41. NORD - National Organization For Rare Disorders, Inc. bubonic plague. To purchase fulltext report ($7.50) Copyright 1987, 1988,1989, 1998, 2001 Synonyms of bubonic plague Black Death; Black Plague; http://www.rarediseases.org/search/rdbdetail_abstract.html?disname=Bubonic Plagu

42. Ring Around The Rosy Rhyme in English history . The historical period dates back to the greatplague of London in 1665 (bubonic plague). The symptoms of the http://www.rhymes.org.uk/ring_around_the_rosy.htm

Ring around the rosy Origins of "Ring around the rosy" in English History The words to the Ring around the rosy children's ring game have their origin in English history . The historical period dates back to the great plague of London in 1665 (bubonic plague). The symptoms of the plague included a rosy red rash in the shape of a ring on the skin (Ring around the rosy). Pockets and pouches were filled with sweet smelling herbs ( or posies) which were carried due to the belief that the disease was transmitted by bad smells. The term "Ashes Ashes" refers to the cremation of the dead bodies! The death rate was over 60% and the plague was only halted by the Great Fire of London in 1666 which killed the rats which carried the disease which was transmitting via water sources. The English version of "Ring around the rosy" replaces Ashes with (Atishoo, Atishoo) as violent sneezing was another symptom of the disease. Ring around the rosy A pocketful of posies "Ashes, Ashes" We all fall down!

43. MedlinePlus: Plague Prevention). Research; Plague (National Institute of Allergy and InfectiousDiseases). Specific Conditions/Aspects; bubonic plague (Dept. of http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/plague.html

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Other health topics: A B C D ... List of All Topics Plague Contents of this page: News From the NIH General/Overviews Pictures/Diagrams ... Statistics Search MEDLINE for recent research articles on Plague You may also be interested in these MedlinePlus related pages: Biodefense and Bioterrorism Infections Latest News Researchers Reexamine Bubonic Plague (05/24/2004, United Press International) Mouse Model Mimics Real-World Plague Infection: Initial Vaccine Tested in Model Looks Promising (03/24/2004, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) From the National Institutes of Health Plague (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) General/Overviews Information on Plague (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Plague (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Pictures/Diagrams Plague Images (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Prevention/Screening Plague: Prevention (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Research Plague (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) Specific Conditions/Aspects Bubonic Plague (Dept. of the Interior)

44. Plague: Yersinia Pestis population at that time. For largely unknown reasons, bubonic plague ceasedto be an important pandemic disease. No major epidemics have http://www.kcom.edu/faculty/chamberlain/Website/lectures/lecture/plague.htm

Lymphoreticular and Hematopoetic Infections Return to Syllabus PLAGUE General Goal: To know the cause of this disease, the most common modes of transmission, the major manifestations, and the major complications of this disease. Specific Educational Objectives The student should be able to: 1. identify the cause of this disease (hint: safety pin appearance). 2. recite the common means of transmission and identify the major disease manifestations. 3. identify what type of pathogen this bacterium is [ex. extracellular, intracellular (what cell does it dwell in)]. 4. tell what groups of people and occupations are more likely to get this disease and how to avoid getting infected with this pathogen. Reading: MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY by P.R. Murray, K.S. Rosenthal, G.S. Kobayashi and M.A. Pfaller, 3rd Edition. pp. 240-242. Lecture : Dr. Neal R. Chamberlain References: OVERVIEW Plague or black death is an infection of rodents caused by Yersinia pestis and accidentially transmitted to humans by the bite of infected fleas. The disease follows urban and sylvatic cycles and is manifested in bubonic and pneumonic forms [note: bubo is derived from a Greek word for groin]. The Black Death was one of the great epidemic scourges of mankind. It swept across Europe and Asia in a series of devastating pandemics during the Middle Ages. This disease was responsible for the death of one-third of the world's population at that time. For largely unknown reasons, bubonic plague ceased to be an important pandemic disease. No major epidemics have occurred in Europe or North America in more than a century.

