61. Sweet FA - Friedreich's Ataxia A light hearted, personal account of living with friedreich s ataxia, as well as a motivational story about overcoming adversity. ebility Book Reviews. http://e-bility.com/books/sweetfa.shtml

e-bility: Book Reviews next review index previous review February 2004. Sweet FA - Living with Friedreich's Ataxia. By Anne Patterson. For a long time Anne didn't know she had Friedreich's Ataxia. Her life was exciting, she was young and following her obsession to travel and see Australia. She remembers with good humour an early incident, when tired and unsteady on her feet she was picked up by the Adelaide police, who had come to the unfortunate conclusion she was on drugs. Without a medical explanation to offer they marched her down to the police station for an interview, after which she was allowed to go - but not without paying the price of wounded pride! Friedreich's Ataxia is a rare hereditary condition caused by degenerative changes in the nerve tracts and nerve cells of the spinal cord and brain. It usually occurs in young people, generally before the age of 20. In the early stages the main symptom is unsteadiness of gait. As it progresses difficulties with speech, hand tremors, feet deformities and spinal curvature may be present [from preface]. Anne's parents had thought something may be wrong when she was around 16 years old, but never discussed it with her. She remained blissfully unaware during these early years ... Once she overheard some boys saying she must be drunk, but knowing she hadn't been drinking she assumed they must be drunk instead! When her father admonished her for not being able to carry a glass of water to the table, she practiced until she could. She was stubborn and she was a teenager, and these small problems were not going to stop her doing what she wanted to do. At this stage she still had no medical answers about what was causing the difficulties she was experiencing, her focus was on finding practical solutions so she could keep travelling. The doctor had simply told her she could be run down, advising her to slow down and learn to relax.

62. CMGS-FRIEDREICH’S ATAXIA/17.12.98 friedreich S ataxia. FRDA is ataxias). IDENTIFICATION OF THE friedreich S ataxia GENE. Mapped to 9q13q21 by linkage analysis. The http://www.ich.ucl.ac.uk/cmgs/fried98.htm

FRIEDREICH'S ATAXIA FRDA is the most common hereditary ataxia with an incidence of 1 in 50,000 and deduced carrier frequency of 1 in 120 in European populations (it is rare in Finland, among black Africans and non existent in Japan) ONSET Usually around puberty but with wide variations (more variable between, rather than within families). Initial classification, which discounted patients with onset after 25 years, has since been broadened. Gait instability (65%) or generalized clumsiness (25%) are the usual initial symptoms. Most patients are confined to a wheelchair by their late twenties and there is no treatment to slow progression of the disease. SYMPTOMS NEUROPATHOLOGY Loss of primary sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is an early and invariable finding with those fibres originating more caudally being more severely affected. Deterioration of the sensory posterior columns and spinocerebellar tracts and corticospinal motor tracts of the spinal cord is also observed (therefore, the sensory systems providing information to the brain and cerebellum about the position and speed of body segments, particularly the lower limbs, are severely compromised in FRDA). Although most motor neurons are well preserved the corticospinal motor tracts are atropied explaining the pyramidal signs. The cerebellar cortex shows only mild loss of Purkinje cells late in the disease course ( in contrast with other inherited degenerative ataxias). IDENTIFICATION OF THE FRIEDREICH'S ATAXIA GENE

63. Disorder Information - What Is Friedreich's Ataxia? What is friedreich s ataxia? friedreich s ataxia is a slowly progressive disorder of the nervous system and muscles. What causes friedreich s ataxia? http://www.mdac.ca/english/disorder-info/disorder-info-10.htm

What is Friedreich's ataxia? Friedreich's ataxia is a slowly progressive disorder of the nervous system and muscles. The disorder, named for the physician who first identified it in 1863, results in an inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements (ataxia). This condition is caused by the premature death of nerve cells that are responsible for the control of balance and coordination. What is the age of onset? Symptoms of Friedreich's ataxia, in most cases, appear between five and twenty years of age, but are usually seen before puberty. There are, however, people who are first affected by FA as adults. What are the primary symptoms? In this disorder, the ataxia affects upper and lower limbs and the head and neck. There is also a partial loss of the sensations of touch and pressure in arms and legs. Weakness, especially in the lower limbs, unsteadiness in standing and an uneven gait are usually among the first symptoms. As the disorder progresses, other symptoms may appear. They may include generalized and more severe weakness and poor coordination in the upper limbs, often making writing difficult. Difficulty speaking and enunciating words (dysarthria) and irregularities in voice pitch and loudness develop with the loss of muscle control in relation to speech. Rapid, involuntary eye movements (nystigmus) develop as eye muscles weaken. Some people also experience numbness of the hands or a decrease in visual or auditory acuity because of sensory nerve involvement.

