81. Health Library - atrial fibrillation. Overview. What is atrial fibrillation? atrial fibrillation is the most common form of irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia). http://12.42.224.166/Library/HealthGuide/IllnessConditions/_followlink.asp?sgml_

82. Modified Maze Procedure For Atrial Fibrillation The modified Maze procedure, done via radiofrequency ablation, microwave energy, cryoablation or laser, is one method of stopping atrial fibrillation. http://www.columbiasurgery.org/divisions/cardiac/afib.html

Shortcuts Directions Events Find the Right Doctor Directory Risk Assessments Search Second Opinion Send for Info Site Map Radiofrequency Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Michael Argenziano, MD Director, Columbia Surgical Arrhythmia Program 1.866.SURG.AFIB Introduction Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias, affecting 0.4% of the general population and 5 to 10% of persons over 65 years of age. In addition, AF occurs in as many as 50% of patients undergoing cardiac operations. Patients with chronic AF may suffer from symptomatic tachycardia or low cardiac output, and have a 5-10% risk of thromboembolic complications. Compared to age-matched cohorts in sinus rhythm, patients with chronic AF are at twice the risk for death. Although electrical cardioversion, alone or in combination with antiarrhythmic therapy, is often effective in restoring sinus rhythm, recurrence rates as high as 75% have been reported. Furthermore, pharmacologic therapy is associated with adverse effects in a significant proportion of patients. Since the initial description of the MAZE procedure by Cox and colleagues, a number of surgical approaches have been devised for the treatment of AF. Although successful in the eradication of AF in a high percentage of cases, these procedures are invasive (requiring median sternotomy, cardiopulmonary bypass, cardioplegic arrest, extensive cardiac dissection, and/or multiple atrial incisions) and are associated with significant morbidity. Recent investigations suggest that in many patients, AF may be caused by reentry wavelets limited to specific areas near the origins of the pulmonary veins. In fact, several authors have reported success with more limited procedures aimed at the electrical isolation of discrete atrial regions, utilizing atriotomy, radiofrequency ablation, or cryoablation.

83. Atrial Fibrillation atrial fibrillation is a type of cardiac arrhythmia (abnormality of heart rate or rhythm). atrial fibrillation http://womenshealth.aetna.com/WH/ihtWH/r.WSIHW000/st.36134/t.36221.html

Atrial Fibrillation What Is It? Symptoms Diagnosis Expected Duration ... Additional Info What Is It? The rapid and irregular heartbeat produced by atrial fibrillation cannot pump blood out of the heart efficiently. As a result, blood tends to pool in the heart chambers, increasing the risk of blood-clot formation inside the heart. Blood clots can travel from the heart into the bloodstream and circulate through the body. Ultimately, they may become lodged in an artery, causing pulmonary embolism, stroke and other disorders. In general, anything that disturbs the normal electrical impulses in the heart can trigger a cardiac arrhythmia, causing the heart to beat too quickly, too slowly or erratically. The major factors that increase the risk of atrial fibrillation are: Age Coronary artery disease Rheumatic heart disease (caused by rheumatic fever) High blood pressure (hypertension) Diabetes Thyrotoxicosis (an excess of thyroid hormones) In many patients, the underlying cause of atrial fibrillation is more serious than the arrhythmia itself. Back To Top Symptoms Atrial fibrillation often causes no symptoms at all. When symptoms do occur, there may be palpitations (awareness of a rapid heartbeat), fainting, dizziness, weakness, shortness of breath and angina pectoris (chest pain caused by a reduced blood supply to the heart muscle). Some people with atrial fibrillation have periods of completely normal heartbeats.