45. Bubonic Plague bubonic plague. bubonic plague is an infectious disease that is believedto have caused several epidemics or pandemics throughout history. http://www.fact-index.com/b/bu/bubonic_plague.html

Main Page See live article Alphabetical index Bubonic plague Bubonic plague is an infectious disease that is believed to have caused several epidemics or pandemics throughout history. Table of contents 1 Infection 2 Symptoms and treatment 3 Historic outbreaks 4 Contemporary cases Infection The disease is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and is usually transmitted by the bite of fleas from an infected host, often a rat . The bacteria are transferred from the blood of infected rats to the Rat Flea ( Xenopsylla cheopsis ). The bacillus multiplies in the stomach of the flea, blocking it. When the flea next bites a mammal , the consumed blood is regurgitated along with the bacillus into the bloodstream of the bitten animal. Any serious outbreak of plague is started by other disease outbreaks in the rodent population. During these outbreaks, infected fleas that have lost their normal hosts seek other sources of blood. Symptoms and treatment The disease becomes evident 2-6 days after infection. Initial symptoms are chills, fever, headaches, and the formation of buboes. The buboes are formed by the infection of the lymph nodes , which swell and become prominent. If unchecked, the bacteria infect the bloodstream (septicemic plague) and then the lungs (pneumonic plague).

46. Purging Pestilence - The Bubonic Plague Purging Pestilence The bubonic plague. Historical background Images110 Images 11-20 Images 21-30 Images 31-40 Images 41-52. http://www.records.nsw.gov.au/public/gallery/plague/title.htm

Purging Pestilence The Bubonic Plague Historical background Images 1-10 Images 11-20 Images 21-30 ... Images 41-52

47. State Park Near Truckee Closed Because Of Plague California state parks officials have closed Donner Memorial StatePark near Truckee because of bubonic plague. Officials confirmed http://www.kxtv.com/storyfull.asp?id=2410

48. Ian Jessiman : The Plague, England And Loughborough 1539 - 1640 The Plague, also known as bubonic plague, pestis or the Black Death, was an acute,severe infection caused by the bacillus Yersina pestis (formerly known as http://www.loughborough.co.uk/plague/

A General Study of the Plague in England 1539-1640 With a Specific Reference to Loughborough By Ian Jessiman (Please visit the Loughborough Internet , a further source of local history) I have no objection to people using this work in the furtherance of history, however, please do not copy it and republish without asking first. In the 6 years it has been on the Internet I have discovered 4 unauthorised copies, one where the plagarist substituted his name for mine! Abstract T hroughout the Middle Ages most of populated Britain suffered sweeping ravages of disease and pestilence; individually and collectively these epidemics were referred to as the plague. Examination of the Leicestershire town of Loughborough's Parish Register , reveals valuable statistical data, particularly in respect to burials after 1538. The History and Antiquities of the County of Leicester, Vol III part II, by J Nichols , offers an insight into some of the social effects of the plague. Using these and other sources, an attempt to investigate the local myths and legends has been undertaken. Furthermore, other issues, such as what was the Plague and how it did spread, are addressed. Preface T he Plague, also known as bubonic plague, pestis or the Black Death, was an acute, severe infection caused by the bacillus

49. Bubonic Plague The Church s involvement in the bubonic plague. The first symptoms of thebubonic plague are headache, nausea, vomitting, and aching joints. http://www.richeast.org/htwm/Plague/Plague.html

The Church's involvement in the Bubonic Plague The Bubonic Plague, caused by the bacillus Yersinia Pestis , was known as the most fatal disease of the Middle Ages (Biel, 1989). The bacillus enters the blood stream going directly to the lymph nodes. Enlarging and inflaming of the glands causing buboes to appear in the groin, armpit, or neck. The plague is transmitted by the rat flea ( Xenopsylla Cheopis ). The flea gets the bacteria from a rat, and the flea then spreads the disease to humans. The bacteria completely fills the stomach of the flea making it so the flea can no longer digest any blood. The flea is so hungary that it sucks blood into the already full stomach forcing the flea to regurgitate, thus spreading the bacteria (Walker, 1992). The first symptoms of the Bubonic Plague are headache, nausea, vomitting, and aching joints. The lymph nodes become painfully swollen and the average temperature raises between 101 degrees and 105 degrees F. The person becomes very exhausted and a purple tint in the victim's skin becomes present due to resperstory problems. Death comes in about four days after contracing the disease. In the year 1347, in the southern Ukraine near the Black Sea, the native people began dying of a mysterious disease. They suffered from headaches, weakness, and staggering when they tried to walk. Lymph nodes in the groin and underarm areas begin to swell to the size of hen's eggs. These swellings were called buboes and led to the official name of their aillment, the Bubonic Plague. These natives called the plage the pestillance and were often dead by the fourth day of contraction.

