101. Diabetic Retinopathy - Novartis Ophthalmics diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes and the Eyes diabetic retinopathy is themost serious eye problem associated with diabetes. Diabetes http://www.novartisophthalmics.com/consumers/diabetes.shtml

Search Novartis.com Go Ophthalmics Home Eye Conditions Overview Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) ... Novartis.com Diabetic Retinopathy Diabetes and the Eyes Diabetic retinopathy is the most serious eye problem associated with diabetes. Diabetes, a disease that causes too much sugar to enter your bloodstream, can affect your eyes and your vision. Fluctuating or blurring of vision, occasional double vision, loss of peripheral vision and flashes and floaters within the eyes may be symptoms related to diabetes. Sometimes the early signs of diabetes are detected during a thorough eye examination before the patient is aware of any problems. Diabetes can cause changes in nearsightedness and farsightedness and lead to premature presbyopia (the inability to focus on close objects). It can result in cataracts, glaucoma, a lack of eye muscle coordination (strabismus) and decreased corneal sensitivity. The most serious eye problem associated with diabetes is diabetic retinopathy, which, if not controlled, can lead to blindness. What is retinopathy?

102. Optelec: Diabetic Retinopathy diabetic retinopathy. diabetic retinopathy is the most common eye diseasecaused by Diabetes and it can lead to severe vision loss or blindness. http://www.optelec.com/retinopathy.php

Site Search: Shop Online View Shopping Cart Customize Site To Your Vision Home ... Contact Us Diabetic Retinopathy Diabetic Retinopathy is the most common eye disease caused by Diabetes and it can lead to severe vision loss or blindness. It develops as a result of changes in the blood vessels of the retina; a thin membrane made up of nerve cells that lines the back two-thirds of the eyeball. The nerve cells in the retina detect light and send signals to the brain about what the eye sees. There are two stages of Diabetic Retinopathy: (1) Nonproliferative Retinopathy, the early form of the disease, weakens the tiny blood vessels in the eye, which develop small bulges (microaneurysms) that may burst and leak fluid and protein into the retina causing the formation of gray or white spots in the retina. White-yellow deposits of fatty protein may also form on the retina. When fluid and protein from the damaged blood vessels cause swelling in the center of the retina (macula), visual impairment, called macular edema, distorts a person's central vision (2) Proliferative Retinopathy, the advanced and more serious form of Diabetic Retinopathy features the growth (proliferation) of fragile new blood vessels on the surface of the retina. These abnormal blood vessels may break easily, bleeding into the middle of the eye and clouding vision. If not treated, proliferative retinopathy can permanently damage the retina and other parts of the eye, leading to severe vision loss or blindness.

103. ISTA :: Conditions :: Diabetic Retinopathy diabetic retinopathy Abnormal changes and/or damage to the blood vesselsin the eye due to diabetes are known as diabetic retinopathy. http://www.istavision.com/conditions/conditions_diabetic.asp

HOME SITE MAP CONTACT US SEARCH Conditions Glaucoma Vitreous Hemorrhage Diabetic Retionpathy Links Conditions Glossary Conditions FAQ Diabetic Retinopathy The most common treatment for patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy is panretinal laser photocoagulation. In this treatment, a laser makes hundreds of tiny burns to the retina to reduce the growth of the abnormal blood vessels into the vitreous humor. Panretinal laser photocoagulation surgery has been shown to be effective in slowing the progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Panretinal laser photocoagulation surgery frequently leads to increased loss of night vision and can make night driving more difficult. Also, after panretinal laser photocoagulation surgery, peripheral, or side vision, is often not as good as before the surgery. Market Opportunity Company History Executive Management Board of Directors Quarterly Fact Sheet (First Quarter 2004 PDF) FDA Approved Prescribing Information Glaucoma Vitreous Hemorrhage Diabetic Retinopathy Links ... Recent Investor Presentations and Audio Archives Annual Reports Analyst Coverage Estimates Info Requests ... Committee Composition Conduct Insider Transactions Ownership Pipeline Vitrase Istalol TM ... Clinical Advisory Board

104. Diabetic Retinopathy (Proliferative) Vision Simulator The diabetic retinopathy Simulator is designed to help patients and their caregiversbetter understand the possible progression of vision loss related to this http://www.visionsimulator.com/diabetic_retinopathy_proliferative/

