81. Management Of Bipolar Disorder - September 15, 2000 - American Family Physician Illness explained, epidemiology, clinical presentations, children, adolescents, comorbid conditions, treatment, ongoing care, medication, family and psychosocial issues and bibliography. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000915/1343.html

Advanced Search Management of Bipolar Disorder KIM S. GRISWOLD, M.D., M.P.H., and LINDA F. PESSAR, M.D. State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York A patient information handout on bipolar disorder, written by the authors of this article, is provided on page 1357. This article exemplifies the AAFP 2000 Annual Clinical Focus on mental health. Bipolar disorder most commonly is diagnosed in persons between 18 and 24 years of age. The clinical presentations of this disorder are broad and include mania, hypomania and psychosis. Frequently associated comorbid conditions include substance abuse and anxiety disorders. Patients with acute mania must be evaluated urgently. Effective mood stabilizers include lithium, valproic acid and carbamazepine. A comprehensive management program, including collaboration between the patient's family physician and psychiatrist, should be implemented to optimize medical care. (Am Fam Physician 2000;62:1343-53, 1357-8.) B ipolar disorder is characterized by variations in mood, from elation and/or irritability to depression. This disorder can cause major disruptions in family, social and occupational life. Bipolar I disorder is defined as episodes of full mania alternating with episodes of major depression. Patients with mania often exhibit disregard for danger and engage in high-risk behaviors such as promiscuous sexual activity, increased spending, violence, substance abuse and driving while intoxicated.

82. Cross Creek Family Counseling | Bipolar Disorder Symptoms, suicide, course of malady, children and adolescents, causes, treatment, coexisting illnesses, how to get help and clinical studies. http://www.crosscreekcounseling.com/bipolar.html

Cross Creek Family Counseling a California Corporation 8421 Auburn Boulevard, Building 3 Citrus Heights, California 95610 FAX (916) 722-9229 eMail: staff@CrossCreekCounseling.com Internet Counseling Our Services Office Appointments Online Counseling Telephone Counseling e-Mail Counseling ... Secure Order Form Information Pages Adult Survivors of Child Abuse Alcohol Abuse AMACs Anger Management ... Dictionary of Terms Resources Counseling Resources Victims of Crime (Free Counseling) About Cross Creek About Us The Staff Our Office Cross Creek Family Counseling provides conventional local office appointments as well as internet counseling and online therapy. Other communities in our area are: Carmichael, Fair Oaks, Orangevale, Gold River, Granite Bay, Folsom, Roseville, Rocklin, Loomis, Antelope, North Highlands, Rio Linda, Rancho Cordova, Elk Grove and Laguna. Marriage Counseling Marriage Counselors Marriage Family Therapists Online Counseling ... Telephone Counseling Seeking help through counseling is an act of bravery. We are gratefull to our clients for letting us share their journeys to wellness.

83. GCBF - Georgia Childhood Bipolar Foundation Parentrun advocacy site for resources, information, and support for families with children diagnosed with or at risk for early onset bipolar disorder. http://www.gcbf.org/

84. Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness) In Teens - AACAP Facts For Families This illness can affect anyone. However, if one or both parents have bipolar disorder, the chances are greater that their children will develop the disorder. http://www.aacap.org/publications/factsfam/bipolar.htm

B IPOLAR D ISORDER (MANIC-DEPRESSIVE ILLNESS) IN T EENS No. 38 Updated 5/2000 Teenagers with Bipolar Disorder may have an ongoing combination of extremely high (manic) and low (depressed) moods. Highs may alternate with lows, or the person may feel both extremes at the same time. Bipolar Disorder usually starts in adult life. Although less common, it does occur in teenagers and even rarely in young children. This illness can affect anyone. However, if one or both parents have Bipolar Disorder, the chances are greater that their children will develop the disorder. Family history of drug or alcohol abuse also may be associated with Bipolar Disorder in teens. Bipolar Disorder may begin either with manic or depressive symptoms. The manic symptoms include severe changes in mood compared to others of the same age and background - either unusually happy or silly, or very irritable, angry, agitated or aggressive unrealistic highs in self-esteem - for example, a teenager who feels all powerful or like a superhero with special powers great increase in energy and the ability to go with little or no sleep for days without feeling tired increase in talking - the adolescent talks too much, too fast, changes topics too quickly, and cannot be interrupted