50. The Observer | Food Monthly | Bubonic Plague Site To Be Given Tourist Makeover bubonic plague site to be given tourist makeover Joanne O Connor Sunday May 19, 2002The Observer A network of underground medieval streets in Edinburgh is to http://observer.guardian.co.uk/life/story/0,6903,717926,00.html

@import url(/external/styles/global/0,14250,,00.css); Sign in Register Go to: Guardian Unlimited home UK news World news Archive search Arts Books Business EducationGuardian.co.uk Film Football Jobs Life MediaGuardian.co.uk Money The Observer Online Politics Shopping SocietyGuardian.co.uk Sport Talk Travel Audio Email services Special reports The Guardian The weblog The informer The northerner The wrap Advertising guide Crossword Dating Headline service Syndication services Events / offers Help / contacts Information Living our values Newsroom Reader Offers Style guide Travel offers TV listings Weather Web guides Working at GNL Guardian Weekly Money Observer Home UK news International Politics ... Food Tools Text-only version Send it to a friend Save story The Observer Front page Story index Recent articles Bubonic plague site to be given tourist makeover Discover Scotland for the extremely brave Mhor for your money Six of the Scottish best ... World wine web The Guardian Front page Story index Travel news Bubonic plague site to be given tourist makeover Joanne O'Connor Sunday May 19, 2002

51. Www.geocities.com/Athens/2423/plague.html Plague as a Bioterrorism Threat bubonic plague and Pnuemonic Plague. bubonic plague Symptoms bubonic plague is acquiredas the bacteria is transmitted from flea to human through a fleabite. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/2423/plague.html

52. Introduction: Bubonic Plague - WrongDiagnosis.com Introduction to bubonic plague as a medical condition including symptoms,diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/b/bubonic_plague/intro.htm

Diseases IMPORTANT! Use of this site is subject to our and Home Symptoms Diseases Risks Search: We show you all these ads in order to provide this free site; give your feedback WrongDiagnosis TM Premium Report: Diabetes Diagnosis and Misdiagnosis Available Now! Condition Lists By Organ By Symptom By Class By Prevalence ... List A-Z Current chapter: Bubonic plague Next sections Basic Summary for Bubonic plague Risk Factors for Bubonic plague Symptoms of Bubonic plague Diagnostic Tests for Bubonic plague ... Complications of Bubonic plague Next chapters: Pneumonic plague Flea-borne diseases Scarlet fever Streptococcal Infections ... Feedback Introduction: Bubonic plague Bubonic plague: Severe flea-borne bacterial disease Contents for Bubonic plague: Basic Summary for Bubonic plague Risk Factors for Bubonic plague Symptoms of Bubonic plague Diagnostic Tests for Bubonic plague ... Diseases Did we miss something? Please tell your story or provide feedback or suggestions By using this site you agree to our and . Information provided on this site is for informational purposes only; it is not intended as a substitute for advice from your own medical team. The information on this site is not to be used for diagnosing or treating any health concerns you may have - please contact your physician or health care professional for all your medical needs. Please see our and Book Lists WrongDiagnosis.com

53. The Bubonic Plague The bubonic plague. Since bubonic plague is commonly spread throughfleas that have made a meal from an infected Rattus rattus. The http://allfreeessays.com/student/free/The_Bubonic_Plague.shtml

