81. Frequently Asked Questions On Graves' Disease & Hyperthyroidism / Thyroid Diseas Frequently Asked Questions on graves disease Hyperthyroidism Common Questions Patients Ask. graves disease is the most common type of hyperthyroidism. http://www.thyroid-info.com/articles/hyperthyroidism-faq.htm

Sticking Out Our Necks, the FREE Monthly Thyroid News Report, Enter your email address here for a free subscription Or Click Here to Send a "Subscribe" Email Home Newsletters Bookstore ... ARTICLES Latest Update: SEARCH SITE Common Questions Patients Ask by Mary Shomon If you have been diagnosed as having hyperthyroidism, or suspect that you suffer from this condition, you probably have a number of questions, including: What is hyperthyroidism? Is it contagious? What causes hyperthyroidism? I thought that hyperthyroidism and Graves' Disease were the same? ... How common is an autoimmune problem that results in some form of hyperthyroidism? Just what causes this problem in the immune system to occur? How does the environment make the immune system go wrong? How can I recognize Graves' Disease? How does Graves' Disease affect the eyes? ... I don't really like the idea of the drugs or surgery or radiation. Are there any alternatives? What is hyperthyroidism? Hyperthyroidism is an overfunctioning of the thyroid gland. This overfunctioning results in the production of too much thyroid hormone. Because the thyroid hormone controls many bodily functions, this increase in the thyroid hormone level causes these bodily functions, such as heartrate, or in some cases blood pressure, to increase, sometimes to very dangerous levels. Is it contagious?

82. Graves' Disease A Practical Guide, By Elaine Moore -- Thyroid Disease Informatio graves disease A Practical Guide An Interview With Author Elaine Moore. Elaine I go into great detail explaining how and why graves disease develops. http://www.thyroid-info.com/gravesbook.htm

Sticking Out Our Necks, the FREE Monthly Thyroid News Report, Enter your email address here for a free subscription Or Click Here to Send a "Subscribe" Email Home Newsletters Bookstore ... BOOKSTORE Latest Update: SEARCH SITE Graves' Disease: A Practical Guide An Interview With Author Elaine Moore Review and Information from Mary Shomon In this interview, Elaine Moore, author of a wonderful new book, Graves' Disease A Practical Guide, shares some thoughts about Graves' disease, and information about this recently published book, which I personally believe should be on the bookshelf of every patient with Graves' or hyperthyroidism, and every practitioner who treats them! Mary: First, Elaine, many congratulations on the book. I'm very excited to see such a comprehensive, unbiased book on Graves' available to patients, and I've been recommending it to people who write me looking for Graves' disease information. What in particular motivated you to dedicate such tremendous effort to writing Graves' Disease A Practical Guide?

83. Thyroid Eye Disease Review of graves' ophthalmopathy, including symptoms, treatments, information and resources. http://thyroid.about.com/library/weekly/aa091399.htm?once=true&

84. Graves' - Treatment Of Children And Neonates Special considerations in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis in children and therapy of childhood graves' disease. http://www.thyroidmanager.org/Chapter11/11_children.htm

Special Considerations in the Treatment of Thyrotoxicosis in Children Thyrotoxicosis may occur in any age group but is unusual in the first five years of life. The same remarkable preponderance of the disease in females over males is observed in children as in the adult population, and the signs and symptoms of the disease are similar in most respects. Behavioral symptoms frequently predominate in children and produce difficulty in school or problems in relationships within the family. Thyrotoxic children are tall for their age, probably as an effect of the disease. These children are restored to a normal height/age ratio after successful therapy for the thyrotoxicosis. Permanent brain damage and craniosynostosis are reported as complications of early childhood thyrotoxicosis( ). Bone age is also often advanced. No more is known about the cause of the disease in children than in adults. Diagnosis rests upon eliciting a typical history and signs and upon the standard laboratory test results. Normal values for children are not the same as for adults during the first weeks of life, and these differences, as noted in Chapter 6 , should be taken into account.

