61. Texas Department Of Health, IDEAS > Leishmaniasis Your Location IDEAS Home » leishmaniasis. leishmaniasis. What you need to know about leishmaniasis (LEASHma-NIGH-a-sis) / Leishmania Infection. http://www.tdh.state.tx.us/ideas/leishmaniasis/faqs/

Click Here For Requested Information Diseases: A-C Amebiasis Anthrax Arboviral Encephalitides ... Sitemap/Alphabetical Listing of Diseases and Topics Your Location: IDEAS Home Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis Leishmania , Jericho boil, chiclero ulcer, kala-azar, espundia, Dum-Dum fever) ICD-9 085; ICD-10 B55 FAQs Other Sites What you need to know about: Leishmaniasis (LEASH-ma-NIGH-a-sis) / Leishmania Infection What is leishmaniasis? What does leishmania infection cause? Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease spread by the bite of infected sand flies. There are several different "diseases" caused by Leishmania . In some diseases, the parasite does not spread beyond the site of the bite. This results in a "cutaneous leishmaniasis" (oriental sore, Jericho boil), which often heals spontaneously. In other instances, the parasites may spread to the visceral organs (liver, spleen), resulting in "visceral leishmaniasis" (kala-azar or Dum-Dum fever). What are the symptoms of leishmaniasis?

62. Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis Canine Visceral leishmaniasis (Last Updated 26Sep-2001 ). Leishmania spp. that cause visceral leishmaniasis in dogs, cats, and humans are listed in Table 1. http://www.ivis.org/advances/Infect_Dis_Carmichael/baneth/chapter_frm.asp

initFixing('fixed'); In: Recent Advances in Canine Infectious Diseases , Carmichael L. (Ed.) International Veterinary Information Service, Ithaca NY (www.ivis.org), 2001; A0107.0300 Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (Last Updated: 26-Sep-2001 ) D. Strauss-Ayali and G. Baneth School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel. Introduction Visceral leishmaniasis is an infectious disease transmitted by sandflies, and caused by various species of Leishmania parasites. Distinct species occur in parts of the Old World and New World, and can infect people, domestic and wild animals. These parasites cause a wide spectrum of diseases in people, and it is estimated that the annual occurrence of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) cases worldwide is 500,000 [ ]. Infection with Leishmania is also a frequent cause of clinical disease in the dog, especially in tropical, sub-tropical and temperate areas, and is less common in cats. According to the human clinical criteria, canine leishmaniasis is classified as visceral [ ], although the term "generalized canine leishmaniasis" might be more appropriate because it involves visceral and cutaneous tissues.

63. Untitled leishmaniasis SUDAN ***** A ProMED-mail post Date Thu, 22 Jan 1998 130535 -0500 From Dorothy Preslar Source http://www.tmd.ac.jp/med/mzoo/ProMed/980123.html

LEISHMANIASIS - SUDAN A ProMED-mail post Date: Thu, 22 Jan 1998 13:05:35 -0500 From: Dorothy Preslar Source: Al-Sharee al-Siasi, 24 Dec 1997; Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 21 Jan 1998 A Khartoum newspaper reported in late Dec there had been 4000 cases of leishmaniasis in the Eastern Sudan. On 21 Jan 1998, DPA reported on the situation, quoting the health minister of the Gadarif state who provided the same statistic, saying that cases had dramatically increased during December and was "spreading at an alarming rate" in areas around the Atbara and Rahad rivers. Leishmaniasis, in the Sudan known in its worst [visceral] form as Kala-azar, is a parasitic protozoan "wasting" disease, spread by the sandfly, that can affect internal organs. According to the health minister, the medicine for treating the disease is scarce (some say unavailable) within the country. Further, Britain is Sudan's only source for the medicine and does not manufacture it in large quantities. [The current APHA communicable disease manual says that Pentostam is available from the US CDC; the other effective drug is

64. Smittskyddsinstitutet leishmaniasis. leishmaniasis är en infektionssjukdom som kan uppträda i olika sjukdomsformer. Internationella resurser CDC leishmaniasis WHO leishmaniasis. http://www.smittskyddsinstitutet.se/SMItemplates/Article.aspx?id=2311

