1. BEBRF Blepharospasm Pages - Dystonia, Blepharospasm, Meige Syndrome, Publication blepharospasm is a condition in which there is sustained, forced, involuntary closing of the eyelids. BEBRF blepharospasm Pages. http://www.blepharospasm.org/

BEBRF Blepharospasm Pages Last update May 12, 2004 What's New Contents of the Blepharospasm Pages Sponsored by the Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation (BEBRF) Search the BEBRF Blepharospasm site Blepharospasm What is blepharospasm? ... Scientific Presentations from the BEBRF Annual Conferences Support Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation (BEBRF) Publications available from BEBRF Blepharospasm Support Groups Blepharospasm conferences and support group meetings ... Blepharospasm Bulletin Board - communicate with other blefros Other Resources Disability information Links to other resources Search the Internet for additional information Blepharospasm Research Abstracts Request for blepharospasm/Meige research proposals Contributions Questions or Comments What is Blepharospasm? Blepharo means "eyelid". Spasm means "uncontrolled muscle contraction". The term blepharospasm ['blef-a-ro-spaz-m] can be applied to any abnormal blinking or eyelid tic or twitch resulting from any cause, ranging from dry eyes to Tourette's syndrome to tardive dyskinesia. The blepharospasm referred to here is officially called benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) to distinguish it from the less serious secondary blinking disorders. "Benign" indicates the condition is not life threatening, and "essential" is a medical term meaning "of unknown cause". It is both a cranial and a focal dystonia. Cranial refers to the head and focal indicates confinement to one part. The word dystonia describes abnormal involuntary sustained muscle contractions and spasms. Patients with blepharospasm have normal eyes. The visual disturbance is due solely to the forced closure of the eyelids.

2. Blepharospasm blepharospasm is a common term for conditions that are medically known as Benign Essential blepharospasm and Essential blepharospasm. A blepharospasm is defined as http://www.steen-hall.com/bspasm.html

Our Doctors Laser Vision Correction Cataract Surgery Conductive Keratoplasty ... Retinal Conditions (Including Macular Degeneration) Surgery Cornea Glaucoma General Eye Care Latest Information ... Financing Seminars SEARCH Home Blepharospasm What is Blepharospasm? Blepharospasm is a common term for conditions that are medically known as Benign Essential Blepharospasm and Essential Blepharospasm. A blepharospasm is defined as "a chronic, unremitting, bilateral, variably progressive dysfunction of the nerve that controls the muscles around the eye." It manifests itself as an uncontrollable, forcible closure of the eyelids. It often affects both eyes at once, but it can also affect only one eye. In some cases, other muscles in the face can twitch as well, especially around the cheek and brow. Severe blepharospasm can cause the eyelids to be forcibly closed for a duration longer than the typical blink reflex, causing a variable interruption in the ability to see. Benign Essential Blepharospasm and Essential Blepharospasm are caused by abnormal nerve impulses to the eyelid muscles. Years ago, many patients were told that Essential Blepharospasm was caused by psychiatric problems. Now, it is known that this was not true. Are There Different Forms of Blepharospasm?

3. NINDS Benign Essential Blepharospasm Information Page Benign Essential blepharospasm information sheet compiled by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). What is Benign Essential blepharospasm? Is there any treatment What is Benign Essential blepharospasm? Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is a progressive neurological disorder http://www.ninds.nih.gov/health_and_medical/disorders/blepharospasm.htm