85. Graves Disease graves disease. What is it? graves disease, the most common type of hyperthyroidism, is characterized by general overactivity of the thyroid gland. http://www.hmc.psu.edu/healthinfo/g/graves.htm

86. Graves' Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis) | Graves' Disease | Hyperthyroidism | R graves disease. graves disease is named after the Irish physician who described several cases in the London Medical Journal in 1835. http://www.thyroid.ca/Guides/HG06.html

Home I Search I Contact Us I To Join I ... Version française Health Guides on Thyroid Disease #6 Graves' Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis) Index to this Health Guide Graves Disease Thyroid Stimulating Antibody Clinical Features Treatment ... Other Causes of Hyperthyroidism Graves' Disease Graves' disease is named after the Irish physician who described several cases in the London Medical Journal in 1835. It was actually first described by Parry a few years earlier. In Europe the disease is known as Basedow's disease. In all countries it is also known as "thyrotoxicosis". Graves' disease, by far the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in Canada, affects perhaps one in every 100 people. It appears to be becoming even more common. The disease is an inherited disorder, although not every member of the afflicted families will suffer this condition. It is more common in females than in males. Top Thyroid Stimulating Antibody Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder. It is caused by an abnormal protein, called thyroid stimulating antibody. This antibody stimulates the thyroid gland to produce large amounts of thyroid hormone in an uncontrolled manner. In normal people, the production of thyroid stimulating antibody (and other abnormal antibodies) is prevented by a surveillance system. This system consists of certain blood cells called suppressor and helper lymphocytes and Killer (K) cells, as well as other constituents. The suppressor lymphocytes suppress unwanted lymphocytes. Measurement of the thyroid stimulating antibody present in the blood of most patients with Graves' disease is not usually necessary, in order to establish the diagnosis.

87. Graves' Opthalmopathy - VisionChannel Learn about diagnosis and treatment of graves' Ophthalmopathy and graves' disease. graves' Ophthalmopathy may occur long before, at the same time as, or long after thyroid disease is diagnosed and treated. http://www.visionchannel.net/graves/

Home Search SiteMap Ask the Dr. ... Medical Store advertisement GRAVES' OPHTHALMOPATHY Overview Risk Factors Symptoms Diagnosis ... Treatment CONDITIONS Amblyopia (lazy eye) Blepharitis Cataracts Color Vision Deficiency ... Refractive Errors Correction Retinal Detachment Retinitis Pigmentosa Retinopathy of Prematurity Skin Cancer of the Eyelids Tear Duct Obstruction RESOURCES Anatomy Basic Eye Exam Clinical Trials Links ... What Is an Ophthalmologist? What Is an Optometrist? What Is an Optician? Videos ABOUT US Healthcommunities.com Pressroom Bibliography Overview Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is a condition that primarily affects the extraocular muscles, the muscles that rotate the eyeball up, down, and to the sides. It is closely associated with Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder that causes the thyroid to produce excess thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). Graves’ ophthalmopathy is also known as thyroid eye disease or thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. In GO, an unknown antigen (substance that triggers an immune response) activates lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell), which infiltrate extraocular muscle tissue and other orbital tissues, producing inflammation and causing the tissues to swell. The swollen eye muscles force the eyeball to bulge out of the bony orbit (i.e., eye socket). GO and Graves’ disease are two separate conditions that run independent courses. GO may occur long before, at the same time as, or long after thyroid disease is diagnosed and treated. Although most patients with Graves’ disease have Graves’ ophthalmopathy, about 10% of patients with GO have normal thyroid function.

88. Thyroid Ophthalmopathy Thyroid Ophthalmopathy (graves’ disease) Signs Most patients with ocular graves’ disease manifest systemic hyperthyroidism. Up http://www.revoptom.com/handbook/SECT62a.HTM

Signs and Symptoms Pathophysiology The histopathologic features of the malady include an infiltration of the thyroid gland, skin, extraocular muscles and orbital fat by lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, mast cells and mucopolysaccharides. These changes are characteristic of, but not limited to, an immunologically mediated mechanism. Management presence of known hyperthyroidism. If symptoms are present and a systemic etiology has not been investigated, consultation with an endocrinologist and laboratory testing for thyroid hormones T3 (triiodothyronine), T4 (tetra-iodothyronine) and TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) are indicated. Neuroimaging of the orbits in patients with exophthalmos and positive forced duction testing allows clinicians to distinguish extraocular muscle infiltration from inflammatory or infectious myositis. Since the primary concern proptosis and lid retraction presents is corneal exposure, ocular management is predominantly supportive. Typically, moistening the cornea with artificial tear drops and ointments is effective. Moisture shields that can be attached to the temples of spectacles help to preserve tears and retard tear evaporation. Punctal occlusion may be effective. Cases that involve moderate to severe keratopathy may require prophylactic topical antibiotics. Visual fields should be performed on patients with advanced stage disease, monitoring for the first sign of sight or field loss. Evaluation is usually every three to six months and is based upon severity.

