21. The Digestive Disorders Foundation UK charity with a good range of online information, including constipation, diarrhoea, irritable bowel disease, liver disease, colitis, gallstones and cancer. http://www.digestivedisorders.org.uk/

Your browser does not support script Every year hundreds of thousands of UK citizens suffer from digestive disorders ranging from food allergies to digestive cancers. The Digestive Disorders Foundation is the only national charity that covers the entire range of digestive disorders. The DDF relies on donations to fund this work. The DDF aims... To fund research in order to prevent, cure or treat digestive disorders To provide information for sufferers, their families and friends To increase the knowledge of the symptoms of digestive disorders and urge those experiencing those symptoms to seek a swift diagnosis The DDF's website welcomes over 350,000 visitors per annum, including people who have digestive disorders and health professionals, who value the information contained on the site. If you would like to sponsor the site please contact mark@digestivedisorders.org.uk This site is maintained by JDA Multimedia Ltd. as a commitment to this charity. : The DDF has made all reasonable efforts to ensure the accuracy of the information on this site, but can take no responsibility for your use of it. Nor can the DDF take responsibility for anything contained in other linked sites. The purpose of the site is informational and educational, and it is not a substitute for medical advice. If you are in any doubt as to your medical condition, or if you are in need of advice, you should consult your doctor or other health professional. Please note that the materials on this site are intended primarily for the use of persons accessing it from within the UK

22. Gallstones a CHORUS notecard document about gallstones Disclaimer. Feedback. Search. gallstones. cholesterol. most common http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/doc/00445.html

CHORUS Collaborative Hypertext of Radiology Liver and biliary system Feedback Search gallstones cholesterol most common non-opaque calcium bilirubinate ("bilirubin") opaque a/w hemolytic anemia (SSD, spherocytosis, etc.) increased incidence with: 4 Fs: fat, female, fertile, flatulent sickle cell disease (bilirubin) cirrhosis Crohn disease diabetes pancreatic disease hyperparathyroidism Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD - 6 February 1995 Last updated 26 May 2004 Medical College of Wisconsin

23. The American Gastroenterological Association - Clinical Resources (Patient Broch gallstones. treatments. What are gallstones and How Do They Form? gallstones are pieces of hard solid matter in the gallbladder. They http://www.gastro.org/clinicalRes/brochures/gallstones.html

Gallstones What are Gallstones and How Do They Form? What are the Symptoms of Gallstones? What Tests are Used to Diagnose Gallstones? What Treatments are Available for Gallstones? ... What are Alternatives To Cholecystectomy? The gallbladder is a sac, about the size and shape of a pear, which lies on the undersurface of the liver in the upper right-hand portion of the abdominal cavity. It is connected to the liver and the intestine by a series of small tubes, or ducts. The primary job of the gallbladder is to store bile, which is produced and secreted continuously by the liver, until the bile is needed to aid in digestion. After a meal, the gallbladder contracts and sends the bile into the intestine. When digestion of the meal is over, the gallbladder relaxes and once again begins to store bile. Bile is a brown liquid which contains bile salts, cholesterol, bilirubin, and lecithin. About three cups are produced by the liver every day. Some substances in bile, including bile salts and lecithin, act like detergents to break up fat so that it can be easily digested. Others, like bilirubin, are waste products. Bilirubin is a dark brown substance which gives a brown color to both bile and to stool. Gallstone disease is a common medical problem, affecting 10 to 15 percent of the population of the United States or more than 25 million people.

24. German Makes Gallstone World Record Bid CNN http://cnn.com/2003/WORLD/europe/07/03/offbeat.gallstones.reut/index.html

25. Gallstones gallstones AND LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement September 1416, 1992 statement was originally published as gallstones and http://www.lowcarb.org/gallstns.html

90. GALLSTONES AND LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement September 14-16, 1992 This statement was originally published as: Gallstones and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, NIH Consens Statement 1992 Sep 14-16;10(3):1-20. For making bibliographic reference to the statement in the electronic form displayed here, it is recommended that the following format be used: Gallstones and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, NIH Consens Statement Online 1992 Sep 14-16 [cited year month day];10(3):1-20. ABSTRACT Among their findings, the panel concluded that (1) most patients who experience symptoms of gallstones should be treated; (2) in comparison with open cholecystectomy, laparoscopic cholecystectomy provides a safe and effective treatment for most patients with symptomatic gallstones and has become the treatment of choice for many patients; (3) patients who are not good candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy include those with generalized peritonitis, septic shock from cholangitis, severe acute pancreatitis, endstage cirrhosis of the liver, and gallbladder cancer; (4) laparoscopic cholecystectomy decreases pain and disability without increasing mortality and morbidity and can be performed at an equal or lower cost than open cholecystectomy; and (5) every effort should be made to ensure that surgeons performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy are properly trained and credentialed.