85. BiPolar Children And Teens Welcome to bipolar children And Teens Homepage! A page for finding information to help parents deal with bipolar disorder in their children and Teens. http://hometown.aol.com/DrgnKpr1/BPCAT.html

Main Children's Mental Health htmlAdWH('7002568', '234', '60'); Welcome to BiPolar Children And Teens Homepage! A page for finding information to help parents deal with BiPolar Disorder in their Children and Teens Please check in often, this page is in constant revamp as we find more information and locations! It has only been recently (in the past 15 years or so) that professionals in the Psychiatric Field have even begun considering that BiPolar Disorder (a.k.a. Manic -Depression) may in fact have onset prior to puberty. I believe it was a surprise even to them how many children were being affected by BP. OUR STORY Jeremy was always a somber child. He would laugh and play like any normal child, but there were times when NOTHING would make him smile. Beginning at the age of 3, he really began having problems. He was "disenrolled" from 3 daycares for violence. In Kindergarten, he was way ahead of his class academically, but his teacher wanted to retain him for "immaturity". I refused to allow it. She told me that he would never succeed. He was always in trouble. I knew something was wrong, but everybody wanted to fix ME instead of believeing anything could be internally wrong with my baby. We moved back near my family when he was 6. The new school was smaller and the families more involved than what we had experienced before. I hoped that the changes would help. Within the first two weeks, the teacher asked me if he had ever been screened for ADHD. The answer was "no". I took him to a doctor who specialized in ADHD. It was his determination that Jeremy did have ADHD and we began treatment with Ritalin. When that didn't work well and Jeremy developed tics, the doctor moved on to alternative treatments. Catapres made him like a zombie and he crashed at each dosage increase. Imipramine seemd to help the most, but then it began to backfire on him.

86. Children With Bipolar Disorder bipolar children and Medications Links to internet pages discussing medications for bipolar disorder as they affect children and adolescents. http://bipolar.about.com/cs/menu_kids/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Bipolar Disorder Children Home Essentials What Is Bipolar Disorder? What Causes Bipolar Disorder? ... Medications zau(256,152,180,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Causes Celebrities Children Coping Resources ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Bipolar Disorder newsletter. zau(256,152,100,'hs','http://z.about.com/5/ad/hs.htm?zIhsid=00',''); Search Bipolar Disorder Children with Bipolar Disorder While a great deal of controversy still exists regarding the diagnosis criteria for children with bipolar disorder (manic depression), early onset bipolar disorder is now generally accepted. Found here are resources relating to children who have this disorder. Alphabetical Recent Conference on Bipolar Children – Overview Overview of the second annual Jean Paul Ohadi Conference on Children and Adolescents With Bipolar Disorders. Speakers included Demitri and Janice Papolos, authors of "The Bipolar Child," and George Lynn, MA, author of "Survival Strategies for Parenting Children With Bipolar Disorder." Oprah: "Explosive Children" Reviewing the Oprah show's segment on children who rage due to BP, ADD/ADHD, and/or ODD, with a plea for more responsible journalism such as this.

87. Manic Depression / Bipolar Disorder, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Cent bipolar disorder Cincinnati children s Hospital Medical Center explores the definitions, symptoms, diagnoses and treatments. http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/info/mental/diagnose/manic.htm

Home Contact Us Site Map Go to Advanced Search ... Major Depression Manic Depression / Bipolar Disorder Mood Disorders Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Oppositional Defiant Disorder Phobias ... Wellness Conditions and Diagnoses Manic Depression / Bipolar Disorder Related Services Psychiatry Psychology Bipolar disorder (manic-depressive illness) is a serious but treatable medical illness that occurs in all age groups. It is a disorder of the brain marked by extreme changes in mood, energy and behavior. Symptoms may be present since infancy or early childhood, or may suddenly emerge in adolescence or adulthood. Until recently, a diagnosis of the disorder was rarely made in childhood. Child psychiatrists can now recognize and treat bipolar disorder in very young children. Early intervention and treatment offer the best chance for children with pediatric bipolar disorder to achieve mood stability, gain the best possible level of wellness and develop normally. Proper treatment can minimize the adverse effects of this illness on the lives of these children and their families. How common is bipolar disorder in children?