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Accessible version Science for the Brain The nation's leading supporter of biomedical research on disorders of the brain and nervous system Browse all disorders Browse all health organizations More about Benign Essential Blepharospasm Studies with patients Research literature Press releases Search NINDS... (help) Contact us My privacy NINDS is part of the National Institutes of Health NINDS Benign Essential Blepharospasm Information Page Synonym(s): Blepharospasm Reviewed 03-21-2003 Get Web page suited for printing Email this to a friend or colleague Table of Contents (click to jump to sections) What is Benign Essential Blepharospasm? Is there any treatment? What is the prognosis? What research is being done? ... Organizations What is Benign Essential Blepharospasm? Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and spasms of the eyelid muscles. It is a form of dystonia, a movement disorder in which muscle contractions cause sustained eyelid closure, twitching or repetitive movements. BEB begins gradually with occasional eye blinking and/or irritation. Other symptoms may include involuntary winking or squinting of one or both eyes, increasing difficulty in keeping the eyes open, and light sensitivity. Generally, the spasms occur during the day, disappear in sleep, and reappear after waking. As the condition progresses, the spasms may intensify, forcing the eyelids to remain closed for long periods of time, and thereby causing substantial visual disturbance or functional blindness. It is important to note that the blindness is caused solely by the uncontrollable closing of the eyelids and not by a dysfunction of the eyes. BEB occurs in both men and women, although it is especially common in middle-aged and elderly women.

4. Benign Essential Blepharospasm / Family Village Library Information, who to contact, where to go to chat with others and links from Family Village. http://familyvillage.wisc.edu/lib_beb.htm

Benign Essential Blepharospasm Who to Contact Where to Go to Chat with Others Learn More About It Web Sites ... Search Google for "Benign Essential Blepharospasm" Who to Contact Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation P.O. Box 12468 Beaumont, TX USA 77726-2468 Tel: (409) 832-0788 Fax: (409) 832-0890 E-mail: bebrf@blepharospasm.org Web: http://www.blepharospasm.org/ The Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation has a mission to promote, develop and carry on the search for the cause and a cure for Benign Essential Blepharospasm and other related disorders and infirmities of the facial musculature. The Foundation publishes a bi-monthly newsletter and has pamphlets and patient packets available at no charge. They have a video Lending Library available for no charge. Where to Go to Chat with Others Newsgroup: alt.support.dystonia Learn More About It What is blepharospasm? Blepharospasm Benign Essential Blepharospasm Information Page From the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Blepharospasm, Benign Essential

5. DMRF: Forms Of Dystonia: Blepharospasm To view specific content on this page, click on a category above. blepharospasm. 28.8K 56K Cable/T1 (Get RealPlayer) What is it? http://www.dystonia-foundation.org/defined/bleph.asp

To view specific content on this page, click on a category above. Blepharospasm Cable/T1 (Get RealPlayer) What is it? Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia characterized by increased blinking and involuntary closing of the eyes. People with blepharospasm have normal vision. Visual disturbance is due solely to the forced closure of the eyelids. Back to top Symptoms Blepharospasm affects the eye muscles and usually begins gradually with excessive blinking and/or eye irritation. In the early stages it may only occur with specific precipitating stressors, such as bright lights, fatigue, and emotional tension. It is almost always present in both eyes. As the condition progresses, it occurs frequently during the day. The spasms disappear in sleep, and some people find that after a good night's sleep, spasms do not appear for several hours after waking. In a few cases, spasms may intensify so that the eyelids remain forcefully closed for several hours at a time. Blepharospasm can occur with dystonia affecting the mouth and/or jaw (oromandibular dystonia, Meige's syndrome). In such cases, spasms of the eyelids are accompanied by jaw clenching or mouth opening, grimacing, and tongue protrusion. If blepharospasm causes any type of impairment, it is because muscle contractions interfere with normal function. Features such as cognition, strength, and the senses, including vision and hearing, are normal. While dystonia is not fatal, it is a chronic disorder and prognosis is difficult to predict.

6. Blepharospasm Loftus, M.D. 6448 Fannin Street Houston, Texas 77030. 713797-9191. About Dr. Loftus. Medical Information. Make An Appointment. Site Map/Search. HomeMedical Information blepharospasm blepharospasm. blepharospasm is a dystonia where the muscle that closes the eye (orbicularis Benign Essential blepharospasm Research Foundation. Dystonia Medical Research Foundation http://www.loftusmd.com/Articles/botulinum/Blepharospasm.html