64. Friedreich's Ataxia Definition Of Friedreich's Ataxia. What Is Friedreich's Atax Definition of friedreich s ataxia in the Dictionary and Thesaurus. Provides examples from classic literature, search by definition of friedreich s ataxia. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Friedreich's ataxia

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Friedreich's ataxia Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Noun Friedreich's ataxia - sclerosis of the posterior and lateral columns of the spinal cord; characterized by muscular weakness and abnormal gait; occurs in children herediatry spinal ataxia ataxia ataxy dyssynergia ... motor ataxia - inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements; unsteady movements and staggering gait Legend: Synonyms Related Words Antonyms Some words with "Friedreich's ataxia" in the definition: abasia atactic atactic abasia ataxia ... Terebrating Previous General Dictionary Browser Next fridge Fridstol Fridtjof Nansen ... Friedrich Krupp Full Dictionary Browser Friedberg, Bavaria (enc.) Friedberg, Hesse (enc.) friedcake Friedel Grützmacher (enc.) Friedel-Craft-Alkylation (enc.) Friedel-Crafts (enc.) Friedens, Pennsylvania (enc.) Friedensburg, Pennsylvania (enc.) Friedensreich Hundertwasser (enc.) Frieder Nake (enc.) Friederich Durrenmatt (enc.) Friederich Krupp AG (enc.) Friederichshafen (enc.) Friedland (enc.)

65. Friedreich's Ataxia Browse entry words starting with A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z, Other characters, friedreich s ataxia,. Print this article, http://www.amershamhealth.com/medcyclopaedia/medical/Volume VII/FRIEDREICHS ATAX

Amershamhealth.com Search for: Type a word or a phrase. All forms of the word are searchable. Browse entry words starting with: A B C D ... Other characters Friedreich's ataxia, (Nikolaus Friedreich, 1825-1882, German physician), autosomal recessive inherited form of spinocerebellar degeneration which begins in childhood or adolescence and is progressive. Clinically there is ataxia, dysarthria and nystagmus with diminished or absent reflexes. Cardiomyopathy may be fatal. Severe scoliosis, coxa valga, hip and knee laxity and instability and pes cavus are typical findings. HC The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging Volume VII Contacts GE Healthcare Making Waves

66. Disease Directory : Neurological Disorders : Spinal Cord : Spinocerebellar Degen AllRefer Health friedreich s ataxia Treatment (Spinocerebellar - friedreich s ataxia (Spinocerebellar Degeneration) information center covers Treatment. http://www.diseasedirectory.net/Neurological_Disorders/Spinal_Cord/Spinocerebell

Wednesday, June 02, 2004 Neurological Disorders Spinal Cord Spinocerebellar Degenerations Friedreich's Ataxia ... Spinocerebellar Degenerations : Friedreich's Ataxia AllRefer Health - Friedreich's Ataxia Treatment (Spinocerebellar ... - Friedreich's Ataxia (Spinocerebellar Degeneration) information center covers Treatment. Friedreich's Ataxia. Friedreich's Ataxia. Books and Writers Network - Sweet FA - Living with Friedreich's ... - Sweet FA - Living with Friedreich's Ataxia. by Anne Patterson A true story of how a young woman followed her obsession to travel and see Australia. Brain Foundation - Friedreich's Ataxia - Friedreich's ataxia is a genetic disorder that causes progressive damage to the nervous system resulting in symptoms ranging from muscle weakness and speech Clinical Trial: Safety Study of Idebenone to Treat Friedreich's ... - Safety Study of Idebenone to Treat Friedreich's Ataxia. This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsored by. Friedreich Ataxia, Drug: Idebenone, Phase I. Disorder Information - What is Friedreich's ataxia? - What is Friedreich's ataxia? Friedreich's ataxia is a slowly progressive disorder of the nervous system and muscles. What causes Friedreich's ataxia? Expanded GAA repeats and clinical variation in Friedreich's ataxia ...