88. Bipolar Disorder 7. Practice guidelines for treating children and adolescents. 8. Counseling children with bipolar disorder. SPONSOR S INFORMATION ONLINE CE! http://www.athealth.com/Consumer/newsletter/FPN_4_29.html

At Health, Inc. Sponsored Links From our sponsors: Consumer Newsletters advertisement Bipolar Disorder Friday's Progress Notes - September 29, 2000 Mental Health Information - Vol. 4 Issue 29 Published by athealth.com - http://www.athealth.com Join our leading online community of mental health professionals by subscribing to Friday's Progress Notes! It's free! CONTENTS Managing patients with bipolar disorder Overview of bipolar affective disorder Treatment of bipolar disorder Medication treatment of bipolar disorder ... Counseling children with bipolar disorder SPONSOR'S INFORMATION ONLINE CE! EARN CREDIT WITHOUT LEAVING YOUR OFFICE! Bipolar Disorder and Alcoholism HIPAA Made Friendly: How To Become Compliant - Second Edition Ethical and Legal Issues in Substance Abuse Treatment Diagnosing and Treating Co-Dependence Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety Disorders OCD: The Secret Childhood Epidemic Focus on Child Sexual Abuse Child Custody: Who Should Parent the Children? Childhood and Adolescent Eating Disorders For a complete course catalog, click on

89. Children With Bipolar Conduct Disorder How to deal with the bipolar conduct disorder in children. children with bipolar conduct disorder. How to deal with the bipolar conduct disorder in children. http://wawa.essortment.com/bipolardisorder_rfmh.htm

Children with bipolar conduct disorder How to deal with the bipolar conduct disorder in children. What treatments are available; what are the symptoms? Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depression, is a disorder of the brain marked by extreme mood swings, rise or fall in activity levels, and erratic behavioral changes. Most children with this disorder will go from a nearly euphoric high mood (manic) to a deeply depressed pessimistic and sometimes even suicidal mood (Depressive). Children have a rougher time dealing with this disorder because they don't understand why they feel the way they do. Sometimes before they are diagnosed, the child may be labeled in school as a troublemaker or the child is so withdrawn that they have lost interest in school activities, and have failed to make friends. With Bipolar disorder, understanding what the child is going through is the most important key to treatment. Bipolar is a serious condition, and although there is no cure, it's treatable with medication. bodyOffer(28305) Symptoms can start showing up as early as infancy. Bipolar disorder is different in children than it is in adults.

90. For Consumers Not On SEROQUEL Understanding Bipolar Mania Explaining Your bipolar disorder to children. 1 Here are some reasons why children should be talked to openly about bipolar disorder http://www.seroquel.com/cons_bip/not/understand_bipolar/explaining.asp

Talking to Your Doctor About SEROQUEL Resources Tools ... Researching the Causes of Bipolar Disorder Explaining Your Bipolar Disorder to Children Distinguishing Bipolar I Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder Myths About Mental Illness Diagnosing Mental Illness Mental Health Professionals and Their Roles ... People are There to Help Explaining Your Bipolar Disorder to Children Illness of any kind can confuse and worry children of all ages. The most effective way to minimize the effects your illness may have on children is to educate them. Here are some reasons why children should be talked to openly about bipolar disorder: Children often imagine that things are worse than they really are; the truth is often not as bad as they fear Being honest with children helps them trust you Understanding that there is a real "disease" involved can help children feel for and respect you Understanding can also help reduce their anger and guilt about what has happened Children can be angry if left in the dark about how their family differs from those of their friends Children may be better prepared to respond if their friends say negative things about you As you can see, there are good reasons to be open and honest about your condition to children in your life. You can always ask a trusted health care professional for advice about what to say to children of different ages. Here are some general tips that you may find useful:

91. Medication For Bipolar Disorder Individuals with bipolar disorder who cycle rapidly, (changing rapidcycling and non-rapid-cycling bipolar. Medication precautions with children, the elderly http://www.psychologyinfo.com/depression/meds-bipolar.htm