84. Adult Health Advisor 2003.2: Atrial Fibrillation atrial fibrillation. What is atrial fibrillation? atrial fibrillation is a heart rhythm disturbance. How do I prevent atrial fibrillation? http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/aha/aha_atfibril_car.htm

Adult Health Topics All Health Topics Find a UMHS Doctor T his information is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a substitute for medical treatment. You should speak to your physician or make an appointment to be seen if you have questions or concerns about this information or your medical condition. Search Adult Topics Search All Topics T his information is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a substitute for medical treatment. You should speak to your physician or make an appointment to be seen if you have questions or concerns about this information or your medical condition. Index Spanish version Atrial Fibrillation What is atrial fibrillation? Atrial fibrillation is a heart rhythm disturbance. It causes an irregular and sometimes very fast heartbeat. It occurs when the upper chambers of the heart, called atria, contract in a rapid, uncoordinated way. How does it occur? An electrical impulse within your heart starts its pumping motion. Normally, this impulse for each heartbeat begins in the right atrium of the heart. It then moves along a tissue pathway to the lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles). In atrial fibrillation the usual sequence of events is altered. The normal coordinated contraction (squeezing) of the heart chambers does not occur. The atrial muscles tend to quiver and do not coordinate with the ventricular contractions. This loss of coordination affects the ability of the heart to pump blood. It also causes an increase in your heart rate.

85. UMMC - Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter Heart Rate and Rhythym atrial fibrillation/Flutter. What is atrial fibrillation/flutter? Atrial flutter is similar to atrial fibrillation. http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/heart/rate01.htm

Heart Information - Adult Health Topics A-Z Heart Rate and Rhythym Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter What is atrial fibrillation/flutter? The atria are the upper chambers of the heart. When healthy, they contract at a rate that is coordinated with the contractions of the heart's lower chambers, called ventricles. Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter are abnormalities in the rhythm or rate of the heart beat. For an adult at rest, the heart normally beats between 60 and 80 beats per minute, but when atrial fibrillation (fih-brill-AY-shin) occurs, the atria may beat irregularly and very rapidly, between 350 and 600 times per minute. This causes the ventricles to beat irregularly in response as they try to keep up with the atria. Atrial flutter is similar to atrial fibrillation. The atrial contractions are less rapid, however, usually between 200 to 400 beats per minute, and are regular. What causes atrial fibrillation/flutter? Atrial fibrillation may be caused by such conditions as coronary artery disease rheumatic heart disease , mitral valve problems, heart infection or an overactive thyroid gland. Atrial flutter is often associated with a

86. AME Assisted Special Issuance - Atrial Fibrillation AASI FOR HISTORY OF atrial fibrillation. There is a recurrent episode of atrial fibrillation. The applicant develops chronic atrial fibrillation. http://www.faa.gov/avr/aam/Game/Version_2/03amemanual/PROTOCOLS/AASIs/AASIAFIB.h

Home Site Map DOT Ask FAA ... Feedback Office of Aerospace Medicine Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners AASI FOR HISTORY OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AME Assisted Special Issuance (AASI) is a process that provides Examiner's the ability to reissue a third-class airman medical certificate to an applicant with a medical history of an initially disqualifying condition. The FAA staff physicians provide the initial certification decision and grant the Authorization in accordance with part 67 ( 14 CFR § 67.401 ). The Authorization letter is accompanied by attachments that specify the information that treating physician(s) must provide for the reissuance determination. If this is a first time issuance for the above disease/condition, and the airman has all of the requisite medical information necessary for a determination, you must defer and submit all of the documentation to the AMCD, or contact your RFS for the initial determination.

87. Virtual Hospital: Cardiology: Atrial Fibrillation For Patients. atrial fibrillation Frequently Asked Questions. atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia requiring treatment in the United States. http://www.vh.org/adult/patient/internalmedicine/faq/atrialfibrillation.html

For Patients Atrial Fibrillation: Frequently Asked Questions Brian Olshansky, M.D., Professor of Internal Medicine University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Creation Date: May 2001 Last Revision Date: May 2001 Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia requiring treatment in the United States. Approximately 2.2 million individuals in this country have atrial fibrillation. What causes atrial fibrillation? Atrial fibrillation is associated with many cardiac conditions, including cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, ventricular hypertrophy and other associated conditions. Atrial fibrillation has been associated with hyperthyroidism, acute alcohol intoxication, changes in the autonomic nervous system and is common after cardiac surgery. The most common condition associated with atrial fibrillation is high blood pressure. Some people have atrial fibrillation with no obvious source or associated condition. This is more frequent in younger people and it is called "lone" atrial fibrillation. It is likely that people who have this form of atrial fibrillation have had some inflammatory process or trauma to the atrium. Some people have a focal source that originates from the pulmonary veins. Is atrial fibrillation associated with a heart attack or a stroke?

