1. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pulmonary Aspergillosis - Invasive Type Pulmonary aspergillosis invasive type. Alternative names Return to top. Acute invasive aspergillosis; aspergillosis - acute invasive Definition Return to top. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000106.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Pulmonary aspergillosis - invasive type Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Aspergilloma Pulmonary aspergillosis Aspergillosis - chest X-ray Fungus Alternative names Return to top Acute invasive aspergillosis; Aspergillosis - acute invasive Definition Return to top The invasive type of pulmonary aspergillosis is an acute fungal infection of the lungs that produces illness almost exclusively in immunosuppressed or immunodeficient people. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Aspergillosis is caused by a fungus (aspergillus) that is commonly found in the environment. It grows on dead leaves, stored grain, bird droppings, compost piles, or other decaying vegetation. It causes lung disease in three ways: as an allergic reaction in people with asthma; as a fungus ball (aspergilloma) in an old healed lung cavity from previous disease such as tuberculosis or lung abscess , and as an invasive infection with pneumonia that may spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream (invasive aspergillosis). Only the invasive infection is called invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and is much more serious than the other types of aspergillosis. The invasive infection can affect any organ of the body, but especially the heart, lungs, brain, and kidneys. Late in the course of the disease, the nervous system, skin, and other organs may become affected.

2. Aspergillosis Fungal Infection In Birds aspergillosis by Hannis L. Stoddard III, DMV. aspergillosis is the most common fungal infection in birds caused by aspergella fumigates. http://www.multiscope.com/hotspot/aspergil.htm

Aspergillosis by Hannis L. Stoddard III, DMV Aspergillosis is the most common fungal infection in birds caused by aspergella fumigates. Although birds are commonly exposed to the spores of this fungus, they develop the disease only under certain conditions. If a bird's immune system is suppressed by a concurrent illness, malnutrition or stress, it may become sick after exposure. Stress-induced Aspergillosis is frequently seen in birds subjected to surgery, reproduction, environmental changes, capture, confinement or shipping. Aspergella, as well as other fungi, grows readily in damp, dark conditions with poor ventilation. Encrusted fecal matter, damp feed, dirty feeding utensils and food that falls through cage grates all encourage mold growth. Interestingly, we see a high incidence of Aspergillosis in birds in the southwest where the environment is dry and not conducive to fungal replication. The speculation is the low humidity, coupled with the dusty environment, interferes with the normal mucous secretion in the birds' respiratory tracts and predisposes them to mycoses. Two forms of Aspergillosis are commonly seen in Amazons. The first is an acute generalized form characterized by the fungus in the lower respiratory tree as well as in the intestinal tract and other organs. Patients with this form of Aspergillosis exhibit labored respiration, severe depression and extreme emaciation, and are generally very ill. Unfortunately, the mortality rate is exceptionally high in this form. The second form is called a chronic localized form. This is the most common type of infection seen in Amazons. This chronic Aspergillosis tends to develop localized aspergellomas (pockets of fungal infection). The location will determine the clinical signs. A common place for aspergellomas to localize in Amazons is in the sinus cavity, characterized by intermittent mucoid exudation.

3. OI: Aspergillosis -- ÆGIS A comprehensive resource on this fungal infection, from AEGIS. http://www.aegis.com/topics/oi/oi-aspergillosis.html

Aspergillosis This is part of a series on Opportunistic Infections ("OIs"). Please note that This Page Is Just A Starting Point: who specializes in treating HIV. Finding The Latest Information: Advances in treating opportunistic infections can happen at any time, so the material on this page may be outdated. Some links in the see also section at the bottom of this page are actually special database links. They may contain information published after this page was written. Classification Aspergillus is a fungal genus. Description Aspergillus is a fungal genus that is found in soil and decaying plant life. Aspergillosis is somewhat rare with HIV. It is more common in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and in transplant patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Most commonly, aspergillosis affects the lungs and sinus. Symptoms: Aspergillosis, a rare and unusual fungal infection, is found in the lungs and sinuses. Symptoms include cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, facial pain, fever, and night sweat ( BALA Danger Zone CD4+ counts less than 100 cells/mm Although the mould tends to cause infections and complications in people with less than 100 CD4+ cells, cases have occurred in people with CD4+ cell counts greater. Among people with AIDS, there are a number of reports of people first having bacterial pneumonia or PCP followed by aspergillosis. It may be that these other infections weaken or damage the lungs and make it easier for the mould to infect and spread there (in the lungs). (