92. Ask NOAH About: Bipolar Disorders children and bipolar disorders About EarlyOnset bipolar disorder - Child and Adolescent bipolar Foundation Child and Adolescent bipolar disorder An Update http://www.noah-health.org/english/illness/mentalhealth/bipolar.html

Ask NOAH About: Bipolar Disorders What are Bipolar Disorders? Care and Treatment The Basics Depression Children and Bipolar Disorders Teens and Bipolar Disorders ... Return to the Mental Health Page What are Bipolar Disorders? The Basics Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depression) - National Institute of Mental Health Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depression) - American Psychiatric Association Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression) - Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance Bipolar Disorder - National Alliance for the Mentally Ill ... PDF File of 12 Pages) Dark Glasses and Kaleidoscopes - Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance (contains Real Player File of 32 minutes) Going to Extremes: Bipolar Disorder - National Institute of Mental Health Guide to Depression and Manic-Depression - Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance PDF File of 17 Pages) FAQs About Bipolar Disorder - Massachusetts General Hospital Manic Depression / Bipolar Disorder - Methodist Healthcare System, Houston TX (also in Spanish A Story of Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Does This Sound Like You? - National Institute of Mental Health What is Bipolar Disorder? - Mayo Clinic You've Just Been Diagnosed: Now What? - Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance ... PDF File of 11 Pages) Children and Bipolar Disorders About Early-Onset Bipolar Disorder - Child and Adolescent Bipolar Foundation Child and Adolescent Bipolar Disorder: An Update from the National Institute of Mental Health - National Institute of Mental Health The Educational Needs of a Child or Adolescent with Bipolar Disorder - Child and Adolescent Bipolar Foundation Child and Adolescent Information - Depression and Related Affective Disorders Association ... Is It Just a Mood... or Something Else?: Information on Mood Disorders for Young People - Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance

93. USATODAY.com - Bipolar Disorder Hits Young Hard That s because, experts say, children with bipolar disorder may appear instead to be hyperactive or have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, commonly http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2001-08-31-bipolar-kids.htm

Home News Main Categories Top News Nation States Washington/Politics ... Offbeat More News Columnists Lotteries City Guides Government Guide ... Weather Site Web Click here to get the Daily Briefing in your inbox 08/31/2001 - Updated 12:40 PM ET Bipolar disorder hits young hard By Linda Searing , HealthScoutNews Reporter People may think small kids don't generally get as sick as grown-ups. But new research shows that when bipolar disorder, or manic depression, is involved, the exact opposite is true. "The little children that we see have the most severe form of the illness," says Dr. Barbara Geller, one of the nation's acknowledged pioneers in research on bipolar children. By contrast, she says, only 20 percent of adults with the disorder have the severest form. A typical bipolar adult has high or low periods that last for a few months, she explains, but can feel and behave normally in between, free of the disorder's telltale mood swings. "But the children do not have well periods," Geller, a psychiatry professor at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, says. Rather, they have manic and depressive episodes almost simultaneously, her research shows. "A child can be absolutely manic and amusing and, just a few minutes later, can be suicidal and talk about stabbing themselves in the heart," Geller says.

94. Bipolar Disorder Can Affect Young Children, May Co-Exist With ADHD Unlike the more predictable patterns of adult bipolar disorder, children often exhibit irritable moods, explosive outbursts and may undergo manicdepressive http://www.pslgroup.com/dg/1cee02.htm

95. AboutOurKids.org | About Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depressive Illness) bipolar disorder is rare in children under the age of twelve, and most often diagnosed during adolescence between the ages of 15 and 19 years. http://www.aboutourkids.org/aboutour/articles/about_bipolar.html

Board of Directors Director's Corner Education Advisory Council Virtual Trophy Case ... Frequently Asked Questions E-Mail to a Friend Printer Friendly About Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depressive Illness) by Robin F. Goodman, Ph.D. and Anita Gurian, Ph.D. Introduction How is it treated? Real Life Stories What are the symptoms? ... Why does it happen? Introduction Bipolar Disorder is characterized by intense, persistent mood swings between the poles of depression and mania. These moods are greatly intensified or clearly different from the youngster's usual personality and are far out of proportion to events in the environment in intensity and/or duration. To meet the criteria for this diagnosis, a person must have experienced the typical signs of depression - helplessness, hopelessness and worthlessness - as well as the signs of mania - grandiosity and exuberance. The disorder may be genetic and caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain. Medication is extremely successful in moderating the symptoms. Back to top.

