1. Cryptosporidiosis Cold Season. Croup. cryptosporidiosis. Cytomegalovirus. Diphtheria. Ebola. Fight the Flu What is cryptosporidiosis? cryptosporidiosis (kriptoe-spo-rid-e-o-sis), is a diarrheal disease http://www.mamashealth.com/crypto.asp

Mamashealth.com Home Infectious Stuff Anthrax Battle the Cold Bronchitis Chicken Pox ... Yellow Fever Links Email Mama What is Cryptosporidiosis? Cryptosporidiosis (krip-toe-spo-rid-e-o-sis), is a diarrheal disease caused by a parasite. The parasite, is called Cryptosporidium parvum and is single celled. It can only be viewed under a microscopic. Cryptosporidium parvum can live in the intestine of humans and animals. The parasite is passed in the stool of an infected person or animal. The disease and the parasite are referred to as "Crypto." What is a Parasite? A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host. The cryptosporidium parvum parasite can survive outside of the body for long periods of time. It can do this because it is protected by an outer shell. The outer shell is very resistant to chlorine disinfection. Symptoms? Some people do not have symptoms. The most common symptom of cryptosporidiosis is watery diarrhea. Other symptoms are abdominal cramps, nausea, low-grade fever, dehydration, and weight loss. Symptoms usually appear between 2 and 10 days after being infected. They symptoms usually last for about two weeks. How is Crypto spread?

2. The Body: Prevention And Treatment Of Cryptosporidiosis Information resources on this opportunistic infection, from The Body. http://www.thebody.com/treat/cryptosp.html

Prevention and Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis The Basics Water Safety Preventing Cryptosporidiosis and Similar Illnesses Treatment for Cryptosporidiosis The Basics Cryptosporidiosis (November 22, 2003) To read PDF, click here From New Mexico AIDS InfoNet Preventing Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide for People With Compromised Immune Systems (January 2003) To read PDF, click here From Project Inform Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide for Persons with HIV/AIDS (August 4, 2001) From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cryptosporidiosis (March 21, 1997) A Simple Facts Sheet from AIDS Treatment Data Network Avoiding Cryptosporidiosis: What the HIV-Positive Patient Needs to Know (October 1996) From HIV Newsline Cryptosporidiosis in Patients with HIV Disease (October 1996) From HIV Newsline Water Safety Preventing Cryptosporidiosis and Similar Illnesses Kansas: Health Officials Search for Source of Parasite Outbreak (September 5, 2003) In The Prevention News Update , from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Revised Food, Water Safety Guidelines Released for People With HIV (June 9, 2003) In The Prevention News Update , from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention It's the Water (July 2000) In addition to drinking enough, people with HIV/AIDS need to consider water safety

3. Division Of Parasitic Diseases - Cryptosporidiosis Fact Sheet Back cryptosporidiosis (kriptoe-spo-rid-ee-oh-sis). What is Cryptosporidium? cryptosporidiosis (krip-toe-spo-rid-eo-sis), is a diarrheal http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/cryptosporidiosis/factsht_cryptosporidio

Alphabetical Listing Travel Cryptosporidiosis (krip-toe-spo-rid-ee-oh-sis) What is Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidiosis (krip-toe-spo-rid-e-o-sis), is a diarrheal disease caused by a microscopic parasite, Cryptosporidium parvum . It can live in the intestine of humans and animals and is passed in the stool of an infected person or animal. Both the disease and the parasite are also known as "Crypto." The parasite is protected by an outer shell that allows it to survive outside the body for long periods of time and makes it very resistant to chlorine disinfection. During the past two decades, Crypto has become recognized as one of the most common causes of waterborne disease (drinking and recreational) in humans in the United States. The parasite is found in every region of the United States and throughout the world. What are the symptoms of Crypto? Symptoms include diarrhea, loose or watery stool, stomach cramps, upset stomach, and a slight fever. Some people have no symptoms. How long after infection do symptoms appear? Symptoms generally begin 2-10 days after being infected.

