspected for two or more years, and in some instances no enforcement action was taken even though the firms had failed multiple inspections, the report said.

104. Hardin MD : Mad Cow Disease / BSE / CJD From the University of Iowa, the *best* lists of Internet sources in mad cow disease, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), prions, CJD. http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/bse.html

Mad Cow Disease / BSE / CJD "We list the best sites that list the sites" Site Map Diseases Home Free Articles in PubMed Search Hardin MD See also: Home Neurology Infect. Disease Nutrition All links on this page hand-checked Popular Women's Health Dermatology Nursing Pharm Infect Disease Brain Pictures Infectious Diseases +Pictures Medical Pictures Nervous System +Pictures Nutrition Mad Cow Disease Pictures Mad Cow Disease Symptoms Google news : Mad cow disease Creutzfeldt Jakob disease Open Directory Project Health : ... : Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (Other versions: Google AOL Science : Food science : ... Consumer concerns : : ... : BSE (Other versions: Google AOL Health : Animal : ... : Spongiform encephalopathy : Bovine (Other versions: Google National center for infectious diseases, US Center for Disease Control (CDC) LookSmart : Mad cow disease or BSE MEDLINE plus Creutzfeldt - Jakob Disease National Library of Medicine Karolinska : Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome Medical Library, Karolinska Institute, Sweden OMNI : Creutzfeldt - Jakob Syndrome Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform

105. APHIS | Hot Issues Government Web site offers general mad cow disease information, news and situation updates and includes a Canada BSE section. http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/issues/bse/bse.html

APHIS Services Find Traveler's Information Search Regulations Find Permit Application Information Download permit forms Apply Online for Import Authorization View Status of Biotech Applications Apply to Import, Move or Field Test Genetically Engineered Organisms Register Select Agents Animals Plants Locate Missing Pets Apply for AWA Licenses/Registration Find Vet Accreditation Information Locate Wildlife Damage Resources Report a Pest or Disease View Small Business Information Email Us Privacy Statement EEO Statement USDA ... Return to Home Page Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) Updated June 2, 2004 Current BSE Situation Transcript of Technical Briefing with Bill Hawks, Under Secretary for Marketing and Regulatory Services, Dr.Elsa Murano, Under Secretary for Food Safety, Dr. Ron DeHaven, Administration, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Dr. Barbara Masters, Acting Administrator, Food Safety Inspection Service Washington D.C. - May 21, 2004 United States and Japan To Hold First BSE Technical Working Group Meeting USDA Certifies Five New Laboratories for BSE Sample Analysis Revisions to Importations of Edible Bovine Meat and Bovine Meat Products ( PDF Low Risk Canadian Products ( PDF USDA Certifies Seven Laboratories for BSE Sample Analysis USDA Provides Updates to Foreign Chief Veterinary Officers on BSE Actions Letter ... Q and A for Rapid BSE Test Go to

106. REDFLAGSDAILY.COM - Mad Cow Disease A major goal in presenting this online conference on mad cow disease with the help of our sponsor, CHRONIX BIOMEDICAL, is to stimulate broad discussion of http://www.redflagsweekly.com/conferences/mad_cow/

//var DOCUMENTGROUP=''; //var DOCUMENTNAME=''; //var ACTION=''; Home Online Conference Center email to a friend WELCOME FROM RFD A major goal in presenting this online conference on MAD COW DISEASE with the help of our sponsor, CHRONIX BIOMEDICAL is to stimulate broad discussion of issues that are vital to public health At a time when large media organizations control much of the flow of daily health and scientific news, it is becoming more important to find new avenues of information distribution that are free of corporate influence and control. CHRONIX BIOMEDICAL on MAD COW DISEASE There will be invited presentations but participation will also be open to everyone. This includes the presentation of articles or commentaries and responses to all presentations. All presentations and responses will be edited by RFD, and, if necessary, participants will be asked to revise their presentations to meet editorial standards. All RFD ONLINE CONFERENCES ARE SCHEDULED FOR AT LEAST TWO MONTHS, SO THERE IS PLENTY OF TIME TO PARTICIPATE.

