61. Endoscopic & Minimally-Invasive Treatment For Craniosynostosis - Childrens Hospi Endoscopic MinimallyInvasive Treatment for craniosynostosis - Childrens Hospital San Diego, serving the communities of Chula Vista, National City, El Cajon http://www.chsd.org/1379.cfm

Craniofacial Services - Home About Craniosynostosis Core Team Members Distraction Osteogenesis ... Resources Treatment of Craniosynostosis: A Team Approach With the newer endoscopic techniques, the earlier the surgery, the better the outcome. We recommend immediate referral for any patient with a serious head deformity secondary to craniosynostosis to determine if the patient qualifies for the endoscope or minimally invasive approach. Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Craniofacial Surgery endoscopes Before (Pre-Op) After Endoscopic Correction Band Therapy Minimally invasive, endoscopically assisted strip craniectomy has been successful for early treatment of craniosynostosis. Physicians have reported excellent results for patients with sagittal synostosis when they use an endoscopic technique and combined strip synostectomy with postoperative helmet molding. By operating as early as possible, our group along with others have produced comparable results to standard cranial vault reshaping with less blood loss, shorter operating times and earlier discharge from the hospital. Before After 2 month-old girl with Sagittal Synostosis- Before and 3 months after Endoscopic Correction Traditional vs. Endoscopic correction:

62. Craniosynostosis craniosynostosis,. Print this article, craniosynostosis, Table 1. Primary suture fusions with their corresponding skull deformities. http://www.amershamhealth.com/medcyclopaedia/medical/Volume VI 1/CRANIOSYNOSTOSI

Amershamhealth.com Search for: Type a word or a phrase. All forms of the word are searchable. Browse entry words starting with: A B C D ... Other characters Craniosynostosis, premature suture fusion, usually associated with some form of cranial deformity. Fusion may involve single or multiple sutures and may be primary and isolated, primary and part of a wider spectrum of anomalies in different congenital syndromes, or secondary to different causes. Craniosynostosis, Table 1. Primary suture fusions with their corresponding skull deformities. Coronal, unilateral Plagiocephaly Coronal, bilateral Brachycephaly Metopic Trigonocephaly Sagittal Scaphocephaly (dolichocephaly) Lambdoid, unilateral Plagiocephaly Lambdoid, bilateral Brachycephaly Coronal, sagittal Oxycephaly (turricephaly) Coronal, lambdoid, sagittal Cloverleaf skull Craniosynostosis, Table 2. Primary craniosynostoses associated with congenital syndromes. Acrocephalosyndactyly Apert's syndrome Acrocephalopolysyndactyly Carpenter's syndrome Craniofacial dysostosis Crouzon's disease LaurenceMoonBiedelBardet syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome Chondrodystrophia calcificans congenita Conradi's syndrome Craniotelencephalic dysplasia Among the causes of secondary fusion are: rickets, hypophosphatasia, idiopathic hypercalcaemia, mucopolysaccharidoses, achondroplasia and congenital haemolytic icterus.

63. Craniosynostosis craniosynostosis,. Print this article, premature fusion of one or more of the calvarial sutures, resulting in local cessation of growth http://www.amershamhealth.com/medcyclopaedia/medical/Volume III 1/CRANIOSYNOSTOS

Amershamhealth.com Search for: Type a word or a phrase. All forms of the word are searchable. Browse entry words starting with: A B C D ... Other characters Craniosynostosis, premature fusion of one or more of the calvarial sutures, resulting in local cessation of growth and distortion of the calvarium. Identification of the affected sutures can be done with plain radiographs, (see bone maturation ) and CT scanning is useful in delineating associated abnormalities of the face and central nervous system. Involved sutures appear as straight rather than a serrated radiolucent lines, as regions of bone proliferation at the suture line, or as frank osseous fusion. Craniosynostoses can be primary (occurring as an isolated phenomenon or in conjunction with other malformation syndromes) or secondary (occurring in association with rickets, hypophosphatasia, thyroid disorders, and hypercalcaemia or after surgical decompression of the intracranial contents). Certain patients with craniosynostosis have characteristic abnormalities of the limbs (see acrocephalopolysyndactyly acrocephalosyndactyly ). Most commonly the sagittal suture alone is involved, and the patient has an increased anteroposterior diameter of the skull and a decreased biparietal diameter. Bilateral synostosis of the coronal sutures is characterized by a skull with a small anteroposterior diameter, often with a decrease in the depth of the orbits and hypoplasia of the maxillae. Unilateral closure of one of the coronal sutures leads to flattening of the orbit on the involved side. This abnormality is visualized best with the submentovertical projection of the skull. The frontal projection shows a classic harlequin-shaped orbit. Unilateral closure of a lambdoid suture produces flattening the back of the head on the involved side (