AllFreeEssays.com The Bubonic Plague Essay Data Section Author: Unknown Title: The Bubonic Plague Type: Student Submitted All Free Essays . com

54. Bubonic Plague bubonic plague The plague appeared in three forms bubonic, septicemicand pneumonic. These bubonic plague. Click Here. Bubonic http://www.webref.org/sociology/b/bubonic_plague.htm

bubonic plague Bubonic Plague - The plague appeared in three forms: bubonic, septicemic and pneumonic. These infections were caused by an organism (bacillus) which was present primarily in rats (but occurred in other rodents as well) and could be transmitted by flea bite to humans. The symptoms of bubonic plague included fever, chills, muscle aches, headache, swollen lymph glands and seizures. Back Next Search! Sociology - A ... Privacy Statement This site is a member of WebRing. To browse visit here Rcolors = new Array("#FF9473","#FFCE9C","#FFFF9C","#EFF8AD","#C6EF8C","#A5DE94","#94D6CE","#94D6E7","#949CCE","#9C7BBD","#CE84C6","#E78CC6");Ccnt = Rcolors.length;document.write (''); !tzalist - SOCIAL SCIENCES RING document.write (''); Join Now Ring Hub Random < Prev ... Tabularium™ WebRef™ Search WWW Search webref.org Digital River: Get amazing deals on great software! This site hosted by EASY CGI Web Hosting

55. Great Plague the Great Plague. Also known as the Black Death, bubonic plague was oneof evolution s primary thinning mechanisms in the late Middle Ages. http://www.rotten.com/library/history/plague/

rotten Library History The Great Plague Long before the threat of Biological Weapons in the hands of terrorists reared its ugly head, there was simply... the Great Plague. Also known as the Black Death, bubonic plague was one of evolution's primary thinning mechanisms in the late Middle Ages. Its symptoms include high fever, chills, headache, exhaustion, a skin rash and the namesake "buboes" — hideously enlarged and swollen lymph nodes in the neck and groin areas. Without treatment, half the people infected with plague will die (with treatment, that number drops to one in 10). After bopping around the world in scattered outbreaks over the course of at least a millenium, the plague decided to settle down in Europe for a few centuries of mayhem. The plague actually arrived in Europe as the result of one of the earliest incidences of biological warfare on record, when an invading Mongol horde threw plague-infested bodies over the walls of a Genoan city-castle under seige in 1346. The strategy was a stunning success, but the collateral damage was extraordinary. One can only hope that the Genoan city was really, really worth it. Starting in 1347 and lasting 20 years, the resulting

56. Agripedia | Bubonic Plague Part of Agripedia Web site. bubonic plague. The symptoms of bubonic plague includedfever, chills, muscle aches, headache, swollen lymph glands and seizures. http://www.ca.uky.edu/agripedia/glossary/buplague.htm

University of Kentucky College of Agriculture Agripedia This page is intended for popup window display. Part of Agripedia Web site. Bubonic Plague The plague appeared in three forms: bubonic, septicemic and pneumonic . These infections were caused by an organism (bacillus) which was present primarily in rats (but occurred in other rodents as well) and could be transmitted by flea bite to humans. The symptoms of bubonic plague included fever, chills, muscle aches, headache, swollen lymph glands and seizures. See: Black Death Close This Window Go Back

57. What Happened To Bubonic Plague The Black Plague is the most famous example of an epidemic of Bubonic/PnuemonicPlague. Yserminia today. What happened to bubonic plague. http://allsands.com/History/Events/blackplaguebub_eq_gn.htm

