61. Cervical Cancer Prevention: Links Links. Updated February 18, 2004. Listed below are useful web resources and organizations experienced in cervical cancer control in lowresource settings. http://www.rho.org/html/cxca_links.html

@import "../html/rho-styles.css"; This page displays best on browsers supporting current Web standards, but all content is viewable through any Web device. Links Updated: February 18, 2004    Listed below are useful web resources and organizations experienced in cervical cancer control in low-resource settings. Information resources Organizations Please note that PDF files require Adobe Acrobat Reader software, which can be downloaded for free at www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep.html. For general reproductive health links, go to the RH Resources page. The Conferences section includes information about upcoming events related to cervical cancer. If you know of a resource to be included in this list, please send the URL (web address) and a description to: rho@path.org. Information resources Cancer Resources on the WEB from International Union Against Cancer www3.uicc.org A list of organizations, online journals, and networks involved in cancer prevention. CANCERLIT from National Cancer Institute's International Cancer Information Center www.cancer.gov/CancerInformation/cancerliterature

62. Cervical 'Pap' Smears And Colposcopy UKbased site concerned with cervical screening, cervical cancer and colposcopy. http://www.colposcopy.org.uk

63. [Clinical Preventive Services] Screening For Cervical Cancer Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, Second Edition Neoplastic Diseases Screening for cervical cancer. RECOMMENDATION. Skrabanek P. cervical cancer screening. http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/texts/gcps/gcps0019.html

Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, Second Edition Neoplastic Diseases Screening for Cervical Cancer RECOMMENDATION Routine screening for cervical cancer with Papanicolaou (Pap) testing is recommended for all women who are or have been sexually active and who have a cervix. Pap smears should begin with the onset of sexual activity and should be repeated at least every 3 years (see Clinical Intervention). There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against an upper age limit for Pap testing, but recommendations can be made on other grounds to discontinue regular testing after age 65 in women who have had regular previous screenings in which the smears have been consistently normal. There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine screening with cervicography or colposcopy, or for screening for human papilloma virus infection, although recommendations against such screening can be made on other grounds (see Clinical Intervention). Burden of Suffering Accuracy of Screening Tests The principal screening test for cervical cancer is the Pap smear. Although the Pap smear can sometimes detect endometrial, vaginal, and other cancers,3,4 its use as a screening test is intended for the early detection of cervical dysplasia and cancer. Other proposed cervical screening tests include cervicography, colposcopy, and testing for HPV infection. The role of pelvic examination, which usually accompanies the collection of the cervical specimen, is discussed in Chapter 14 in relation to ovarian cancer screening.

64. UK To Start Trials Of New Cervical Cancer Vaccine CNN http://cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/cancer/01/15/health.vaccine.reut/index.html

65. CERVICAL CANCER cervical cancer. September 2001. WHAT IS cervical cancer? The Cervix. The cervix is the lower third portion of the uterus (womb). http://www.reutershealth.com/wellconnected/doc46.html

CERVICAL CANCER September 2001 WHAT IS CERVICAL CANCER? The Cervix The cervix is the lower third portion of the uterus (womb). It serves as a neck to connect the uterus to the vagina. The opening of the cervix, called the os , remains small and narrow, except during labor when it widens to allow the fetus to pass from the uterus into the vagina. When cervical cancer develops it occurs in the thin layer of cells, known as the epithelium , that covers the cervix. Cells found in the cervical epithelial tissue have different shapes: Squamous cells (flat and scaly). Most cervical cancer arises from changes in the squamous cells of the epithelium ( squamous cell carcinoma Columnar cells (column-like). These cells line the cervical glands and cancers here are known as adenocarcinomas. In rare cases, cancer can occur in cells that form the supportive tissue around the cervix (the stroma Cervical cancer usually begins slowly with precancerous abnormalities, and even if cancer develops, it generally progresses very gradually. Precancerous Changes in the Cervix Dysplasia is a term that refers to a precancerous condition. In the case of cervical cancer this is characterized by squamous cells of the epithelium becoming abnormal in size and shape and beginning to multiply. Dysplastic changes seen on a PAP smear may indicate the presence of

66. Pap Test Awareness Week 2001 Discusses program news, structure, brochures, information, cervical cancer, and Nova Scotia Well Women's clinics. http://is.dal.ca/~gynonc/nsgcsp.html

