81. Valvular_Heart_Disease_Overview - HeartCenterOnline For Patients: Heart Health E s 2003 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update, valvular heart disease is responsible The majority of these cases involve disorders of the aortic valve (63 percent http://www.heartcenteronline.com/myheartdr/common/articles.cfm?ARTID=187

82. Times Online - Health Despite the reduction in rheumatic fever in the past 60 years, degenerative valve disease such as aortic stenosis is just as common now as our patients live http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,9123-875404,00.html

83. Heart Valve Disease-Causes, How Damaged? Rheumatic fever this disease occurs after a strep bacterial infection, such as Aging some valves, like the aortic valve, become hardened and calcified with http://www.deborah.org/consumer/clubs/zipper/hv.html

What Causes Heart Valve Disease? Heart Valves become damaged for a variety of reasons: Congenital: when valves are developing in the unborn child, they sometimes do not form properly. A deformed valve can result, especially the pulmonary valve. Rheumatic fever: this disease occurs after a strep bacterial infection, such as strep throat. Protein antibodies form in the blood and damage the heart valve. Infection: some bacteria can infect the heart valves and quickly cause severe damage. Aging: some valves, like the aortic valve, become hardened and calcified with age. It is not know why this occurs, or why it seems to prefer the aortic valve. Valves of the Heart Heart valves are flap-like leaflets that swing open allowing blood to flow by and then snap closed. This action assures blood flows in only one direction. There are four important valves in the heart. Aortic Valve: separates the left ventricle from the aorta (the main artery to the body) Mitral Valve: separates the left atrium from the left ventricle Tricuspid Valve: separates the right atrium from the right ventricle Pulmonary Valve: separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery Support Groups The Zapper Club The Zipper Club Coronary Artery Disease ... Link Directory How are Heart Valves Damaged?

84. Congenital Cardiovascular Defects Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary (PTCA) aortic Regurgitation Arrhythmias Mitral valve and Mitral valve Prolapse Open Pregnancy and Heart disease Tests To http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4565

85. Aortic Valve Stenosis Prognosis. The prognosis for aortic valve stenosis depends on the severity of the disease. With surgical repair, the disease is curable. http://www.ehendrick.org/healthy/000136.htm

MAIN SEARCH INDEX Aortic valve stenosis Definition Description Diagnosis Treatment ... Resources Definition When aortic valve stenosis occurs, the aortic valve, located between the aorta and left ventricle of the heart, is narrower than normal size. Description A normal aortic valve, when open, allows the free flow of blood from the left ventricle to the aorta. When the valve narrows, as it does with stenosis, blood flow is impeded. Because it is more difficult for blood to flow through the valve, there is increased strain on the heart. This can cause the left ventricle to enlarge and malfunction, resulting in reduced blood supply to the heart muscle and body, as well as fluid build up in the lungs. Cause and symptoms Aortic valve stenosis can occur because of a birth defect in the formation of the valve. Calcium deposits may form on the valve with aging , causing the valve to become stiff and narrow. Stenosis can also occur as a result of rheumatic fever . Mild aortic stenosis may produce no symptoms at all. The most common symptoms, depending on the severity of the disease, are chest pain , blackouts, and difficulty breathing.

86. [Title Of Article] as a choice to replace a diseased aortic valve, in view native valve, the homograft is the valve of choice reasons (eg active peptic ulcer disease, severe high http://heartdisease.about.com/library/weekly/aa061597.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Heart Disease / Cardiology Home Essentials ... BEWARE: Medical Offers are Ads zau(256,152,180,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Dealing With Heart Disease Reducing Cardiac Risk Cholesterol, triglycerides Heart Healthy Diet ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Heart Disease / Cardiology newsletter. zau(256,152,100,'hs','http://z.about.com/5/ad/hs.htm?zIhsid=00',''); Search Heart Disease / Cardiology Most Recent Articles... - Can Statins Halt Coronary Artery Disease? Atorvastatin appears to stop plaque growth - Managing Your Health Plan Part 4 of the series: Getting What You Need From the Health Care System - What's the Deal With the New Plaque Shrinker? Synthetic HDL shrinks coronary artery plaques - Managing Your Health Plan Part 3 of the series: Getting What You Need From the Health Care System - Managing Your Doctor Part 2 of the series: Getting What You Need From the Health Care System - Are Cox-2 Inhibitors Safe?