96. Bipolar And ADHD children with bipolar disorder may or may not show clear behavioral episodes or cycles, but they do tend to exhibit increasingly more severe or dramatic http://www.adhdnews.com/bipolar.htm

Diagnosing Bipolar VS. ADHD Back to ADHD News and Information By Dr. Charles Popper Similarities Both disorders share many characteristics: impulsivity, inattention, hyperactivity, physical energy, behavioral and emotional lability (behavior and emotions change frequently), frequent coexistence of conduct disorder and oppositional-defiant disorder, and learning problems. Motor restlessness during sleep may be seen in both (children who are bipolar are physically restless at night when "high or manic",though they may have little physical motion during sleep when "low or depressed"). Family histories in both conditions often include mood disorder. Psychostimulants or antidepressants can help in both disorders (that is, depending on the phase of the bipolar disorder). In view of the similarities, it is not surprising that the disorders are hard to tell apart. Differences So what features can help in distinguishing these two disorders? Some distinctions are obvious. 1. Destructiveness may be seen in both disorders but differs in origin. Children who are ADHD often break things carelessly while playing ("non-angry destructiveness"), whereas the major destructiveness of children who are bipolar is not a result of carelessness, but tends to occur in anger. Children who are bipolar may exhibit severe temper tantrums, during which they release manic quantities of physical and emotional energy, sometimes with violence and property destruction. 2. The duration and intensity of angry outbursts and temper tantrums in the two disorders differs. Children who are ADHD usually calm down within 20-30 minutes, whereas children who are bipolar may continue to feel and act angry for over 30 minutes and even for 2-4 hours. The physical energy that a child with ADHD "puts out" during an outburst of anger could be mimicked by an adult who tries to "enact" the tantrum, whereas the energy generated by angry children who are bipolar could not be imitated by most adults without reaching exhaustion within a few minutes.

97. Bipolar Disorder Research Index -- Neurotransmitter.net bipolar disorder Index Genetic Research PKC Research Dopamine Norepinephrine Neuroanatomy Mixed States Atypical Depression Cyclothymia bipolar children Rapid http://www.neurotransmitter.net/bipolar.html

Neurotransmitter.net Research Index Other Resources Neuroscience News Links Drug Research Drug Mechanisms Mirtazapine Research Lithium/Valproic Acid Aripiprazole Ampakines MDMA Pharmacology MDMA Neurotoxicity Ethyl Alcohol Hangovers Acetaminophen Toxicity NMDA Antagonist Toxicity Neuroscience Research Neurosignaling Chart Receptor Family Reviews Consciousness Perceptual Control Theory Neuron Microscopy Melanin-Concentrating H... Serotonin Research Index Glucocorticoids Neuronal Differentiation ADAR's Medium Spiny Neurons Tripeptidyl Peptidase II Unsorted Research Bipolar Disorder Research Bipolar Disorder Index Genetic Research PKC Research Dopamine Norepinephrine Neuroanatomy Mixed States Atypical Depression Cyclothymia Bipolar Children Rapid Cycling SSRI- induced Mania Diagnostics Research Comorbidity Suicide Gender Differences Non-Genetic Factors Substance Abuse Prefrontal Cortex Anterior Cingulate Amygdala Thalamus Somatostatin Receptor 5 5-HT2C Receptors Unsorted Research p. 1 Unsorted Research p. 2 Rating Scales Unipolar Depression Future Treatments Atypical Depression CRF Corticosteroid Receptors Serotonin Vasopressin Genetic Research Folate and Vitamin B12 SERT and Platelet 5-HT Borna Virus Other Disorders Psychiatric Rating Scales ADHD Genetic Research Anxiety Disorder Genetics Panic Disorder Genetics Fibromyalgia Genetics Narcolepsy Genetics OCD Genetics OCD Neuroimaging PANDAS Mycoplasma and CFS bipolar disorder research index Compilations of randomized controlled trials that involved a number of drugs for bipolar disorder are now available. See Neurotransmitter.net's