Brian D. Loftus, M.D. 6448 Fannin Street Houston, Texas 77030 About Dr. Loftus Medical Information Make An Appointment Site Map/Search ... Medical Information: Blepharospasm Blepharospasm is a dystonia where the muscle that closes the eye (orbicularis oculi) contracts uncontrollably. The condition can be severe enough to cause traffic accidents when the patient is suddenly unable to open their eyes to see. The eyes can still be closed voluntarily. Many patients are initially diagnosed as having dry eyes, tics, or simply excessive but normal blinking. Botulinum Toxin Related Articles Blepharospasm Botulinum Toxin Hemifacial Spasm Hyperhidrosis ... Migraine Web Sites of Interest Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation Dystonia Medical Research Foundation Ad content by Google. No endorsement by Dr. Loftus of products or web sites listed. About Dr. Loftus

7. Blepharospasm Support Groups - Charlotte, NC - SupportWorks SupportWorks directory of support groups and other resources in Charlotte, NC addressing blepharospasm. http://www.supportworks.org/cat829.htm

S UPPORT W ORKS ONLINE MECK CAT 829 BLEPHAROSPASM Scroll down to browse, or click your choice below: Support groups in Mecklenburg County (NC) Nonprofit agencies in Mecklenburg County (NC0 ... to search beyond this page SECTION 1: Support groups in Mecklenburg County The Blepharospasm Support Group This group meets only twice a year, but helps folks with blepharospasm, meige (throat spasm), or any other upper body spasm find medical information and mutual support. Call a leader of the group at 831-1800 anyday from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. That's in Lake Wylie, SC and it's a free call from Charlotte. Click for overview of Blepharospasm resources SECTION 2: Nonprofit agencies in Mecklenburg County United Way 2-1-1 (Information and Referral Services) (138, all) This service provides comprehensive data and referral assistance for nonprofit and government resources in Mecklenburg, Cabarrus, and Union counties of NC. If you are calling from within one of those counties for personal assistance from a referral specialist, dial 2-1-1. If you are calling from outside these counties for data on organizations within any of these counties, call one of these numbers for information on: Mecklenburg (704/377-1100), Cabarrus (704/788-1156), and Union (704/289-8102). Although they are open 24 hours a day, you may wish to call weekdays from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. for non-emergency questions. The Health Library of Presbyterian Hospital Matthews The friendly staff at this full service library can help you research any medical topic using their up-to-date computers, databases, journals and books. No previous research experience or medical knowledge is required.

8. Eye Conditions > Blepharospasm -- EyeMDLink.com Conditions blepharospasm. Conditions Entire Site. Eye Conditions. Cataract. Conjunctivitis. Diabetic Retinopathy. Dry Eye Syndrome. Glaucoma. Index Eye Procedures. Cataract Surgery. Oculoplastics. Refractive Surgery. Vitreoretinal Eyelid Spasm. blepharospasm refers to uncontrolled closure or blinking of the eyes http://www.eyemdlink.com/Condition.asp?ConditionID=77

9. Blepharospasm Uncontrollable eyelid blinking can be treated with medication and surgery. blepharospasm. Benign essential blepharospasm consists of involuntary spasms of forceful eyelid Contact the Benign http://www.drhawes.com/blepharospasm.htm

var TlxPgNm='blepharospasm'; Michael J. Hawes, M. D., F.A.C.S. home Excessive Tearing Thyroid Related Eye Disease Orbital Tumors ... Birth Defects Blepharospasm Blepharospasm Benign essential blepharospasm consists of involuntary spasms of forceful eyelid closure and is more common than previously believed. The cause of the disorder is not yet known, although research continues. Botox or botulinum toxin therapy is helpful in most patients. This drug is given by injection into the muscles causing eyelid closure. It usually works within a few days or weeks and lasts 3-4 months. Contact the Benign Essential Blepharospasm Foundation for support groups, a newsletter, research information, and audio tapes describing BEB and its treatment. Sometimes surgery is used to treat this condition, especially when all other treatments have not succeeded. Pictured below is a patient who had a limited myectomy surgery performed by Dr. Hawes. He no longer requires Botox injections, although most patients still do need Botox after myectomy surgery. Services Menu 850 East Harvard Avenue #345 Denver, Colorado 80210

10. Blepharospasm Resource Guide [NEI] Provides patient information about blepharospasm, involuntary blinking or spasm of the eyelids. Information about causes, treatments, research studies, and resources. http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/blepha/