4. The Aspergillus Website Provides information on medically important Aspergilli and includes treatment information, DNA sequence data, laboratory protocols, a comprehensive bibliographic database, discussion groups and conference information. http://www.aspergillus.man.ac.uk/

5. This Page Has Been Replaced Information from the Center for Disease Control. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/hip/pneumonia/1_asper.htm

Main Topics About DHQP Antimicrobial Resistance Bloodborne Pathogens ... Training The 1994 Pneumonia Guideline has been replaced by the Guidelines for Preventing Health-Care-Associated Pneumonia, 2003 Please update any links or bookmarks you may have. DHQP Home DHQP Index NCID Home CDC Home ... CDC Health Topics A-Z This page last reviewed March 25, 2004 This page developed and maintained by: Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion National Center for Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Privacy Policy ... Accessibility

6. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Aspergillosis aspergillosis. Definition Return to top. aspergillosis is an infection, a growth, or an allergic response caused by the Aspergillus fungus. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001326.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Aspergillosis Contents of this page: Illustrations Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors Symptoms ... Prevention Illustrations Aspergilloma Pulmonary aspergillosis Aspergillosis - chest X-ray Definition Return to top Aspergillosis is an infection, a growth, or an allergic response caused by the Aspergillus fungus. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Aspergillosis is caused by a fungus ( Aspergillus ), which is commonly found growing on dead leaves, stored grain, compost piles, or in other decaying vegetation. It causes illness in three ways: as an allergic reaction in people with asthma Pulmonary aspergillosis - allergic bronchopulmonary type ); as a colonization and growth in an old healed lung cavity from previous disease (such as tuberculosis or lung abscess ) where it produces a fungus ball called aspergilloma ; and as an invasive infection with pneumonia that is spread to other parts of the body by the bloodstream ( Pulmonary aspergillosis - invasive type The invasive infection can affect the eye, causing

7. ASK THE VET (Aspergillosis/Part I) here with permission. aspergillosis is the most frequently occurring fungal infection in birds have been in captivity. aspergillosis spores are widespread in the environment and http://www.theaviary.com/s1295-60.shtml

Companion (Pet) Birds Main Page Articles Aviary Shop Area ... Forum Search The Aviary Search this site powered by FreeFind NEWSLETTER Join the Aviary-list our newsletter! Sign up now for twice-a-month tips, advice and more! Forum Talk ASK THE VET (Aspergillosis/Part I) by Linda Pesek, DVM Westbury Animal Hospital 319 Union Avenue Westbury, NY This article first appeared in SQUAWK, the newsletter of the Big Apple Bird Association, and appears here with permission. Aspergillosis is the most frequently occurring fungal infection in birds. It occurs in acute and chronic forms. The acute form primarily occurs in young birds and newly imported birds and is the result of exposure to a large number of spores. The chronic form is more likely to occur in older birds that have been in captivity. Aspergillosis spores are widespread in the environment and many birds may carry them in their lungs and air sacks until immunosuppression or stress triggers clinical disease. Aspergillosis has been diagnosed in a variety of captive and free-living species of birds. It is characteristically a disease of captivity and close confinement, particularly when birds are kept in an unclean environment. Aspergillosis is most commonly caused by A. fumigatus, although A. flavus, A. niger, A. nidulans, and A. terreus may cause the disease as well. The fungus is ubiquitous in the environment and flourishes in rotting vegetation and decaying organic material. The disease is contracted as the result of inhalation of spores. It may also be contracted by oral ingestion, especially if birds are fed moldy seed. The fungus is also capable of penetrating broken skin and egg shells, and so is able to infect a developing embryo.