64. Washington University: Pediatric Neurosurgery / Clinical Programs: Craniosynosto Clinical Programs craniosynostosis Clinic During the first few years of life, the child s head is growing and changing. The skull http://pedns.wustl.edu/cranioclinic.htm

Clinical Programs : Craniosynostosis Clinic During the first few years of life, the child's head is growing and changing. The skull, composed of the thin bones of the vault and the thicker bones at the cranial base, are adapting and accomodating the developing and expanding brain. This growth is quite rapid during the first 18 months of life, and continues for some years more. The growth and shape of the skull can be affected by many factors - some externally applied, some the result of problems with the brain, and some the result of direct abnormalities of the skull's development. The Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery is actively involved in the evaluation and treatment of the various abnormalities of skull growth and shape. These problems are diagnosed with a combination of clinical evaluation and radiographic imaging techniques . Many of the misshapen heads seen by our department are the result of positional plagiocephaly (deformation), and do not require surgical treatment. We have experienced orthotists available to assist in the molding helmet correction of these problems without surgery. If surgery is required, the members of the department are skilled in the various surgical techniques used for remodeling and reconstruction of the skull. Even the most complex cranio-facial surgeries are routinely undertaken, taking advantage of our experienced surgical and post-surgical teams, including the pediatric neuro-anesthesiologists and pediatric intensive care unit staff. Our surgeons work in conjunction with the plastic surgeons of the St. Louis Children's Hospital Craniofacial Team on cases of severe malformations of the face and skull and those associated with other syndromes (such as Apert's and Crouzon's syndromes).

65. Craniosynostosis craniosynostosis. Definition. Child with normal head size and shape does not have craniosynostosis. • Natural history of uncorrected craniosynostosis. http://www.ucch.org/sections/neurosurg/NeuroReview/11-Pediatrics/Craniosynostosi

Craniosynostosis Definition Classification Affected Suture single suture synostosis (as listed below), while the minority are syndromic (i.e. Apert's, Crouzon's, and Phieffer's). Saggital (most common) Coronal Lambdoid (least common) Metopic Multiple suture synostosis Morphological Scaphocephaly . Elongated in AP direction and narrow in biparietal dimension with a posterior "keel" and a frontal "boss". Trigonocephaly . Pointed forehead and triangular skull. Plagiocephaly Anterior. Anterior flattening of one portion of skull. Posterior. Posterior flattening of one portion of skull. Brachycephaly . Broadening of skull with short AP diameter, recessed lower forehead and supraorbital boss. Oxycephaly . Pointed skull. Turicephaly . Very high pointed skull with vertical forehead. Epidemiology Etiology Congenital Metabolic conditions affecting bone formation. Skull base abnormality with transmission of force by dural bands. Intrauterine events, genetic determinants, syndromes (e.g., Crouzon's, Apert's). Teratogens (phenytoin, valproate, aminopterin, vitamin A).

66. Association Between Maternal Smoking And Craniosynostosis - Birth Defects, NCBDD Return to Key Findings. Association between Maternal Smoking and craniosynostosis. craniosynostosis affects approximately 5 infants per 10,000 liveborn infants. http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/bd/matsmok.htm

NCBDDD Home Esta página en Español Birth Defects Folic Acid Campaign ... Contact Us Thank you for visiting the CDC-NCBDDD Web site. In order to contact the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, please click here Key Findings from Recent Birth Defects and Pediatric Genetics Branch Projects Return to Key Findings Association between Maternal Smoking and Craniosynostosis CDC scientists studied craniosynostosis, a disorder in which the sutures of the skull fuse prematurely resulting in an abnormally shaped skull, among infants born in Metropolitan Atlanta during 1968-1980. Craniosynostosis affects approximately 5 infants per 10,000 live-born infants. Craniosynostosis affects approximately twice as many male infants as female infants. Two recent studies suggested an increased risk for craniosynostosis among infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy. In our study, mothers who smoked cigarettes at all during pregnancy were about twice as likely to have an infant with craniosynostosis as mothers who did not smoke during pregnancy.