"Atlantic Canada has the highest rate of cervical cancer in the country. The good news is that regular Pap tests can prevent cervical cancer." - Cathy Jones www.nsgcsp.org Nova Scotia Gynaecological Cancer Screening Programme

67. Cervical Cancer Information, Precancerous Conditions Of The Cervix, Prevention, Medical information about cancer of the cervix, diagnosis, prevention, symptoms, and cervical cancer treatment. http://www.medicinenet.com/Cervical_Cancer/article.htm

document.write(''); MedicineNet Home Cancer Home > Cervical Cancer Advanced Search Printer-Friendly Format Add to Favorites Email to a Friend ... Next page Cervical Cancer (Cancer of the Cervix) What is the cervix? What is cancer? How can precancerous conditions of the cervix be detected? What causes, and are there ways to prevent cancer of the cervix? ... Cervix Cancer At A Glance What is the cervix? The cervix is the lower, narrow part of the uterus (womb). The uterus, a hollow, pear-shaped organ, is located in a woman's lower abdomen, between the bladder and the rectum. The cervix forms a canal that opens into the vagina, which leads to the outside of the body. What is cancer? Cancer is a group of more than 100 different diseases. They all affect the body's basic unit, the cell. Cancer occurs when cells become abnormal and divide without control or order. Like all other organs of the body, the cervix is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells divide to produce more cells only when the body needs them. This orderly process helps keep us healthy. If cells keep dividing when new cells are not needed, a mass of tissue forms. This mass of extra tissue, called a growth or tumor, can be benign or malignant.

68. EMedicine Health - Cervical Cancer Overview You are in Cancer and Tumors, cervical cancer, Overview, The uterine the rectum. Last updated Jan 12, 2004, cervical cancer Causes, . http://www.emedicinehealth.com/articles/20850-1.asp

Search June 2, 2004 Registration Healthcare Professionals High cholesterol can affect children. Is your child at risk? About 1 million people in the United States have Crohn disease. What are treatment options? Is there a connection between IBD and Crohn Disease? About one third of those with diabetes do not know they have it. Are you one? Two million or more Americans have schizophrenia. Is someone you love affected? One third of those with asthma are children. What are the symptoms and triggers? Asthma Cholesterol Crohn Disease Diabetes ... Mental Health You are in: Cancer and Tumors Cervical Cancer Overview The uterine cervix is the lowest portion of a woman's uterus (womb). Most of the uterus lies in the pelvis, but part of the cervix is located in the vagina, where it connects the uterus with the vagina. Cancer of the cervix occurs when the cells of the cervix change in a way that leads to abnormal growth and invasion of other tissues or organs of the body. Like all cancers, cancer of the cervix is much more likely to be cured if it is detected early and treated immediately.

69. MerckSource - Pap Smear Learn about the papanicolaou test, a test conducted for cervical cancer. Includes how it is performed and how to prepare for it. http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_health_library_frame.jspzQzpgzEz/pp/us/

70. Cervical Cancer - Symptoms, Treatment And Causes BUPA health factsheet cervical cancer is a tumour of the cervix, which is part of the womb that projects into the vagina. cervical cancer. RELATE D LINKS. http://hcd2.bupa.co.uk/fact_sheets/html/cervical_cancer.html

search home services health information ... BUPA Products and services Health insurance Financial protection Hospitals Care homes ... International cover Visitor interest areas Individuals Business Intermediaries Health professionals ... BUPA members Facilities finder Find local health and fitness facilities World of BUPA BUPA services around the world at bupa.com health information ABC of health Cervical cancer R E L A T E D L I N K S Download a pdf of this factsheet Published by BUPA's Health Information Team August 2003 The cervix is the neck of the womb. It is located at the top of the vagina. When cervical cancer develops, the cells of the cervix become abnormal and grow out of control, and the cancer can spread to other parts of the body. But if abnormal cells are caught early, which they often are through the cervical screening programme, cancer can be prevented or treated. ... Cervical screening Female reproductive system and cervix What causes cervical cancer? The exact cause of cervical cancer is not known, but certain things appear to increase the risk. Human papilloma virus (HPV) Specific types of the human papilloma virus (the same virus that causes genital warts) are linked with 95% of cases of cervical cancer. HPV is passed on through sex and usually causes no symptoms at all.