8. ASK THE VET (ASPERGILLOSIS - PART II Diagnosis Of Aspergillosis) appears here with permission. aspergillosis is the most frequently occurring fungal infection in birds Diagnosis of aspergillosis can be difficult. A tentative diagnosis may be made http://www.theaviary.com/s1295-61.shtml

Companion (Pet) Birds Main Page Articles Aviary Shop Area ... Forum Search The Aviary Search this site powered by FreeFind NEWSLETTER Join the Aviary-list our newsletter! Sign up now for twice-a-month tips, advice and more! Forum Talk ASK THE VET (ASPERGILLOSIS - PART II Diagnosis of Aspergillosis) by Linda Pesek, DVM Westbury Animal Hospital 319 Union Avenue Westbury, NY This article first appeared in SQUAWK, the newsletter of the Big Apple Bird Association, and appears here with permission. Aspergillosis is the most frequently occurring fungal infection in birds. All species are susceptible. It may be contracted as the result of inhalation of fungal spores or oral ingestion, especially if birds are fed moldy food or housed on contaminated bedding.Immunocompromised and malnourished birds are most susceptible to the disease. Diagnosis of aspergillosis can be difficult. A tentative diagnosis may be made of the basis of physical findings, a history of environmental conditions suitable for fungal growth, and recent stress. A hemogram may show a significant leukocytosis (elevated white blood cell count) with a heterophilia early in the disease. As the disease becomes more chronic, a monocytosis, lymphopenia, and non-regenerative anemia develop. An increase in total blood protein with a hyperglobulinemia may develop. Deep tracheal cytology and culture may be performed under anesthesia. A positive culture will usually be present in 18 hours. A single colony growth is considered significant.

9. Aspergillosis Aspergillus fungal infection in parrots and other birds. a variety of related fungi which cause aspergillosis. An important member of this generally responsible for the disease known as aspergillosis. Aspergillus species are common http://www.avianbiotech.com/diseases/Aspergillosis.htm

Search: search tips sitemap Let us help you buy, sell or trade your next bird. or LOGON Here Are You in the Dark about candling? "Buddy" The worlds first digital egg monitor now available at Avian Biotech. -Select- Avian Disease Center Aspergillosis Avian Influenzavirus Avian Tuberculosis Candida Chlamydia Clostridium Cryptosporidium Escherichia (E. coli) Giardia Newcastle Disease Pacheco's PBFD Polyoma Disease Salmonella West Nile Virus Aspergillosis Description: Aspergillus - The genus Aspergillus includes a variety of related fungi which cause aspergillosis. An important member of this genera is Aspergillus fumigatus. This fungus produces endotoxins which are generally responsible for the disease known as aspergillosis. Aspergillus species are common in the environment. Spores often become airborne in dry windy weather spreading from one location to another. Spores can enter an individual and develop in the respiratory system, lungs, eyes, and ears.

10. Aspergillosis Medical parrot articles. aspergillosis. by Dr. David Phalen. A few brief comments on aspergillus occur in birds that are from environments where aspergillosis does not grow well (cool and dry http://www.plannedparrothood.com/articles/aspergillosis.html

ASPERGILLOSIS by Dr. David Phalen A few brief comments on aspergillus. This is a disease that is most likely to occur in birds that are from environments where aspergillosis does not grow well (cool and dry or hot and dry environments). For some reason these birds have a poor ability to fight off this organism. Examples of these birds include sea ducks, ostriches, and penguins. The other predisposing factor is the density of spores. In buildings that are poorly ventillated spore density will increase. Less commonly we see individual animals come down with asper, even though they would not be considered at risk birds. Successful treatment for asper depends on many factors. The location of the infection (nasal passages, trachea, airsacs, lungs), the extent of the disease by the time that it is recognized, and the immune status of the bird that has the infection all are critical factors. Asper grows like mold on bread inside the bird forming colonies on the respiratory surfaces. This elicits a response from the host that causes purulent material to build up around the colonies. The fungus is invasive and in advanced infections will invade into tissues and eventually into a blood vessel. Once a blood vessel is invaded the organism will spread to other organs and block blood vessels. The tissues whose vessels are blocked die. At this point treatment is not likely to be successful. Treatment is also complicated by the fact that asper grows on the surface of airsacs where the blood supply is poor and lots of caseous material builds up in these areas. Therefore, it is difficult to get drugs directly to these locations.

