41. Discovery Health Kidney Stones kidney stones are deposits of mineral salts, called calculi, in the kidney. search,kidney stones. By Stuart Wolf, MD. Images (click to view larger image). http://health.discovery.com/diseasesandcond/encyclopedia/2462.html

42. Mantu Gupta, M.D. - Urology - Welcome Specializes in minimally invasive urology, especially the treatment of kidney stones, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, and urinary tract obstruction from cancer or BPH. http://www.mantuguptamd.com/

Mantu Gupta, M.D., and staff members are dedicated to serving the urological needs of New York and the surrounding communities. We strive to provide state-of-the-art diagnosis and treatment and believe in rendering the least invasive, most efficacious treatment of urological disorders in a kind, empathetic, manner. We treat each patient as a partner in his or her medical care and make patient education a central component of our care. Because many urological conditions are accompanied by social discomfort or embarrassment, we emphasize sensitivity and discretion when dealing with all of our patients' concerns. A urologist is a physician who is highly trained to treat disorders of the male and female urinary tract (bladder, ureter, kidney, and urethra) and the male reproductive system. We specialize in a full range of urologic conditions and procedures, including the following: Hematuria Kidney stones Laparoscopic surgery Upper tract tumors Dr. Gupta has been in private practice for the past six years. He specializes in minimally invasive urology, especially the treatment of kidney stones, uretero-pelvic junction obstruction, and urinary tract obstruction from cancer or BPH. For more information about Dr. Gupta, please see the Physician page.

43. Kidney Stones kidney stones vary greatly in size. Some are as small as a grain of sand whereasothers are so big they fill the entire renal pelvis. kidney stones. http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/diseases/facts/kidneystone.htm

NetDoctor.co.uk Home News and features News Newsletter Features Encyclopaedia Diseases Examinations Medicines Premium services SMS services StayQuit thediet Health centres Allergy and asthma Children's health Depression Eczema ... All health centres Discussion and support Discussion forums Support groups Services Ask the doctor Find a hospital Search Medline Test yourself Information About NetDoctor Commercial opportunities NetDoctor.com Kidney stones Mr John Macfarlane , consultant urological surgeon What are kidney stones? Kidney stones vary greatly in size. Some are as small as a grain of sand whereas others are so big they fill the entire renal pelvis. The kidney stones are small hard deposits that can get stuck on the way from the renal pelvis to the ureter (A). They are not always painful and are sometimes discovered completely by accident after an X-ray or ultrasound examination made for some other reason. Kidney stones typically occur in formerly healthy men aged between 30 and 50. The male to female ratio for kidney stone disease is 2:1.

44. Oliver Urology Associates, PC, Athens Georgia Specialize in treatment of impotence, incontinence, infertility, and kidney stones. Located in Athens. http://www.oliverurology.com/

45. Kidney Stone Analysis kidney stones (renal calculi) form in the kidneys from substances thatseparate out of the urine. kidney stones in the urine may mean. http://my.webmd.com/hw/health_guide_atoz/hw7826.asp

var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Quizzes, Calculators Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map You are in Medical Library Choose a Topic Our Content Sources Ask A Question Clinical Trials Health Guide A-Z Health Topics Symptoms Medical Tests Medications ... Credits Kidney Stone Analysis Test Overview Kidney stone analysis is a test done on a kidney stone to determine its chemical makeup. The test is done on a kidney stone that has been passed in the urine or removed from the urinary tract during surgery. Chemical analysis of a kidney stone can help identify the type of stone and can provide important clues about why it formed. Kidney stone analysis may also guide treatment and provide information that may prevent stones from forming in the future. Kidney stones (renal calculi) form in the kidneys from substances that separate out of the urine. See an illustration of a kidney stone Kidney stones may range from the size of a grain of sand to about 1 in.(2.5 cm) or larger across. Sometimes a stone may leave the kidney and move down a

46. Scott A. Horner, M.D. Urology, Ltd. And Reading Urology - Welcome Specializing in bladder cancer, incontinence, kidney cancer, kidney stones, prostate cancer, testicular cancer, and vasectomy, located in Reading. Information on physician, services, patient resources, and contacts. http://www.scotthornermd.com