71. Cervical Cancer Screening cervical cancer Screening American College of Preventive Medicine Practice Policy Statement. Allison Screening for cervical cancer. In http://www.acpm.org/cervical.htm

Cervical Cancer Screening: American College of Preventive Medicine Practice Policy Statement Allison P. Hawkes, MD, MS, Crystal B. Kronenberger, MD, Thomas D. MacKenzie, MD, Anne L. Mardis, MD, MPH, Ted E. Palen, MD, PhD, Walter W. Schulter, MD, MSPH, Seema A. Shah, MD, Andrew W. Steele, MD, MPH and Willliam M. Marine, MD, MPH Burden of suffering It is estimated that approximately 15,000 women will be diagnosed with invasive carcinoma of the cervix and 4,800 women will die from this disease in 1995. (1) Rates for carcinoma in situ peak between the ages of 20 and 30, and the incidence of invasive cervical cancer increases with age. (2) Twenty-five percent of all invasive cervical cancers occur in women over age 65. Any woman who has been sexually active is at risk for cervical cancer. (3) Additional risk factors include early onset of sexual intercourse, (4,5) history of multiple sexual partners, (5) history of sexually transmitted disease (especially HPV (6) and HIV(7)), smoking, (8) and never having been screened. (9) Description of preventive measure The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is used to screen for cervical cancer to detect lesions when they are still highly curable. (10) The lead time from the development of precancerous lesions to invasive cancer is estimated at 8-9 years.(2) The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends obtaining cellular samples from both the endocervical canal (using an endocervical brush) and from the portio, which includes the entire transformation zone.(11) Use of both an endocervical brush and a spatula has been shown to collect a better sample of cells than either a spatula alone, or a spatula used in combination with a cotton-tipped swab.(12)

72. NCCC Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Information Information from the National cervical cancer Coalition about cancer treatment and vaccine trials. http://www.nccc-online.org/hpv.htm

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) This area provides important information regarding Human Papillomavirus (HPV) , including some of the latest cancer trials and information on upcoming vaccines. Please choose an area of interest from the menu on the right. Click here for Additional Information on HPV HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV): A virus that is the cause of warts of the hands and feet, as well as lesions of the mucous membranes of the oral, anal and genital cavities. More than 50 types of HPV have been identified, some of which are associated with cancerous and precancerous conditions. The virus can be transmitted through sexual contact and is a precursor to cancer of the cervix. There is no specific cure for an HPV infection, but the virus often can be controlled by podophyllin (medicine derived from the roots of the plant Podophyllum peltatum) or interferon, and the warts can be removed by cryosurgery, laser treatment or conventional surgery. SOme sicientitsts believe HPV can "clear" out of the body. top CERVICAL CANCER AND OTHER HPV-RELATED STUDIES Portland Kaiser Cohort Study of HPV and Cervical Neoplasia top The Guanacaste Study of HPV Natural History top Vaccine Trial A large randomized trial is planned in Costa Rica to evaluate the efficacy of two virus-like particle (VLP)-based prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines developed at NCI. Volunteers in the trial will be screened for cervical disease at entry and will receive three VLP or three placebo vaccinations over the course of six months. Participants will be actively followed for a period of four years and information will be collected on side effects of the vaccine (safety), immune induction by the vaccine (immunogenicity), and the occurence of cervical disease (efficacy).

73. Cervical Cancer - March 1, 2000 - American Academy Of Family Physicians AFP March 1, 2000. cervical cancer. TABLE 3 International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians Staging System for cervical cancer. Stage, http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000301/1369.html

Advanced Search Cervical Cancer TIMOTHY P. CANAVAN, M.D., and NIPA R. DOSHI, M.D. Lancaster General Hospital, Lancaster, Pennsylvania I n 1998, it was reported that 12,800 women in the United States developed cancer of the uterine cervix, and 4,800 women died of the disease. Overall, cervical cancer is relatively uncommon in the developed countries of the world, where intensive screening programs are in place. Since the advent and widespread use of screening Papanicolaou (Pap) smears, which detect asymptomatic preinvasive lesions at the earliest stages, the incidence of cervical cancer has dramatically decreased from 32 cases per 100,000 women in the 1940s to 8.3 cases per 100,000 women in the 1980s. However, in many parts of the developing world, cervical cancer continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality. After breast cancer, cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Cervical cancer is relatively uncommon in developed countries with intensive cytologic screening programs. Most women with cervical cancer experience a long asymptomatic period before the disease becomes clinically evident. Therefore, early recognition of abnormal cytologic changes through regular screening may prevent progression from preinvasive to invasive disease. Identifying women at risk for developing invasive cervical cancer enables physicians to appropriately select patients who require continual screening rather than annual screening. Women who are at risk for developing cellular abnormalities include those who smoke and those with a history of sexually transmitted diseases, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, low socioeconomic status, two or more lifetime sexual partners or immunosuppression.