What happened to Bubonic Plague The Black Plague of the mid-1300's is the most famous occurrence of Bubonic Plague, which repeatedly ravished the Eurasian population prior to the Industrial Age. Bubonic Plague is caused by Yserminia Pestis, a bacteria that lives in the gut of a common rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis. When a flea bites an infected rat, it consumes the bacteria, which multiplies and reproduces inside the flea's intestinal tract, until the flea has no room to contain them anymore and regurgitates them onto its sucker. From the leftover bacteria on the sucker, the next rat bitten by the flea gets a healthy dose of Yserminia Pestis and the cycle starts all over again. Although the flea that carries plague prefers to feed on rats, live rats are not always available to them. Yserminia Pestis produces a toxin (Necrotizing Exotoxin) that causes rats and humans to suffer similar symptoms, including swollen lymph nodes, hemorrhages in the lower layers of skin and finally death. A population of rats living nearby each other will all catch Plague and die from it, leaving their fleas to seek other animal hosts, including humans and many domestic animals. bodyOffer(364) For humans, sickness from plague comes in two forms: bubonic and pneumonic. All of the infections are caused by the same bacteria and start in the same way, mainly when the bacteria enter the human body. The Black Plague of the 14th century is the best known example of Bubonic Plague. The toxin produced by Yserminia Pestis caused people's lymph nodes to swell up into "buboes" which looked like huge, hard bubbles sticking out of a person's skin. Although the era is famous for its buboes, at the same time, plague was spreading pneumatically and septemically.

58. Bubonic Plague Pictures bubonic plague Pictures. bubonic plague Pictures. bubonic plague informationpictures resources. bubonic plague PICTURES SITES, Learn http://www.sightquest.com/health/bubonic-plague-pictures-4375.htm

Bubonic Plague Pictures Home Submit your Site About Privacy ... Help Bubonic Plague Pictures Bubonic plague information pictures resources. Home Health Medical Disorders Bubonic Plague Pictures PREMIUM LISTINGS Buy Bubonic Plague Products We link to merchants which offer Bubonic Plague products for sale. Research Black Plague At Questia Questia online library offers more than 70,000 books and journal articles. Subscribe for complete books, automatic bibliography tools, thousands of research topics, and more. ... "This book has been created for patients who have decided to make education and research an integral part of the treatment process." BUBONIC PLAGUE PICTURES SITES Learn.co.uk - The pictures show various ways that diseases can be transmitted. The Black Death - bubonic plague information containing pictures. The Black Death - Includes pictures, graphs on population changes. The Medieval Age - Bubonic and other forms of plague, including good pictures. Bubonic Plague Pictures Site Listings Submit Your Site to This Category Sponsored Links Featured Partners PharmacyHealth.net

59. National Park Service Public Health Program - Bubonic Plague Factsheet You Are Here Home Illnesses and DIseses bubonic plague, bubonic plague, PrinterFriendly Version. Plague, is caused by bacteria called Yersinia pestis. http://www.nps.gov/public_health/inter/info/factsheets/fs_plague.htm

Home Drinking Water Wastewater Food Safety ... Backcountry You Are Here: Home Illnesses and DIseses :: Bubonic Plague Many files on this site are in Adobe Acrobat format. General Information Frequently Asked Questions Contact Us Educational Material Program Directory by Name ... Privacy Program Areas Home Drinking Water Wastewater Food Safety ... Administration State/Federal Links Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Environmental Protection Agency Food and Drug Administration ... State Health Departments Bubonic Plague Printer Friendly Version Plague, is caused by bacteria called Yersinia pestis. Onset of plague is usually 2 to 6 days after a person is exposed. Initial symptoms include fever, headache, and general illness, followed by the development of painful, swollen regional lymph nodes. The disease progresses rapidly and the bacteria can invade the bloodstream, producing severe illness, called plague septicemia. Once a human is infected, a progressive illness generally results unless specific antibiotic therapy is given. Progression leads to blood infection and, finally, to lung infection. The infection of the lung is termed plague pneumonia, and it can be transmitted to others through the expulsion of droplets by coughing. The incubation period of primary pneumonic plague is 1 to 3 days and is characterized by development of an overwhelming pneumonia with high fever, cough, bloody sputum, and chills. For plague pneumonia patients, the death rate is over 50%.

60. Bubonic Plague The bubonic plague. by The Glials. Megan KatherineSam Gina. Bubonic Quiz. Bibliography. http://www.gen.umn.edu/faculty_staff/jensen/1135/example_student_projects/Fall20

The Bubonic Plague by The Glials Megan Katherine Sam Gina ... Bibliography

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