Scott A. Horner, M.D. Urology, Ltd. and Reading Urology Scott A. Horner, M.D. has extensive experience in the diagnosis and treatment of urological diseases and conditions. He combines clinical services and expertise with state-of-the-art therapies. Dr. Horner specializes in bladder cancer, incontinence, kidney cancer, kidney stones, prostate cancer, testicular cancer, and vasectomy; he also diagnoses and treats general adult and pediatric urological disorders. A urologist is a physician who is highly trained to treat disorders of the male and female urinary tract (bladder, ureter, kidney, and urethra) and the male reproductive system. The following are some of the more common conditions that a urologist treats: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Bladder control problems Erectile dysfunction (impotence) Prostate cancer Prostate disorders Urinary incontinence Urology is classified as a surgical subspecialty, but since a wide variety of clinical problems are encountered when treating urological conditions, knowledge of internal medicine, pediatrics, gynecology, and other specialties is required. Use these pages to learn more about our practice, Dr. Horner, our services, and urology. We hope you will find these pages helpful and informative as you make health care and medical decisions.

47. Kidney Stones -- Surgery kidney stones Surgery Open surgery using an incision is rarely needed to treatkidney stones. In most cases, other less invasive treatments are successful. http://my.webmd.com/hw/kidney_failure/hw204992.asp

var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Quizzes, Calculators Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map You are in Choose a Topic All Conditions ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Dental Depression Diabetes Eye Health Heart Disease Hepatitis HIV/AIDS Hypertension Men's Conditions Mental Health Migraines/Headaches Multiple Sclerosis Osteoporosis Parkinson's Sexual Conditions Stroke Weight Control Women's Conditions Health Topics Symptoms Medical Tests Medications ... Credits Kidney Stones Surgery Open surgery using an incision is rarely needed to treat kidney stones . In most cases, other less invasive treatments are successful. Surgery may be needed when the kidney stone is causing severe bleeding that cannot be controlled. In rare cases, a person forms kidney stones because of an imbalance in hormone production. To help prevent stones from coming back, surgery to remove the parathyroid gland ( parathyroidectomy ) may be needed.

48. KIDNEY STONES kidney stones What is a kidney stone? These crystals may grow into stones rangingin size from a grain of sand to a golf ball. Are kidney stones common? http://www.kidney.org/general/atoz/content/kidneystone.html

Kidney Stones What is a kidney stone? A kidney stone is a hard mass that occurs when calcium oxalate or other chemicals in the urine form crystals that stick together. These crystals may grow into stones ranging in size from a grain of sand to a golf ball. Are kidney stones common? Some one million Americansthe majority between the ages of 20 and 40are treated each year for kidney stones. Kidney stones are more common in men, who account for about four out of five cases. Why do kidney stones form in some people and not others? Normally, urine contains substances that prevent crystals from forming. However, these do not work for everyone. Factors that can contribute to stone formation in susceptible people include: Too little fluid intake Chronic urinary tract infections Misuse of certain medications Urinary tract blockage Limited activity for several weeks Certain genetic and metabolic diseases. What are the symptoms of kidney stones? Some people may not have any symptoms, but most have at least some, such as: Severe pain in the kidneys or lower abdomen, which may move to the groin; pain may last for minutes or hours, followed by periods of relief

49. Charles Bamberger, M.D. - Urology - Welcome Services include a lithotripsy unit for the treatment of kidney stones and a prostatron thermotherapy unit (microwaveheat therapy) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. http://www.drbamberger.com

Charles Bamberger, M.D. Ambulatory Urological Surgery Center of Fort Worth 416-418 South Henderson Ft. Worth, Texas 76104-5421 Tel: 817.338.4636 Fax: 817.335.5421 [view map] Dr. Charles Bamberger is dedicated to serving the urological needs of Ft. Worth and the surrounding communities. We strive to provide state-of-the-art diagnosis and treatment. We have a lithotripsy unit for the treatment of kidney stones, and a prostatron thermotherapy unit (microwave-heat therapy) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We treat each patient as a partner in his or her medical care and make patient education a central component of our care. Because many urological conditions are accompanied by social discomfort or embarrassment, we emphasize sensitivity and discretion when dealing with all of our patients' concerns. A urologist is a physician who is highly trained to treat disorders of the male and female urinary tract (bladder, ureter, kidney, and urethra) and the male reproductive system. Dr. Bamberger specializes in the following conditions and procedures: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate) Bladder control problems Bladder suspension for the treatment of female incontinence Erectile dysfunction Incontinence Infertility and sperm retrieval for artificial insemination in conjunction with in vitro fertilization Kidney stones Lithotripsy for the treatment of kidney stones TUMT - microwave therapy for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Vasectomy Vasectomy reversal Urology is classified as a surgical subspecialty, but since a wide variety of clinical problems are encountered when treating urological conditions, knowledge of internal medicine, pediatrics, gynecology, and other specialties is required.