What is diabetic retinopathy? People with diabetes mellitus cannot use or store sugar properly. High levels of sugar in the blood can damage blood vessels in the retina, the nerve tissue at the back of the eye that transmits visual information to the brain. Diabetes can also damage sight by causing glaucoma, increased pressure inside the eye, or cataracts. What are nonproliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy? In nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy blood vessels within the retina leak blood or fluid. The leaking causes swelling. Blood may also cloud the clear gel (vitreous) inside the eye. Many patients with diabetes have a mild form of diabetic retinopathy, which usually does not affect their vision. If, however, damage to the retina causes swelling (macular edema) or closes off small blood vessels (macular ischemia), vision suffers. In proliferative diabetic retinopathy, abnormal new blood vessels grow on the retina or optic nerve. The new growth is in response to the closure of other blood vessels that supply the retina. Unfortunately, the new vessels often create scar tissue that damages the retina. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy can cause severe vision loss. Bleeding into the vitreous can impair or block vision, too. The blood usually resorbs over months or years. If it doesn't clear adequately, the blood and vitreous may need to be removed surgically. What eye signs and symptoms accompany diabetic retinopathy?

105. University Of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center Advanced Proliferative diabetic retinopathy This fundus photo of an eye with advancedproliferative diabetic retinopathy shows pulled and distorted retina (and http://www.kellogg.umich.edu/patientcare/conditions/diabetic.retinopathy.html

Advanced Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy This fundus photo of an eye with advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy shows pulled and distorted retina (and its blood vessels) which lie beneath a dense layer of white scar tissue. Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy In severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, blood vessel walls weaken and leak fluid and lipids (yellow clumps) from the bloodstream into the substance of the retina, and may even bleed. Home Eye Conditions A-D E-M ... Frequently Asked Questions Diabetic Retinopathy Definition Symptoms Treatment Clinic Information Definition Diabetes can affect sight by causing cataracts, glaucoma, and most importantly, damage to blood vessels inside the eye, a condition known as "diabetic retinopathy". Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that is caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina. When blood vessels in the retina are damaged, they may leak blood and grow fragile, brush-like branches and scar tissue. This can blur or distort the vision images that the retina sends to the brain. Diabetic eye disease is a leading cause of blindness in the United States. People with untreated diabetes are said to be 25 times more at risk for blindness than the general population. The longer a person has had diabetes, the higher the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy. Fortunately, with regular, proper eye care and treatment when necessary, the incidence of severe vision loss has been greatly reduced. If you have diabetes, your ophthalmologist can help to prevent serious vision problems.

106. THE MERCK MANUALSECOND HOME EDITION, Diabetic Retinopathy In Ch. diabetic retinopathy. diabetic retinopathy is damage to the retina as a resultof diabetes. Diabetes mellitus can produce two types of changes in the eye. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual_home2/sec20/ch234/ch234h.jsp

107. Diabetic Retinopathy diabetic retinopathy. What Is diabetic retinopathy? diabetic retinopathy is apotentially blinding complication of diabetes that damages the eye s retina. http://www.visionconnection.org/Content/YourVision/EyeDisorders/DiabetesRelatedE

Home Your Vision Eye Disorders Diabetes-Related Eye Disease Diabetic Retinopathy What Is Diabetic Retinopathy? Diabetic retinopathy is a potentially blinding complication of diabetes that damages the eye's retina. It affects half of all Americans diagnosed with diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy occurs when diabetes damages the tiny blood vessels in the retina. At this point, most people do not notice any changes in their vision. Some people with diabetic retinopathy develop a condition called macular edema. It occurs when the damaged blood vessels leak fluid and lipids onto the macula, the part of the retina that lets us see detail. The fluid makes the macula swell, blurring vision. As the disease progresses, it enters its advanced, or proliferative, stage. Fragile, new blood vessels grow along the retina and in the clear, gel-like vitreous that fills the inside of the eye. Without timely treatment, these new blood vessels can bleed, cloud vision, and destroy the retina. What Are the Different Types of Diabetic Retinopathy? Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR) Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, also known as background retinopathy, is the early stage of diabetic retinopathy. In this stage, tiny blood vessels in the peripheral retina leak blood and fluid.

108. Diabetes & Diabetic Patient Education. DIABETES AND diabetic retinopathy. diabetic retinopathycan start without symptoms and it can get worse over time. http://bri.wustl.edu/edu_diabetes.html

Patient Education DIABETES AND DIABETIC RETINOPATHY Diabetes mellitus is a condition which impairs the body's ability to use and store sugar. Diabetes can cause serious changes in the blood vessels throughout the body, including the eye and kidney. It can cause complications with ulcers in the feet. Diabetic retinopathy can start without symptoms and it can get worse over time. If you are a diabetic, you can protect and preserve your eyesight by keeping your blood sugar under control, by learning about your eyes, by having eye exams regularly, and by following your doctor's treatment plan. What is diabetic retinopathy? Diabetes can weaken your body's blood vessels. If you have diabetic retinopathy, the blood vessels in the eye go through a series of changes. These changes include: 1. Leaking blood vessels. 2. Closed blood vessels. 3. Weak new blood vessels. What are the symptoms of diabetic retinopathy? Blurred vision can be a symptom of diabetic retinopathy, but sometimes patients who are diabetic have no symptoms of diabetic retinopathy. When bleeding occurs in proliferative retinopathy, patients describe symptoms of many floaters or spider webs in their field of vision, with a haziness to the vision.