4. Division Of Parasitic Diseases - Cryptosporidium Infection cryptosporidiosis (kriptoe-spo-rid-ee-oh-sis). Preventing cryptosporidiosis A Guide to Water Filters and Bottled Water. DPDx Lab Assistancecryptosporidiosis. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/cryptosporidiosis/default.htm

Alphabetical Listing Travel Cryptosporidiosis (krip-toe-spo-rid-ee-oh-sis) Cryptosporidiosis Preventing Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide to Water Filters and Bottled Water Preventing Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide for People with Compromised Immune Systems Cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidiosis Other Links Cryptosporidiosis Control and Prevention Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide for Persons with HIV/AIDS Cryptosporidiosis: Sources of Infection and Guidelines for Prevention Cryptosporidium and Water: A Public Health Handbook ... Recreational waterborne diseases Links outside CDC: Listings of Drinking Water Treatment Units Certified by NSF to Remove Cryptosporidium Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Publication of CDC Surveillance Summaries (February 28, 1992 / 41(08);145-146) Human Cryptosporidiosis Alabama (May 21, 1982 / 31(19);252-4) Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Cryptosporidiosis: Assessment of Chemotherapy of Males with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (November 12, 1982 / 31(44);589-592) Update: Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (March 09, 1984 / 33(9);117-9)

5. MedlinePlus: Cryptosporidiosis cryptosporidiosis. Printerfriendly version, E-mail this page to a friend. Search MEDLINE for recent research articles on • cryptosporidiosis. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cryptosporidiosis.html

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Other health topics: A B C D ... List of All Topics Cryptosporidiosis Contents of this page: News General/Overviews Diagnosis/Symptoms Prevention/Screening ... Organizations Search MEDLINE for recent research articles on Cryptosporidiosis You may also be interested in these MedlinePlus related pages: AIDS and Infections Drinking Water Parasitic Diseases Immune System/AIDS ... Infections Latest News Genome Sequence Reveals Leaner, Meaner Intestinal Parasite (03/26/2004, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) General/Overviews Cryptosporidiosis (National Center for Infectious Diseases, Division of Parasitic Diseases) Clinical Trials ClinicalTrials.gov: Cryptosporidiosis (National Institutes of Health) Diagnosis/Symptoms (American Association for Clinical Chemistry) Prevention/Screening Preventing Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide for People with Compromised Immune Systems (National Center for Infectious Diseases, Division of Parasitic Diseases) Preventing Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide to Water Filters and Bottled Water (National Center for Infectious Diseases, Division of Parasitic Diseases)

6. OI: Cryptosporidiosis -- ÆGIS cryptosporidiosis. crypto" This is part of a series on Opportunistic Infections (" OIs"). Please note that cryptosporidiosis is an infection of the intestines caused by a parasite Cryptosporidium parvum http://www.aegis.com/topics/oi/oi-crypto.html

Cryptosporidiosis "crypto" This is part of a series on Opportunistic Infections ("OIs"). Please note that This Page Is Just A Starting Point: who specializes in treating HIV. Finding The Latest Information: Advances in treating opportunistic infections can happen at any time, so the material on this page may be outdated. Some links in the see also section at the bottom of this page are actually special database links. They may contain information published after this page was written. Classification protozoal infection Description Cryptosporidiosis is an infection of the intestines caused by a parasite Cryptosporidium parvum The disease is spread through contaminated water or fecal-oral contact (e.g., rimming, or eating contaminated raw foods such as salad). Symptoms: diarrhea (watery and/or explosive), cramps, flatulence. The US Centers For Disease Control considers this an AIDS-defining condition Cryptosporidiosis, chronic intestinal (greater than 1 month's duration) Danger Zone Any CD4+ count can get cryptosporidiosis. Dangerous mainly for those with 50 or fewer CD4+ cells/mm NOTE: If you are undergoing treatment that has increased your CD4+ levels, see the important note on

7. EMedicine - Cryptosporidiosis : Article By Damon Eisen, MD Article by Damon Eisen, MD. http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic484.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Medicine, Ob/Gyn, Psychiatry, and Surgery Infectious Diseases Cryptosporidiosis Last Updated: March 10, 2004 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: calf scours, slim disease, Cryptosporidium parvum AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Damon Eisen, MD , Clinical Senior Lecturer, Department of Medicine, University of Queensland Editor(s): Jeffrey D Band, MD , Clinical Professor of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Director, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital; Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD , Senior Pharmacy Editor, Pharmacy, eMedicine; Joseph F John, Jr, MD , Chief, Medical Specialty Service, Charleston Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Professor, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina; Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD, PhD

