41. Kidney Failure Glossary Defines medical terms and concepts used by health professionals when talking about kidney failure. kidney failure Glossary. On this page http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/glossary/

Email To A Friend PDF Version Also see: Kidney Failure Series Home Kidney Failure Series : Kidney Failure Glossary Kidney Failure Glossary On this page: A B C D ... About the Kidney Failure Series This glossary defines words that are often used when people talk or write about kidney failure and its treatments. It is designed for people whose kidneys have failed and for their families and friends. The words are listed in alphabetical order. Some words have many meanings; only those meanings that relate to kidney diseases are included. Words that appear in bold italic are defined elsewhere in the glossary. A term will refer the reader to another definition only when the second definition gives additional information about the topic that is directly related to the first term. Top A access: In dialysis , the point on the body where a needle or catheter is inserted. (See also arteriovenous fistula graft , and vascular access acute renal (REE-nul) failure: Sudden and temporary loss of kidney function. (See also chronic kidney disease allograft (AL-oh-graft): An organ or tissue transplant from one human to another.

42. Royal Cornwall Hospital Renal Units : Patients & Carers Web Site For patients with kidney failure in Cornwall. Includes an introduction, kidney failure explained, symptoms, Haemodialysis and CAPD introduction. http://www.renalpatients.co.uk/

Menu Home Page Introduction Kidney Failure Explained Symptoms ... E-Mail Royal Cornwall Hospital Renal Units Patients and Carers Web Site With special thanks to the Doctors, Nurses and Staff of The Royal Cornwall Hospitals, Cornwall Welcome This web site is for patients with Renal (Kidney) Failure and who live in Cornwall. If you are a new dialysis patient we hope you will find this site informative and reassuring. If you are already on dialysis and want to check procedures or seek out further information we hope you will find that this site provides a useful guide. The information found here is given as a guide only and patients are advised to seek further information from their own doctor. Please e-mail John if you have any ideas, or have found other useful web sites, which will help patients in their further understanding of kidney failure If you have a web site please display our button to help us get known. Link to http://www.renalpatients.co.uk We would like to thank www.netbenefit.co.uk

43. Kidney Failure: What Next? Factsheet kidney failure What Next? Ormond Street Hospital for treatment. What is kidney failure? Kidneys are responsible for filtering blood http://www.ich.ucl.ac.uk/factsheets/test_procedure_operations/kidney_failure_nex

Please use the indexes below to find the factsheet you need. Or search the full alphabetical index: Top Top Top Top ... Top Kidney Failure: What Next? Contents Introduction What is kidney failure? Why do kidneys fail? How do kidneys fail? ... Where can I go for support and advice? Introduction This leaflet explains kidney failure and what to expect when your child comes to Great Ormond Street Hospital for treatment. What is kidney failure? Kidneys are responsible for filtering blood and excreting waste products and excess water in the form of urine. This controls the body's water and salt balance and regulates blood pressure. Kidney failure happens when one or both of your child's kidneys stop working properly. This leads to uraemia (build up of waste products) and other symptoms of varying severity depending on the extent to which the kidneys have failed. Why do kidneys fail? Kidney failure can happen for many reasons. Your child may have had an infection which affected the kidneys, or there may have been a problem present from birth (congenital). Kidney damage can also be caused by trauma, for example a direct blow to the kidneys. How do kidneys fail?

44. CNN.com - Common Causes Of Kidney Failure - May 31, 2002 CNN http://cnn.com/2002/HEALTH/05/29/ask.kidney/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 Common causes of kidney failure Editor's Note: Dr. Sanjay Gupta answers medical questions submitted by e-mail at 2:30 p.m. EDT Saturdays on "Your Health." The questions and answers are available on CNN.com after the show. Q: What are the causes of kidney failure? Yaqub in Abuja, Nigeria A: Kidney failure, or chronic renal failure, is actually reduced kidney function. The kidneys' functions include removing waste from the body, maintaining the body's chemical balance and producing hormones. Many medical conditions or diseases can cause a loss of kidney function, with diabetes and high blood pressure as the two most common causes of chronic renal failure. With diabetes, high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the kidneys. Other conditions such as long-term inflammation of the kidneys, large kidney cysts and blocked urine flow can cause chronic renal failure.