87. Management Of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease Guidelines With Valvular Heart disease B. Diagnosis of Coronary Artery disease C. Treatment of Coronary Artery disease at the Time of aortic valve Replacement D. aortic http://www.acc.org/clinical/guidelines/valvular/dirindex.htm

var showMenu="ExpandMain:clinical;"; // document.modified = "Tuesday March 12, 2002"; document.modified = "03/12/2002"; Table of Contents Print a PDF References BONOW ET AL., ACC/AHA TASK FORCE REPORT JACC Vol. 32, No. 5, November 1998:1486-1588 ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease) COMMITTEE MEMBERS Robert O. Bonow, MD, FACC, Chair , Blase Carabello, MD, FACC, Antonio C. De Leon, Jr., MD, FACC, L. Henry Edmunds, Jr., MD, FACC, Bradley J. Fedderly, MD, FAAFP, Michael D. Freed, MD, FACC, William H. Gaasch, MD, FACC, Charles R. Mckay, MD, FACC, Rick A. Nishimura, MD, FACC, Patrick T. O'Gara, MD, FACC, Robert A. O'Rourke, MD, FACC, Shahbudin H. Rahimtoola, MD, FACC TASK FORCE MEMBERS James L. Ritchie, MD, FACC

88. Heart Valves, Heart Valve Disease, And Heart Valve Surgery Following uncomplicated valve surgery, a patient will stay in valvular repair and replacement, aortic and left risk patients with multiple disease comorbidities http://www.texheartsurgeons.com/Valves.htm

Heart Valve Diseases and Heart Valve Surgery Heart valves have key roles in regulating blood flow through the heart, opening and closing in sequence with each heartbeat. These valves act like one-way doors, allowing blood to flow either forward into the next chamber, or out of the heart via one of two main blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. The valves close to prevent back flow. Heart Valve Functions On the right side of the heart, blood flows through the tricuspid valve, which lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle. On the left side of the heart, the mitral valve controls the blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle. The pulmonary valve controls flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery , which carries blood to the lungs for oxygenation. On the left side, the aortic valve opens the way for oxygenated blood to pass from the left ventricle into the aorta , the body?s largest artery. Causes of Heart Valve Malfunction Heart valves may become impaired for a variety of reasons. Rheumatic fever, the most common cause of valve malfunction, causes a valve to stiffen over time. This limits the ability of the valve to open and close properly. Some people are born with heart valve abnormalities, which may be corrected at birth or later in life. Other people may acquire valve damage from infection (as with bacterial endocarditis) or other diseases. The results are a tight, rigid valve limiting forward blood flow (called a stenotic valve ), or a valve which does not close properly, permitting back flow (called a

89. Aortic Valve Regurgitation: Overview The popular diet drug fenphen was withdrawn from the US market in 1997 because of its link to heart valve disease, including aortic valve regurgitation. http://www.meritcare.com/hwdb/showTopic.asp?pd_hwid=hw179694

90. Aortic Stenosis There may be a history of other valve diseases, coronary artery disease , or heart murmur. aortic stenosis occurs in approximately 5 out of every 10,000 people http://lebonheur.adam.com/pages/content.asp?genId=000178&proj=1&lang=en

91. Heart Disease Articles From Heart Disease Online 06/01/97, aortic Stenosis Treatment Strategies Management options for this disease causing narrowing of the aortic valve are detailed. http://www.heartdiseaseonline.com/article/valve.shtml

Heart Disease information EVEN your child can understand ! LEARN articles links news ... dr.mani Join A CHAIN OF LOVE today Tell a Friend ASK DOC TAKE POLL VOLUNTEER ... articles VALVE Heart Disease Articles By Dr.Mani Have a question ? Click here to Ask Dr.Mani Make Your Site Sell This will be the MOST significant download of your business life ! Click For More Info What do you call a * tiny book? a BOOKLET * mini-drop? a DROPLET * small pig? a PIGLET So what's a short QUIZ Right ! A QUIZLET We made one for YOU Click Here to take a QUIZLET Click on the Target "The Affiliate Masters" course - a FREE intensive 5-Day e-mail course that'll make you a high-earning affiliate champion. HEART VALVE DISEASE Pulmonary Autograft (Ross Operation) for Aortic Stenosis Using the patient's own pulmonary valve to replace a diseased aortic valve combines advantages of a homograft with the benefits of using autologous tissue. Homograft Valve replacement for Aortic Stenosis A homograft to replace a narrow aortic valve may be the best alternative to a native valve. Valve Repair and Replacement as treatment for Aortic Stenosis Repairing or replacing the diseased aortic valve with an artificial prosthesis are discussed in this article.

92. Heart Valve Disease - Inova Heart Services The aortic valve is located at the junction of the left ventricle and the origin of the ascending aorta. What is heart valve disease? http://www.inova.org/inovapublic.srt/heart/heart_disease/heart_valves.html

document.write(this_date_string) My Health Add to Favorites Find a Doctor Email this Page ... Prevention/Wellness About Heart Valves and Heart Valve Disease What is a heart valve? The heart has four heart valves: the tricuspid, mitral, pulmonic and aortic valves. Healthy heart valves provide a one-way gate that allows blood to flow only in the desired direction. Each valve opens and closes with every heartbeat. Valves are comprised of thin, strong tissue attached to the heart muscle by a flexible hinge, called an annulus. The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle and is composed of three leaflets. In addition to the leaflets, this valve is comprised of relatively undefined valve "ring" (or annulus) that connects the leaflets to the heart, and muscular "chords" that connect the valve leaflets to the heart muscle. The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and is composed of two leaflets. In addition to the leaflets, this valve is comprised of a valve "ring" (or annulus) that connects the leaflets to the heart, muscular "chords" that connect the valve leaflets to the heart muscle.