50. DIET AND KIDNEY STONES Diet and kidney stones If you have kidney stones, you may need to follow a specialdiet. Source Diet and kidney stones . See also in this AZ Guide http://www.kidney.org/general/atoz/content/kstonesdiet.html

Diet and Kidney Stones If you have kidney stones, you may need to follow a special diet. First your doctor will need to run tests to find out why you form stones and what diet changes may be right for you. You may be asked to use less salt, calcium, oxalate, or protein in your diet. Your registered dietitian will help you to plan your diet. Special diets and/or medicines In some cases, a special diet may be enough to prevent the formation of more kidney stones. In other cases, medications or a combination of a special diet and medications will be necessary. I had a calcium stone. Should I avoid calcium? Not necessarily. You might put out large amounts of calcium in your urine even if you do not eat high calcium foods. Special tests can determine if you need to limit the amount of calcium you eat. However, it would be a good idea not to take calcium supplements until the cause of your kidney stones is determined. What foods are good sources of calcium? Dairy products such as milk, cheese, ice cream and yogurt are high in calcium. Other high calcium foods are sardines or salmon canned with bones, oysters and tofu. Some foods have extra calcium added (for example, some cold cereals and instant oatmeal), and some medicines have large amounts of calcium. You need about 800 to 1000 milligrams of calcium per day. If you eat a diet with less calcium over a long period of time, you may have a loss of bone. Most people get about two thirds of their calcium from dairy products. A dietitian can help you plan your diet so you get the amount of calcium you need.

51. KFOC - Kidney Stones kidney stones. The kidneys are the master chemists of the body. Normally Kidneystones occur much more commonly in men than in women. They http://www.kidney.ca/english/publications/brochures/kidneystones/kidneystones.ht

Profile Programs Volunteering Offices ... Main Page Kidney Stones The kidneys are the master chemists of the body. Normally, there are two of them, one on either side of the spine under the lower ribs. They are reddish brown in colour and shaped like kidney beans. Each kidney is about the size of your clenched fist. The urinary system is made up of the kidneys, the ureters, the bladder, and the urethra. Each plays an important role in helping your body to eliminate waste products in the form of urine. The main job of the kidneys is to remove wastes from the blood and return the cleaned blood back to the body. The ureters carry the waste products, as urine, from the kidneys to the bladder. Urine is stored in the bladder until you urinate. It passes out of the body through a tube called the urethra. The kidneys also control the balance of water and salt in the body, and are involved in the production of Vitamin D and erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates bone marrow to produce red blood cells. THE URINARY SYSTEM A kidney stone can develop when certain chemicals in your urine form crystals that stick together. The crystals may grow into a stone ranging in size from a grain of sand to a golf ball. Most stones form in the kidneys. Very small stones can pass through the urinary system without causing problems. However, larger stones, when traveling from the kidney through the ureter to the bladder, can cause severe pain called colic.

52. Soy Can Lead To Kidney Stones The researchers measured nearly a dozen varieties of soybeans for oxalate, acompound that can bind with calcium in the kidney to form kidney stones. http://www.mercola.com/2001/oct/27/soy_kidney_stones.htm

Dr. Joseph Mercola Author of the Total Health Program Enter your e-mail address below to subscribe to my free newsletter: Previous Issues Essential Info Health Blog My Vision My Qualifications #1 Natural Health Site ... More... Health Resources Nutrition Plan Fewer Grains/Sugars More Omega-3 More Water ... Issue 267 October 27, 2001 Supplements for Vision Loss Soy Leads to Kidney Stones Night Shift Cancer Risk Erythromycin Dangers ... SIDS Prevention Bioterrorism Update Cipro Warning Problems with the Anthrax Vaccine Irradiating Mail to Kill Anthrax Home ... Print this Page document.write ( "E-mail to a Friend" ); document.write ( "" ); Soy Can Lead to Kidney Stones New research indicates that soybeans and soy-based foods, a staple in the diets of many health-conscious consumers, may promote kidney stones in those prone to the painful condition. The researchers measured nearly a dozen varieties of soybeans for oxalate, a compound that can bind with calcium in the kidney to form kidney stones.