98. HON Mother & Child Glossary, Childhood Mental Health: Bipolar Depression Although rare in young children, bipolar disorder, or manicdepressive illness, can appear in both children and adolescents. bipolar http://www.hon.ch/Dossier/MotherChild/child_mentalhealth/bipolar_depression.html

Introduction Reproduction Pregnancy During Pregnancy ... Glossary A-Z Childhood Illness Bacteria Virus Cancer Gastrointestinal ... Mental Health Childhood Mental Health: Bipolar Depression Description Although rare in young children, bipolar disorder , or manic-depressive illness , can appear in both children and adolescents. Bipolar disorder, which involves unusual shifts in mood, energy, and functioning, may begin with either manic, depressive, or mixed manic and depressive symptoms. It is more likely to affect the children of parents who have the disorder. 20 to 40% of adolescents with major depression develop bipolar disorder within 5 years after depression onset. Existing evidence indicates that bipolar disorder beginning in childhood or early adolescence may be a different, possibly more severe form of the illness than older adolescent- and adult-onset bipolar disorder. When the illness begins before or soon after puberty, it is often characterised by a continuous, rapid-cycling, irritable, and mixed symptom state that may co-occur with disruptive behaviour disorders, particularly attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or conduct disorder , or may have features of these disorders as initial symptoms.

99. Internet Links to learning disabilities for parents, teachers, and children ****. Conduct ODD, Depression, bipolar, Social Phobia, Panic disorder, OCD, Tourette s http://www.mentalhealth.com/p13.html

Internet Links Policy: We list only English-language sites providing more than 10 pages of free, scientifically sound mental health information. Whenever possible, sites are are rated by popularity using asterisks (**). Anxiety Disorders Anxiety Disorder Association of America Anxiety Disorders Education Program - National Institute of Mental Health *** the Anxiety Panic internet resource (tAPir) Panic/Anxiety Disorders - About.com The Phobia List Anxiety and Panic Support Persons page ... Anxiety and Stress Disorders Clinic - Ohio State University * Laboratory for the Study of Anxiety Disorders - University of Texas at Austin * Yahoo's Anxiety Disorders Links Yahoo's Phobia Links Newsgroup: alt.support.anxiety-panic Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ... National Center for PTSD - Dartmouth (includes PILOTS database) *** Sidran Foundation - Trauma and PTSD *** Yahoo! Health - Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Gift From Within Posttraumatic Stress Disorder - Facts for Health * Social Phobia social-anxiety.org Social Phobia/Social Anxiety Association Social Anxiety Disorder - Facts for Health * Newsgroup: alt.support.social-phobia

100. Bipolar I Disorder In Children bipolar I disorder in children Pediatric Behavioral Health Resources, LLC offers information, training, and resources on a variety of mental and behavioral http://www.earlychildhoodbehavioralhealth.com/Disorders/bipolarI.htm

behavior disorders home behavior articles behavior disorders books on behavior ... contact us bipolar I disorder Bipolar I Disorder has six different categories, including: Single Manic Episode No past episodes of Major Depression and the presence of only one Manic Episode Most Recent Episode Hypomanic Currently in a hypomanic episode, having had more than on manic episode or mixed episode, significantly distressed or impaired socially or occupationally Most Recent Episode Manic Current or most recent episode was Manic, and at least one major depression episode or mixed episode Most Recent Episode Mixed Current or most recent episode was Major Depression and at least one Manic Episode Most Recent Episode Hypomanic Current or most recent episode was Hypomanic, at least one Manic episode or Mixed episode, and mood symptoms are significantly impairing social or occupational performance Most Recent Episode Mixed The current or most recent episode was Major Depression and there has been at least one Manic Episode Although rare in young children, bipolar disorder—also known as manic-depressive illness—can appear in both children and adolescents.37 Bipolar disorder, which involves unusual shifts in mood, energy, and functioning, may begin with either manic, depressive, or mixed manic and depressive symptoms. It is more likely to affect the children of parents who have the disorder. Twenty to 40 percent of adolescents with major depression develop bipolar disorder within 5 years after depression onset.

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