109. Diabetes: Diabetic Retinopathy Your Rights Resp Diabetes diabetic retinopathy What is diabetic retinopathy? Diabeticretinopathy is the most common form of diabetic eye disease. http://www.hap.org/healthy_living/diabetes/d_retinopathy.php

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110. New England Eye Center - Vitreoretinal Disease - Diabetic Retinopathy diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes mellitus and your vision. Twentyfivepercent of diabetics have some form of diabetic retinopathy. http://www.neec.com/Vitreoretinal_Disease_Diabetic_Retinopathy.html

Diabetic Retinopathy Diabetes mellitus and your vision Diabetes mellitus effects fourteen million Americans. Twenty-five percent of diabetics have some form of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy accounts for twenty percent of new cases of blindness in the United States between the ages of forty-five and seventy-four. Blindness is twenty-five times more common in diabetics than in nondiabetics. However, proper management of diabetes and its ocular complications can reduce the risk of blindness by ninety percent. It is important to take an active role in controlling this disease. The information below can help you understand more about diabetes and what you can do to prevent its complications. Diabetes mellitus: the disease There are two main types of diabetic retinopathy. The first type is called Type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. This type typically starts at a young age and requires insulin for treatment. Insulin is a substance that the pancreas produces to lower blood glucose levels. The second type is called Type II or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. People affected by this type are usually over the age of forty. Type II is often controlled with diet alone or diet and oral medications that lower the glucose level. High levels of glucose in the blood can damage many organ systems, including the eye. The cause of diabetes mellitus is not completely known. Genetic, environmental, autoimmune and infectious components may play a role in its development.

111. WebHealthCentre.com - Expertspeak diabetic retinopathy. diabetic retinopathy is a highly vascularised eye complicationof both insulin dependent and noninsulin dependent of diabetes mellitus. http://www.webhealthcentre.com/expertspeak/dia_retino.asp

Home About Us Feedback Help ... More Topics Diabetic Retinopathy World Diabetes Day 2002 focuses on vision problems for Diabetics with the theme: "Your Eyes and Diabetes - Don’t Lose Sight of the Risks”. Dr P Namperumalsamy, MS, DO, FAMS, Director of Aravind Eye Care System, Madurai, explains the treatment options available for Diabetic Retinopathy. Who is at risk of diabetic retinopathy? Is it a prevalent condition amongst diabetes in India? Is the awareness high enough amongst us? What are the warning signals that should alert the patient? ... What are some of the recent advancements in the field of treating diabetic retinopathy? Who is at risk of diabetic retinopathy? Diabetic retinopathy is a highly vascularised eye complication of both insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent of diabetes mellitus. The modern medical treatment of diabetes mellitus has increased the life expectancy of diabetes, but only to succumb to vascular complications affecting the eyes, brain, heart and kidneys. The duration of diabetes mellitus seems to have a direct association with the progression of diabetic retinopathy than the severity of the disease. It is the persistent increased blood sugar which is a high risk factor in developing diabetic retinopathy. In addition the other risk factors are high blood pressure, smoking, alcohol consumption and increased serum lipids.

112. September 1996 - SMJ: Diabetic Retinopathy: A Review For The Primary Care Physic diabetic retinopathy Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of morbidity,a large percentage of which is due to diabetic retinopathy. http://www.sma.org/smj/96sept1.htm

Diabetic Retinopathy: A Review for the Primary Care Physician VIVIAN FONSECA, MD, MEDHA MUNSHI, MD, LAWRENCE M. MERIN, RBP, and J. DAVID BRADFORD, MD, Little Rock, AR ABSTRACT: Hyperglycemia can result in key biochemical reactions that may contribute to thickening of basement membranes, dysfunction of pericytes and endothelial cells, and closure of retinal vessels. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial has proved the value of good glycemic control in preventing retinopathy and/or delaying its progression. The primary care physician has a crucial role in translating these results into practice. Recognition and management of other risk factors, such as proteinuria, smoking, and hypertension, are easily done in the primary care setting. Also, appropriate referral to an ophthalmologist for retinal evaluation and treatment is both necessary and cost effective in reducing the burden of this devastating complication of diabetes. Fourteen million Americans have diabetes mellitus, but only half of them know it. Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of morbidity, a large percentage of which is due to diabetic retinopathy. This complication is the leading cause of legal blindness among working-age adults, 20 to 74 years old, in the United States.1 New treatment guidelines and advances in the medical and surgical management of diabetic retinopathy can reduce the risk of blindness by 90%. Even though careful screening, good control of blood glucose, and laser photocoagulation can help mitigate the effects of the disease, more than 50,000 patients suffer blindness from diabetes, with approximately 5,800 new cases reported annually.2 The primary reason for these grim statistics is that proven prevention and treatment strategies are underused.