67. Friedreich's Ataxia,Friedreich's Disease,Friedreich's Tabes,Hereditary Ataxia Fr friedreich s ataxia,friedreich s Disease,friedreich s Tabes,Hereditary ataxia Friedrich s Type,Spinal ataxia Hereditofamilial,FRDA,Spino Cerebellar ataxia http://www.icomm.ca/geneinfo/fredatax.htm

For Information on Workshops and Seminars for Special Needs Children click here The GAPS INDEX to Information on the Internet about Genetic Disorders and Birth Defects Genetic Information and Patient Services, Inc. (GAPS) HOME DISORDERS GLOSSARY Friedreich's Ataxia (as defined by the National Organization for Rare Disorders also known as: Friedreich's Tabes Friedreich's Disease Hereditary Ataxia, Friedrich's Type Spinal Ataxia, Hereditofamilial Spino Cerebellar Ataxia Friedreich's Ataxia is a genetic, progressive, neurologic movement disorder that typically becomes apparent before adolescence. Initial symptoms may include unsteady posture, frequent falling, and progressive difficulties walking due to an impaired ability to coordinate voluntary movements (ataxia). Affected individuals may also develop abnormalities of certain reflexes; characteristic foot deformities; increasing incoordination of the arms and hands; slurred speech (dysarthria); and rapid, involuntary eye movements (nystagmus). Friedreich's Ataxia may also be associated with cardiomyopathy, a disease of cardiac muscle that may be characterized by shortness of breath upon exertion (dyspnea), chest pain, and irregularities in heart rhythm (cardiac arrythmias).

68. Friedreich's Ataxia And I Receive copy You are here Homepage friedreich s ataxia and I friedreich S ataxia AND I. Homepage friedreich s ataxia and I http://ohbother.co.uk/ataxia.htm

Last updated: 1st June 2004 Tell a Friend about Kate's Nook! Type In Your Name: Type In Your Email: Your Friend's Email: Your Comments: Receive copy: You are here: Homepage > Friedreich's Ataxia and I FRIEDREICH'S ATAXIA AND I Homepage The gallery My favourite links Sign my guestbook ... Ataxia site ring Hi! I'm Katie and I was diagnosed with Friedreich’s Ataxia (FA) when I was eight years of age. Contents: What causes FA? What are the symptoms of FA? My diagnosis My scoliosis ... How to make a donation to Ataxia UK What causes FA? For more information on inheritence, visit Ataxia UK's how do people inherit ataxia? page FA is a rare (1 in 40,000) inherited genetic disorder. As it is recessive , which means that two copies of the faulty gene must be inherited from both parents for someone to develop FA, it can lie dormant in many generations before cropping up. For instance, although each and every generation of my mother’s and father’s families must have carried the defective gene, I am the first family member to actually develop FA. This is because a carrier has to meet another carrier (as my own patents did) before their child is a risk of inheriting two defective genes and therefore developing FA. The problem lies within the genetic code on chromosome 9 and the number of GAA repeats present (these letters form part of the genetic code).

69. Friedreich's Ataxia What is wrong with the frataxin gene in a person with friedreich s ataxia? The How do genetic defects cause friedreich s ataxia? Recent http://cajunheart.tripod.com/FAinDepth.html

var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "tripod.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Check out the NEW Hotbot Tell me when this page is updated How are Hereditary Ataxias passed on in the family? Hereditary Ataxias are an inherited, or genetic, disorder. That means that it is caused by an abnormality of a single gene. To understand how the disease is passed on, it is important to know about genes and cells. Each gene is like a blueprint that tells the cell how to make a certain chemical or protein (like heart muscle proteins, or neurotransmitter, or eye color pigments). It is estimated that humans have about 100,000 genes inside each of their body cells; not all genes are active in all the cells (for instance, a gene for heart muscle protein doesn't need to be active in a brain cell). Each egg cell that a woman makes contains one copy of each of the 100,000 genes, and one copy of each of the father's genes is contained in his sperm cell, so that when a new person arises from the joining of an egg and a sperm cell, the new person has two copies of each gene (one from his father, and one from his mother). This genetic pattern is called "autosomal recessive inheritance", which means that 1) the disease is hereditary, 2) a double dose of the altered or non functioning gene is required to cause symptoms, 3) the disease can strike males and females with equal likelihood, and 4) that it is possible to "carry" the altered gene without having symptoms of the disease.