Health Funding News Laboratories ... Health Information Blepharospasm On this page: Other Names What is Blepharospasm? What causes Blepharospasm? What are the symptoms of Blepharospasm? ... Medical Literature Related Topics: Diagram of the Eye Vision-Related TermsSelected Online Sources Finding an Eye Care Professional Talking to Your Doctor ... Eye Health Organizations Database New! The information provided in this Resource Guide was developed by the National Eye Institute (NEI) to help patients and their families search for general information about blepharospasm . An eye care professional who has examined the patient's eyes and is familiar with his or her medical history is the best person to answer specific questions. Other Names Benign essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm. What is Blepharospasm? Blepharospasm is an abnormal, involuntary blinking or spasm of the eyelids. What causes Blepharospasm? Blepharospasm is associated with an abnormal function of the basal ganglion from an unknown cause. The basal ganglion is the part of the brain responsible for controlling the muscles. In rare cases, heredity may play a role in the development of blepharospasm. What are the symptoms of Blepharospasm?

11. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Eyelid Twitch blepharospasm is the medical term for when your eyelid muscles repeatedly and information and support, see www.blepharospasm.org ( Benign Essential blepharospasm Research Foundation http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000756.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Eyelid twitch Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Calling your health care provider Illustrations Eye Eye muscles Alternative names Return to top Eyelid spasm; Eye twitch; Blepherospasm; Twitch - eyelid Definition Return to top Blepharospasm is the medical term for when your eyelid muscles repeatedly and rhythmically contract. In some instances, the eyelid may repeatedly close (or nearly close) and re-open. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top The most common things that make the muscle in your eyelid twitch are fatigue, stress, and caffeine. Once spasms begin, they may continue off and on for a few days. Then, they disappear. Most people experience this type of eyelid twitch on occasion and find it very annoying. In most cases, you won't even notice when the twitch has stopped. More severe contractions, where the eyelid completely closes, are possible. These can be caused by irritation of the surface of the eye (cornea) or the membranes lining the eyelids (conjunctiva).

12. Encyclopedia - Blepharospasm Dictionary. Encyclopedia. Innovation Spotlight. Resources. Optical Illusions. Free Eye Tests. Eye Doctor. Eye Care Mall. Eye Care Library. Encyclopedia blepharospasm. What are the signs of blepharospasm? How is blapharospasm treated? A blepharospasm is a chronic, continuous, involuntary blinking or forcible closure of the eyelids http://www.visionrx.com/library/enc/enc_blepharospasm.asp

Health Center Dictionary Encyclopedia Innovation Spotlight ... Eye Care Library Encyclopedia - Blepharospasm What are the signs of blepharospasm? How is blapharospasm treated? What are the signs of blapharospasm? A blepharospasm is a chronic, continuous, involuntary blinking or forcible closure of the eyelids. It is caused by a dysfunction of the area of the brain that controls the muscles around the eye. Other facial muscles can twitch as well, particularly those around the cheek and brow. Severe cases can cause the eyelids to forcibly close for a longer period than the typical blink, disrupting vision. Symptoms occur most frequently in persons who are between the ages of 50 and 70. Women are three times more likely to develop the condition than men are. Blepharospasm should not be confused with ptosis, which is drooping of the eyelids caused by weakness or paralysis of a muscle in the upper eyelid. Another condition, called hemifacial spasm, affects muscles on one side of the face, often including the eyelid. The muscle contractions from this disorder are more rapid and transient, and they always affect just one side of the face. Blepharospasm usually affects both eyes. How is blapharospasm treated?