11. DBMD - Aspergillosis - Technical Information aspergillosis. Clinical Features, In immunosuppressed hosts invasive pulmonary infection, usually with fever, cough, and chest pain. http://www.cdc.gov/node.do/id/0900f3ec80006adf

Aspergillosis Clinical Features In immunosuppressed hosts: invasive pulmonary infection, usually with fever, cough, and chest pain. May disseminate to other organs, including brain, skin and bone. In immunocompetent hosts: localized pulmonary infection in persons with underlying lung disease. Also causes allergic sinusitis and allergic bronchopulmonary disease. Etiologic Agent Aspergillus fumigatus A. flavus . Less commonly A. terreus, A. nidulans, A. niger Reservoir Ubiquitous in the environment. Found in soil, decomposing plant matter, household dust, building materials, ornamental plants, items of food, and water. Incidence Not reportable. Population-based data available for San Francisco suggest a rate of 1-2 per 100,000 per year. Sequelae If severe granulocytopenia persists, mortality rate can be very high (up to 100% in patients with cerebral abscesses). Patient outcome depends on resolution of granulocytopenia and early institution of effective antifungal drug therapy.

12. DBMD - Aspergillosis - Technical Information aspergillosis. Clinical Features. In immunosuppressed hosts invasive pulmonary infection, usually with fever, cough, and chest pain. May disseminate to other organs, including brain, skin and bone. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/aspergillosis_t.htm

Aspergillosis Clinical Features In immunosuppressed hosts: invasive pulmonary infection, usually with fever, cough, and chest pain. May disseminate to other organs, including brain, skin and bone. In immunocompetent hosts: localized pulmonary infection in persons with underlying lung disease. Also causes allergic sinusitis and allergic bronchopulmonary disease. Etiologic Agent Aspergillus fumigatus A. flavus . Less commonly A. terreus, A. nidulans, A. niger Reservoir Ubiquitous in the environment. Found in soil, decomposing plant matter, household dust, building materials, ornamental plants, items of food, and water. Incidence Not reportable. Population-based data available for San Francisco suggest a rate of 1-2 per 100,000 per year. Sequelae If severe granulocytopenia persists, mortality rate can be very high (up to 100% in patients with cerebral abscesses). Patient outcome depends on resolution of granulocytopenia and early institution of effective antifungal drug therapy.

13. Aspergillus/Aspergillosis Website Aspergillus. What diseases does Aspergillus cause? Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). This Invasive aspergillosis. Many people http://www.aspergillus.man.ac.uk/languages/faq.htm

Aspergillus Diseases E-mail Discussion Group Frequently Asked Questions Click here to find out some good things about Aspergillus What is Aspergillus What diseases does Aspergillus ... How can someone get onto a drug trial? compiled by Emma Prebble , October 1999. What is Aspergillus The term Aspergillus refers to a group of mould fungi which are found world-wide and are especially known for decaying fruit and vegetables. They are very common in the autumn and winter in the Northern hemisphere. Only a few of these moulds can cause illness in humans and animals, most commonly these are Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillus niger Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus flavus . Most people are naturally immune and do not develop disease caused by Aspergillus What diseases does Aspergillus cause? Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) This is a condition which produces an allergy to the spores of the aspergillus moulds. It is quite common in asthmatics; up to 20% of asthmatics might get this at some time during their lives. ABPA is also common in cystic fibrosis patients, as they reach adolescence and adulthood. The symptoms are similar to those of asthma: intermittent episodes of feeling unwell, coughing and wheezing. Some patients cough up brown-coloured plugs of mucus. The diagnosis can be made by X-ray or by sputum, skin and blood tests. In the long term ABPA can lead to permanent lung damage (fibrosis) if untreated. The treatment is with steroids by aerosol or mouth (prednisolone), especially during attacks. Itraconazole (an oral antifungal drug) is useful in reducing the amount of steroids required in those needing medium or high doses. This is beneficial as steroids have side-effects like thinning of the bones (osteoporosis) and skin and weight gain, especially when used for a long time.