8. DPDx - Cryptosporidiosis Causal Agent, Life Cycle, and Geographic Distribution from Juranek DD. cryptosporidiosis. In Strickland GT, Editor. Hunters Tropical Outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis have been reported in several countries, the most remarkable http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Cryptosporidiosis.htm

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9. Cryptosporidium Parvum Oocysts Waterborne Parasitic Protozoan Information related to the disease, routes of contamination, life cycle, testing and water treatment. http://wilkes.edu/~eqc/crypto.htm

Wilkes University Center for Environmental Quality GeoEnvironmental Sciences and Engineering Department Cryptosporidium Oocysts - Waterborne Pathogen Cryptosporidium Parvum Cryptosporidium is a protozoan organism which causes the parasitic infection, cryptosporidiosis. It exists in either the free-swimming (trophozoite) form or the oocyst (dormant) form. Cryptosporidium parvum is now recognized as a human pathogen which can cause severe diarrheal illness. Possible Sources Lifecycle Potential Health Hazards Treatment ... Testing SOURCE: Members of the genus Cryptosporidium are placed taxonomically within the phylum Apicomplexa, order Eucoccidiorida, suborder Eimeriorina, and family Cryptosporidiidae. Species infect epithelial surfaces, especially those along the gut, and can be found in a wide range of vertebrates, including humans. Cryptosporidium parvum infects the small intestine of an unusually wide range of mammals, including humans (Tyzzer, 1912). Ingestion of drinking water contaminated with viable Cryptosporidium oocysts, the environmentally resistant form of the organism, is the major mode of transmission. Cryptosporidium is introduced into the water supply via animal excreta containing oocysts. Important reservoirs of the oocysts include cattle, sheep and pigs. Cryptosporidium is also found in wild animal populations. The organism is more prevalent in ruminants such as deer, elk, moose and caribou and is primarily found in neonates of these species. Person to person transmission is common, especially in child daycare settings. Direct contact with infected animals, especially calves and lambs, can cause illness in exposed persons. Contaminated food can also cause infections.

10. Cryptosporidium Parvum Technical discussion covering transmission, biology, pathogenesis, prevention and control, future strategies for treatment and prevention, and related topics. http://www.cdfound.to.it/HTML/khan.htm

INTESTINAL (Protozoa) AND LIVER PARASITES SPOROZOEA Order: Eucoccidiida CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM A Review of Cryptosporidiosis Omar A. Khan , Associate Faculty, Dept. of International Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Suite 310, 111 Market Place Baltimore, Maryland 21202-4024 USA. Table of Contents Introduction Epidemiology Laboratory Aspects Sources of Information on Cryptosporidiosis ... References Introduction Cry3-ic C.parvum oocysts: diagnosis is based on identification of oocysts with specific stains as modified acid fast stain. Oocysts appear as bright pink to red organisms containing some dark granules and usually have a central clear area.(Mod. acid fast stain) By the mid-1950s, infectious diseases appeared to be receding from the U.S.. Today, microbial health threats are once more a source of concern; these diseases are in some cases resurgent, eg. tuberculosis, and some completely new to humans, eg. Cryptosporidiosis. Much has been made recently of these emerging infections, from Ebola to hantavirus to a new form of cholera.

11. Cryptosporidiosis Facts Factsheet with cause, signs and symptoms, risk factors, complications, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. http://www.astdhpphe.org/infect/crypto.html

Cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidiosis parasites are passed in the stool of infected persons and animals. People get cryptosporidiosis when they swallow the parasites. Sources of disease include parasite-containing stool, food, and water. Anyone can get cryptosporidiosis, but persons with weakened immune systems can develop serious, life-threatening illness. There is no specific treatment for cryptosporidiosis. Cryptosporidiosis can be prevented by washing hands, drinking safe water, eating safe food, and avoiding all contact with the stool of infected persons or animals. What is cryptosporidiosis? Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic illness that causes diarrhea. What is the infectious agent that causes cryptosporidiosis? Cryptosporidiosis is caused by Cryptosporidium parvum, a microscopic one-celled parasite that can live in the intestines of humans, farm animals, wild animals, and pets. Where is cryptosporidiosis found? Cryptosporidium parasites can be found anywhere in the environment that is contaminated by animal droppings or human waste. Cryptosporidium oocysts can contaminate soil and the food grown in it. They can get onto objects and surfaces that people touch. They can get into lakes, rivers, streams, and pools where people swim. They are also in many of the reservoirs that provide drinking water in the United States. How do people get cryptosporidiosis?

