21. The Simian Line Her quotations collection, information on selfinjury, anosmia, craniosynostosis, and other details of her life. http://www.angelfire.com/md2/simianline/

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22. Asher's CS Home Page Asher s craniosynostosis home page. Contents. were fused. That was the first time I had ever heard the word craniosynostosis . Asher http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/Villa/3462/

Asher's Craniosynostosis home page Contents Asher's Story Links to information about Craniosynostosis Contact Information Asher's Story Asher Kenan was born in South Korea on April 7, 1995. He arrived in the United States that Labor Day and was placed into the arms of his adoptive family. We had read in his medical reports that his occipital area (the back of his head) was "flattened" and his foster mother had been instructed to position him on his sides when lying down. When he came, his face was absolutely adorable but when he turned sideways it was a startling sight. The back of his head was completely flat and seemed to end evenly with the back of his neck. Later that day we also discovered that he had no soft spot and that his skull seemed to be bulging out over the top of his ears. Still, we believe it was all due to the Korean practice of sleeping babies on their backs and that, in time, his head shape would normalize. Four days after his arrival, we took Asher for a check up with our family doctor. I couldn’t help but notice the doctor’s worried look when he saw us in the hall. The doctor carefully examined Asher and then told me, "I think he is a brachy baby. We’ll need a skull x-ray to be sure". I reluctantly consented but asked few questions believing that the doctor was simply culturally biased and that the condition was purely positional. Late that Friday night, the doctor called us at home. His fears were valid. Both of the lambdoid sutures in Asher’s skull were fused. That was the first time I had ever heard the word "craniosynostosis".

23. Asher's CS Home Page Describes a family's experience with CS. Includes information and links about the condition and its treatment. http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/Villa/3462/index.html

Asher's Craniosynostosis home page Contents Asher's Story Links to information about Craniosynostosis Contact Information Asher's Story Asher Kenan was born in South Korea on April 7, 1995. He arrived in the United States that Labor Day and was placed into the arms of his adoptive family. We had read in his medical reports that his occipital area (the back of his head) was "flattened" and his foster mother had been instructed to position him on his sides when lying down. When he came, his face was absolutely adorable but when he turned sideways it was a startling sight. The back of his head was completely flat and seemed to end evenly with the back of his neck. Later that day we also discovered that he had no soft spot and that his skull seemed to be bulging out over the top of his ears. Still, we believe it was all due to the Korean practice of sleeping babies on their backs and that, in time, his head shape would normalize. Four days after his arrival, we took Asher for a check up with our family doctor. I couldn’t help but notice the doctor’s worried look when he saw us in the hall. The doctor carefully examined Asher and then told me, "I think he is a brachy baby. We’ll need a skull x-ray to be sure". I reluctantly consented but asked few questions believing that the doctor was simply culturally biased and that the condition was purely positional. Late that Friday night, the doctor called us at home. His fears were valid. Both of the lambdoid sutures in Asher’s skull were fused. That was the first time I had ever heard the word "craniosynostosis".

24. Michal Glanz Craniosynostosis English and Hebrew information on craniosynostosis based on the personal case of Michal Glanz from Israel. http://www.geocities.com/michalglanz

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25. Grand Rounds Archives craniosynostosis SYNDROMES J. Cary Moorhead, MD June 24, 1993. SaethreChotzen is possibly the most common of all the craniosynostosis syndromes. http://www.bcm.tmc.edu/oto/grand/62493.html