13. Blepharospasm Bulletin Board blepharospasm Bulletin Board. 16931792/1792, 1.5 hours. http://www.blepharospasm.org/forums/beb/

Blepharospasm Bulletin Board 1.5 hours 3 hours 6 hours 12 hours Today's last visit - page 1 page 2 page 3 page 4 page 5 page 6 page 7 page 8 page 9 page 10 page 11 page 12 page 13 page 14 page 15 page 16 page 17 page 18 page 19 page 20 New Post Find Reload Register Login Admin Welcome to newcomers Help Archives Bulletin Board Rules ... Shirley in New Mexico - your e-mail Sally in Idaho Re: Shirley in New Mexico - your e-mail Shirley Barr in New Mexico Meeting June catherine pender Re: Meeting June June in Toronto Botox treatment stopped! debbie from Canada Re: Botox treatment stopped! catherine pender Re: Botox treatment stopped! June in Toronto Botox treatment stopped! debbie from Canada Re: Botox treatment stopped! Claire from Canada Re: Botox treatment stopped! Sally in South Carolina Re: Botox treatment stopped! June in Toronto THANK YOU Nelson Re: THANK YOU Re: THANK YOU/teach1 Nelson Re: THANK YOU/teach1 Claire from Canada Re: THANK YOU/teach1 Re: THANK YOU/teach1 Joanne Matuzas Re: THANK YOU/teach1 Claire from Canada Re: THANK YOU/teach1 Mary, upstate NY Re: Grunting in throat Carol near Toronto, Canada

14. Welcome To Cox.net High Speed Internet Explanations of these three disorders, as to what they are and the symptoms. http://www.accessarizona.com/community/groups/azbebrf/What_is_blepharospas.html

Welcome to Cox.net! So we can localize your information, select your community from the menu below. Select Your Location Bakersfield Baton Rouge Central Florida Cleveland Connecticut Fredericksburg Hampton Roads Humboldt Kansas - Central Kansas - Northeast Kansas - Southeast Kansas - Western West Texas Las Vegas Middle Georgia New Orleans North Carolina Northern Virginia Oklahoma City Omaha Orange County Palos Verdes Pensacola Phoenix Rhode Island Roanoke San Diego Santa Barbara Tucson Tulsa

15. Eyelid Twitch Or Tic Eyelid Twitch or Tic. An eyelid twitch or tic is a minor spasm (blepharospasm) of the eyelids. The twitching may involve one or both eyelids. http://www.steen-hall.com/eyetic.html

Our Doctors Laser Vision Correction Cataract Surgery Conductive Keratoplasty ... Retinal Conditions (Including Macular Degeneration) Surgery Cornea Glaucoma General Eye Care Latest Information ... Financing Seminars SEARCH Home Eyelid Twitch or Tic An eyelid twitch or tic is a minor spasm (blepharospasm) of the eyelids. The twitching may involve one or both eyelids. Doctors are not sure why these twitches or tics occur; however, it is widely believed that stress is a contributing factor. Insufficient lubrication of the eye by tears may also play a role. These minor spasms usually disappear on their own. Blepharospasms are classified by their severity and the extent of the face that is affected. The basic classifications of blepharospasms are as follows: Eyelid twitches or Tics Benign Essential Blepharospasm (also called Essential Blepharospasm) Hemifacial spasms or Meige's Syndrome Home Our Doctors Laser Vision Correction ... Search Steen-Hall Eye Institute.

16. Dystonia Medical Research Foundation: Home Page Home page of the Dystonia Medical Research Foundation. Links to pages on all aspects of the movement disorder dystonia (blepharospasm, spasmodic torticollis, spasmodic dysphonia, writer's cramp). French and Spanish versions. http://www.dystonia-foundation.org/

May, 2004 Dear Foundation Friends- Dystonia Awareness Week is fast approaching - June 5-12, 2004 - and I hope you are making plans to celebrate with us. Working together, we can accomplish so much. more Fleisher Receives Leadership Award from AAN Bachmann-Strauss Receives Proceeds from Jenny Craig Book Musicians With Dystonia Program ... Contact The design and implementation of the Dystonia Foundation's website was made possible by a generous educational grant from the Allergan Foundation.