14. Aspergillosis aspergillosis is a large spectrum of diseases, including bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, invasive aspergillosis and pulmonary aspergilloma. 1This is the most common site of primary invasive aspergillosis. Prognosis and therapy indepth look into all aspects of invasive aspergillosis. Prognosis depends upon the type and http://www.doctorfungus.com/mycoses/human/aspergillus/aspergillosis.htm

Mycoses Introduction Human Veterinary Environmental Industrial Agricultural The Fungi Introduction Descriptions Synonyms Image Bank Lecture Bank Video Bank Drugs Introduction Medical Veterinary Environmental Industrial Agricultural Laboratory Introduction Susceptibility MIC Database Procedures Histopathology Tools Introduction Abbreviations Links CME Conference Highlights Bibliography Glossary Good Books Events Calendar About Us Introduction Our Mission Editorial Board Editorial Staff Supporters Contributors Developers Legal Stuff This page updated: 1/7/2004 10:33:01 AM Site built and designed for doctorfungus by Webillustrated You are here: Mycoses Introduction Human Veterinary Environmental Industrial Agricultural Navigate this section from here: Select a Fungal Infection Aspergillosis Blastomycosis Candidiasis: General Overview Candidiasis: Invasive Forms Overview - Arthritis - Asymptomatic Colonization - Biliary - Candidemia - Candidemia and Catheters - Cardiac - CNS: General - CNS: Neurosurgery-related - Chronic Candidiasis - Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis - Cutaneous - Empirical Therapy: Neonates - Empirical Therapy: Neutropenic - Empirical Therapy: Non-Neutropenic - Endophthalmitis - Esophagitis - Four Forms of Invasive Candidiasis - Hepatosplenic - Neonatal - Onychomycosis (Nail infections) - Oropharyngeal - Osteomyelitis - Pancreatic - Peritonitis - Peritonitis: Dialysis-related - Peritonitis: Gut injury-related - Pneumonia - Urinary: General - Urinary: Asymptomatic funguria - Urinary: Fungus balls - Vulvovaginitis Coccidioidomycosis Cryptococcosis - CNS Cryptococcosis

15. Aspergillosis aspergillosis is a large spectrum of diseases, including bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, invasive aspergillosis and pulmonary aspergilloma. http://www.doctorfungus.org/mycoses/human/aspergillus/aspergillosis.htm

Mycoses Introduction Human Veterinary Environmental Industrial Agricultural The Fungi Introduction Descriptions Synonyms Image Bank Lecture Bank Video Bank Drugs Introduction Medical Veterinary Environmental Industrial Agricultural Laboratory Introduction Susceptibility MIC Database Procedures Histopathology Tools Introduction Abbreviations Links CME Conference Highlights Bibliography Glossary Good Books Events Calendar About Us Introduction Our Mission Editorial Board Editorial Staff Supporters Contributors Developers Legal Stuff This page updated: 1/7/2004 10:33:01 AM Site built and designed for doctorfungus by Webillustrated You are here: Mycoses Introduction Human Veterinary Environmental Industrial Agricultural Navigate this section from here: Select a Fungal Infection Aspergillosis Blastomycosis Candidiasis: General Overview Candidiasis: Invasive Forms Overview - Arthritis - Asymptomatic Colonization - Biliary - Candidemia - Candidemia and Catheters - Cardiac - CNS: General - CNS: Neurosurgery-related - Chronic Candidiasis - Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis - Cutaneous - Empirical Therapy: Neonates - Empirical Therapy: Neutropenic - Empirical Therapy: Non-Neutropenic - Endophthalmitis - Esophagitis - Four Forms of Invasive Candidiasis - Hepatosplenic - Neonatal - Onychomycosis (Nail infections) - Oropharyngeal - Osteomyelitis - Pancreatic - Peritonitis - Peritonitis: Dialysis-related - Peritonitis: Gut injury-related - Pneumonia - Urinary: General - Urinary: Asymptomatic funguria - Urinary: Fungus balls - Vulvovaginitis Coccidioidomycosis Cryptococcosis - CNS Cryptococcosis