113. DIABETIC RETINOPATHY SCREENING SERVICES IN SCOTLAND: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEME Report setting out the actions to be taken in Scotland to provide diabetic retinopathyscreening for all people with diabetes by March 2006. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/library5/health/drss-00.asp

sitestat("http://uk.sitestat.com/scottishexecutive/scottishexecutive/s?pubs.HealthandCommunityCa.DiabeticRetinopathyS.17638"); 2 June 2004 Home Topics About News ... Publications DIABETIC RETINOPATHY SCREENING SERVICES IN SCOTLAND: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION A REPORT BY THE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY SCREENING IMPLEMENTATION GROUP JUNE 2003 This document is also available in pdf format Diabetic Retinopathy Screening: Contents Foreword by the Minister for Health and Community Care Executive Summary Para. No Introduction Overview of the screening process Patients and the public Local developments ... Conclusions Annex A References and Further Reading B Membership of Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Implementation Group C Number of People with Diabetes and Number Receiving Diabetic Retinopathy Screening D Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Implementation Timetable ... J Organisations and Contacts Figures, Tables and Boxes Supplementary Documents Standards Document (NHS Quality Improvement Scotland Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Standards Working Group) Publication of draft Standards: May 2003 DRS Manual for NHS Boards (First edition) (National Services Division) Expected publication date: September 2003 Training Handbook for Retinal Screeners Expected publication date: June 2003 National patient information leaflet (in English) Expected publication date: June 2003 NOTES NHS Quality Improvement Scotland was established on 1 st Setting of standards/quality indicators, and monitoring and inspecting performance, incorporating the work of SHAS and CSBS.

114. CRD: Diabetic Retinopathy And Foot Ulcers Complications of Diabetes Screening for Retinopathy; Management of FootUlcers was published in August 1999. Significant new research http://www.york.ac.uk/inst/crd/ehc54warn.htm

Search Help Last updated 11/05/2004 Warning ! The contents of Effective Health Care bulletins are likely to be valid for around one year. Complications of Diabetes: Screening for Retinopathy; Management of Foot Ulcers was published in August 1999. Significant new research evidence may now have become available. To look for more recent reviews on this topic you may wish to search The Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE) or The Cochrane Library Click here to continue to the Effective Health Care bulletin Complications of Diabetes: Screening for Retinopathy; Management of Foot Ulcers You will need a copy of Adobe Acrobat Reader (Version 4 or later) to view and print the full text document. Go directly to the

115. Diabetes - Diabetic Retinopathy And Other Eye Problems What is diabetic retinopathy? diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindnessin American adults. What are the symptoms of diabetic retinopathy? http://www.muschealth.com/diabetes/eye.htm

Other Diabetic Eye Problems People with diabetes are also at risk for other diabetic eye diseases, such as: • cataract - clouding of the eye's lens. People with diabetes are twice as likely to develop a cataract. Cataracts can often be treated with surgery. • glaucoma - increase in fluid pressure inside the eye that leads to optic nerve damage and loss of vision. People with diabetes are also twice as likely as other adults to develop glaucoma. Glaucoma can often be treated with medications, or laser or other forms of surgery. Diabetic Retinopathy and Other Eye Problems What eye problems are often associated with diabetes? Diabetic eye disease refers to a group of eye problems that may occur in persons with diabetes as a complication. All can cause severe vision loss or even blindness. Diabetic eye disease can often be treated before vision loss occurs. All people with diabetes should have a dilated eye examination at least once a year. Diabetic eye diseases include the following: diabetic retinopathy cataract glaucoma Diabetic retinopathy is the most common eye disease in persons with diabetes.