88. Public Health And Aging: Atrial Fibrillation As A Contributing Cause Of Death An Public Health and Aging atrial fibrillation as a Contributing Cause of Death and Medicare Hospitalization United States, 1999. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5207a2.htm

Public Health and Aging: Atrial Fibrillation as a Contributing Cause of Death and Medicare Hospitalization - United States, 1999 Stroke is the leading cause in the United States of serious long-term disability and the third leading cause of death. One of the major risk factors for stroke is atrial fibrillation (AF), a common cardiac disorder characterized by cardiac arrhythmia and the absence of coordinated contractions, which increases the risk for blood stasis, clot formation, and embolic stroke. AF affects approximately 2.2 million adults in the United States ( ) and is the most common sustained heart rhythm disturbance observed in clinical practice ( 80 years ( ). The frequency with which AF is reported on death certificates as a contributing cause of death has increased since 1980 ( ). To assess the burden of AF-related deaths and hospitalizations among U.S. residents, CDC analyzed national and state multiple-cause mortality statistics and Medicare hospital claims for persons with AF in 1999 (the latest year for which data were available) for the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The findings indicate that AF as a contributing cause of death and hospitalization affects primarily persons aged 75 years and that death and hospitalization rates vary by state. Public and medical education are needed to prevent and reduce AF-related disability and death.

89. CDC's Cardiovascular Health Program | Atrial Fibrillation Fact Sheet Resource Library » Fact Sheets atrial fibrillation Fact Sheet. A text version of this graphic is also available.. Facts on atrial fibrillation. http://www.cdc.gov/cvh/library/fs_atrial_fibrillation.htm

Home Contact Us Program Activities Announcements ... Fact Sheets Atrial Fibrillation Fact Sheet Age-adjusted death rates for atrial fibrillation as a contributing cause—United States, 1999 Age adjusted to the 2000 U.S. population Source: 1999 mulitple-cause mortality data from the National Vital Statistics, CDC. MMWR [A text version of this graphic is also available.] Facts on Atrial Fibrillation Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained heart rhythm disorder and increases the risk for heart disease and stroke, both leading causes of death in the United States. An estimated 2.2 million adults in the United States have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation is the quivering of the top right chamber of the heart. It is characterized by a rapid and irregular beat that can cause serious complications, even death. If the heart rate is rapid and irregular, a healthcare provider should be seen quickly. Ideal adult pulse is steady with regular rates of 60–80 beats per minute. Deaths associated with atrial fibrillation mortality have increased over the past two decades. Overall, the age-standardized death rate (per 100, 000 US population) increased from 27.6 in 1980 to 69.8 in 1998.

90. Anesthesia And Atrial Fibrillation Anaesthesia and atrial fibrillation. Top of Page. Preoperative amiodarone as prophylaxis against atrial fibrillation after heart surgery. Daoud EG. http://www.4um.com/tutorial/anaesth/atrial.htm