74. Bassett Mobile Mammography Van - Bassett Healthcare A mobile unit which travels throughout Central New York to provide people with mammograms, clinical breast exams, selfbreast exam education and cervical cancer screenings in their local communities. http://www.bassetthealthcare.org/cancer/mammography.cfm

General Information Accommodations and Area Interests Community Partners Driving Directions ... Site Map June 02, 2004 Heart Care Institute Regional Cancer Program Overview Your Partners in Care Our Other Strengths Staff/Specialties Hematology/Oncology Radiation Oncology Surgical Oncology Patient Education ... Support Programs Bassett Mobile Mammography Van Search Home Regional Cancer Program Bassett Mobile Mammography Van Click here to view the latest Mobile Mammography Schedule A Mobile Mammography and Cancer Education Service The mobile mammography and cancer education/screening services of Bassett Healthcare's Louis Busch Hager Cancer Center are on the road and ready to roll! Thanks to a grant from the New York State Department of Health, Bassett now operates a mobile unit a van which travels throughout Central New York to provide people with services such as mammograms, clinical breast exams, self-breast exam education and cervical cancer screenings (Pap smears) in their local communities. The traveling screening services are available throughout Otsego, Oneida, Delaware, Chenango, Madison, Herkimer, Schoharie, Fulton, Montgomery and Sullivan counties. Screenings will be available on a regular basis at Bassett health centers, as well as other community sites which can provide adequate space for the screening equipment and staff. Special stops will be made by arrangement with community groups, businesses and organizations interested in hosting a screening session. Groups interested in scheduling screening sessions in their communities should call toll-free 1-888-416-3409. People who want to know when the van will be in their community should call the same number.

75. New Tests For Cervical Cancer Screening - September 1, 2001 - American Family Ph New Tests for cervical cancer Screening. TABLE 1 Estimated Annual Contributions to cervical cancer Screening Failures in the United States. Characteristic, http://www.aafp.org/afp/20010901/780.html

Advanced Search New Tests for Cervical Cancer Screening JIM NUOVO, M.D., JOY MELNIKOW, M.D., M.P.H., and LYDIA P. HOWELL, M.D. University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, California A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (7 page(s) / 47.3 KB). More information on using PDF files. See editorial on page 729. O ver the years, the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear has proved to be one of the most successful methods of cancer detection available. Once a common disease, invasive cervical cancer is now a relatively rare event in developed countries. Of the 13,000 women who develop cervical cancer annually in the United States, approximately 50 percent have never had a Pap smear, and another 10 percent have not had a Pap smear within five years of their diagnosis (Table 1) While the majority of these women are uninsured, nonadherence to screening recommendations has been observed even among women who have comprehensive preventive care coverage. Inappropriate triage and follow-up of an abnormal Pap smear account for 10 percent of women who develop cervical cancer. Given this information, improved access to care, adherence to screening recommendations and appropriate follow-up for women with an abnormal Pap smear should have the greatest impact on decreasing morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer. TABLE 1 Estimated Annual Contributions to Cervical Cancer Screening Failures in the United States Characteristic Number of women (%) Not screened Poorly screened

76. MayoClinic.com - Cervical Cancer A description of the disease, its symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. http://www.mayoclinic.com/home?id=5.1.1.3.23

77. MayoClinic.com - Cervical Cancer Every year more than 12000 women in the United States receive a diagnosis of cervical cancer, a common and oftenpreventable reproductive cancer. http://www.mayoclinic.com/invoke.cfm?id=DS00167

78. The Sexually Transmitted Disease No One Talks About By Julie Sevrens. Detroit Free Press Article about the virus and its link to cervical cancer. http://www.freep.com/news/health/hpv2_20000502.htm