107. CNN.com - Woman First To Die In Italy Of Mad Cow Disease - Aug. 6, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/WORLD/europe/08/06/mad.cow/index.html

The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-Mail Services CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Woman first to die in Italy of mad cow disease Story Tools RELATED Fear, mystery of cross-species killer HEALTH LIBRARY Health Library THE HUMAN LINK Mad cow disease was first reported in the United Kingdom in 1986, peaking in 1993 with almost 1,000 new cases per week. In 1996, variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD) was detected in humans and linked to the mad cow epidemic. Eating contaminated meat and cattle products is presumed to be the cause. Both are fatal brain diseases with unusually long incubation periods, often lasting years. To date, no case of mad cow disease has been identified in the United States. As of April 2, 2002, a total of 125 cases of vCJD had been reported in the world: 117 from the United Kingdom, six from France, and one each from Ireland and Italy. Source: CDC ROME, Italy (CNN) A 27-year-old woman died Wednesday of the human form of mad cow disease, marking the first Italian death blamed on the illness that has claimed more than 100 lives in other parts of Europe. Dr. Enrica Alessi, spokeswoman for the Besta Hospital in Milan, Italy, said the woman had been sick for a year and a half, and the illness may have incubated in her body for years.

108. The Environmental Literacy Council - Mad Cow Disease mad cow disease. Three days before Christmas 2003, tests What kind of infection is mad cow disease? Most scientists now believe that the http://www.enviroliteracy.org/subcategory.php/153.html

Home About ELC Site Map Contact Us ... Food Mad Cow Disease Three days before Christmas 2003, tests revealed that an American cow, slaughtered in Washington State two weeks earlier, was infected with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), more popularly known as mad cow disease. For the U.S. cattle industry, this was bad news. The 1986 discovery of BSE in the U.K. cattle herd led countries around the world to ban imports of British beef, which had serious economic consequences for the British beef industry. As U.S. farmers braced for a similar blow, several countries announced bans on American beef. BSE is a brain disease in cows that was first recognized in Great Britain in 1986. BSE is one of several transmissible spongiform encepholopathies (TSE) . TSE diseases leave the brains they infect riddled with holes, creating a sponge-like texture (hence the term "Spongiform"). Among other animal TSEs, the one most familiar to farmers is scrapie , which has long been known to infect sheep (it was called "scrapie" because infected sheep would scrape themselves against trees and other objects, to relieve the itching sensation caused by the disease). Scientists believe that transmission of BSE to humans has resulted in approximately 145 deaths in Great Britain since the beginning of the mad cow outbreak. It appears that brain infections similar to BSE and scrapie occur in many different species of animals, from humans to minks. Among human TSE diseases, the first recognized was

109. BNA's Web Watch - BSE/Mad Cow Disease Provides links and news on mad cow disease from national and international governments and organizations. http://www.bna.com/webwatch/madcow.htm

This week's topic: Stock Option Expensing 527 Political Organizations Agriculture Outlook ... Yucca Mountain Bovine Spongiform Encephelopathy - Mad Cow Disease BNA's Web Watch is prepared by Laura Gordon-Murnane . E-mail suggestions for future weekly topics always welcome. January 2004 Federal Government General Accounting Office Testimony Before the Committee on Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate For Release on Wednesday November 19, 2003 BIOTERRORISM A Threat to Agriculture and the Food Supply Statement for the Record by Lawrence J. Dyckman, Director Natural Resources and Environment Mad Cow Disease: Improvements in the Animal Feed Ban and Other Regulatory Areas Would Strengthen U.S. Prevention Efforts GAO-02-183 (January 2002) USDA BSE Information and Resources USDA - The Animal and Plant Health inspection Service (APHIS) BSE Information USDA Actions to Prevent Bovine Spongiform Encephelopathy Food Safety And Inspection Service (FSIS) Current Thinking On Measures That Could Be Implemented To Minimize Human Exposure To Materials That Could Potentially Contain the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Agent Analysis of 2002 FSIS Bovine AMR Products Survey Results Food Safety and Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture (February 2003)

110. Mad Cow Disease (BSE) mad cow disease (BSE). Daily News by Countries. Other Link. Graphs of statistics per country. OTHER USEFUL LINKS. World organisation for animal health. http://www.mhr-viandes.com/en/docu/docu/d9000026.htm

# 185- Aug 2003 Folders by Topics Beef Mad Cow Disease (BSE) D aily News by Countries Other Link Graphs of statistics per country OTHER USEFUL LINKS World organisation for animal health. DEFRA, UK Government CJD, BSE, nvCJD Information Resource from US National Cattlemen’s Beef Association Internal Links : Vcjd / BSE Human Form BSE Documents (BSE archives 2000) (BSE archives 2001-2002) BSE NEWS 2003 The Twentieth case confirmed in 2003 in Italy (AGI, Aug 27, 2003) The BSE Reference Centre in Turin has confirmed that an eight year-old cow has tested positive for the virus. The animal comes from a farm in Treviso... Canada eyes new mad-cow tests (Globe News, July 18, 2003) Canada is eyeing a tough new regime of testing for mad-cow disease that could see spot checks in slaughterhouses across the country before year's end and specific deadlines set for gauging whether an animal has been infected with bovine spongiform encephalopathy. A senior U.S. politician said this... Italy :MAD COW: 1,479,034 ANALYSES CARRIED OUT, 97 CASES (AGI, May 13, 2003) Rome, Italy, May 12 - 265,321 anti-mad cow tests have been carried out since the beginning of the year. So far, 1,479,034 tests have been done in Italy to verify the presence of the so-called...