26. CDD: Gallstones The LEEDS Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust. gallstones. gallstones (calculi) are formed from bile in the gallbladder. Back to Index. gallstones. http://www.limit.ac.uk/gallstones.htm

Centre for Digestive Diseases The LEEDS Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust GALLSTONES Gallstones (calculi) are formed from bile in the gallbladder. They are very common, and do not always cause problems. However, they can cause a range of minor to serious diseases. This page explains why they form, how they are diagnosed, and how they can be treated. INDEX Bile The gallbladder Gallstones What diseases can gallstones cause? ... What treatments are possible? BILE The liver is the largest gland in the body, and controls the metabolism. As a result, waste substances are released in a liquid called bile (gall). Bile includes cholesterol (in a different form to that circulating in the blood), bile pigments which colour the bile yellow-brown, and bile salts needed for digestion. The liver produces up to three cups of bile per day. Apart from getting rid of waste, bile has an essential action as a detergent to dissolve fats from food so that they can be digested properly. Bile passes through a series of tubes called the bile ducts, which lead it from the liver to the gut. About halfway down the bile duct, there is a side alley leading to the gallbladder. Back to Index THE GALLBLADDER The gallbladder is a small pear-shaped bag located beneath the liver on the right side of the abdomen.

27. CNN - Exercise May Reduce Gallbladder Disease Risk - September 8, 1999 CNN http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/women/9909/08/gallstones/index.html

[an error occurred while processing this directive] MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. LOCAL ... daily almanac MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists. Enter your address: document.write(' '); Or: Get a free e-mail account E-MAIL DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: AsiaNow Svenska Norge Danmark ... Italian FASTER ACCESS: europe japan TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: more networks transcripts SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: health women > story page Exercise may reduce gallbladder disease risk September 8, 1999 Web posted at: 5:02 p.m. EDT (2102 GMT) (CNN) Gallbladder disease can be added to the long list of maladies that exercise can help prevent, according to a study in this week's New England Journal of Medicine. "We found women who engaged in two to three hours of moderate-intensity recreational physical activity per week were able to reduce their risk of gallbladder disease requiring surgery by 30 percent," said study leader Dr. Michael Leitzmann of the Harvard School of Public Health. Gallbladder disease occurs when too much cholesterol is in the bile, the digestive juice stored in the gallbladder. The cholesterol forms tiny particles in the gallbladder that eventually form stones. Gallstones can cause severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting.

28. Educational Information On Gallstones Produced By Medical Doctors Information on gallstones including what they are, causes, risks, symptoms, treatment, and prevention. gallstones. Medical Author Jay http://www.medicinenet.com/Gallstones/article.htm

MedicineNet Home Crohn's Disease Home > Gallstones Advanced Search Printer-Friendly Format Add to Favorites Email to a Friend ... Next page Gallstones Medical Author: Jay W. Marks, M.D. Medical Editor: Dennis Lee, M.D. What are gallstones? What causes gallstones? Who is at risk for gallstones? ... Gallstones At A Glance What are gallstones? Gallstones usually form in the gallbladder; however, they also may form anywhere there is bilein the intrahepatic, hepatic, common bile, and cystic ducts. Gallstones also may move about within bile, for example, from the gallbladder into the cystic or common duct. What causes gallstones? There are several types of gallstones and each type has a different cause. Cholesterol gallstones There are two other processes that promote the formation of cholesterol gallstones though neither process is able to cause cholesterol gallstones by itself. The first is abnormally rapid formation and growth of cholesterol particles into gallstones. The second is reduced contraction and emptying of the gallbladder that allows bile to sit in the gallbladder longer so that there is more time for cholesterol particles to form and grow. Pigment gallstones Pigment gallstones are the second most common type of gallstone. Although pigment gallstones comprise only 15% of gallstones in individuals from Europe and the Americas, they are more common than cholesterol gallstones in Southeast Asia. There are two types of pigment gallstones 1) black pigment gallstones, and 2) brown pigment gallstones. Pigment is a waste product formed from