70. Friedreich's Ataxia (www.whonamedit.com) friedreich s ataxia An inheritable, chronic and progressive degenerative disease with sclerosis of the dorsal and lateral columns of the spinal cord. http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/1406.html

Home List categories Eponyms A-Z Biographies by country ... Contact Whonamedit.com does not give medical advice. This survey of medical eponyms and the persons behind them is meant as a general interest site only. No information found here must under any circumstances be used for medical purposes, diagnostically, therapeutically or otherwise. If you, or anybody close to you, is affected, or believe to be affected, by any condition mentioned here: see a doctor. Friedreich's ataxia Also known as: Friedreich’s disease Synonyms: Spinocerebellar heredotaxia. Associated persons: Nikolaus Friedreich Description: An inheritable, chronic and progressive degenerative disease with sclerosis of the dorsal and lateral columns of the spinal cord. Accompanied by ataxia, speech impairment, lateral curvature of the spinal column, and peculiar swaying and irregular movements, with paralysis of the muscles, especially of the lower extremities. A variety of skeletal deformities (Friedreich foot) may be present and cardiac involvement (30-50%) represents a potentially lethal complication. Up to 90% have ECG. anomalies relating to associated cardiomyopathy. Onset occurs in childhood or early adolescence, rarely after the age of 20. Inheritance is usually autosomal recessive or dominant, but sporadic cases have also been observed. Bibliography: N. Friedreich:

71. Christopher And Dana Reeve Paralysis Resource Center : Health : Friedreich's Ata friedreich’s ataxia friedreich’s ataxia Rare Disorders. More Information on friedreich s ataxia. RECOMMENDED WEB SITES friedreich http://www.paralysis.org/Health/HealthList.cfm?c=71&Type=s&insearch=ataxia

72. Neurological Disorders, Spinal Cord, Spinocerebellar Degenerations, Friedreich's Neurological Disorders, Spinal Cord, Spinocerebellar Degenerations, friedreich s ataxia. Submit Your Site to the friedreich s ataxia category. http://www.iseekhealth.com/friedreich's_ataxia-2135.php

Home About Us Contact Submit Your Site Search : Home Health Conditions and Diseases Neurological Disorders ... Friedreich's Ataxia More Friedreich's Ataxia Categories: Submit Your Site to the Friedreich's Ataxia category Sponsored Friedreich's Ataxia Sites Epilepsy Book Store At WellnessBooks.com Comprehensive source to books on Epilepsy. Includes community boards and chat, book reviews and online ordering. Neurological Disorders Due To An Imbalance? Do you have a neurological disorder? This may be due to an imbalance. Check the balance of your system and get natural recommendations for restoring balance. GeneClinics: Friedreich Ataxia - An in depth look at this disorder. Includes a summary, diagnosing, molecular genetic testing, clinical description and management. Living Life with Ataxia - An informative site about living a positive life in spite of having a progressive hereditary neurological disease called Friedreich's Ataxia. NINDS Friedreich's Ataxia - An information sheet the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke . NORD: Friedreich's Ataxia - Offers the synonyms, a general discussion and further resources.

73. Brain Foundation - Friedreich's Ataxia friedreich s ataxia is a genetic disorder that causes progressive damage to the nervous system resulting in symptoms ranging from muscle weakness and speech http://www.brainaustralia.org.au/AZ_of_Brain_Disorders/friedreichs_ataxia