65. Statens Serum Institut - Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis. Årsag. leishmaniasis skyldes infektion med en encellet parasit (protozo) Leishmania, hvoraf der findes flere typer forskellige steder i verden. http://www.serum.dk/sw675.asp

document.write(sFormElements) Forside Kontakt Job Links ... - Influenza - Leishmaniasis - Rabies - Salmonella infektioner - Toxoplasmose - Vestnilfeber ... Via fødevarer LEISHMANIASIS Årsag Leishmaniasis skyldes infektion med en encellet parasit (protozo): Leishmania, hvoraf der findes flere typer forskellige steder i verden. Forekomst Leishmania findes i de fleste tropiske og subtropiske områder, og er udbredt der, men er sjælden i middelhavslandene. Smitteveje og reservoir Leishmania overføres gennem bid af en flue (sandfluer, Phlebotomus). I Indien og Bangladesh er mennesker det vigtigste reservoir, men i alle andre områder er små gnavere, ræve og hunde reservoir. Symptomer Leishmaniasis kan inddeles i tre hovedsymptomer afhængig af infektionen: 1. Visceral leishmaniasis. Generel infektion med vægttab, træthed, blodmangel, ofte konstant, let feber. Stor milt og lever. Hos personer uden immunitet kan ses et mere akut billeder med høj feber, mavesmerter, hovedpine og svimmelhed. 2. Kutan leishmaniasis. Infektionen kommer aldrig længere end til huden, hvor der dannes sår, som har vanskeligt ved at hele op. Sår kan blive op til 6 cm i diameter, men er normalt mindre. Der kan været hævede kanter og rødme omkring såret. Læsionerne kan sidde i ansigtet. 3. Mukokutan leishmaniasis. Navnet hentyder til, at slimhinderne fx. i næse og mundhule er inddraget. Sygdomsbilledet ses udelukkende i Syd- og Mellemamerika.

66. Leishmaniasis MAIN SEARCH INDEX. leishmaniasis. Definition. leishmaniasis refers to several different illnesses caused by infection with an organism called a protozoan. http://www.ehendrick.org/healthy/000818.htm

MAIN SEARCH INDEX Leishmaniasis Definition Description Causes and symptoms Diagnosis ... Resources Definition Leishmaniasis refers to several different illnesses caused by infection with an organism called a protozoan. Description Protozoa are considered to be the most simple organisms in the animal kingdom. They are all single-celled. The types of protozoa which cause leishmaniasis are carried by the blood-sucking sandfly. The sandfly is referred to as the disease vector, simply meaning that the infectious agent (the protozoan) is carried by the sandfly and passed on to other animals or humans in whom the protozoan will set up residence and cause disease. The animal or human in which the protozoan then resides is referred to as the host. Once the protozoan is within the human host, the human's immune system is activated to try to combat the invader. Specialized immune cells called macrophages work to swallow up the protozoa. Usually, this technique kills a foreign invader, but these protozoa can survive and flourish within macrophages. The protozoa multiply within the macrophages, ultimately causing the macrophage to burst open. The protozoa are released, and take up residence within other neighboring cells. At this point, the course of the disease caused by the protozoa is dependent on the specific type of protozoa, and on the type of reaction the protozoa elicits from the immune system. There are several types of protozoa which cause leishmaniasis, and they cause different patterns of disease progression.

67. AllRefer Health - Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar) leishmaniasis (KalaAzar) information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, incidence, risk factors, signs, tests, support groups http://health.allrefer.com/health/leishmaniasis-info.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Kala-Azar Definition Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease spread by the bite of the sandfly. Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis, Mexicana - Lesion on the Cheek Leishmaniasis on the Finger Leishmania Panamensis on the Foot Leishmania Panamensis - Close-Up Antibodies Leishmania are tiny protozoa. Their parasitic life cycle includes the sandfly and an appropriate host. Humans are one of those hosts. Leishmania infection can cause skin disease (called cutaneous leishmaniasis). It can affect the mucous membranes with a wide range of appearance, most frequently

68. Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis. Updated Dec 08, 2003. Visceral leishmaniasis can be contracted in southern Europe, and can also be transmitted from one person to another. http://www.aidsmap.com/treatments/ixdata/english/A04A9082-DAEF-4C80-8593-6B5D49E

take me to... News What's new Treatments - Treatments overview - Anti-HIV therapy - A-Z of drugs - Emerging therapies - Medical tests - Symptoms and illnesses - Clinical trials - The Wheel A treatment planner Introductions to HIV/AIDS - HIV/AIDS basics - HIV/AIDS statistics - About HIV treatments - About side effects Global Issues - Intro to global issues - About the epidemic - Prevention technology - Public Health - Community action Int. HIV/AIDS Alliance - About the Alliance - Alliance news - Alliance publications Online publications - Factsheets - Patient Information Series - AIDS Treatment Update AIDS orgs worldwide NAM's bookshop Online Discussions Search aidsmap Links Online Help Who produces aidsmap? Privacy statement Leishmaniasis Updated: Dec 08, 2003 Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection spread by sandflies, which feed on humans and then inject parasites called mastigotes into the bloodstream or skin. These parasites then reproduce, causing the symptoms. Leishmaniasis occurs in three forms: as a skin disorder which results in ulceration (cutaneous leishmaniasis), as lesions of the mucous membranes in the nose, mouth and throat (mucocutaneous leishmaniasis) and as a chronic wasting illness (visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala azar). The three forms are spread by separate types of sandflies.