4um.com News Movies Music Medicine ... Click Here to return to the Tutorial Index Page Anaesthesia and Atrial Fibrillation All tutorials located on this site are the property of Patrick Neligan and are for personal study purposes only. They are not peer reviewed and no responsibility is taken for inaccuracies. These tutorials must not be reproduced without permission or used in any other publication. THE PERIOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION Clinical Scenarios What is atrial fibrillation? Why is atrial fibrillation important? How is Atrial Fibrillation Managed. Suggested Treatment Protocol Preoperative assessment The Effects of Anaesthesia on Atrial Fibrillation Atrial Fibrillation following Cardiothoracic Surgery Key Points Clinical Scenarios CASE 1 A 74 year old female presents for cystoscopy for TURBT. She has a history of hypertension and an irregular pulse. She complains of dyspnoea on moderate exertion. Current medications are Dyazide one table mane, Methyldopa one tab mane and Digoxin 0.0625mg mane. On examination, her blood pressure is 150/90, apex rate 144, irregularly irregular. JVP is raised 4cm. No murmurs. Lung fields are clear. Palpable liver, saccral and pedal oedema. How would you manage this patient?

91. Your Heart Center -- Cardioversion/Atrial Fibrillation atrial fibrillation is a heart rhythm disturbance that occurs when there is an abnormality in the atrial chambers or the SA node (see “HOW YOUR HEART WORKS http://www.akrongeneral.org/hrtcardversion.asp

Cardioversion/ Atrial Fibrillation The Heart Center AKRON GENERAL Your Heart and How it Works Glossary Testing Instructions Atrial Fibrillation ... Follow-Up Care This booklet describes artial fibrillation and treatment options including aftercare and homegoing instructions to help you prepare for your procedure. If you or a family member has any additional questions or concerns please discuss them with your doctor or nurse at any time. Your Heart and How it Works GLOSSARY Arrhythmia: Atrium: the top chambers of the heart Atrioventricular(AV) node: Electrocardiogram or EKG: computerized recording of electrical activity of the heart IV: intravenous needle and fluid drip Sinoatrial (SA) Ventricles: the bottom chambers of the heart TESTING INSTRUCTIONS DO NOT EAT OR DRINK AFTER MIDNIGHT THE DAY OF THE PROCEDURE UNTIL THE PROCEDURE IS COMPLETE. At that time, your doctor will order you food and liquids. The medications you receive will be determined by your doctor and should be taken with a small sip of water. Laboratory tests, electrocardiograms (EKG) and chest X-rays may be needed.

92. THE MERCK MANUALSECOND HOME EDITION, Atrial Fibrillation And atrial fibrillation and Atrial Flutter. Atrial atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter are more common among older people. Atrial http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual_home2/sec03/ch027/ch027c.jsp

93. Patient And Public Information Center : Heart Rhythm Society atrial fibrillation (also called AF or A Fib) is a common heart rhythm disorder caused by a problem in the conduction of electrical impulses in the upper http://www.naspe-patients.org/patients/heart_disorders/atrial_fibrillation/

location.replace("http://www.hrspatients.org/patients/heart_disorders/atrial_fibrillation/Default.asp") HOME SITE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS THE NORMAL HEART Prevention ... EDUCACIÓN DEL PACIENTE Atrial Fibrillation (also called AF or A Fib) is a common heart rhythm disorder caused by a problem in the conduction of electrical impulses in the upper chambers, or atria, of the heart. A Fib and other rapid heartbeats that arise in the atria, or in the juncture between the atria and the lower chambers (ventricles) are called "supraventricular tachycardias." Table of Contents What Causes a Atrial Fibrillation? Types of Atrial Fibrillation Health Risks A Fib and Stroke ... Atrial Flutter More than 2 million people in the U.S. have A Fib, and about 160,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. A Fib is uncommon among young people, although it can occur in people of any age. The likelihood of developing the condition, however, increases as we get older.

94. Atrial Fibrillation: AF And Vagal AF, A Online Continuing Education Course atrial fibrillation AF and Vagal AF This results in ineffective and uncoordinated contraction of the atria in atrial fibrillation. http://www.learnwell.org/af.htm