89. SupportPath.com: Graves' Disease SupportPath.com, graves disease. Also called Exopthalmic Goiter, Thyrotoxicosis, Toxic Goiter. None Listed. Clinical Trials Research on graves disease http://www.supportpath.com/sl_g/graves_disease.htm

Graves' Disease Also called: Exopthalmic Goiter, Thyrotoxicosis, Toxic Goiter Other topics of interest on SupportPath.com: Hypothyroidism Nutrition Osteoporosis Visual Impairment / Blindness ... here Online Chats... All listed times are in Eastern Time (ET) . (Use the Time Zone Converter to determine the time for your location.) While we strive to keep our schedule up-to-date, changes in groups and/or group schedules may occur after the group is listed here. Please read the information at the links provided under "For More Info" in advance of the group's start time for any changes in the group's schedule, registration requirements, etc. To add a chat/event to our listings, send us email Read our Tips for Chatting Safely page. View our Online Events Calendar for a list of chats by topic. Graves' Disease Chat Calendar Day / Time Title / Topic For More Info MON 9:00 PM "Graves' Disease and Thyroid Discussion" Mediboard WED 11:00 PM "Thyroid Disorders and You" MDAdvice.com Online Communities / Message Boards... HealingWell.com: Thyroid Disorders Website: Description: Part of the HealingWell.com

90. Graves' Disease Note All links within content go to MayoClinic.com. diseases and Conditions. graves disease. graves disease is the most common form of hyperthyroidism. http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/DS/00181.html

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Services CNNtoGO Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com In association with: DIABETES AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Endocrine System Graves' disease Goiter Male hypogonadism Hyperthyroidism ... Prolactinoma INFORMATION CENTERS: Pick a category Health Centers Family Health Men's Health Women's Health Children's Health Seniors' Health Working Life Pain Management Condition Centers Immune System Allergy Alzheimer's Arthritis Respiratory System Cancer Endocrine System Digestive System Heart and Blood Infectious Disease Mental Health Note: All links within content go to MayoClinic.com Diseases and Conditions Graves' disease From MayoClinic.com Special to CNN.com Overview Graves' disease is the most common form of hyperthyroidism. It occurs when your immune system, which normally protects your body from bacteria and viruses, mistakenly attacks your thyroid gland and causes it to overproduce the thyroid hormone, thyroxine. This autoimmune response can also affect the tissue behind your eyes (Graves' ophthalmopathy) and the skin on your lower legs and feet (Graves' dermopathy). When you have too much thyroid hormone in your system, your body's metabolism rate can increase by 60 percent to 100 percent, because thyroxine regulates your cells' metabolism. A higher metabolism can lead to a number of health problems, such as an irregular heartbeat or anxiety.

91. Thyrolink Information regarding graves' disease as the leading cause of hyperthyroidism as well as other causes. Thyrolink provided by Merck KGaA. http://www.thyrolink.com/patients/english.html

92. Untitled From the American Autoimmune Related diseases Association. Overview of graves' disease, symptoms and complications. http://www.aarda.org/indexf.html

93. Information On Hypothyroidism (causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment) Produced Anatomy of the thyroid gland. Explanation of graves' disease as the leading cause of hyperthyroidism. http://www.focusonthyroid.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=391

94. Graves’ Disease graves disease is an autoimmune disease (one in which the immune system targets certain tissues and attacks them) that causes overactivity of the thyroid http://www.pennhealth.com/ency/article/000358.htm

Search Encyclopedia: List of Topics Print This Page  Endocrinology Graves’ disease Endocrine glands Thyroid enlargement - scintiscan Graves' disease Thyroid gland Definition: Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease (one in which the immune system targets certain tissues and attacks them) that causes overactivity of the thyroid gland ( hyperthyroidism Alternative Names: Diffuse thyrotoxic goiter Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Located in the front of the neck just below the larynx (voicebox), the thyroid gland is an important organ of the endocrine system. The thyroid secretes the hormones thyroxine ) and triiodothyronine ), which control body metabolism . Regulation of metabolism is critical in controlling mood, weight and mental and physical energy levels. Thyroid disorders caused by overproduction of thyroid hormones are called hyperthyroidism , and underproduction of these hormones is known as hypothyroidism Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. The production of thyroid hormone is increased, causing a wide range of symptoms from anxiety and restlessness to insomnia and weight loss. In addition, the eyeballs may begin to protrude ( exophthalmos ) causing irritation and tearing.