16. Aspergillosis: Respiratory Disease, Aspergillus Fungus - Lung Disorders aspergillosis. What is aspergillosis? aspergillosis type). What are the Symptoms of aspergillosis? Symptoms of allergic aspergillosis http://www.medicalconsumerguide.com/primary_care/lung_disorders/aspergillosis.ht

Medical Consumer Information, Articles, Products and Services MEDICAL CONSUMER GUIDE Primary Care Elective Care Dental Vision ... MCG - HOME PAGE Select Specialty :Breast Implants :Chiropractics :Cosmetic/Plastic Surgery :Facial Plastic Surgery :Fertility/Infertility :Hair Loss Treatment :LASIK Vision Correction :General :Cosmetic Dentists :Dental Implants :Laser Dentists :Orthodontists :Pediatric Dentists :Allergy/Immunology :Anesthesiology :Cardiology :Dermatology :Endocrinology :Emergency Medicine :Family Practice :Gastroenterology :General Surgery :Genetics :Geriatrics :Hematology :Internal Medicine :Nephrology :Neurology :Oncology :Ophthalmology :Orthopedics :Pediatrics :Podiatry :Psychiatry :Psychology :Pulmonology :Radiology :Urology ASPERGILLOSIS What is Aspergillosis? Aspergillosis is either an infection, a growth, or an allergic response due to the Aspergillus fungus. Aspergillosis is caused by a fungus (Aspergillus), which is found commonly growing on dead leaves, stored grain, compost piles, or other decaying vegetation.

17. Advances Against Aspergillosis Conference Online Registration is NOW Available. Deadline for submission of abstracts has been extended to July 15, 2004. http://www.advancesagainstaspergillosis.org/index.php

Online Registration is NOW Available Deadline for submission of abstracts has been extended to July 15, 2004 Online Registration is NOW Available Deadline for submission of abstracts has been extended to July 15, 2004

18. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 13, Ch. 158, Systemic Fungal Diseases BR aspergillosis. Extrapulmonary disseminated aspergillosis may involve the liver, kidneys, brain, or other tissues and is usually fatal. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section13/chapter158/158i.jsp

19. THE MERCK MANUALSECOND HOME EDITION, Aspergillosis In Ch. 197 aspergillosis. aspergillosis is infection caused by the fungus Aspergillus that usually affects the lungs. Aspergillus is very common http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual_home2/sec17/ch197/ch197b.jsp

20. Aspergillosis And Jardine's Return to the Jardine Home Page. Return to the Jardine Parrot page on the APS Web. aspergillosis JARDINE S PARROTS. by. aspergillosis AND TREATMENT. http://www.wingscc.com/jardine/aspergillosis.htm

Return to the Jardine Home Page Return to the Jardine Parrot page on the APS Web by Virginia Caputo Credit also goes to Wendy Taylor, Carol Palmore, Dianne Heins, and other members of the Jardine's Parrot list for assistance in research, editing, and suggestions for the list of links. Appreciation and thanks are given to Dr. Rose Anne Fiskett of the Potomac Valley Veterinary Hospital for taking the time to answer questions about aspergillosis. Thirteen Jardine's parrots belonging to members of the Jardine's mailing list have died in the last 3 years due to aspergillosis. Two Jardine's survived the illness. Three Jardine's which were not suffering from aspergillosis died of other causes. The number of people belonging to the Jardine's mailing list is currently 142 but has ranged as high as 165. Jardine's that died from aspergillosis belonged to 10 of them. 6-7% of the Jardine's listmembers have lost a Jardine's parrot due to aspergillosis. 7-8% have had a Jardine's that suffered from aspergillosis. The numbers seem surprisingly high. They are high enough to have alarmed listmembers who own Jardine's parrots and to have caused considerable speculation on the list as to whether Jardine's parrots are more susceptible to aspergillosis than other species of parrots. This article and a survey which is still in the planning stages are the result of that speculation. This is written with the goal of informing all who live with Jardine's about aspergillosis: its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and methods of prevention, especially prevention.

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