67. Plastic And Reconstructive Surgery | Craniofacial Anomalies | Craniosynostosis S craniosynostosis Syndromes. Premature closure of multiple sutures, including facial sutures, is seen in individuals with a craniosynostosis syndrome. http://www.ucsfhealth.org/childrens/medical_services/plassur/cranio/conditions/c

University of California, San Francisco About UCSF Quick Links... Admissions Appointments Billing Calendar Clinical Trials Clinics Conditions and Treatments Contact a Patient Contact Us Directions and Maps For Health Professionals Jobs Make A Donation Medical Dictionary Medical Tests News Patient Profiles Specialized Services UCSF Medical Center Volunteer Services Search Medical Services Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Topics Craniofacial Anomalies To Visit Us ... Other Resources Craniofacial Anomalies Print Format Craniosynostosis Syndromes Signs and Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Signs and Symptoms Craniosynostosis is a term that refers to the early fusing or closing of one or more of the sutures (openings) in the skull during fetal development. The skull is composed of multiple bones separated by sutures. If any of these fuse prematurely, the skull expands in the direction of the open sutures, which results in an abnormally shaped head. Premature closure of a single suture sometimes is caused by space constraints in utero, which is why it occurs more often in twins. Single suture closure usually is not associated with a syndrome nor is it genetic in nature. Premature closure of multiple sutures, including facial sutures, is seen in individuals with a craniosynostosis syndrome. The most common craniosynostosis syndromes are Crouzon, Pfeiffer and Apert. In these syndromes, several sutures in the head are fused, which results in abnormal head shapes. Often bones in the face also are fused, making the middle area of the face flat and the eyes protrude. Other characteristics vary by syndrome, for example children with Apert syndrome have syndactyly (webbing) of the hands and feet.

68. Craniosynostosis - Medical Dictionary Definitions Of Popular Medical Terms craniosynostosis Premature fusion of the cranial sutures (the fibrous joints between the bones of the skull) in an infant, preventing normal growth of the http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=20866

69. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Musculoskeletal_Di Support Groups@ (2). News about craniosynostosis full story. More news about craniosynostosis . Books about craniosynostosis http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Musculoskel

Match: sort by: relevance date Free Services Subscribe by email RSS newsfeeds PDA-friendly format loc="/images/" A A A Find Jobs In: Healthcare Engineering Accounting College Contract / Freelance Customer Service Diversity Engineering Executive Healthcare Hospitality Human Resources Information Tech International Manufacturing Nonprofit Retail All Jobs by Job Type All Jobs by Industry Relocating? Visit: Moving Resources Moving Companies Mortgage Information Mortgage Calculator Real Estate Lookup Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Congenital Anomalies Craniosynostosis (10 links) Support Groups News about Craniosynostosis Chemical Messenger Controls Bone Growth In Embryos, Study Finds (April 3, 2002) full story Children’s Brain Tumors, Other Nervous System Disorders Frequently Treatable (September 29, 2000) full story 12-Year-Old Oregon Girl Is First Child To Receive New Bone Growth Material In Her Skull (August 31, 1999) full story (August 30, 1999) full story [ More news about Craniosynostosis Books about Craniosynostosis Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change.