29. Holiday Feasts May Bring On Gallstones - Health And Medical Information: Disease MedicineNet Home Holiday Feasts May Bring on gallstones. Advanced Search. Holiday Feasts May Bring on gallstones. SATURDAY, Dec. http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=27132

30. Treatment Of Gallstones In Adults Clinical practice guideline information about the treatment of gallstones in adults. From the British Columbia Council on Clinical Practice Guidelines. PDF format. http://www.healthservices.gov.bc.ca/msp/protoguides/gps/gallstones/gallstonepat.

31. Discovery Health Gallstones gallstones are stones that form in the gallbladder. Most gallstones are crystals of cholesterol. gallstones may also be crystals of calcium and bilirubin. http://health.discovery.com/diseasesandcond/encyclopedia/201.html

32. Gallstones (Cholelithiasis) gallstones (Cholelithiasis). gallstones are concretions that form in the biliary system, usually the gallbladder. About 90% of gallstones are of this type. http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/liver/gallstones.html

Digestion Index Glossary Gallstones (Cholelithiasis) Gallstones are concretions that form in the biliary system, usually the gallbladder. Although rarely recognized in animals, they affect a very large number of people. In the US alone, it is estimated that about 20 million people have gallstones at any given time, resulting in expeditures of about $5 billion for diagnosis and treatment. A majority of cases are asymptomatic, but signs in clinicially affected patients range from mild abdominal pain or minor "indigestion" to excrutiating pain, often manifest at night. There are two major types of gallstones, which seem to form due to distinctly different pathogenetic mechanisms. Cholesterol Stones About 90% of gallstones are of this type. These stones can be almost pure cholesterol or mixtures of cholesterol and substances such as mucin. Stones recovered at surgery range from about 5 mm to greater than 25 mm in diameter. The key event leading to formation and progression of cholesterol stones is precipitation of cholesterol in bile. Unesterified cholesterol is virtually insoluble in aqueous solutions and is kept in solution in bile largely by virtue of the detergent-like effect of bile salts. This is however a rather precarious situation and several factors can tip the balance in favor of precipitation, including:

33. Gallstones gallstones, Donate, About one in ten people in Britain have gallstones, especially women, overweight people, and those who are middle aged or over. http://www.digestivedisorders.org.uk/leaflets/gallston.htm

Your browser does not support script - turn on Javascript compatibility in your browser to navigate this site Gallstones About one in ten people in Britain have gallstones, especially women, overweight people, and those who are middle aged or over. In 1995 alone there were 10,000 patients receiving hospital treatment for gallstones. Many more will have had tests or medicine for their stones and you will probably have heard of a friend or relative who has gallstones or has had an operation on the gallbladder. What are gallstones? Gallstones look like small stones or gravel, but are not as hard, and may be up to 3 centimetres across. They are usually made of cholesterol (a fat) but can include calcium salts (similar to chalk) and solids from red blood cells. They grow in the gallbladder (see diagram) and may take years to form. The gall bladder is tucked away under the liver just below the right rib cage and collects bile from the liver. Bile is important in fat digestion and mixes with the food in the intestines. After a meal the gallbladder empties the bile down a tube called the bile duct, into the intestines where it mixes with food for digestion. What is it like to have gallstones?