111. CNN.com - First Apparent U.S. Case Of Mad Cow Disease Discovered - Dec. 24, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/US/12/23/mad.cow/index.html

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Services CNNtoGO Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com First apparent U.S. case of mad cow disease discovered Japan, other nations ban import of U.S. beef Mad cow disease causes severe nervous system deterioration and has been linked to a similar disease in humans. Story Tools VIDEO CNN's Christy Feig reports on the first apparent case of mad cow disease in the United States. PLAY VIDEO U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Ann M. Veneman confirms the mad cow case. PLAY VIDEO RELATED The outbreak in Europe Canada nears end of mad cow probe THE HUMAN LINK Source: CDC YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Diseases Agriculture Food Washington or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? WASHINGTON (CNN) The first apparent case of mad cow disease in the United States has been discovered, the U.S. Department of Agriculture said Tuesday. Two tests have been carried out on meat from the cow, enabling Agriculture Secretary Ann Veneman to call the case a "presumptive positive." A sample is being flown to England for a third test to confirm the case. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, or BSE, is linked to a similar form of the incurable and fatal brain-wasting disease in humans, called variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, or vCJD. There have been a small number of cases of vCJD reported worldwide, primarily in the United Kingdom, in people who ate BSE-contaminated meat.

112. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (Mad Cow Disease) This section contains information on Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease. Department of Agriculture http://www.affa.gov.au/content/output.cfm?ObjectID=89CBAD6E-27E0-4962-9C5BB5D3A4

113. Mad Cow Disease Provides a general question and answer section, scientific glossary and the latest news on mad cow disease. http://www.consumerfreedom.com/madcowFAQ.cfm

Promoting Personal Responsibility and Protecting Consumer Choice Search Home Ad Campaigns Cartoons Games Daily Update Archive Email Subscription About Us Press Center Contact Us Link To Us Op-Eds Please Help Us Activist Cash Animal Scam CSPI Scam You've got questions. We've got answers. We consulted with university scientists, farmers, government agencies, and other experts to answer the questions most frequently asked of us by American consumers. As the mad-cow hype thickens, we'll be expanding this resource so check back often. Now that a single U.S. cow has tested positive for mad cow disease, is eating beef risky? What do scientific experts say? What are the chances that I can get mad cow disease if I eat beef from an infected cow? If there’s no risk of getting sick, why was so much ground beef recalled? ... Is the risk of mad-cow infection any less if I cook my beef thoroughly? Now that a single U.S. cow has tested positive for mad cow disease, is eating beef risky? The short answer is “no.” The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) says that “beef is absolutely safe to eat.” Nearly every reputable expert on the subject agrees that there’s no added risk from eating steaks, hamburgers, or any other beef product.

114. PCRM--Health--Mad Cow Disease: The Risk To The U.S. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, also known as mad cow disease) has surfaced in Great Britain, France, Switzerland, Canada, and other countries. http://www.pcrm.org/health/Preventive_Medicine/mad_cow_disease.html

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, also known as mad cow disease) has surfaced in Great Britain, France, Switzerland, Canada, and other countries. Health authorities consider it to be the most likely cause of a new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a fatal brain disease that recently killed several young people in Britain. Americans are concerned as to whether BSE may present a health threat in the U.S. Today, we present a review of scientific evidence that supports three conclusions, showing that, indeed, that concern is wholly justified: The conditions that led to the emergence of BSE in Britain are present in the U.S. Current U.S. livestock rendering and feeding practices are similar to those present in Britain at the onset of the BSE epidemic. Evidence suggests that the agent that causes BSE has already spread to at least some animals in the U.S. Between 1979 and 1990, 2,614 Americans died of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and the possibility that BSE played a role in some of those deaths cannot be ruled out. Brain Disease in Cows Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is a fatal central nervous system disease first identified in the U.K. in 1986. Affected cows show increased apprehension, poor coordination, difficulties in walking, and weight loss. The infections that cause BSE apparently existed for several years before the disease was recognized.