45. Kidney Failure: Your Child's Special Diet Factsheet kidney failure Your child s special diet. When your child has kidney failure Too little protein causes Too much protein forms excess urea which causes http://www.ich.ucl.ac.uk/factsheets/test_procedure_operations/kidney_failure_die

Please use the indexes below to find the factsheet you need. Or search the full alphabetical index: Top Top Top Top Kidney Failure: Your child's special diet Contents Introduction How does food affect my child's kidney function? Protein Salt ... Phosphate Introduction This leaflet explains the special diet needed when your child has kidney failure. How does food affect my child's kidney function? Food gives energy and helps the body repair itself. When food is eaten, enzymes present in the mouth, stomach and intestines begin working to break it down in tiny molecules. Nutrients are then absorbed into the bloodstream and carried to cells around the body. Waste products are passed back into the bloodstream and carried to the kidneys. Healthy kidneys filter off these waste products which are then excreted in urine. As your child's kidneys are not working properly, they are not filtering waste effectively. This leads to a build-up of waste which can make your child feel ill and causes damage. To help deal with this, your child's diet may need to be adjusted by a dietitian - a person specially trained in diet and nutrition. A dietitian will give you individual and specific advice on how much of any one food your child can eat. This leaflet explains the basics about which foods contain which of the nutrients that may be limited in your child's special kidney diet.

46. Women More Likely To Suffer Kidney Failure After Heart Surgery CNN http://cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/conditions/10/14/women.kidneys.reut/index.html

47. Painkillers Not Linked To Kidney Failure CNN http://cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/conditions/07/18/painkillers.kidneys.ap/index.html

48. Kidney Problems - Kidney Transplant kidney failure and Disease kidney failure with no symptoms kidney failure Renal Amyloidosis Kidney problems and dry vs wet cat food Kidney problems in cats http://www.vetinfo.com/ckidney.html

Please note: The information on our site is for everyone to read. Please use it as often as you like. However, Ask Dr Mike is available only to subscribers of our Vetinfo Digest. Please do not send questions if you are not a subscriber. Please use the search engine or one of the indexes to see if the information you need is already online. Please see Subscriber info for details. Subscriber Info The income from the subscriptions helps defray the cost of maintaining the site and allows us to keep the large amount of information on www.vetinfo.com free to our readers. Kidney Failure and Disease Kidney failure with no symptoms Kidney Failure Renal Amyloidosis Kidney problems and dry vs wet cat food ... Kidney dialysis and transplantation also see Renal failure also see Urinary also see CRF Treatment also see Liver Disease also see Hepatic Lipidosis also see this excellent site on feline renal failure - http://www.felinecrf.com Kidney Failure with no symptoms Question: Hi Doc: I brought my 18-20 year old cat, Romeo (male, neutered) in for a check up last week and we ran a blood profile because of his age. His BUN was 103

49. BP Pills Delay Diabetic Kidney Failure CNN http://cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/conditions/09/19/diabetes.kidney.failure.ap/index.htm

50. Healthy Pet | Illness And Disease: Kidney Failure kidney failure, What is kidney failure? kidney failure, also known as renal failure, results from the inability of the kidneys to function properly. http://www.healthypet.com/Library/illness-14.html

Illness and Disease: Kidney Failure What is kidney failure? Kidney failure, also known as renal failure, results from the inability of the kidneys to function properly. When they are healthy, kidneys perform several functions, including removing the waste products of metabolism from your pet’s blood, regulating the volume and composition of body fluids, producing hormones that stimulate production of red blood cells, and controlling blood pressure. Once the kidneys do their job, the by-products produced as a result of the metabolic process are excreted in the form of urine. There are two kinds of kidney failure. The first is known as chronic kidney failure, which occurs when the kidneys can no longer perform the crucial functions of excreting waste products, producing hormones, and regulating the chemical composition of body fluids. In this case, kidney function decreases slowly over a long period of time, which means the physical signs may appear gradually. The second type is known as acute kidney failure. It is characterized by an abrupt decline in kidney function that leads to changes in body chemistry, including alterations in fluid and mineral balances. These changes negatively affect almost every system in the body. The physical signs are more dramatic with acute kidney failure because kidney function declines quickly.

51. Welcome To K A N T I . C O M Facilities for the treatment of kidney failure and related diseases. http://www.kanti.com/

Kanti News -BBC Interview Kanti News -BBC Interview

52. Kidney Failure And Disease In The Dog And Cat At ThePetCenter.com kidney failure and renal disease information in the dog and cat are presented in ThePetCenter.com. kidney failure IN THE DOG AND CAT. kidney failure http://www.thepetcenter.com/gen/kf.html