Learn Well I nstitute Online Continuing Education in Ethics and Health NURSES COUNSELORS LVNs about us ... home Atrial Fibrillation: AF and Vagal AF OBJECTIVES: After the course, you will describe 1. causes, 2. risks, 3. symptoms, 4. signs, 5. tests and 6. treatment of AF. Course LWN320. Explore this page for free. Or study this web-site for an approved (RN-CEP 11430) 3-hours Continuing Education Certificate for counselors, social workers, nurses and other human service professionals (0.3 CEUs) and take the 12-question multiple-choice AutoTest at the bottom of this page. You may also take it the same way as health education. If you scored 75% or above, your CE certificate will be printed out right then on your printer 24/7. You may retake the test within a week once for free. If you paid by mistake or paid double, we refund the payment within 3 days. If you have difficulty printing your certificate, click here. The instructor is R. Klimes, PhD, MPH. Section 1-7 come in the main from the NIH, the CDC and ACC and present reliable up-to-date information. Sections 8 and 9 are more anecdotal reviews and need to be read critically and may or may not include some presently broadly accepted information. Atrial fibrillations (AF) are electrical signals in the atria that are fired in a very fast and uncontrolled manner. Electrical signals arrive in the ventricles in a completely irregular fashion, so the heart beat is irregular.

95. WPW Syndrome With Atrial Fibrillation A 47 year old man with a long history of palpitations and, lately, blackouts. WolfParkinson-White syndrome with atrial fibrillation. http://www.ecglibrary.com/wpwaf.html

A 47 year old man with a long history of palpitations and, lately, blackouts. Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome with atrial fibrillation irregularly irregular, wide complex tachycardia impulses from the atria are conducted to the ventricles via either both the AV node and accessory pathway producing a broad fusion complex or just the AV node producing a narrow complex (without a delta wave) or just the accessory pathway producing a very broad 'pure' delta wave people who develop this rhythm and have very short R - R intervals are at higher risk of VF

96. Treatment Of Atrial Fibrillation © 2000 Best Practice CME, All Rights Reserved. http://www.cmeprograms.umn.edu/bestpractice/afib/atrialfibrillationhome.html

97. Atrial Fibrillation Cardioversion atrial fibrillation Cardioversion, Left atrium 4.5 cm poorly maintains sinus rhythm. Short duration of atrial fibrillation ( 48 hours) http://www.fpnotebook.com/CV7.htm

Home About Links Index ... Editor's Choice document.write(code); Advertisement Cardiovascular Medicine Arrhythmia Assorted Pages Sudden Cardiac Death Sudden Arrhythmia Death Syndrome Atrial Fibrillation Atrial Fibrillation Causes ... Sudden Death in Athletes Atrial Fibrillation Cardioversion Book Home Page Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Dermatology Emergency Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology General Medicine Geriatric Medicine Gynecology Hematology and Oncology HIV Infectious Disease Jokes Laboratory Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Pharmacology Prevention Psychiatry Pulmonology Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Surgery Urology Chapter Cardiovascular Medicine Index Arrhythmia Coronary Artery Disease Congestive Heart Failure EKG Endocrinology Examination Ophthalmology Hypertension Infectious Disease Laboratory General Hyperlipidemia Pulmonology Myocardium Neurology Neonatology Obstetrics Pediatrics Pericardium Pharmacology Prevention Procedure Radiology Sports Medicine Surgery Symptom Evaluation Valvular Disease Vessel Page Arrhythmia Index Approach Death Approach Death SADS AtrialFib AtrialFib Causes AtrialFib Management AtrialFib Pharm Anticoagulation AtrialFib Pharm Cardioversion AtrialFib Pharm Rate Control Bradycardia Bradycardia Sinus Bradycardia AV Block I Bradycardia Sick Sinus Bradycardia Unstable Extrasystole Pulseless Asystole Pulseless Electrical Activity Pulseless VF Pulseless VF Management Adult Pulseless VF Management Child Tachycardia Tachycardia Narrow Sinus

98. Atrial Fibrillation Anticoagulation atrial fibrillation Anticoagulation, Indications CVA Prevention in atrial fibrillation; Preparation for atrial fibrillation Cardioversion http://www.fpnotebook.com/CV6.htm