69. About Leishmaniasis Baylor University leishmaniasis Visceral or KalaAzar, Cutaneous, and Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (Espundia). Cutaneous leishmaniasis usually divided into http://www.wynman.com/baylor.html

Baylor University: Leishmaniasis: Visceral or Kala-Azar, Cutaneous, and Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (Espundia) Primary Distribution: East and North Africa, Middle East, Southern Europe, Central, South, and East Asia, South America, West Mexico. Agent and Vector: The protozoal parasite species Leishmania is transmitted through the bite of female sandflies (phlebotomine) as follows: Visceral leishmaniasis or kala-azar is caused primarily by L. donovani, L. chagasi, or L. infantum. Dogs (feral or domesticated) are a reservoir for L. chagasi. Cutaneous leishmaniasis usually divided into: Old World leishmaniasis caused primarily by L. tropica, L. major, L. aethiopica, and New World leishmaniasis caused primarily by L. Mexicana or L. braziliensis. Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused primarily by L. aethiopica or L. mexicana. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (espundia) is caused primarily by L. (viannia) braziliensis. Altogether, there are about 21 leishmanial species that are transmitted by about 30 species of sandflies. Incubation: Usually 2-6 months or longer. Relapse may occur as many as 10 years after first episode. Local trauma sometimes activates latent infection in cutaneous leishmaniasis.

70. Leishmaniasis, An Overview An Overview of leishmaniasis. Introduction. leishmaniasis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that recently has been introduced into North America. http://www.vet.uga.edu/vpp/clerk/joiner/

An Overview of Leishmaniasis Debbie D. Joiner, BS; Craig E. Greene, DVM, MS; Kenneth S. Latimer, DVM, PhD; Perry J. Bain, DVM, PhD; Heather L. Tarpley, DVM, PhD Class of 2005 (Joiner), Department of Small Animal Medicine (Greene), and Department of Pathology (Latimer, Bain, Tarpley), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7388 Introduction Leishmaniasis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that recently has been introduced into North America. Foxhounds are the most prevalent breed affected in the United States, but other breeds of dogs have been identified with no apparent history of travel. As a result of the diverse manifestations of clinical signs and the lack of suspicion of this previously exotic illness, veterinarians need to have better awareness in order to achieve a clinical diagnosis. Etiology Leishmaniasis is caused by diphasic protozoa of the genus Leishmania and Viannia The disease is endemic in many parts of the world including Central and South America, Africa, India, and the Mediterranean basin. In many of the endemic areas, dogs are considered the major reservoir for human disease while in other regions people are the principal reservoir for further human spread. Isolated foci of infections have been found in Texas affecting both humans and dogs and, to a lesser degree, cats. However, apparently endemic cases of

71. Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis by Kevin McGrew. There has been quite a stir in the Spinone world recently about a disease named leishmaniasis (pronounced LEASHma-NIGH-a-sis). http://www.css.edu/users/kmcgrew/leish.html

Leishmaniasis by Kevin McGrew There has been quite a stir in the Spinone world recently about a disease named Leishmaniasis (pronounced LEASH-ma-NIGH-a-sis) What exactly is this disease? Is it something new and can it affect humans or is it limited to the canine world? What is it? Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease spread by the female phlebotomine sandfly. There are three different clinical forms of the disease, cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL, often referred to as “oriental sore”), mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (ML) and visceral Leishmaniasis (VL, often referred to as “kala-azar”). All three forms are transmitted to humans and dogs by the same kind of sandfly. While CL and ML are fairly treatable, VL, if not treated, can be fatal. What are the symptoms? Symptoms of CL include primarily sores on the skin; sometimes single sores and sometimes multiple sores. The sores usually have a raised edge and a concave middle, some sores scab over. If the sore is near a gland (e.g. under or on the arm) the glands may swell. Fever, weight loss, loss of appetite, and an enlarged spleen and liver usually identify VL.

72. Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis. leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease acquired in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Persons become infected http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Disease/leishmaniasis.html

Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease acquired in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Persons become infected through the bite of some species of sand flies. In the Western Hemisphere, the infection usually is acquired in rural areas, but in the Eastern Hemisphere, infection may be acquired in some urban areas as well. The disease most commonly manifests either in a cutaneous (skin) form or in a visceral (internal organ) form. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is characterized by one or more skin sores (either open or closed) that develop weeks to months after a person is bitten by infected sand flies. The manifestations of visceral leishmaniasis, such as fever, enlargement of the spleen and liver, and anemia, typically develop months, but sometimes years after a person becomes infected. Vaccines and drugs for preventing infection are not currently available. Preventive measures for the individual traveler are aimed at reducing contact with sand flies. Outdoor activities should be avoided when sand flies are most active (dusk to dawn). Although sand flies are primarily night-time biters, infection may be acquired during the daytime if resting sand flies are disturbed. Sand fly activity in an area may easily be underestimated because sand flies are noiseless fliers, and rare bites may go unnoticed. Protective clothing and insect repellent should be used for supplementary protection. Clothing should cover as much of the body as possible and tolerable in the climate. Repellent with DEET (N,N-diethylmethyltoluamide) (DEET) should be applied to exposed skin and under the edges of clothing, such as under the ends of sleeves and pant legs. It should be applied according to the manufacturer's instructions; repeated applications may be necessary under conditions of excessive perspiration, wiping, and washing. Although impregnation of clothing with permethrin may provide additional protection, it does not eliminate the need for repellent on exposed skin and should be repeated after every five washings.

73. Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis. leishmaniasis is a disease spread by the bite of certain species of sand fly. There are four main forms of leishmaniasis. http://www.fact-index.com/l/le/leishmaniasis.html

Main Page See live article Alphabetical index Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis is a disease spread by the bite of certain species of sand fly. Synonyms for leishmaniasis include kala azar Black Fever and Dum-Dum fever . The disease is named for William Boog Leishman The symptoms of leishmaniasis are skin sores which erupt weeks to months after the person affected is bitten by sand flies. Other consequences, which can become manifest anywhere from a few months to years after infection, include fever, damage to the spleen and liver , and anaemia It can be transmitted in many tropical and sub-tropical countries, although the preponderance of cases occur in Bangladesh Brazil India and Sudan There are four main forms of leishmaniasis. Visceral leishmaniasis - the most serious form and potentially fatal if untreated. Cutaneous leishmaniasis - the most common form which causes numerous sores on the body, which heal within a few months leaving unpleasant looking scars. Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis - this form produces widespread skin lesions which resemble leprosy and is particularly difficult to treat. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis - commences with skin ulcers which spread causing tissue damage to (particularly) nose and mouth This article is from Wikipedia . All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License

74. Health Health Advisory 4 Leishmaniasis In US Personnel ADVISORY 4. Date April 5, 2004. Subject leishmaniasis In US Personnel Returning From Iraq and Afghanistan. To Health Alert Network. From http://www.dsf.health.state.pa.us/health/cwp/view.asp?a=171&q=237198

75. DermIS / Main Menu / DOIA / Leishmaniasis / Images DermIS / main menu / DOIA / leishmaniasis / images, deutsch español portugues français. / images for the diagnosis leishmaniasis . Click to enlarge. http://www.dermis.net/doia/diagnose.asp?zugr=d&lang=e&diagnr=85900&topic=t

76. Leishmaniasis ? Information For Health Professionals And Interested Laypersons leishmaniasis Information for health professionals and interested laypersons. Dendritic cells and immunity to leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis. http://www.health.xq23.com/current_health_issues/Leishmaniasis.html

Leishmaniasis : Information for health professionals and interested laypersons. Recommended References and Products. [see index for total category] Books: Molecular and Immune Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (Medical Intelligence Unit) by Felix J. Tapia Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Molecular and Immune Mechanisms of Pathogenesis (Medical Intelligence Unit) by F.J. Tapia Biology of the Kinetoplastida by Lumsden, The Leishmaniases in Biology and Medicine/Clinical Aspects and Control by Academic Press Leishmaniasis: The Current Status and New Strategies for Control (NATO Asi Series) by D.T. Hart Leishmanioses et phlebotomes en Bolivie by ORSTOM : Diffusion INSERM Pathogenesis of Leprosy and Related Diseases by D. S. Ridley Trypanosomiasis and Leishmaniasis: Biology and Control by G. Hide Cutaneous leishmaniasis : molecular and immune mechanisms of pathogenesis by R.G. Landes âEcologie des leishmanioses : [actes du collogue international], Montpellier, 18-24 aoãut 1974 by Centre national de la recherche scientifique Leishmania (World Class Parasites, V. 4)