34. Gallstones What Are They And How Are They Treated? Are there other treatments? gallstones What Are They and How Are They Treated? What are gallstones? Return to top. What problems can gallstones cause? http://familydoctor.org/x2112.xml

Advanced Search familydoctor.org Home Conditions A to Z Digestive Disorders ... Are there other treatments? Gallstones: What Are They and How Are They Treated? Printer-friendly version Email this article What are gallstones? The gallbladder is a small "bag" just under your liver. It stores digestive juices that are made by the liver. Sometimes these juices become solid and form stones, called gallstones. Return to top What problems can gallstones cause? About 60% of people with gallstones never get sick from them. They might never know they have gallstones. However, a gallstone can leave your gallbladder and go into the passageway from your gallbladder to your intestine. It can get stuck in that passageway. If the stone completely blocks the passageway, you will have severe pain in the right upper part of your belly. You may also feel pain in your upper back. The pain usually starts suddenly and lasts for as long as 3 hours. This is known as an "attack." Complete or partial blockage can also cause your gallbladder to get irritated and inflamed. If this happens, you will usually have pain for more than 3 hours. You may also get a fever. Your skin may turn a yellowish color, known as jaundice (say "john-diss"). Return to top Who gets gallstones?

35. Gallstones What Are They And How Are They Treated? Return to Web version. gallstones What Are They and How Are They Treated? What are gallstones? What problems can gallstones cause? http://familydoctor.org/x2112.xml?printxml

36. Gallstones - Stones In The Gallbladder And Bile Ducts The cause, symptoms and treatment of gallstones BUPA health information factsheet. gallstones. Published duct. What causes gallstones? http://hcd2.bupa.co.uk/fact_sheets/html/gallstones.html

search home services health information ... BUPA Products and services Health insurance Financial protection Hospitals Care homes ... International cover Visitor interest areas Individuals Business Intermediaries Health professionals ... BUPA members Facilities finder Find local health and fitness facilities World of BUPA BUPA services around the world at bupa.com health information ABC of health Gallstones Published by BUPA's Health Information Team December, 2002. Revised August 2003 Download this factsheet Gallstones are solid lumps or "stones" which form in the gallbladder or bile duct. They are formed when some of the chemicals stored in the gallbladder harden into a mass. They may be as tiny as a grain of sand or as big as a golf ball, and resemble small stones or gravel. Some people get just one large stone, others may have hundreds of tiny ones. About 1 in 10 people over 50 in the UK have gallstones. The gallbladder The gallbladder is a small bag-shaped organ on the right hand side of the body, just below the liver. It stores a green liquid called bile, which is produced by the liver to help the body digest fats and other substances. When we eat, bile is released from the gallbladder into the intestines through a narrow tube called the bile duct. What causes gallstones?

37. MayoClinic.com - Gallstones Most people who have gallstones have no symptoms. But if you have a gallbladder attack, you gallstones By Mayo Clinic staff Overview http://www.mayoclinic.com/invoke.cfm?id=DS00165

38. Encyclopaedia Topic : Gallstones, Section : Introduction gallstones. Search. Help. gallstones are hard pieces of stonelike material, round, oval, or faceted, commonly occurring in the gall bladder or the bile duct. http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/en.asp?TopicID=207

39. Liver Cleanse Gallbladder Cleanse Gallstones Flush Recipe Read also at least 20 messages posted in Liver Flush Forum Liver Flush gallstones Forum Support Group. Liver Health gallstones. http://curezone.com/cleanse/liver/default.asp

Cure Zone .com Educating Instead of Medicating users online now Vaccination Add To Favorites Log On Join CureZone ... Free Newsletter Google CureZone Search: Home Health Ailments Articles ... Forums Liver Flush - Liver and Gallbladder Cleansing For Better Health Click on this image to see more photos like this one Please bookmark this page, (or remember how you came here) because this is starting point of your journey into the health of your liver. Journey into the liver and gallbladder FLUSH. From here, I will guide you through the maze of 8000 web pages on liver flush ( yes! you read it right, over 8000 pages on this web site ). It is easy to miss some links and some important pages! Liver and Gallbladder Anatomy IMPORTANT!: Liver cleansing recipe is the same as gall bladder cleansing recipe! Cleansing of both organs is achieved by the same procedure! All people who have stones inside gallbladder, always have stones inside their liver - proved by their cleansing experience! All people who have stones inside their liver, do not necessarily have stones inside gallbladder! Proved by ultrasound examination and liver flush. Read and learn how to help yourself !

40. SCIENCE: How Gallstones Are Formed At Liver Flush [FAQ] Liver Flush Homepage Image Gallery Rules Disclaimer.......SCIENCE How gallstones Are Formed Liver Flush FAQ FAQ A http://curezone.com/forums/m.asp?f=73&i=382

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