101. Botulism Is A Poison, Or Toxin, Produced By A Microscopic Germ botulism is a poison, or toxin, produced by a microscopic germ called Clostridium botulinum. botulism. WHAT IS IT? botulism toxin http://www.cnn.com/interactive/us/0109/biochem.terrorism/botulism.html

Botulism is a poison, or toxin, produced by a microscopic germ called Clostridium botulinum. BOTULISM WHAT IS IT? Botulism toxin the most potent lethal substance known to man is made by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. HOW DOES IT SPREAD? Botulism toxin can be inhaled or ingested via contaminated food or water. SYMPTOMS: Double vision, slurred speech, dry mouth and muscle weakness, which also starts at the top of the body and works its way down. Symptoms begin from six hours up to two weeks after exposure. Death can be caused by paralysis of the breathing muscles within 24 hours. TREATMENT: Botulism anti-toxin, supplied by the CDC. PREVENTION: Vaccine Source: CDC; Center for Defense and International Security Studies; American Medical Association

102. Botulism - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia botulism. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Infant botulism. Infant botulism is the most common form of the ailment in the United States. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botulism

Botulism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Botulism (from Latin meaning "sausage") is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum . Botulin is the toxin ; clostridium botulinum is the bacterium that produces it. Botulin is the most potent known toxin, blocking nerve function and leading to respiratory and musculoskeletal paralysis There are three main kinds of botulism. Foodborne botulism is a form of foodborne illness and is caused by eating foods that contain the botulism toxin Wound botulism is caused by toxin produced from a wound infected with Clostridium botulinum Infant botulism is caused by consuming the spores of the botulinum bacteria, which then grow in the intestines and release toxin. All forms of botulism can be fatal and are considered medical emergencies. Foodborne botulism can be especially dangerous as a public health problem because many people can be poisoned from a single contaminated food source. In the United States an average of 110 cases of botulism are reported each year. Of these, approximately 25% are foodborne, 72% are infant botulism, and the rest are wound botulism. Outbreaks of foodborne botulism involving two or more persons occur during most years and usually are caused by eating contaminated home-canned foods. The number of cases of foodborne and infant botulism has changed little in recent years, but wound botulism has increased because of the use of black-tar heroin , especially in California.

103. BT_Treatment & Response Botulism Medical Treatment and Response to Suspected botulism Healthy People In Healthy Communities. botulism is not transmitted from person to person. Clinical http://www.sanbenitoco.org/BT_treatment__response_botulism.htm

Public Health SERVICES Home Health Alerts FAQ Programs ... Bioterrorism Medical Treatment and Response to Suspected Botulism Healthy People In Healthy Communities Information for Health Care Providers During Biologic Emergencies November 2000 I. Key Summary Points II. Introduction/Epidemiology III. Significance as a Potential Bioterrorism Agent IV. Clinical Manifestations V. Laboratory Diagnosis VI. Handling Laboratory Specimens VII. Treatment VIII. Isolation of Patients IX. Disposal of Infectious Waste X. Autopsy and Handling of Corpses XI. Management of Exposed Persons XII. Reporting During Business Hours After Business Hours XIII. References ALL SUSPECT CASES OF BOTULISM MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY TO SAN BENITO COUNTY PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES, DISEASE PREVENTION AND CONTROL: During Business Hours: After Hours (Nights, Weekends and Holidays): I. KEY SUMMARY POINTS Epidemiology: Botulism neurotoxins (A-F) could be transmitted by aerosol or contamination of food and water supplies Botulism is not transmitted from person to person Clinical: Incubation period is 12-36 hours (can be several days) Early symptoms include blurred vision, diplopia, and dry mouth

104. SUMMARY OF 1996 AVIAN BOTULISM EVENT SALTON SEA NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE. SUMMARY OF 1996 AVIAN botulism EVENT. botulism kills birds quickly by paralyzing the muscles. http://pacific.fws.gov/salton/saltn96.htm

SALTON SEA NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SUMMARY OF 1996 AVIAN BOTULISM EVENT Beginning on August 15, 1996, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and California Department of Fish and Game staff responded to an outbreak of avian botulism at the Salton Sea . Botulism is caused by a toxin produced by a naturally-occurring bacterium that develops during periods of high temperatures and the presence of a suitable nutrient medium in an environment devoid of oxygen. Botulism kills birds quickly by paralyzing the muscles. The botulism diagnosis was made by the National Biological Service's National Wildlife Health Research Center in Madison, Wisconsin. Management actions consisted of picking up dead birds and incinerating the carcasses, and transporting sick brown pelicans, an endangered species, and sick white pelicans to a wildlife rehabilitator for treatment and eventual release. Such clean-up efforts are necessary to stop the spread of the disease since dead birds provide a nutrient medium for the spread of botulism. Due to the extensive shoreline and large water area, the majority of clean-up work was conducted from airboats. Aerial surveys every other day were used to monitor the success of the clean-up and identify areas needing attention. After November 12, the Fish and Wildlife Service assumed sole responsibility for the clean-up work and reduced airboat patrols of the Salton Sea to two days a week due to low numbers of dead birds being recovered.

105. PHTN botulism is a serious disease caused by one of the deadliest poisons there is. botulism occurs all over the world, but it occurs http://www.phppo.cdc.gov/phtn/botulism/default/default.asp

PHTN Home What is PHTN? Mark your Calendar Our Catalog ... Public Health Image Library Public Inquiries Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Rd. Atlanta, GA 30333 U.S.A Botulism is a serious disease caused by one of the deadliest poisons there is. Botulism occurs all over the world, but it occurs more often in Alaska than anywhere else in the United States. This Web site is based on the videotape "A Helping Hand: Keeping Your Family Safe from Botulism." It is designed to provide information to people who eat or prepare Alaska Native fermented foods, such as fermented fish heads, beaver tail, or seal flipper . You will find the answers to the following questions: This Web site was developed for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center for Infectious Diseases Arctic Investigations Program in partnership with the Bristol Bay Area Health Corporation.

106. Botulism botulism (foodborne botulism). What is botulism? Who gets botulism? Food-borne botulism is due to ingestion of a toxin formed in food. http://www.sbcphd.org/ehs/botulism.htm

Botulism (food-borne botulism) What is botulism? Botulism is a food poisoning caused by a toxin produced by the bacteria, Clostridium botulinum. Clostridium botulinum and its spores are everywhere. It is prevalent in soil and marine sediment worldwide. The bacteria and spores themselves are harmless; however, when they grow, they create a highly toxic poison, that can lead to extreme illness and even death. The spores must have a oxygen depleted, low acid environment in which to grow, and prefer temperatures between 40 and 120 degrees. This organism can easily grow in improperly stored home-cooked or commercial foods, as well as in canned foods that have not been prepared with proper canning procedures. Who gets botulism? Food-borne botulism is due to ingestion of a toxin formed in food. It often involves improperly processed home canned foods. How is botulism spread? Person to person spread does not occur. A person must ingest food that is contaminated with the toxin. A person can kill the botulism toxin if the affected food items are properly cooked or reheated. What are the symptoms of botulism?

107. Clinical Trial: Study Of Human Botulism Immunoglobulin In Infants With Botulism Study of Human botulism Immunoglobulin in Infants With botulism. Infant botulism botulism, Drug botulism immune globulin. MedlinePlus related topics botulism. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/show/NCT00004401?order=6

108. Pennsylvania Sea Grant - Clean Boating Tips Fact Sheets. Clean Boating Tips. Background Clean Boating includes all aspects of boat maintenance, operation, and housekeeping. Recreational http://www.pserie.psu.edu/seagrant/communication/fact/fs3.html

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