116. Singapore National Eye Centre diabetic retinopathy. diabetic retinopathy is a disorder of the retinalblood vessels resulting from diabetes mellitus. Diabetic http://www.snec.com.sg/ecp/diabetic.asp

Cataract Refractive Errors PRK and LASIK Surgery Glaucoma ... Aesthetic Eyelid Surgery Diabetic Retinopathy Diabetic retinopathy is a disorder of the retinal blood vessels resulting from diabetes mellitus. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of new blindness in working adults in developed countries. The trend is also becoming similar in Singapore. The incidence of diabetic retinopathy increases with the duration of diabetes. About 60% of patients having diabetes for 15 years or more will have some blood vessel damage in their eyes and a percentage of these are at risk of developing blindness. Forms of Diabetic Retinopathy Background Retinopathy Background retinopathy is an early stage of diabetic retinopathy and progresses slowly over the years. The retina usually shows evidence of tiny blood spots or fatty deposits. A special photographic process is very helpful in detecting early effects of diabetic retinopathy. This is known as fundus flourescein angiography (FFA) and will sometimes be recommended by your ophthalmologist. The procedure involves injection of a dye through the arm into the blood stream. As the dye is carried to the eye, photographs of the retina are taken, showing areas of leakage or poor blood flow.

117. Dmretinopathy The maculopathy may occur in background diabetic retinopathy or in associationwith preproliferative or proliferative diabetic retinopathy. http://www.mrcophth.com/macula/dmretinopathy.html

Diabetic maculopathy Clinically significant macular oedema. Diabetic maculopathy treated with argon laser. Note: This is a very popular case, you must demonstrate to the examiner(s) that you know what is meant by significantly macular oedema (this is done through physical examination and not fluorescein angiography). The maculopathy may occur in background diabetic retinopathy or in association with preproliferative or proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The clinical appearance of the maculopathy alone cannot distinguish between ischaemic from non-ischaemic maculopathy. There are multiple dot and blot haemorrhages, microaneurysms and hard exudates (which may be circinate and form around a leaking microaneurysm). The presence of macula oedema is regarded as clinically significant if: a. retinal thickening at or within 500um of the centre of the macula b. hard exudates at or within 500um of the macular centre if associated with thickening of the adjacent retina c. retinal thickening at least one disc area in extent, any part of which is within one disc diameter of the macular centre.

118. Diabetes Diabetes. It is estimated that more than 200 million people have diabetes.They are at risk of losing sight due to diabetic retinopathy. http://www.lionsclubs.org/EN/content/programs_diab.shtml

Contact Us Home Site Map Select a Language ... Hearing Diabetes It is estimated that more than 200 million people have diabetes. They are at risk of losing sight due to diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy affects the retina,the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye that transmits visual messages via the optic nerve to the brain. When this delicate tissue is damaged by diabetic retinopathy, the result may be visual impairment or blindness. Diabetes awareness was adopted as a long-term commitment of the association in March 1984. The primary objective of the Lions program is to reduce the number of new cases of blindness caused by diabetic retinopathy through diabetes education, early detection and treatment, and support of research. Lions are especially encouraged to conduct awareness activities during the month of NovemberLions Diabetes Education Month. The Lions Diabetes Activity Guide (IAD163) features suggested diabetes service projects. Why is it important to know how diabetes affects the eyes? If you have diabetesor if someone close to you has this diseaseyou should know that diabetes can affect the eyes and cause visual impairment.

119. What's New: Diabetic Retinopathy Preferred Practice Pattern by stage of retinopathy with and without macular edema and contains an extensivediscussion of prevention and early detection of diabetic retinopathy. BR BR http://www.aao.org/aao/education/library/ppp/dr_new.cfm

Member Login Not a member? AAO Home Education Resource Center ... Member Alerts and Updates What’s New: Diabetic Retinopathy Preferred Practice Pattern™ The newly revised and published Diabetic Retinopathy Preferred Practice Pattern is a thorough evidence-based update on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with diabetic retinopathy. Extended discussion of prevention and early detection of diabetic retinopathy Table of recommended eye examination schedule for patients with diabetes Specific evidence-based recommendations for the initial eye evaluation of a patient with diabetes Table with detailed treatment and follow-up recommendations for each stage of retinopathy with and without macular edema Contains the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale Appendices contain information on treatment trial results, the importance of glycemic control, and cost-benefit analyses Available now in PDF format for downloading 33 pages, 98 references Print version for sale at $11 each for members and $16 for nonmembers Included in the PPP Collection—all 19 PPPs organized in a binder at a special low price Privacy Policy Contact Us Terms of Service Site Index

120. Eye Complications, Changes At Diagnosis, Background Retinopathy A guide to overviews of diabetes complications of the eyes, feet, kidneys, heart, skin and nerves. Related Products. diabetic Eye Disease $ 12.45 in several research studies, particularly the http://www.diabetesnet.com/eyes.html

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