Home About Us The Brain Healthy Brain ... Site Map DHTML_MENU_rel_path = '/squizlib/dhtml_menu/images/'; Friedreich’s Ataxia Description Friedreich's ataxia is a genetic disorder that causes progressive damage to the nervous system resulting in symptoms ranging from muscle weakness and speech problems to heart disease. Ataxia (loss of co-ordination) results from the degeneration of nerve tissue in the spinal cord and of nerves that control muscle movement in the arms and legs. Friedreich's Ataxia is caused by a genetic defect which affects male and female children alike and is passed down as a recessive trait. This means that the disease will develop in offspring only when both mother and father transmit the recessive Friedreich's Ataxia gene. A child who receives the defective gene from one parent and a normal gene from the other becomes a carrier and never develops the disease. For this reason, there may be carriers of Friedreich's Ataxia in a family that has no known history of the disorder. When both parents are carriers, the chances of a child inheriting Friedreich's Ataxia are one in four. Cases in which a family history of the disease has not been found may represent new genetic changes (mutations) that occur spontaneously (sporadically). All children of someone with FA are carriers, half the grandchildren will be carriers.

74. HerbChina2000.com - Herbal Remedies - Friedreich's Ataxia friedreich s ataxia, DESCRIPTION legs. Unlike some neurological diseases, friedreich s ataxia does not affect mental capacity. SYNONYMS. http://www.herbchina2000.com/therapies/NFA.shtml

Home Friedreich's ataxia DESCRIPTION Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a rare inherited disease characterized by the progressive loss of voluntary muscular coordination (ataxia) and heart enlargement. It is named after the German doctor, Nikolaus Friedreich, who first described the disease in 1863. FRDA is generally diagnosed in childhood and affects both males and females. That ataxia affects upper and lower limbs, and the head and neck. There is also a particular loss of the sensations of touch and pressure in the arms and legs. Unlike some neurological diseases, Friedreich's Ataxia does not affect mental capacity. SYNONYMS Spinocerebellar ataxia Familial ataxia Hereditary ataxia of Friedreich Hereditary spinal ataxia SYMPTOMS Unsteady gait and uncoordinated movements (ataxia) that gets progressively worse Loss of coordination and balance; frequent falls or falling more than usual

75. Fundraiser-Friedreich S Ataxia Fundraiserfriedreich s ataxia. This Miracle! Proceeds from the sale of this cookbook will benefit research for friedreich s ataxia.***. http://neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu/neurowebforum/NeuralgiaArticles/12.30.969.08PMF

Fundraiser-Friedreich's ataxia This article submitted by Sally Smith on 12/30/96. Author's Email: sqsmith@surfsouth.com Seek A Miracle, MDA, is a nonprofit organization that was established through the MDA by Mrs. Rochelle Litke after her 18-year old daughter, Samantha, was diagnosed with Friedreich's Ataxia. Recently, Bruce and Cindy Olson of Seek A Miracle - Minnesota, and their family, organized a cookbook, "Cooking For a Cause," to raise money for FA research. I received my copy a couple of weeks ago and was intrigued by the many recipes from family and friends (nationwide) of FA patients. My mom contributed several recipes, including Miracle cookies which are eggless (and low fat) pecan chocolate - chip cookies, and Julie Birkholz (sister of Cindy Olson) contributed her recipe, "Cheesy Meatballs," which won first prize in the 1981 Minnesota State Fair! I even discovered recipes from The Honorable and Mrs. Terry Branstad, Governor of Iowa, and Dr. Giovanna Spinella (NINDS/NIH), and Cathy Moriarty, owner of Mulberry Street, Beverly Hills, CA. The cookbook contains sections of recipes from children with

76. NAF PamphletFriedreich S Ataxia NAF Pamphletfriedreich s ataxia. This response submitted by Pam Bower on 4/27/98. All rights reserved friedreich S ataxia. What is friedreich s ataxia? http://neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu/forum/CerebellarAtaxiaF/NAFPamphlet.Friedreichs

NAF Pamphlet:Friedreich's Ataxia This response submitted by Pam Bower on 4/27/98. Email Address: pbower@inforamp.net FRIEDREICH'S ATAXIA What is Friedreich's ataxia? Friedreich's ataxia was the first form of hereditary ataxia to be distinguished from other forms of ataxia. It is named after the German doctor, Nikolaus Friedreich, who first described it in What are the major symptoms of Friedreich's ataxia? The symptoms of Friedreich's ataxia usually become noticeable during the early teenage years, although in occasional individuals the diagnosis has been made as early as age 2 or as late as age 25. The first symptoms are usually difficulty with balance (dysequilibrium), impaired coordination of the legs or arms (ataxia), and thick or slurred speech (dysarthria). As time goes on, individuals with Friedreich's ataxia often notice worsening of their coordination and speech, difficulty knowing where their feet or hands are in space (impaired position sense), and weakness and loss of muscle bulk in the legs and hands. Curvature of the spine (kyphoscoliosis) and high arches