ThePetCenter.com The Internet Animal Hospital Your pet health care website written by veterinarians. KIDNEY FAILURE IN THE DOG AND CAT Kidney failure... kidney disease in the dog and cat is a common and difficult disorder to manage. Often called CRF Chronic Renal Failure, it is seen most often in the older dog or cat. Kidney failure has it origins in a wide variety of causes. For example, some animals are born with poorly constructed or functioning kidneys and never reach totally optimum health. Eventually, these individuals usually fall into kidney failure at an early age. Another type of kidney failure can occur after accidental ingestion of antifreeze that contains ethylene glycol. These situations cause sudden and often irreversible renal (kidney) failure. Quite commonly, kidney failure results from low grade, long term (chronic) inflammation of kidney tissues called chronic nephritis ; the damage caused by this inflammation renders permanent damage to delicate renal tissues that are not able to repair themselves or heal as some other body tissues do. Eventually, not enough normal functioning tissue remains to support the body's need for metabolic regulation and waste elimination. The dog or cat becomes UREMIC, a condition where body waste material builds up in the blood. These toxins promote vomiting, poor appetite, depression, and eventually death. Bacterial invasion of the kidneys is a common cause of chronic nephritis and kidney failure. Quick Links To Topics NORMAL KIDNEY PHYSIOLOGY

53. Welcome To Nefron Limited Provides kidney dialysis. Organization aims to address the challenge of kidney failure and dialysis setup in India. Includes organization profile, F.A.Qs, knowledge bank, and a photo gallery. http://www.nefrondialysis.com

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54. Kidney Failure (renal Failure) kidney failure (renal failure). Acute kidney failure means that the kidneys stop working within the space of several hours or days. http://www.drlockie.com/disease/kidneyf.htm

Kidney failure (renal failure) May be acute or chronic, involving a sudden or gradual build-up of water and waste products in the blood. Acute kidney failure means that the kidneys stop working within the space of several hours or days. Cause may be Shock (usually due to heavy blood loss or a heart attack), sudden blockage of the ureters, bladder, or urethra (by Kidney stones , for example), or, more rarely, Glomerulonephritis (widespread damage to filtering units in kidneys). Symptoms may be secondary to those of immediate cause, but include scanty urine, loss of appetite (see Appetite changes Nausea and vomiting, and eventually Confusion , abnormal sleepiness or drowsiness, and coma. Orthodox treatment depends on underlying cause; to restore kidney function, person may need intravenous drip of blood or plasma, and diuretic drugs; in more severe cases, several weeks of dialysis (machine- assisted elimination of water and wastes) may be necessary, or even a kidney transplant; to assist recovery, a high calorie/low protein/low fluid regime is prescribed, together with careful monitoring of potassium and sodium levels. If failure symptoms follow severe blood loss or heart attack

55. Baxter U.S. - Kidney Disease kidney failure, when kidney function operates below 20 percent of normal function, is initially noticed when the body does not produce urine normally. http://www.baxter.com/conditions/sub/renal_failure.html

Conditions Therapies Products Services ... Baxter Worldwide > United States Professional Education Sustainability Contact Us < Back To Conditions ... Kidney Disease Kidney Disease Home Conditions It is estimated that more than 1.2 million people worldwide suffer from end-stage renal disease (ESRD), a number that is growing at a rate of approximately six-to-seven percent annually. Additionally, the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) predicts that the number of kidney failure patients in the U.S. will double in the next ten years. This growth is influenced in part by diseases associated with the aging population such as diabetes and high blood pressure, two leading causes of ESRD. Current treatment options for ESRD include peritoneal dialysis (PD), hemodialysis (HD) and kidney transplantation. Worldwide, more than one million people suffering from chronic kidney failure are treated with some form of dialysis. However, approximately three million people with kidney failure currently go undiagnosed or untreated, particularly in developing countries. Baxter is committed to helping kidney disease patients across the globe receive the best treatment options available to them. Chronic Kidney Failure Chronic kidney failure occurs when the kidneys are slowly damaged - this damage is over the long term and is not reversible. Most people with chronic kidney failure will require treatment to replace the function of their own kidneys.

56. Kidneywise - Support For Patients With Kidney Disease A community site for patients with kidney disease or kidney failure. Answers basics kidney function questions and covers kidney treatment and care. http://www.kidneywise.com/

Kidneywise is for kidney patients, their families and carers and is here to provide you with support through life's ups and downs Questions about your kidneys? You will find a complete guide to the kidneys in the Kidney Basics section. We cover where they are, what they do and what can go wrong... Start your tour here This section looks at what happens when kidneys fail and what can be done to make your life comfortable... Visit our treatment guide What's happening and what's on? Regularly updated worldwide and local news, charity meetings and social events... Find an event near you First time visitor Start here! A complete guide to support organisations, travel companies, places to visit and places to eat. Tips, help and advice on benefits, travel, diet and your opportunity to meet others in Chatwise, the kidneywise discussion forum. Kidney Basics About Kidneywise Kidneywise Community News and Events ... Editorial Board This page was last updated on 6 December 2001 Kidneywise.com Online Community