70. Craniosynostosis, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Information about craniosynostosis, including symptoms and treatment, provided by Cincinnati Children s Hospital Medical Center. craniosynostosis. http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/info/neurology/diagnose/craniosynostos

Home Contact Us Site Map Go to Advanced Search ... Chiari Malformation Craniosynostosis Epilepsy and Seizures Fever-related Seizures Headaches Hydrocephalus ... Treatment Conditions and Diagnoses Craniosynostosis Related Services Neurosurgery Plastic Surgery What is craniosynostosis? Craniosynostosis, or simply synostosis, is the early growing together or fusion of two or more bones of the skull. A newborn's skull is made up of many separate bones that are not yet fused together. Because the brain grows quickly in the first two years of life, it is important that the skull bones not be fused yet. In fact, complete fusion of the bones normally occurs late in the teen years. Synostosis interferes with normal growth of the brain and skull. What is the cause of synostosis? Doctors haven't found all the causes for synostosis. In some case the cause appears to be genetic. What are the symptoms of synostosis? Craniosynostosis causes a change in the normal shape of the head. If a suture the seam between two skull bones is fused, it cannot grow, and the bones with open sutures then grow more than usual to allow enough room for brain growth. In many children the only symptom may be an irregularly shaped head. Some, however, will experience unusually high pressure on the brain, initially causing headaches. If left untreated, some children may then develop learning disabilities or problems with their eyesight. Early in life the brain is spared damage from this pressure by the other bones growing to accommodate the growing brain.

71. Craniofacial Anomalies - Craniosynostosis For a doctor who specializes in this topic, click here. craniosynostosis. What is craniosynostosis? What causes craniosynostosis? http://www.chkd.org/Craniofacial/cranio_jh.asp

More Health Information Adolescent Medicine Allergy/Immunology Anesthesiology Arthritis Burns Cardiology Craniofacial Dental Medicine Dermatology Developmental Peds Diabetes Digestive Ear, Nose, Throat Genetics Gastroenterology Growth Hematology High Risk Newborn High Risk Pregnancy Infectious Disease Mental Health Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Normal Newborn Normal Pregnancy Oncology Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatric Intensive Care Pediatric Surgery Pediatrics Physical Medicine Plastic Surgery Respiratory/Pulmonology Rheumatology Safety Surgery Terminal Transplant Urology Site Search For a doctor who specializes in this topic, click here. Craniosynostosis What is craniosynostosis? The normal skull consists of several plates of bone that are separated by sutures.The sutures (fibrous joints) are found between the bony plates in the head. As the infant grows and develops, the sutures close, forming a solid piece of bone, called the skull. Craniosynostosis is a condition in which the sutures close too early, causing problems with normal brain and skull growth. Premature closure of the sutures may also cause the pressure inside of the head to increase and the skull or facial bones to change from a normal, symmetrical appearance. What causes craniosynostosis?

72. Craniosynostosis craniosynostosis. craniosynostosis, or premature fusion of the skull plates, occurs in about one in 2,000 infants. It can be an isolated http://www.drhull.com/EncyMaster/C/craniosynostosis.html

Help for sleepless parents Encyclopedia Index C craniosynostosis Search craniosynostosis Craniosynostosis, or premature fusion of the skull plates, occurs in about one in 2,000 infants. It can be an isolated abnormality or part of a broader malformation syndrome The joints between the plates are called the sutures . Craniosynostosis occurs when for whatever reason, sporadic or as part of a larger problem, one or more of these sutures fuse prematurely. Constrained abnormally in one part of the skull, brain growth forces the remainder of the skull to expand out of proportion, leading to abnormal skull shape. Isolated sagittal synostosis (the suture that runs from the anterior fontanelle to the posterior fontanelle) occurs in about 55% of cases and isolated coronal suture synostosis (the suture that runs down laterally from the anterior fontanelle) occurs in 20% of cases. Diagnosis of craniosynostosis is by xrays, and increasingly by CT scan . Early evaluation and possible neurosurgical intervention is imperative, since the synostosis may be a marker for a larger pattern of abnormalities, and if synostosis is left uncorrected, head and facial shape can be severely affected. There is also concern that some forms of synostosis can cause damage to the infant brain by constraint of normal brain growth.

73. The DRM WebWatcher: Craniosynostosis A Disability Resources Monthly guide to the best online resources about craniosynostosis and related conditions. http://www.disabilityresources.org/CRANIO.html

Home Subjects States Librarians ... Contact Us The DRM WebWatcher Craniosynostosis Updated 2/2004 A B C D ... About/Hint/Link Craniosynostosis is a congenital anomaly characterized by premature closure of one or more cranial sutures before the completion of brain growth. These websites provide more information. Craniosynostosis This fact sheet from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke provides basic information about craniosynostosis, including treatment, prognosis, research, and resources. Craniosynostosis This fact sheet from the American Association of Neurological Surgeons / Congress of Neurological Surgeons provides an overview of the disorder, frequently asked questions, and other resources. Craniosynostosis A fact sheet with a focus on surgery from the Children's Medical Center of Dallas. Related Subjects Facial Differences Resources in your state (c) 1997-2001 Disability Resources, inc.