77. Friedreich's Ataxia Maharishi Vedic Vibration Consultation application form for friedreich s ataxia. 7) (required) How disabling is your case friedreich s ataxia or its symptoms? http://www.vedicvibration.com/apply/neurological/ataxia.html

Please note! You must have JavaScript enabled to use our on line application His Holiness Maharishi Mahesh Yogi showSessionButtonsInner(0) Neurological Main Category Index Alphabetic Index Friedreich's ataxia Your answers will enable us to develop your personalized consultation. Issues (required) Check one or more characteristics or information relevant to your current case of Friedreich's ataxia and its symptoms. Weakness of the lower extremities General weakness Abnormal gait Confined to a wheelchair Poor circulation Tremors Slurred speech Heart problems None (required) Check one or more primary areas to be addressed. Head Heart Left Upper extremities Hip Thigh Lower leg Ankle Foot Toes All Right Upper extremities Hip Thigh Lower leg Ankle Foot Toes All Left Lower extremities Shoulder Upper arm Lower arm Wrist Hand Thumb and fingers All Right Lower extremities Shoulder Upper arm Lower arm Wrist Hand Thumb and fingers All (required) Check one or more Sensations that are predominant in your case of Friedreich's ataxia. Shakiness Itching Numbness Heaviness Weakness Rawness Pain Stiffness, rigidity and/or tightness

78. Friedreich's Ataxia friedreich s ataxia. DESCRIPTION friedreich; hereditary spinal ataxia. ICD9-CM 334.0 friedreich s ataxia Author(s) Mark R. Dambro, MD http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0353.html

Friedreich's ataxia DESCRIPTION: Autosomal recessive disease beginning in childhood or youth. Characteristics include sclerosis of the dorsal and lateral columns of the spinal cord. symptoms include ataxia, speech impairment, lateral curvature of the spinal column, peculiar swaying and irregular movements, and paralysis of the muscles of the lower extremities. Usual course - chronic; progressive. CAUSES: usually hereditary Synonyms: spinocerebellar ataxia familial ataxia hereditary ataxia of Friedreich hereditary spinal ataxia ICD-9-CM: 334.0 Friedreich's ataxia Author(s): Mark R. Dambro, MD

79. SPINALCORD: Friedreich's Ataxia- Fact Sheet #17 friedreich s ataxia Fact Sheet 17. Partial loss of the sense of touch or sensitivity to pain and temperature may also occur in friedreich s ataxia. http://www.spinalcord.uab.edu/show.asp?durki=21499&site=1021&return=21497

80. NEJM -- Genetic Abnormalities In Friedreich's Ataxia Correspondence from The New England Journal of Medicine Genetic Abnormalities in friedreich s ataxia. Next Next. Genetic Abnormalities in friedreich s ataxia. http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/14/1021

HOME SEARCH CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... HELP Please sign in for full text and personal services Previous Volume 336:1021-1023 April 3, 1997 Number 14 Next Genetic Abnormalities in Friedreich's Ataxia Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings. Full Text Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager E-mail When Cited ... PubMed Citation To the Editor: correlated the phenotypic features of Friedreich's ataxia and the size of an intronic GAA-triplet repeat in the gene that causes the disease, and concluded that "the clinical spectrum of Friedreich's ataxia is broader than previously recognized" and that "the direct molecular test for the GAA expansion on chromosome 9 is useful for diagnosis, determination of prognosis, and genetic counseling." We disagree with these conclusions. For many years the diagnosis of Friedreich's ataxia has been based on clinical criteria. According to these criteria, 103 of their patients had typical Friedreich's Full Text of this Article References This article has been cited by other articles: Delatycki, M. B, Williamson, R., Forrest, S. M (2000). Friedreich ataxia: an overview.

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