12. FDA/CFSAN Bad Bug Book Cryptosporidium Parvum Intestinal cryptosporidiosis is characterized by severe watery diarrhea but may, alternatively, be Pulmonary and tracheal cryptosporidiosis in humans is associated with coughing and http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~mow/chap24.html

C enter for F ood S A pplied N utrition Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook Cryptosporidium parvum 1. Name of the Organism: Cryptosporidium parvum Cryptosporidium parvum , a single-celled animal, i.e., a protozoa, is an obligate intracellular parasite. It has been given additional species names when isolated from different hosts. It is currently thought that the form infecting humans is the same species that causes disease in young calves. The forms that infect avian hosts and those that infect mice are not thought capable of infecting humans. Cryptosporidium sp. infects many herd animals (cows, goats, sheep among domesticated animals, and deer and elk among wild animals). The infective stage of the organism, the oocyst is 3 um in diameter or about half the size of a red blood cell. The sporocysts are resistant to most chemical disinfectants, but are susceptible to drying and the ultraviolet portion of sunlight. Some strains appear to be adapted to certain hosts but cross-strain infectivity occurs and may or may not be associated with illness. The species or strain infecting the respiratory system is not currently distinguished from the form infecting the intestines. 2. Nature of Acute Disease:

13. Division Of Parasitic Diseases - Cryptosporidium Infection Update Treatment of cryptosporidiosis in Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS Epidemiologic Notes and Reports cryptosporidiosis among Children Attending DayCare http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/cryptosporidiosis

Alphabetical Listing Travel Cryptosporidiosis (krip-toe-spo-rid-ee-oh-sis) Cryptosporidiosis Preventing Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide to Water Filters and Bottled Water Preventing Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide for People with Compromised Immune Systems Cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidiosis Other Links Cryptosporidiosis Control and Prevention Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide for Persons with HIV/AIDS Cryptosporidiosis: Sources of Infection and Guidelines for Prevention Cryptosporidium and Water: A Public Health Handbook ... Recreational waterborne diseases Links outside CDC: Listings of Drinking Water Treatment Units Certified by NSF to Remove Cryptosporidium Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Publication of CDC Surveillance Summaries (February 28, 1992 / 41(08);145-146) Human Cryptosporidiosis Alabama (May 21, 1982 / 31(19);252-4) Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Cryptosporidiosis: Assessment of Chemotherapy of Males with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (November 12, 1982 / 31(44);589-592) Update: Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (March 09, 1984 / 33(9);117-9)

14. CDC/NCHSTP-Division Of HIV/AIDS Prevention CDCOpportunistic Infection Series, covering cryptosporidiosis, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Toxoplasmosis, Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia (PCP), and opportunistic infections from handling pets or other animals. http://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/hiv_aids/pubs/brochure.htm

The Internet address for this web page at the CDC has changed. Please update your bookmarks. In about 5 seconds you will be redirected to the new Internet address, or click here http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pubs/brochure.htm

15. ADAP Drugs: Paromomycin Used to treat diarrhea in people who are infected with cryptosporidiosis (crypto) or intestinal amoebiasis. Site includes drug description, side effects, and dosage. http://www.atdn.org/access/drugs/paro.html

paromomycin (Humatin) Drug description Paromomycin is used to treat diarrhea in people who are infected with cryptosporidiosis (crypto) or intestinal amoebiasis. Cryptosporidiosis is caused by a tiny organism which invades the intestinal tract. Crypto is one of the most common and certainly the most devastating gastrointestinal infection in people with HIV. Infection can occur with T4 cell counts under 100. The severity and duration of crypto are directly dependent on the immune status of the person infected. The primary symptom is diarrhea, which is profuse, watery, non-bloody, and often chronic. Infection is often accompanied by accelerated weight loss, as much as 20-30 percent of total body weight within a few weeks. Vomiting and crampy abdominal pain, at times severe, occur frequently as the illness persists. Anorexia, flatulence, and muscle aches occur, but fever is unusual. A recent study found that although cryptosporidiosis can sometimes get better on it's own, treatment with paromomycin was no better than a placebo or dummy pill. Side effects Adverse GI effects of paromomycin include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, gastric burning and pain, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea.