95. Graves' Disease Frequently asked questions about graves' disease. http://www.4woman.org/faq/graves.htm

Search our database by Health Topic or enter your own keywords GRAVES' DISEASE What is an autoimmune disease? What are the symptoms of Graves' Disease? How do I know if I have this disease? What is the treatment for this disease? ... What could happen if this disease is left untreated? See also . . . Autoimmune Diseases Thyroid Disease Graves' Disease is a type of autoimmune disease in which the immune system over stimulates the thyroid gland, causing hyperthyroidism . Over-activity of the thyroid gland is also sometimes called "diffuse toxic goiter." The thyroid gland helps set the rate of metabolism (the rate at which the body uses energy), and when it is over-stimulated, it produces more thyroid hormones than the body needs. High levels of thyroid hormones can cause difficult side effects. This is an extremely rare disease that tends to affect women over the age of 20. The incidence is about 5 in 10,000 people. What is an autoimmune disease? An autoimmune disease occurs when the body's immune system becomes misdirected and attacks the very organs, cells, or tissues that it was designed to protect. About 75% of autoimmune diseases occur in women, most frequently during their childbearing years. What are the symptoms of Graves' Disease?

96. Graves' Disease Also referred to as diffuse thyrotoxic goiter What is it? graves’ disease is the most common cause of overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/conditions/graves.html

TESTS Test not listed? A/G Ratio ACE ACT ACTH AFB Culture AFP Maternal AFP Tumor Marker Albumin Aldosterone Allergies ALP Alpha-1 Antitrypsin ALT Amylase ANA Antibody Tests Apo A Apo B ApoE Genotyping aPTT AST Autoantibodies Bilirubin Blood Culture Blood Gases Blood Smear BMP BNP Bone Markers BRCA BUN C-peptide CA-125 CA 15-3 CA 19-9 Calcium Cardiac Risk CBC CEA Celiac Disease Tests CF Gene Mutation Chlamydia Chloride Cholesterol CK CK-MB CMP CMV Coagulation Factors Complement Levels Cortisol Creatinine Creatinine Clearance CRP CRP, high-sensitivity Cystatin C D-dimer DHEAS Differential DLDL EGFR Electrolytes Electrophoresis ESR Estrogen Estrogen Receptors Factor V Leiden Fecal Occult Blood Ferritin fFN Fibrinogen Flu Tests Folate Fructosamine FSH Genotypic Resistance GFR GGT Glucose Gonorrhea Gram Stain Growth Hormone H-pylori hCG HDL Hematocrit Hemoglobin Hemoglobin Variants Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Her-2/neu Herpes HIV Antibody HLA-B27 Home Tests Homocysteine HPV hs-CRP IGF-1

97. Entrez PubMed Medical Abstract from BMC Nuclear Med regarding the optimal dose of I131 for treatment of graves' disease. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&lis

98. Graves' Disease ~ My Personal War! Personal site by a graves' disease sufferer. Discusses the importance of early detection and correct diagnosis. http://mypersonalwar.tripod.com/

var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "tripod.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Enter this site using the version of your choice: For any browser: For 3.0 or higher: For 4.0 or higher: No Frames Frames Crescendo Jukebox Midi Jukebox ... Midi Jukebox ~ All Beatles! This Site Last Updated March 12, 2003 Yes - One Year Later! This site has been designed to suit most browsers. Best screen resolution: 800 x 600 Best browser to enable all features: Internet Explorer 4.0 or higher The author is a member of You are visitor number since April 30, 1997

99. New Insight Into Graves' Disease - Health And Medical Information: Diseases And MedicineNet Home New Insight into graves disease. Advanced Search. New Insight into graves disease. By Amanda Gardner HealthDay Reporter http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=28904

100. Thyroid Disease And The Eye American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery provides information about how graves' disease affects the eye and treatments including orbital decompression, eye muscle surgery, eyelid surgery and prisms. http://www.asoprs.org/Pages/thyroid.html

The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Thyroid Disease and the Eye Graves' disease, a condition in which the thyroid gland is hyperactive, is rarely a life-threatening condition. Although Graves' disease may develop at any age and in either sex, it most often affects women 20 to 60 years old. The disease can affect the thyroid gland, eyes, and skin. Unfortunately, the cause of Graves' disease is unknown. Current research, however, suggests that a defect in the immune system may be the underlying cause of the disorder. Normally, the immune system uses antibodies (protein substances that the body makes) to help protect itself against viruses, bacteria, and foreign substances (antigens) that invade the body. In Graves' disease the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, eyes, and skin of the lower legs causing the disease's symptoms. The Thyroid Gland The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located just in front and on each side of the windpipe just above the breast bone. The gland releases chemical messengers called hormones into the blood. These hormones influence body processes such as: Rate of metabolism Body temperature Muscle tone and vigor Growth hormone secretions Normally thyroid activity is directed by the pituitary gland. In Graves' disease the thyroid is instead driven by an antibody. This antibody triggers the thyroid to become overactive and produce more hormones than the body needs. Symptoms of this overactivity, called hyperthyroidism, may include:

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