74. UCLA NEUROSURGERY | Pediatric Diseases & Disorders PEDIATRIC DISEASES DISORDERS craniosynostosis. What is craniosynostosis? craniosynostosis refers to a state of premature closure of cranial sutures. http://neurosun.medsch.ucla.edu/Diagnoses/Pediatric/PediatricDis_2.html

Craniosynostosis PEDIATRIC PROGRAM PEDIATRIC EPILEPSY SURGERY PROGRAM PEDIATRIC DIAGNOSES INDEX What is craniosynostosis? Craniosynostosis refers to a state of premature closure of cranial sutures. Craniosynostosis is pathologic only when it occurs abnormally early in development. How common is Craniosynostosis? Craniosynostosis is reported to occur approximately once per 1900 live births. There is considerable variation in the severity of the cosmetic manifestations, and the less severe ones are often not recognized or recorded. Is Craniosynostosis inherited? There is no evidence of a familial disorder or recognized syndrome in the great majority of patients with premature closure of a single suture. Craniosynostosis can occur as a part of a larger pattern of abnormalities. The list of syndromes associated with craniosynostosis is very large and includes 11 chromosomal syndromes, 27 monogenic syndromes (e.g. Apert's and Crouzon's syndrome), two teratogen-induced syndromes, and 18 syndromes of unknown cause. How is Craniosynostosis classified?

75. Craniosynostosis Syndromes What is craniosynostosis? craniosynostosis is a term that refers or Pfeiffer syndrome. How is craniosynostosis treated? A child with http://dentistry.ucsf.edu/cranio/craniosynostosis.htm

What is craniosynostosis? Craniosynostosis is a term that refers to the early fusing of one or more of the sutures in the skull during fetal development. The skull is composed of multiple bones that are separated by sutures or openings. If any of these sutures fuse prematurely, the skull will expand in the direction of the open sutures resulting in an abnormal head shape. Premature closure of a single suture can be caused by space constraints in utero. This is seen with twins more often than with a single fetus. Single suture closure is usually not associated with a syndrome and not genetic in nature. Premature closure of multiple sutures, including facial sutures, are seen in individuals with a craniosynostosis syndrome. The most common craniosynostosis syndromes are Crouzon, Pfeiffer and Apert. In these syndromes, several sutures in the head are fused resulting in abnormal skull shapes. Bones in the face also are fused, resulting in a flat midface and protruding eyes. Children with Apert syndrome also have syndactyly (webbing) of the hands and feet.

76. A Dictionary Of Various Types Of Craniofacial Disorders a key to better outcomes and fewer complications. craniosynostosis Positionrelated skull deformities — Non-suture related skull http://www.choa.org/library/conditions/cranio_conditions.shtml

77. Craniosynostosis craniosynostosis, craniosynostosis consists of deformities of the skull resulting from premature closure of the gaps, or sutures, between the skull bones. http://www.kron4.com/global/story.asp?s=1230352

78. TheFetus.net - Craniosynostosis: Cloverleaf Skull-Luis Díaz Guerrero, MD, Sosa 200112-.4-15 craniosynostosis cloverleaf skull © Guerrero http//www.thefetus.net/. craniosynostosis cloverleaf skull. Luis D?az http://www.thefetus.net/page.php?id=343

79. HealthCentral.com craniosynostosis. craniosynostosis consists of deformities of the skull resulting from premature closure of the gaps, or sutures, between the skull bones. http://www.healthcentral.com/library/librarycontent.cfm?id=380

80. Welcome To The UC Davis Children S Hospital Cleft Craniofacial craniosynostosis occurs when one or more of the bone plates in the skull fuse early. This gives people with craniosynostosis an unusualshaped head. http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/cleft/craniofacial/guide/about/craniosynostosis.htm

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