17. The Cosmetic Eyelid And Facial Rejuvenation Center Cosmetic eyelid surgery by Joseph A. Mauriello, Jr, MD. About oculoplastic surgery, orbital surgery, Botox and blepharospasm. Located in Summit. http://www.eyelidmd.net/

18. EMedicine - Blepharospasm, Benign Essential : Article By Stanley M Saulny, MD blepharospasm, Benign Essential The first record of blepharospasm and lower facial spasm was found in the 16th century in a painting titled De Gaper. http://www.emedicine.com/OPH/topic202.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Ophthalmology Lid Blepharospasm, Benign Essential Last Updated: November 15, 2001 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: BEB, essential blepharospasm AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Stanley M Saulny, MD , Fellow, Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute Stanley M Saulny, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology American Medical Writers Association , and American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery Editor(s): Ron W Pelton, MD, PhD , Consulting Staff, Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital; Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD , Senior Pharmacy Editor, Pharmacy, eMedicine; Mark T Duffy, MD, PhD Lance L Brown, OD, MD

19. Essential Blepharospasm And Hemifacial Spasm Home, Essential blepharospasm and Hemifacial Spasm. The onset of blepharospasm is typically in the fifth to sixth decade and is more common in women than in men. http://www.asoprs.org/Pages/blepharospasm.html

The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Essential Blepharospasm and Hemifacial Spasm Essential blepharospasm is a debilitating disorder of progressive involuntary spasms of the eyelid muscles (orbicularis oculi). Other muscles in the face or neck may be involved as well. Terms that sometimes are used in the description of this problem include dystonia (impaired or disordered muscle tone) and dyskinesia (a defect in voluntary movement). The onset of blepharospasm is typically in the fifth to sixth decade and is more common in women than in men. Although the cause of essential blepharospasm is incompletely understood, it is thought to be a result of "miscommunication" in the area(s) of the brain responsible for control of the involved muscles. The onset of essential blepharospasm usually is heralded by an increase in blinking or squinting with progression toward repetitive forceful closure and difficulty opening the eyelids. Blepharospasm is often made worse by stress, fatigue, bright lights, watching television or driving, and social interactions. Functional blindness in the presence of an otherwise normal visual system may result. Sleep, relaxation, walking, talking and other "tricks" may alleviate symptoms temporarily. Systemic medications have limited efficacy in treating the disease. However, some patients do benefit from such therapy alone or in conjunction with other treatment modalities. Local injection of a medication called botulinum toxin (brand name: Oculinum, Allergan Pharmaceuticals) last two to three months, after which time the injections need to be repeated for continued relief. As with any medication, "Oculinum" has side effects; fortunately, these typically are mild and temporary. For those patients who do not respond to "Oculinum" and/or systemic medications, there are surgical options. Excision of the involved muscles (myectomy) can decrease blepharospasm and has been shown to be superior to procedures that remove the nerve that stimulates the spasming muscles (facial neurectomy or nerve avulsion).

20. Meige's Syndrome Meige's Syndrome is a form of dystonia in which there is blinking and chin thrusting. The condition and its treatment are described by George W. Paulson, M.D. http://www.blepharospasm.org/meige.html

Meige's Syndrome by George W. Paulson, M.D. Kurtz Professor of Neurology The Ohio State University Medical Center Columbus, Ohio Web page created on December 13, 1997 Henri Meige described in 1904 what is now commonly called oral facial dystonia. There is some variation in what has been described since in what has been called Meige's syndrome, but in all descriptions there is blinking and chin thrusting. Some patients have lip pursing or tongue movements and, for a few, the movements spread into the shoulders. The cause remains obscure, treatment less than ideal, and frustration is a major factor as it is with blepharospasm. Many physicians, even regarding the more common essential blepharospasm, may have had no experience with Meige's syndrome and the patient may be told the process is psychologic. It is not. There are some similar conditions related to medication effects, for example, the mouth movement seen when excessive levodopa is present in patients with Parkinson's disease. Tardive dyskinesia, the movements that can follow prolonged use of major tranquilizers, can be associated with mouth and tongue movements. Some normal, elderly individuals develop spontaneous mouthing or chewing movements. Meige is more than and different from any of these other mouth movements. Blinking forcefully is often a part of it as is grimacing and the chin thrusting forward. At times there is a joint interactive movement between the oral movements and the eye movements. The patients are more likely to be women than men and usually at middle age or beyond. There is, as in all neurologic conditions, some variation with stress, but the movement is present at rest and with activity and when with others or alone. As with almost all movement disorders, it disappears in sleep.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 1     1-20 of 103    1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20