93. Valvular Insufficiency/Heart Valve Defects: Online Reference For Health Concerns Preventing or curbing the progression of aorticvalve disease may involve lowering homocysteine, fibrinogen, and apolipoproteins A, B, and E in the blood. http://www.lef.org/protocols/prtcl-108.shtml

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94. Valve Disease PV Loops Cardiac valve disease significantly alters ventricular pressure and volume relationships during the mechanism and a fall in cardiac output and aortic pressure. http://www.oucom.ohiou.edu/CVPhysiology/HD009.htm

Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts Richard E. Klabunde, Ph.D. Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loop Changes in Valve Disease Cardiac valve disease significantly alters ventricular pressure and volume relationships during the cardiac cycle. A convenient way to analyze cardiac pressure and volume changes is by using ventricular pressure-volume loops . The following describes pressure-volume changes that occur during: Mitral stenosis Aortic stenosis Mitral regurgitation Aortic regurgitation Mitral Stenosis Mitral stenosis impairs left ventricular filling so that there is a decrease in end-diastolic volume ( preload ). This leads to a decrease in stroke volume by the Frank-Starling mechanism and a fall in cardiac output and aortic pressure. This reduction in afterload (particularly aortic diastolic pressure) enables the end-systolic volume to decrease slightly, but not enough to overcome the decline in end-diastolic volume. These changes just described do not include cardiac and systemic compensatory mechanisms that attempt to maintain cardiac output and arterial pressure. These compensatory responses include, but are not limited to systemic vasoconstriction, increased blood volume, and increased heart rate and inotropy. Aortic Stenosis In aortic stenosis, left ventricular emptying is impaired because of high outflow resistance. The stenosis leads to an increase in ventricular

95. Heart Valve Disease What causes heart valve disease? Narrowed valves These may be due to congenital abnormality; degeneration through atherosclerosis (aortic stenosis only); http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/diseases/facts/heartvalvedisease.htm

NetDoctor.co.uk Home News and features News Newsletter Features Encyclopaedia Diseases Examinations Medicines Premium services SMS services StayQuit thediet Health centres Allergy and asthma Children's health Depression Eczema ... All health centres Discussion and support Discussion forums Support groups Services Ask the doctor Find a hospital Search Medline Test yourself Information About NetDoctor Commercial opportunities NetDoctor.com Heart valve disease Dr Neal Uren , consultant cardiologist Dr Patrick Davey , cardiologist What is heart valve disease? The heart has two halves, a left and a right, each with two chambers - the atrium and the ventricle. Between the chambers are the heart valves which ensure the blood runs only in one direction. There are also heart valves situated between the ventricles and the major arteries - the aorta and pulmonary artery - where they have the same function. The valve (A) ensures that the blood does not flow back into the heart from the arterial side (B) when the heart is relaxing and filing with blood from the venous side (C). Failure in a valve in the left side of the heart - the aortic or the mitral valve - results in left-sided heart failure . This leads to an accumulation of fluids in the lungs, or pulmonary oedema.

96. U-M CVC - Heart Valve Diseases aorta into the heart. aortic valve Replacement valves are replaced because they rarely can be repaired. Three types of replacement http://www.med.umich.edu/cvc/adult/dishea1.htm

The aortic valve is located between the left Pumping chamber (ventricle) and the aorta. This valve allows blood to flow from the heart to the body and leaflets which open and close with inability to close or open are the two major problems with this valve. To compensate for aortic stenosis (restricted opening), the heart has to squeeze harder to support normal blood flow, causing the heart muscle to enlarge Eventually, as the stenosis increases, the heart begins to fail. Symptoms of aortic Stenosis are shortness of breath, fainting episodes due to a lack of blood flow to the brain, chest pain due to lack of blood flow to collapse due to irregular heart rhythms that occurs when the aortic valve does not completely close and blood flows back from the aorta into the heart. Aortic Valve Replacement Valves are replaced because they rarely can be repaired. Three types of replacement valves are available: mechanical, bioprosthetic and human Mechanical valves, which normally last a lifetime, are synthetic and made of plastic, cloth, and metal. The moving parts are coated to help prevent the formation of a blood clot on the valve However blood thinners (Coumadin) must be used. Stroke or bleeding problems may occur with mechanical valves, so strict follow-up with your local physician is needed to regulate your blood thinning medication.

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