77. SBRI - Diseases: Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis Statistics. Impact leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by the bite of a sandfly that is infected with Leishmania parasites. http://www.sbri.org/diseases/leishmaniasis.asp

Impact SBRI's Role African Sleeping Sickness Candidiasis ... Tuberculosis Leishmaniasis Statistics 350 million people at risk Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common, causing 50-75%of all new cases Impact Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by the bite of a sandfly that is infected with Leishmania parasites. Currently 350 million people in 88 countries around the world are threatened, and 12 million people are affected by leishmaniasis. Of the 1.5 – 2 million new cases of leishmaniasis estimated to occur annually, most occur in the tropics and subtropics, including the Middle East. In 2002, leishmaniasis reached epidemic levels in Afghanistan, with the World Health Organization calling for more funding and research for the disease.

78. Leishmaniasis Menu leishmaniasis Information*. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in US military personnelSouthwest/Central Asia, 20022003). Bobby WorldWide Approved 508. http://www.geis.ha.osd.mil/GEIS/IDTopics/Leishmaniasis/LeishmaniasisMenu.asp

Leishmaniasis Information* US DoD Medical Advisory: Leishmaniasis (12 Sep 03) US Army Information Paper (10 Dec 03) Medical Advisory: Prevention, Treatment and Surveillance for Leishmaniasis in OIF/OEF (15 Nov 03) Policy for Diagnosis and Treatment of Leishmania sp. Diseases (23 Dec 02) US Navy Leishmaniasis In Military Personnel Returning From Iraq (April 04) USACHPPM Leishmaniasis Page CDC Leishmaniasis Page MMWR article: Cutaneous leishmaniasis in U.S. military personnelSouthwest/Central Asia, 2002-2003 (from: CDC. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in U.S. military personnelSouthwest/Central Asia, 2002-2003 The official web site of the U. S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System Questions or Comment?: Contact the GEIS Webmaster DoD-GEIS Accessibility Statement This site is best viewed at resolutions 800 x 600 and higher

79. Leishmaniasis Cure for Fatal Tropical Disease Oral Treatment of leishmaniasis New reports look into the increasing expansion of leishmaniasis. http://www.mpibpc.gwdg.de/abteilungen/293/PR/00_01/leish_e.html

Max Planck Institute for biophysical Chemistry Press Release - February 18, 2000 MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT Cure for Fatal Tropical Disease - Oral Treatment of Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis, also known as "kala-azar", "black fever" or "black sickness", is a widespread infectious disease in tropical or subtropical regions, which is spreading into Southern Europe. Cases of Leishmaniasis have also appeared in other European countries, for example several hundred per year in Switzerland. The death rate is high and alarming because of an increasing resistance against the classical therapy with antimonials. A new cure for this fatal disease has been discovered in Göttingen/Germany by Prof. Hansjörg Eibl, Max Planck Institute for biophysical Chemistry, and Prof. Clemens Unger, a former member of the University Hospital. The possible help for millions of infected people comes from Miltefosine, a structurally simple molecule. Cure rates of nearly 100 percent have now been observed in patient studies in India (The New England Journal of Medicine, December 1999)

80. Leishmaniasis Links On The Internet leishmaniasis Links to more information. http//www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/321/7264/801. Clinical review Science, medicine, and the future leishmaniasis. http://www.spinone.com/Health/Leishmaniasis/LMLinks.htm

Leishmaniasis Links to more information Rare Parasidic Disease Strikes Foxhounds http://www.unclematty.com/woofpub/articles/leishmaniasis.htm This article is based on a summary of the investigation of the disease provided by Peter M. Schantz, VMD, PhD, Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center of Infectious Diseases, CDC, and a September 20 interview with Dennis Foster, Executive Director of the Master of Foxhounds Association. http://www.ivis.org/advances/Infect_Dis_Carmichael/baneth/chapter_frm.asp International Veterinary Information Service Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis: http://www.ivis.org/advances/Infect_Dis_Carmichael/baneth/chapter_frm.asp Division of Parasitic Diseases Leishmania Infection (Leishmaniasis http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/leishmania/factsht_leishmania.htm Parasites and Health - Leishmaniasis http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Frames/G-L/Leishmaniasis/body_Leishmaniasis_page1.htm World Health Organization (WHO) Leishmaniasis (kala azar) http://www.who.int/health-topics/leishmaniasis.htm Fact Sheet http://www.who.int/inf-fs/en/fact116.html ... http://www.who.int/tdr/diseases/leish/ More on Leishmaniasis from the WHO http://www.who.int/emc/diseases/leish/leisdis1.html

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