Grand Rounds Archives The information contained within the Grand Rounds Archive is intended for use by doctors and other health care professionals. These documents were prepared by resident physicians for presentation and discussion at a conference held at The Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. No guarantees are made with respect to accuracy or timeliness of this material. This material should not be used as a basis for treatment decisions, and is not a substitute for professional consultation and/or peer-reviewed medical literature. CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS SYNDROMES J. Cary Moorhead, MD June 24, 1993 Craniosynostosis arises from the premature closure of cranial suture lines, which leads to maldevelopment of the cranial cavity and other craniofacial features. It is a feature of a multitude of medical conditions. These can be grossly divided into those that are associated with syndromes and those that are not. The syndromes associated with craniosynostosis can be further broken down by etiology into those resulting from a monogenic, or Mendelian, mode of inheritance, from specific chromosomal defects, from environmental teratogens, and from other factors which are as yet unknown. The syndromes covered in this review are inherited in a monogenic fashion, and represent some of the more common syndromes. Apert's syndrome is characterized by irregular craniosynostosis, midfacial hypoplasia, and symmetric syndactyly of the hands and feet. The incidence is quoted at 1 in 115,000 births, although this may be an underestimate. Cases are usually sporadic mutations, although an autosomal dominant mode of transmission from affected parents has been shown.

26. Craniosynostosis craniosynostosis. http://www.bcm.tmc.edu/pednsurg/disorder/craniosyn.htm

Craniosynostosis (See also Craniofacial Malormations Sorry, this page is still Under Construction. To contact us: pednsurg@msmail.his.tch.tmc.edu Author: Dr. John P. Laurent, M.D. Webpage Designer and Editor: Thomas J. Lenert URL: http://www.bcm.tmc.edu/pednsurg/disorder/craniosyn.htm/ (Modified: June 18, 1997)

27. Craniosynostosis PO Box 11082, * Chattanooga, TN 37401. 800, 332-2373. craniosynostosis. What is craniosynostosis? There are four types of craniosynostosis http://www.faces-cranio.org/Disord/Cranio.htm

The National Craniofacial Association P. O. Box 11082 * Chattanooga, TN 37401 Craniosynostosis What is Craniosynostosis? Craniosynostosis is caused by the premature closing of one or more of the sutures of the bones which make up the skull. Usually, CT scans are taken to determine if the abnormal skull shape is craniosynostosis, rather that just a result of fetal head position or birth trauma. There are four types of craniosynostosis: Scaphocephaly is caused by the fusion of the sagittal suture which runs from front to back down the middle of the top of the skull. This is the most common type of craniosynostosis. Characteristics include: a long narrow shaped head from front to back narrow from ear to ear the head appears boat-shaped Trigonocephaly is the fusion of the metopic suture, which runs from the top of the head, down the middle of the forehead, towards the nose. Characteristics include: triangular shaped forehead eyes are closer together than usual Plagiocephaly is the premature fusion of one of the coronal sutures, which extend from ear to ear over the top of the head. Characteristics include: fusion of either the right or left side the forehead and brow look like they are pushed backwards the eye on the affected side has a different shape than the one on the unaffected side Brachycephaly results when both sides of the coronal sutures fuse prematurely. Characteristics include:

28. Introduction Chapter 3 craniosynostosis. avoided. Terminology of craniosynostosis. FUSED SUTURE, NAME, DESCRIPTION. Sagittal, Scaphocephaly, Boat Skull. http://www.erlanger.org/craniofacial/book/craniosynostosis/cranio_1.htm

Chapter 3 Craniosynostosis Craniosynostosis Sagittal Synostosis Metopic Synostosis Unilateral Coronal Synostosis Bicoronal Synostosis ... Crouzon Syndrome CHAPTERS Introduction Clefts of the Lip and Palate Ear Reconstruction Craniosynostosis Orbital Reconstruction Treacher Collins Syndrome Nasal Reconstruction Orthognathic Surgery ... Summary Preoperative Postoperative 3-D scan of Sagittal Synostosis. The surgical treatment of craniosynostosis has been transformed by the development and applications of craniofacial techniques to reshape the skull and upper face in the infant. Functionally, the goal in treatment is to release the fused sutures to prevent any problems associated with increased intracranial pressure as well as creating the potential for normal growth. Cosmetically, the goal is to obtain normal shape of the skull and face, thus minimizing psychosocial problems. Etiology: While the pattern of embryonic craniofacial development has been well defined through extensive research, very little is known about the etiology of many craniofacial anomalies. There is strong evidence for a genetic role in the occurrence of some craniosynostosis. An inherited tendency or family history has been reported in many cases in the literature, however, most cases of isolated craniosynostosis are usually sporadic in occurrence with no known etiology.