53. Kidney Stones kidney stones. September 2001. WHAT ARE kidney stones? The Kidneysand Urinary Tract. The urinary system helps to maintain proper http://www.reutershealth.com/wellconnected/doc81.html

Kidney Stones September 2001 WHAT ARE KIDNEY STONES? The Kidneys and Urinary Tract The urinary system helps to maintain proper water and salt balance throughout the body. The process of urination begins in the kidneys, which process fluids and dissolved waste matter to produce urine. The two kidneys are located deep behind the abdomen below the ribs and toward the middle-back. They play a major role in this process: Each kidney contains over a million nephrons . These are the functional units of the kidney. Each nephron is composed of a tiny tuft of blood vessels (a glomerulus ) enclosed in a funnel-like structure called a Bowman's capsule s. Each glomerulus filters waste products, water, and salts out of the blood fluid (plasma) that has entered the kidney as it circulates through the body. About 1% of the plasma is converted into urine. The rest is returned into circulation to prevent dehydration. Urine's primary components are acids and urea and creatine (nitrogen compounds). Urine passes from the Bowman's capsule into tiny tubules that lead to large collecting tubes to the center of the kidney. As it passes through this network it becomes increasingly concentrated.

54. Kidney Stone Diet Kidney Stone Diet Purpose Almost everyone knows someone who has had kidney stones. SampleMenu For kidney stones Calcium or Calcium Oxalate Stones. Breakfast. http://www.gicare.com/pated/edtgs29.htm

Home Jackson Gastro Patient Education Kidney Stone Diet Purpose Almost everyone knows someone who has had kidney stones. The kidneys filter the blood to remove excess mineral salts and other soluble (dissolvable) wastes. The kidneys also produce the urine that dissolves these wastes and excretes them through the urinary tract. Kidney stones form when the urine becomes so saturated with a certain mineral that no more of it can dissolve into the urine (like trying to dissolve too much sugar in your iced tea). The undissolved portion of the mineral forms crystals that then clump together and grow into hard stones. Kidney stones usually develop in the kidneys. However they can form anywhere in the urinary tract. This condition is medically known as urolithiasis or nephrolithiasis. When kidney stones are quite tiny, they may pass unnoticed with the urine. Often however, they grow too large to pass easily through the urinary tract, and some stones have rough or sharp edges. When these stones are passing through the urinary tract, it can be quite painful. In some cases, kidney stones cannot pass on their own, and treatment with specialized medical equipment or surgery may be necessary. For most people, kidney stones are like dandelions in the lawn; they can be eliminated, but they'll be back another year. Therefore, a major part of the treatment for this condition is aimed at preventing recurrences. There are various types of kidney stones. Because treatment for each differs, it is important for the physician to determine the stone's mineral content and to identify any medical conditions that may have contributed to stone formation. Preventive treatment may be with medications and/or changes in the diet.

55. Kidney Stones In Adults Everything about kidney stones, including what it is, who gets it, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, research and prevention. What foods to watch out for. http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/urolog/pubs/stonadul/stonadul.htm

Email To A Friend Also see: What are Kidney Stones? Home : Kidney Stones in Adults Kidney Stones in Adults On this page: Introduction to the Urinary Tract What is a kidney stone? Who gets kidney stones? What causes kidney stones? ... Additional Reading Kidney stones, one of the most painful of the urologic disorders, are not a product of modern life. Scientists have found evidence of kidney stones in a 7,000-year-old Egyptian mummy. Unfortunately, kidney stones are one of the most common disorders of the urinary tract; patients made more than 1.3 million visits to health care providers to have their stones treated in 1997. In 1999, more than a quarter million hospitalized patients had a diagnosis of kidney stones. An estimated 10 percent of people in the United States will have a kidney stone at some point in their lives. Men tend to be affected more frequently than women. Most kidney stones pass out of the body without any intervention by a physician. Stones that cause lasting symptoms or other complications may be treated by various techniques, most of which do not involve major surgery. Also, research advances have led to a better understanding of the many factors that promote stone formation. Top Introduction to the Urinary Tract The urinary tract The urinary tract, or system, consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located below the ribs toward the middle of the back. The kidneys remove extra water and wastes from the blood, converting it to urine. They also keep a stable balance of salts and other substances in the blood. The kidneys produce hormones that help build strong bones and help form red blood cells.