Home News Sports Entertainment ... Hugh McDiarmid SECTIONS Today's stories Metro Wayne Oakland ... Place an ad The sexually transmitted disease no one talks about HPV has been around since ancient times, but it often goes undetected May 2, 2000 BY JULIE SEVRENS KNIGHT RIDDER NEWSPAPERS When parents talk to their children about the birds and the bees, there's one thing that's rarely mentioned: the human papilloma virus. ABOUT HPV The human papilloma virus is the most common sexually transmitted disease, with about 5.5 million new cases occurring in the United States every year. Here are some other facts about the disease: Nearly three out of four Americans from the ages of 15 to 49 have been infected with HPV. Most have just never known it. The body's immune system often can sufficiently suppress or perhaps even kill the virus on its own. Vaginal, oral and anal sex can all spread the disease, as can skin-to-skin contact in the genital region. Abstinence is the best defense. Condoms offer some protection but, because they do not cover the entire genital area, it is possible to acquire the virus while using them. Most HPV cases are symptomless and often harmless. Of the 70 to 100 strains of HPV thought to be in existence today, just two are responsible for causing genital warts. About a dozen are high-risk strains associated with causing cervical cancer. It is possible to acquire more than one virus strain.

79. Women's Cancer Network Click here to download QuickTime for free. cervical cancer Presentation Download cervical cancer Screening, Evaluation, Treatment presentation. http://www.wcn.org/

Cancer Types Adnexal Mass Breast Cervical Colorectal Endometrial General Cancer GTD Lung Ovarian Vaginal Vulvar Topics Chemotherapy Fertility Genetics HormoneTherapy Nutrition Quality of Life Radiation Surgery Sexuality About the Gynecologic Cancer Foundation About the Women's Cancer Network About CancerSource CancerSource Medical Advisory Board ... Press Releases Wednesday, June 02, 2004 The New York Times Featured "Gynecologic Cancer - What Every Woman Needs to Know" Read the articles in English (requires Adobe Acrobat Reader) In the News Date: Disease: Lung Cancer Research And Markets: More People Die of Lung Cancer Than of Colon, Breast, And Prostate Cancers Combined Date: Disease: Colorectal Cancer Mammogram? Check. Pap Smear? Check. But Far Fewer Women Get Colon Checks, Study Finds Date: Disease: Breast Cancer Breast-Conserving Surgery for Cancer Involving Nipple Date: Disease: Cervical Cancer PET/CT-Guided Imrt Date: Disease: Ovarian Cancer Pet/CT in Ovarian Cancer Recurrence Click here for more news New WCN Public Service Announcement "Every woman should know the early warning signs of gynecologic cancer, know your body, and take control of your health. I did and it saved my life." -

80. Penile Cancer, Cervical Cancer And Circumcision Status logo Penile cancer, cervical cancer, and circumcision. History. The alleged relationship cervical cancer in partners. The hypothesis that http://www.cirp.org/library/disease/cancer/

Penile cancer, cervical cancer, and circumcision History The alleged relationship between "lack of circumcision" and genital cancers formerly implicated smegma or smegma-borne pathogens as the causative agent. Only two histologic studies of human smegma ever have been conducted, both of which found it to be perfectly harmless. Smegma is composed of secretions of ectopic sebaceous glands in the prepuce mixed with secretions of the prostate, seminal vesicles, mucin from the urethral glands, and desquamated epithelial cells. The hypothesis that human male smegma is carcinogenic was first formulated in 1932 by circumcision promoter Abraham L. Wolbarst, M.D. . Wolbarst also believed that circumcision prevented epilepsy. (In the early part of the 20th Century, the paroxysm of masturbation in children was often misidentified as an epileptic seizure.) Wolbarst wrote: "[Circumcision] diminishes the tendency to masturbation, convulsions and other reflex phenomena of local irritation." Wolbarst's beliefs about circumcision were shared by other writers, such as Peter Remondino and Abraham Ravich. No laboratory or clinical research had been done on the subject at the time. Regardless, Wolbarst's hypothesis about smegma and cancer found its way into early medical textbooks. In the 1950s a few experiments were done to test the hypothesis by injecting horse smegma into wounds made in the backs of mice. There were clinical studies that attempted to induce cancer by introducing smegma subcutaneously and intravaginally: No carcinomas could be induced.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 4     61-80 of 155    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | 7  | 8  | Next 20