29. Craniosynostosis.Info craniosynostosis refers to the early (premature) fusion of the sutures of the bone of the skull. http://www.craniosynostosis.info/

30. GeneReviews: Craniosynostosis Syndromes, FGFR-Related Your browser does not support HTML frames so you must view craniosynostosis Syndromes, FGFRRelated in a slightly less readable form. http://www.geneclinics.org/profiles/craniosynostosis/

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31. Craniosynostosis In Children - Keep Kids Healthy craniosynostosis is from early closure of the sutures of the skull and can lead to a misshapened head. craniosynostosis. To help http://www.keepkidshealthy.com/welcome/conditions/craniosynostosis.html

Bookstore Site Map Contact Us Help ... What's New? Search this site: Advanced Search Free Newsletters Main Menu Useful Tools Index of Topics Pediatric Problems New! Parenting Tips Symptom Guide Nutrition Immunizations ... Web Links Online Resources What's New Reviews New! Growth Charts Online Forums Vaccine Schedule Baby Names Guide ... Height Calculator Newsletters: Subscribe to get free news, tips and updates. Recommend Us tell a friend about us or email this page to a friend Baby Books Main Diseases and Conditions Craniosynostosis To help manage the molding that many newborns have as they go through the birth canal and then to deal with the brains rapid growth in the first years of life, the bones of an infant's skull are separated by the cranial sutures (sagittal, right and left coronal and lambdoid and the metopic suture) and fontanels (the soft spot). If one or more of these sutures close early (synostosis), it can lead to a condition called craniosynostosis, which can affect the shape of your child's head and face and if severe, can cause raised intracranial pressure (although this is uncommon in simple craniosynostosis, when only a single suture is closed). Related Topics Positional Plagiocephaly It is usually not known what causes craniosynostosis. It is more common in

32. Craniosynostosis - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital craniosynostosis. Location Lucile Packard Children s Hospital 725 Welch Road Palo Alto, CA 94304 Click here for map. Clinic/Suite Clinic F. http://www.lpch.org/clinicalSpecialtiesServices/ClinicalSpecialties/PlasticSurge

Craniofacial Anomalies Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Palsy Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ... Burns Craniosynostosis Location: Lucile Packard Children's Hospital 725 Welch Road Palo Alto, CA 94304 Click here for map Clinic/Suite: Clinic F Mailing Address: 725 Welch Road Palo Alto, CA 94304 Contact Phone: Fax Number: Days and Hours: Wednesday 8:00 am - 5:00 pm The Craniosystinosis clinic at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital provides comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and treatment of children with abnormal head shape, head anomalies or premature fusion of cranial suture such as: Craniosynostosis Deformational Plagiocephaly Torticollis The clinic practices a multidiscoplinary approach to care and counseling of patients and families.  The team includes participation from: Plastic Surgery Craniofacial Anomalies Rahab Medicine Neurosurgery Faculty Stephen L. Huhn, MD David M. Kahn, MD H. Peter Lorenz, MD Stephen A. Schendel, MD, DDS ... Lawrence M. Shuer, MD Lucile Packard Children's Hospital is located in Palo Alto, adjacent to Stanford University Hospital, approximately 20 miles north of San Jose, CA and 40 miles south of San Francisco. Lucile Packard Children's Hospital 725 Welch Road Palo Alto, California 94304

33. Craniosynostosis - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Craniofacial Anomalies. craniosynostosis What is craniosynostosis? The normal What causes craniosynostosis? craniosynostosis occurs http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/craniofacial/cranio.html