16. Page Moved - Cryptosporidiosis What is cryptosporidiosis? cryptosporidiosis is an intestinal illness caused by a microscopic human disease until 1976. cryptosporidiosis was added to the list of reportable http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/consumer/crypto.htm

location.href="/nysdoh/communicable_diseases/en/crypto.htm"; Page moved click here if your browser does not forward you to the new page. http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/communicable_diseases/en/crypto.htm

17. Cryptosporidiosis - The Body: An AIDS And HIV Information Resource Powered by ExpertViewpoint. cryptosporidiosis. cryptosporidium.. medical alternative treatment suggestions (Oct 26, 2001) MAC and http://www.thebody.com/Forums/AIDS/Infections/Archive/Cryptosporidiosis/

Home Forum on Opportunistic Infections Answers to Questions by Category Cryptosporidiosis (Oct 26, 2001) MAC and cryptosporidosis (Feb 7, 2000) Spiramycin for cryptosporidiosis (Jan 7, 2000) Please remember that this forum is designed for educational purposes only, and experts are not engaged in rendering medical advice or professional services. Information they provide is general only, and should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or a disease. This information is not a substitute for professional care. If you have or suspect you may have a health problem, you should consult your health care provider. Experts appearing on this page are independent. They are solely responsible for editing and fact-checking their material. Neither The Body nor any sponsor is the publisher or speaker of their material.

18. Cryptosporidiosis - Learn More From MedlinePlus Find the latest news stories, overviews, research and more on cryptosporidiosis from MedlinePlus, the National Library of Medicine's consumer health site. http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cryptosporid

19. Communicable Disease Fact Sheet cryptosporidiosis. Version en español. Further Information Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research. What is cryptosporidiosis? http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/communicable_diseases/en/crypto.htm

Return to Communicable Disease Home Page From the ... What's New Cryptosporidiosis (crip-toe-spor-id-i-ho-sis) Information for People with Weakened Immune Systems Further Information Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research What is cryptosporidiosis? Cryptosporidiosis is an intestinal illness caused by a microscopic parasite called Cryptosporidium. Approximately 400-500 cases are reported in New York State each year. Is cryptosporidiosis a new disease? Although Cryptosporidium is not new, it was not recognized as a cause of human disease until 1976. Cryptosporidiosis was added to the list of reportable diseases in New York State in February 1994. What are the symptoms of cryptosporidiosis? The most common symptom is diarrhea, which is usually watery. It is often accompanied by abdominal cramping. Nausea, vomiting, fever, headache and loss of appetite may also occur. Some people infected with Cryptosporidium may not become ill. Who is susceptible to cryptosporidiosis and how long does the illness last? All people are presumed susceptible to infection with Cryptosporidium. In healthy individuals with normal immune systems, signs and symptoms generally persist for two weeks or less. However, immunocompromised persons (those with weak immune systems) may have severe and long lasting illness. Some examples of immunocompromised people are those receiving cancer chemotherapy, kidney dialysis or steroid therapy, people with HIV/AIDS and patients with Crohns disease.

20. Simple Facts Sheets: Cryptosporidiosis cryptosporidiosis. cryptosporidiosis is caused by Cryptosporidium, a protozoa infection that usually infects the gastrointestinal tract. http://www.aegis.com/factshts/network/simple/crypto.html

a Simple Facts Sheet from the AIDS Treatment Data Network cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidiosis is caused by Cryptosporidium, a protozoa infection that usually infects the gastrointestinal tract. The most common symptom is diarrhea along with cramping abdominal pain, especially in the right side. The diarrhea can be profuse and watery. Infection can also cause loss of appetite and vomiting. In people whose immune systems aren't compromised, infection is either without symptoms or symptoms go away on their own, usually in 30 days. However, in young children and immunocompromised adults, infection can cause severe and lengthy illness. Diagnosis is made by the identification of the parasite in fecal smears or by intestinal biopsy. Cryptosporidiosis has recently been added to the list of infections that must be reported by doctors and other health-care providers to the New York City Department of Health. The primary way of getting infected is person to person via the fecal-oral route. Those at highest risk are young children, especially those in day care, those who engage in oral-anal sex, and close personal contacts of infected patients. Some outbreaks have been traced to water supply systems. Cryptosporidiosis was first found in a human in 1976. Before that, cryptosporidiosis was thought to only infect animals and was considered a veterinary problem. Around 1983, the number of human cases began to rise.

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