56. DoctorYourself.com - Kidney Stones Does vitamin C cause kidney stones? No, it prevents and often actuallydissolves kidney stones. kidney stones. kidney stones Home, http://www.doctoryourself.com/kidney.html

Kidney Stones Kidney Stones Home KIDNEY STONES (Renal Calculi) AND THEIR RELATION TO DIET There are five types of kidney stones: 1. Calcium phosphate stones are common and easily dissolve in urine acidified by Vitamin C. 2. Calcium oxalate stones are also common but they do not dissolve in acid urine. 3. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite stones) are much less common, often appearing after an infection. They dissolve in vitamin C acidified urine. 4. Uric acid stones result from a problem metabolizing purines (the chemical base of adenine, xanthine, theobromine [in chocolate] and uric acid). They may form in a condition such as gout. 5. Cystine stones result from a hereditary inability to reabsorb cystine. Most children's stones are this type, and these are rare. The Role of Vitamin C in Preventing and Dissolving Kidney Stones: The very common calcium phosphate stone can only exist in a urinary tract that is not acidic. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C's most common form) acidifies the urine, thereby dissolving phosphate stones and preventing their formation. Acidic urine will also dissolve magnesium ammonium phosphate stones, which would otherwise require surgical removal. These are the same struvite stones associated with urinary tract infections. Both the infection and the stone are easily cured with vitamin C in large doses. BOTH are virtually 100% preventable with daily consumption of much-greater-than-RDA amounts of ascorbic acid. Think grams, not milligrams! A gorilla gets about 4,000 mg of vitamin C a day in its natural diet. The US RDA for humans is only 60 mg. Someone is wrong, and I don't think it's the gorillas.

57. Error Explains what kidney stones are, the causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention. Some resources listed for more information. http://www.4woman.gov/faq/stones.htm

Search our database by Health Topic or enter your own keywords Error We cannot find the page you are looking for. Try one of the following ways to find what you are after: Make sure you have typed the address correctly. Return to the 4woman.gov home page and browse our content. Use the search at the top of this page to find what you need. Home About Us Contact Us Site Index ... Contact NWHIC or call 1-800-994-WOMAN NWHIC is a service of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office on Women's Health

58. Bbc.co.uk Health - Ask The Doctor - Kidney Stones Ask the Doctor. Q kidney stones. Could you please the stone is. Smallstones in the kidney itself may cause no symptoms, and go unnoticed. http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/ask_doctor/kidney_stone.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index WEDNESDAY 2nd June 2004 Text only BBC Homepage Health Home Lifestyle Home ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! Ask the Doctor Q: Kidney stones Could you please explain the cause of kidney stones, the symptoms you might expect if they were to suddenly start moving, and what can be done to reduce the risk of them occurring? Phil Dr Trisha Macnair responds Stones (or calculi) can form in any part of the urinary tract, from the kidneys to the ureters (the tubes leading out of the kidneys), to the bladder. They are quite common - about 40,000 cases each year in the UK alone - and 3 times more likely in men than women. The problem often recurs - about 60% of patients will develop another stone within 7 years. In most cases, there is no obvious cause, although dehydration, prolonged bed rest, and urinary tract infection may all play a part. Several different types of stone There are several different types of kidney stone. In about 70% of cases, the stone is made of calcium oxalate, and/or calcium phosphate. Oxalate is a product of metabolism naturally found in the urine, and a diet, which is rich in oxalic acid (in rhubarb, coffee, spinach and leafy vegetables, for example) can increase the risk. Occasionally, calcium stones occur as a result of problems with the parathyroid gland, which controls calcium metabolism in the body.

59. Naturalhealthlink.com Detailed information on kidney stones, the symptoms, treatments, prevention and related nutritional supplements and herbs. http://www.naturalhealthlink.com/ReferenceLibrary/healthnotes.asp?ArticleID=91&a

60. How Can Kidney Stones Be Prevented? Part of the treatment of kidney stones involves preventing them from happeningagain. Preventive How Can kidney stones Be Prevented? Part http://yourmedicalsource.com/library/kidneystones/KS_prevention.html

Kidney Stones Place mouse pointer over this symbol for definition. What Are Kidney Stones? What Is The Urinary System? How Do Kidney Stones Form? Where Do Kidney Stones Form? ... Additional Sources Of Information Other helpful websites: Yahoo! Health WebMD NIH How Can Kidney Stones Be Prevented? Part of the treatment of kidney stones involves preventing them from happening again. Preventive measures include: Drinking a large amount of water Changes in diet Medication Drinking A Large Amount Of Water Drinking large volumes of water each day will dilute the mineral or stone-forming salts in the urine. Many experts advise people who are prone to kidney stones to drink 12 eight-ounce glasses of water a day. Stones cannot form in urine that is diluted. Changes In Diet Because calcium stones are the most common type of kidney stone , some experts recommend a low-calcium and low-oxalate diet. Foods high in calcium include dairy products. Foods rich in oxalate include colas, chocolate, peanuts, leafy vegetables, and tea. Restricting these foods in the diet should lower the concentration of calcium and oxalate in the urine.

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