Craniofacial Anomalies Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Plastic Surgery Clinic ... Stanford, Lucile Packard Researchers Uncover Mystery Behind How Skull Plates Fuse Craniofacial Anomalies Craniosynostosis What is craniosynostosis? The normal skull consists of several plates of bone that are separated by sutures. The sutures (fibrous joints) are found between the bony plates in the head. As the infant grows and develops, the sutures close, forming a solid piece of bone, called the skull. Craniosynostosis is a condition in which the sutures close too early, causing problems with normal brain and skull growth. Premature closure of the sutures may also cause the pressure inside of the head to increase and the skull or facial bones to change from a normal, symmetrical appearance. What causes craniosynostosis? Craniosynostosis occurs in one out of 2,000 live births and affects males twice as often as females. Craniosynostosis is most often sporadic (occurs by chance). In some families, craniosynostosis is inherited in one of two ways: autosomal recessive Autosomal recessive means that two copies of the gene are necessary to express the condition, one inherited from each parent, who are carriers. Carrier parents have a one in four, or 25 percent, chance with each pregnancy, to have a child with craniosynostosis. Males and females are equally affected.

34. National Human Genome Research Institute - Talking Glossary Of Genetic Terms Listen to a detailed explanation. Dr. Max Muenke, of the of the National Human Genome Research Institute s Medical Genetics Branch, defines craniosynostosis. http://www.genome.gov/glossary.cfm?key=craniosynostosis

35. Isolated Craniosynostosis craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of one or more sutures (the growth centers) of the skull. This is the most common form of craniosynostosis. http://www.worldcf.org/cran_3a.html

World Craniofacial Foundation 7777 Forest Lane, Ste C-621 P.O. Box 515838 Dallas, TX 75251-5838 fax 972-566-3850 worldcf@worldnet.att.net Scaphocephaly Trigonocephaly Brachycephaly ... Kleeblattschadel Craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of one or more sutures (the growth centers) of the skull. This problem occurs in infants and can lead to an abnormal head shape. The resulting shape of the skull is characteristic of and can be classified by the affected suture. Surgical correction is often necessary depending on the severity of the deformity. Most often this is performed by craniofacial surgeons. Scaphocephaly (from Greek "skaphe"; light boat or skiff) back to top This term describes a boat-shaped head which is associated with the early closure of the fontanelle (soft spot) and sagittal suture. This is the most common form of craniosynostosis. It is usually relatively benign condition in that intracranial pressure is usually in the normal range. Cranial surgery is usually recommended, however, to give a more normal appearance. Trigonocephaly (from Greek "trigonos"; triangular)

36. Welcome To The Children's Craniofacial Association craniosynostosis. craniosynostosis means fused bones of the skull. When one of these sutures is fused too early, it is called craniosynostosis. http://www.ccakids.com/hlpmesyndef.stm

Charitable Status The following are brief descriptions and are intended to inform and are not intended for diagnosis. A geneticist who is a member of an experienced craniofacial team should make diagnosis. What is a Craniofacial Disorder? A craniofacial disorder refers to an abnormality of the face and/or the head. Craniofacial differences can result from abnormal growth patterns of the face or skull, which involves soft tissue and bones. A craniofacial condition may include disfigurement brought about by birth defect, disease or trauma. Craniosynostosis Craniosynostosis means fused bones of the skull. It is a condition that some children are born with or later develop. To better understand craniosynostosis, it is helpful to know that our skulls are not made up of one single "bowl" of bone. Instead, different bones that fit together like a jigsaw puzzle make up the skull. The areas where the bones meet one another are called sutures . As a baby grows the brain rapidly increases in size. According to current theories of growth, the growing brain pushing on the bones of the skull causes the skull bones to expand or grow. When one of these sutures is fused too early, it is called craniosynostosis. There will be no growth in this area. This inability to grow in one area may lead to overgrowth in another area. This results in an abnormally shaped skull. Multi-suture craniosynostosis Multi-suture craniosynostosis include Apert Crouzon Pfieffer and Saethre-Chotzen Syndromes. In the case of multi-suture craniosynostosis more than one suture is prematurely fused.