115. CNN.com - Brazil, Eyeing Exports, Says Herds Free Of Mad Cow Disease - December CNN http://cnn.com/2000/WORLD/americas/12/06/madcow.brazil.reut/index.html

world americas Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web WORLD TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Gates pledges $100 million for AIDS Davos protesters face tear gas ... MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters face tear gas MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Brazil, eyeing exports, says herds free of mad cow disease

116. Physicians Committee For Responsible Medicine (PCRM) mad cow disease Facts, Resources, and Free Veggie Starter Kit. Real Cause for Concern. If you re concerned about mad cow disease, you have every right to be. http://www.pcrm.org/health/prevmed/madcow.html

Vegetarian Recipes Meat-Free Diets Foodborne Illness Facts on Mad Cow ... News Releases FREE Veggie Starter Kit click here , email literature@pcrm.org , or send a postcard to: PCRM-VSK offer 5100 Wisconsin Ave., N.W., Suite 400 Washington, D.C. 20016. Mad Cow USA Read the book that predicted the outbreak. Mad Cow Disease: Facts, Resources, and Free Veggie Starter Kit Mad cow disease is now indigenous to North America, according to a new report issued by an international panel of experts appointed by Secretary of Agriculture Ann Veneman. The panel, which delivered its report on February 4, also called for a large increase in testing for mad cow and said blanket assurances that “beef is safe” could undermine regulatory efforts. Such assurances have been routinely offered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture since mad cow disease was discovered in a Washington state Holstein on December 22. In other news, federal officials ended their investigation into the country's first case of mad cow disease on February 9. This move comes despite the failure to locate almost two-thirds of the 80 cattle that had entered the United States with the infected Holstein, as the

117. Iowa Beef Center BSE Main Page Web site offers latest news, related market information, producer management information and other various resources surrounding mad cow disease. http://www.iowabeefcenter.org/content/bsemain.htm

Search IBC Home About IBC News ... Activities and Research BSE Information Source Producer Managment Information Emergency Livestock Mortality Composting International Review Panel's Report to USDA/APHIS (Feb. 4) From Nolan Hartwig: What You Should Know About BSE (Dec. 29) From Dan Loy: Protecting Your Feed Supply (Dec. 30) FDA Ruminant Feed Ban Beef Carcass Composting Composting Cows (Utah State University Extension) ISU Extension: Composting Swine (includes Iowa regulations for composting) ISU Extension: Dead Animal Disposal Fact Sheet Market Information (Des Moines, IA) Resources Mad-Cow-Facts.com BSE Frequently Asked Questions (from Iowa Beef Industry Council) Relevant Glossary of Terms Learn About Advanced Meat Recovery Extension Disaster Education Network BSEInfo.com (from NCBA) Centers for Disease Control (from CDC) CWD (Chronic Wasting Disease) of Deer and Elk Iowa Concern Hotline Iowa State University Websites ISU Extension (BSE Page) ISU Veterinary Medicine - Production Animal Medicine Government Websites United States Department of Agriculture USDA Actions to Prevent BSE (from APHIS website) U.S. Food and Drug Administration

118. From Cow To Cannibal: About Mad Cow Disease For ten years preceding the outbreak of mad cow disease in Britain, the USDA had scientific evidence that a version of the disease existed in US cattle. http://chetday.com/cannibal.htm

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119. CNN.com - Rise In UK Cases Of Mad Cow Disease - August 3, 2000 CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/europe/08/03/uk.madcow/index.html

world europe Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web WORLD TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Gates pledges $100 million for AIDS Davos protesters face tear gas ... MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters face tear gas MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Rise in UK cases of mad cow disease In this story: Incubation period unknown Deaths also on the increase RELATED STORIES, SITES

120. Frequently Asked Questions About "Mad Cow Disease" And Human Health Provides frequently asked questions about mad cow disease and human health. http://www.state.ma.us/dph/cdc/factsheets/madcow.htm

Bureau of Communicable Disease Control HIV/AIDS Surveillance STD Prevention Related Sites Centers for Disease Control Contact Information Bureau of Communicable Disease Control State Laboratory Institute 305 South Street Jamaica Plain, MA 02130 Alfred DeMaria, Jr., M.D., Assistant Commissioner Tel. Fax Search the DPH Website Frequently Asked Questions About “Mad Cow Disease” and Human Health What is Mad Cow Disease? Mad Cow Disease or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a brain disease of cattle first identified in the United Kingdom (UK) in the mid 1980s. BSE is part of a group of diseases known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). All of these diseases are characterized by distinctive changes in the brain, abnormal behavior and death. What causes Mad Cow Disease (BSE)? It is thought that this disease is caused and spread by an abnormal form of a protein called a "prion". The abnormal protein triggers a chain-reaction causing other proteins in the brain to change to the abnormal form. Eventually these abnormal proteins accumulate in the brain leading to the development of abnormal behavior and eventually death. How do cattle get Mad Cow Disease (BSE)?

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