57. KFOC - Your Child Chronic Kidney Failure Your Child Chronic kidney failure Adobe PDFs Introduction. What do the kidneys do? What is chronic kidney failure? What causes chronic kidney failure? http://www.kidney.ca/english/publications/booklets/yourchild/yourchild.htm

Profile Programs Volunteering Offices ... Main Page This 36-page booklet was produced by The Kidney Foundation of Canada as an information tool for parents of children suffering from chronic kidney failure. The booklet covers major topics on the management and treatment of chronic kidney failure in children, and is available in English and French. Adobe PDFs: Introduction What do the kidneys do? What is chronic kidney failure? What causes chronic kidney failure? ... What is the treatment? An overview... What check-ups and tests will be needed? Some common tests Some special tests Diet and dietary supplements Why is diet important? Protein Energy Salt (sodium) Potassium Calcium and phosphate Fluid Vitamins and minerals Nutrition supplements Other methods of feeding Growth failure Medications Helpful hints about medications Important warnings about medications Teeth Dialysis An overview... Peritoneal dialysis Hemodialysis Transplantation Why transplantation is the preferred treatment for children What types of kidney transplants are possible?

58. KFOC - Treating Kidney Failure Treating kidney failure. The kidneys are the master chemists of the body. Acute kidney failure occurs when your kidneys fail suddenly. http://www.kidney.ca/english/publications/brochures/treatingkidney/treatingkidne

Profile Programs Volunteering Offices ... Main Page Treating Kidney Failure The kidneys are the master chemists of the body. Normally you have two kidneys, one on either side of your spine under your lower ribs. They are reddish brown in colour and shaped like kidney beans. Each kidney is about the size of a clenched fist. Kidneys are as important to your health as your heart, liver or lungs. Kidneys remove wastes from the blood via the urine. They regulate the levels of water and different minerals needed by the body for good health. They also produce hormones that control other body functions such as blood pressure. Many other organs depend on the kidneys in order to work properly. When kidney function is no longer adequate, dialysis treatment or a kidney transplant is needed to keep on living. Acute kidney failure occurs when your kidneys fail suddenly. In this situation, kidney function usually returns to normal, but dialysis may be needed until the kidneys begin to work again. There are a number of reasons why acute kidney failure happens. Slow and progressive deterioration of kidney function is called chronic kidney failure or chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) . It is usually irreversible. Chronic kidney failure occurs when the tiny filters in the kidney (nephrons) that remove wastes stop working. Damage to the nephrons can be caused by conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure. In some cases, good control of these conditions may slow or even prevent the development of complete kidney failure.

59. What Causes Kidney Failure? What causes kidney failure? The leading causes of kidney failure in the UK are diabetes and high blood pressure. Early diagnosis http://www.kidneywise.com/basics/kidneys/causes.asp

Where am I? Home Basics Kidneys document.write(document.title); About the Kidneys What causes kidney failure? The leading causes of kidney failure in the UK are diabetes and high blood pressure. Early diagnosis and careful management of these conditions can delay and even prevent the onset of kidney failure. This section looks at these and other causes of kidney disease and discusses ways it may be possible to keep the kidneys functioning for longer. It is important to remember that many people develop kidney failure for no known reason, so it is always important to seek medical advice if you experience any symptoms. These are the most common causes of chronic kidney failure. Click on any of these causes for more information. Diabetes - high levels of blood glucose (blood sugar) can damage the kidneys. High blood pressure - this is a cause of kidney failure in itself, but can also occur because of existing kidney damage and, if left untreated, leads to further damage and progression of kidney failure. Nephritis - this is when there is inflammation of the glomeruli , which are part of the filtration unit of the kidneys.

60. Treatment Of Kidney Failure How is kidney failure treated? While there is currently no absolute cure for kidney failure, there are several different treatments available. http://www.kidneywise.com/treatment/kftreat/index.asp

Where am I? Home document.write(document.title); Treatment of kidney failure How is kidney failure treated? While there is currently no absolute cure for kidney failure, there are several different treatments available. Monitoring and Predialysis - while the kidneys are still working well enough, the medical team will work with patients to control their symptoms and preserve the remaining function of their kidneys for as long as possible. This is done with medication (eg to control high blood pressure and control renal bone disease, and prevent anaemia) and dietary advice. Dialysis in one form or another is the most common treatment. It is the medical word for the artificial process of filtering of wastes and removal of fluid from your body - the functions the kidneys are no longer able to adequately perform. There are two different types of dialysis - peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis Transplant of a healthy kidney from a donor is the treatment option which most closely resembles normal kidney function. A successful transplant (and the operation has a good success rate) is without doubt the best treatment for a patient with kidney failure. It provides much more efficient kidney function than dialysis, so patients feel better and have more energy. However, some patients are not suitable for transplant and there is a waiting list for suitable donor kidneys to become available.

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