37. Craniosynostosis (premature Sutural Fusion) craniosynostosis (premature sutural fusion). males (75%). sagittal (56%) scaphocephaly/dolichocephally. bilateral coronal or lambdoidal http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/doc/00102.html

CHORUS Collaborative Hypertext of Radiology Musculoskeletal system Feedback Search craniosynostosis (premature sutural fusion) males (75%) sagittal (56%) scaphocephaly/dolichocephally bilateral coronal or lambdoidal (11%) brachy-, turri- or acrocephaly associated with: Apert syndrome Crouzon syndrome Pfeiffer syndrome unilateral coronal or lamdoidal (7%) plagiocephaly metopic trigonocephaly closure of all sutures except squamosal oxycephally intrauterine closure of all sutures except squamosal Kleeblatschaedel Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD - 2 February 1995 Last updated 26 May 2004 Medical College of Wisconsin

38. Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, Craniosynostosis, Pediatric Plastic Surgery - Childrens cleft lip, cleft palate, craniosynostosis, microta, hairy nevus, hemangiomas, children s plastic surgery, cleft lip and cleft palate. http://www.hopeforkids.com/

The Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Childrens Hospital Los Angeles would like to welcome you to our web site. This site is a service to help you find out more about the treatment options available to your child. As a parent, it is important to understand your child's condition as completely as possible. In fact, it is reasonable to question what children's plastic surgery is all about. Pediatric plastic surgery is a medical specialty which aims to correct a child's physical deformity and restore a more normal appearance. As a discipline, this field covers a complex range of conditions. We treat children with birth defects (congenital defects) of the head, face, hands, feet, and other areas: traumatic injuries (accidents, burns); skin and superficial tumors (benign and malignant), and other problems. Some of the most common specific conditions that we see and treat are cleft lip and cleft palate craniosynostosis (abnormal head shape), jaw deformities

39. Craniosynostosis Team At Childrens Hospital Los Angeles craniosynostosis is a condition of the skull at birth and require a dedicated team of physicians for the best care of the child. Before after pictures. http://www.hopeforkids.com/body_craniosynostosis.html

A child's brain undergoes rapid growth in the first year of life. To allow for this rapid expansion, the skull is made up of a number of bones rather than a single bone. They are separated by structures called sutures (expansion joints) that allow the brain to grow without being restricted. Craniosynostosis occurs when the sutures either fuse or are unable to expand. Craniosynostosis not only affects the shape of the skull but the appearance of the face. Depending on which sutures fail to expand, the head can be long and narrow or short and wide. In some cases, one eye may appear larger than the other. If the brain cannot expand properly, it can cause increased pressure which can affect mental development. Since the recommendation that infants sleep on their backs to prevent "SIDS" (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome), we have seen an increase in skull deformity related to this positioning. This is not caused by bony fusion and can usually be treated without surgery, often with molding head bands. True craniosynostosis (bony fusion) requires surgical correction by a craniofacial team. If you suspect that your child may have one of these conditions, contact a qualified specialist to correctly diagnose and treat his or her problem.

40. Craniosynostosis One of the most common is craniosynostosis or craniostenosis. craniosynostosis. Treatment. Surgery is the usual treatment for most cases of craniosynostosis. http://www.cinn.org/ibsc/pediatric/craniosynostosis.html

Craniofacial Anomalies Craniosynostosis Hydrocephalus Spina Bifida Spina Bifida Occulta (hidden) ... Tethered Spinal Cord Tumors Brain tumors Spinal Cord Tumors Spasticity Vascular ... Send This Page To a Friend Craniosynostosis Causes The specific cause of craniosynostosis is not known, however, some particular types of craniosynostses are associated with chromosomal abnormalities. Recently, a possible association between craniosynostosis and maternal cigarette smoking has been shown to exist. Symptoms The symptoms of craniosynostosis depend on which cranial sutures are involved and how many. The possibilities range from cosmetic concerns to seizures, blindness, developmental delay, mental retardation and increased intracranial pressure. Diagnosis Treatment Surgery is the usual treatment for most cases of craniosynostosis. The timing and type of surgery is very much dependent on the type of craniosynostosis. In some rare cases of multiple cranial suture involvement, urgent surgery may be necessary to relieve elevated intracranial pressure. CINN works with the team at the Rush Craniofacial Center to repair the problem. This multidisciplinary team consists of the following professionals: Pediatric neurosurgeon Plastic surgeon Dentist Pediatrician

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