Home About Links Index ... Editor's Choice document.write(code); Advertisement Cardiovascular Medicine Arrhythmia Assorted Pages Sudden Cardiac Death Sudden Arrhythmia Death Syndrome Atrial Fibrillation Atrial Fibrillation Causes ... Sudden Death in Athletes Atrial Fibrillation Anticoagulation Book Home Page Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Dermatology Emergency Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology General Medicine Geriatric Medicine Gynecology Hematology and Oncology HIV Infectious Disease Jokes Laboratory Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Pharmacology Prevention Psychiatry Pulmonology Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Surgery Urology Chapter Cardiovascular Medicine Index Arrhythmia Coronary Artery Disease Congestive Heart Failure EKG Endocrinology Examination Ophthalmology Hypertension Infectious Disease Laboratory General Hyperlipidemia Pulmonology Myocardium Neurology Neonatology Obstetrics Pediatrics Pericardium Pharmacology Prevention Procedure Radiology Sports Medicine Surgery Symptom Evaluation Valvular Disease Vessel Page Arrhythmia Index Approach Death Approach Death SADS AtrialFib AtrialFib Causes AtrialFib Management AtrialFib Pharm Anticoagulation AtrialFib Pharm Cardioversion AtrialFib Pharm Rate Control Bradycardia Bradycardia Sinus Bradycardia AV Block I Bradycardia Sick Sinus Bradycardia Unstable Extrasystole Pulseless Asystole Pulseless Electrical Activity Pulseless VF Pulseless VF Management Adult Pulseless VF Management Child Tachycardia Tachycardia Narrow Sinus

99. Current Approaches To Atrial Fibrillation Current Approaches to atrial fibrillation. For more information about the Third Annual Conference on the Surgical Treatment of atrial fibrillation, go to http://www.hsforum.com/stories/storyReader$3657

Official Publication of the International Society for Minimally Invasive Cardiothoracic Surgery HSF Topics... Aortic Aneurysms Beating Hrt Surg Flowtometry CABG Cardiac Ablation Congenital Surg Editorials General Card Surg Heart Failure Homo-/Autografts Interven Cardiology On-Pump Bypass Outcomes Robotic Surg Sealants/Hemostats Thoracic Surg Valve Repair Vein Harvesting Ventricular Assist GENERAL CARDIAC SURGERY Home Journal Select Issue... Vol 7 / Issue 2 Vol 7 / Issue 1 Vol 6 / Issue 6 Vol 6 / Issue 5 Vol 6 / Issue 4 Vol 6 / Issue 3 Vol 6 / Supp 1 Vol 6 / Issue 2 Vol 6 / Issue 1 Vol 5 / Issue 4 Vol 5 / Issue 3 Vol 5 / Supp 4 Vol 5 / Supp 3 Vol 5 / Supp 2 Vol 5 / Issue 2 Vol 5 / Supp 1 Vol 5 / Issue 1 Vol 4 / Issue 4 Vol 4 / Issue 3 Vol 4 / Issue 2 Vol 4 / Issue 1 Vol 4 / Supp 1 Vol 3 / Issue 4 Vol 3 / Issue 3 Vol 3 / Issue 2 Vol 3 / Issue 1 Vol 2 / Issue 4 Vol 2 / Issue 3 Vol 2 / Issue 2 Vol 2 / Issue 1 Vol 1 / Issue 2 Vol 1 / Issue 1 Subscribe Search Discussion Forums Read Discussions Join Multimedia Meeting Highlights Lecture Presentations Surgical Video Library Private Lecture Series Resources Heart News Medline Learning Center New Tech Center ... Site Map Sponsors More Sponsors Site News Sign up for our newsletter: Current Approaches to Atrial Fibrillation In this interview, Dr. David C. Kress, Chief of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and a featured speaker at the 2003 STAF conference, discusses current approaches to atrial fibrillation and the importance of transmurality.

100. Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Surgery atrial fibrillation After Coronary Artery Surgery. 18 Apr 2004 Main Outcome Measure Newonset atrial fibrillation after CABG surgery. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/index.php?newsid=7375

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