1. CTSN -Aortic Valve Disease Comments to John Doty. aortic valve disease. Click on hyperlinked text for illustrations LV to Ao gradient greater than 50 mmHg or aortic valve area less than 1.2 cm2/M2 http://www.ctsnet.org/residents/ctsn/archives/not42.html

Last revised 10/4/96 http://www.ctsnet.org/residents/ctsn/ Comments to John Doty

2. Aortic Valve Disease A look at stenosis and regurgitation of this valve. http://www.ps4ross.com/ross/back/avd.html

3. Aortic Valve Disease: aortic valve disease Aortic Stenosis The causes of aortic stenosis can ary widely with age and are sumarised as follows Infants children and adolescents. http://www.bms.ed.ac.uk/services/webspace/ssm/thoraxaortic.htm

Aortic Valve Disease: Aortic Stenosis: The causes of aortic stenosis can ary widely with age and are sumarised as follows: Infants children and adolescents Young adults to middle-aged Middle-aged to elderly -congential aortic stenosis -calcification and fibrosis of congenitally biscupid aortic valve -senile degenerative aortic stenosis -congential subvalvular aortic stenosis -rheumatic aortic stenosis -calcification of bicuspid valve -congenital supravalvular aortic stenois -rheumatic aortic stenosis Aortic stenosis is a slow develping chronic condition, except in the congenital conditions, and cardiac output is well maintained by steadily increasng the pressure gradient across the aortic valve. The left ventricle will begin the undergo hypertrophy, thereby limiting coronary perfusion subsequently causing angina even in the absence of concomitant cardiac disease. Due to the fixed outflow there is a limit in exercise tolerance and effort-related hyoptension and syncope may occur. Eventually the left ventricle can no longer overcome the outflow obstruction and pulmonary oedema ensues. Usually patients with aortic stenosis they remain asymptomatic for many years and then deterioate rapidly when symptoms develop. Death usually occurs withing 3-5 years of onset of symptoms. Clinical Features: Symptoms Signs -mild or moderate aortic stenosis -ejection systolic murmur -exertional dyspnoea -slow-rising carotid pulse -angina -narrow pulse pressure

4. Circulation -- Nishimura 106 (7): 770 and treat diseases of the aorticvalve. Untreated aortic valve disease can eventually resultin heart failure avoid the severe consequencesof improper function of the aortic valve. http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/106/7/770

PDF Version of this Article Email this article to a friend Similar articles found in: Circulation Online PubMed PubMed Citation Search PubMed for articles by: Nishimura, R. A. Alert me when: new articles cite this article Download to Citation Manager Collections under which this article appears: Valvular heart disease Circulation. Cardiology Patient Page Aortic Valve Disease Rick A. Nishimura, MD From the Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minn. Correspondence to Rick A. Nishimura, MD, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, 200 First St, SW, Rochester, MN 55905. E-mail rnishimura@ mayo.edu It is important to diagnose and treat diseases of the aortic valve. Untreated aortic valve disease can eventually result in heart failure, severe infection, and even sudden death. Some patients present with severe symptoms, whereas others have few, if any symptoms. The diagnosis may be made on a routine physical examination. Regular medical follow-up, treatment to prevent infection of the valve (infective endocarditis), and optimal timing of surgery are necessary to avoid the severe consequences of improper function of the aortic valve.

5. Pediatric Cardiology: Aortic Valve Disease aortic valve disease. Chest Radiograph Aortic stenosis, angiogram. Aortic stenosis, infant Aortic stenosis (pulse Doppler) Aortic valve, normal (pssa) Bicuspid aortic valve 1 (pssa http://www.kumc.edu/kumcpeds/cardiology/aorticvalvedfct.html

Aortic Valve Disease Chest Radiograph: Aortic stenosis, angiogram Aortic stenosis, infant Aortic stenosis, supravalve, angiogram Aortic stenosis, supravalve, renal arteries, angiogram Diagrams: Aortic Valve Stenosis Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis Auscultation areas ... Cardiac cycle Echocardiogram (video): Normal heart, aortic arch Normal heart, branch pulmonary arteries Normal heart, long axis, (with labeled frame) Normal heart, long axis #2 ... Subaortic stenosis Echocardiogram (still frame): M-mode, left ventricle, normal M-mode values 4 chamber view, normal (4c) 4 chamber view 1, normal (4c invert) ... Echo diagram, suprasternal notch Electrocardiogram: Aortic stenosis, #1, child Aortic stenosis, #2, child Normal, #1, child Normal, #2, child ... Return to the defect index page

6. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 16, Ch. 207, Valvular Heart Disease Mitral Valve Disease. aortic valve disease. Tricuspid Valve Disease. aortic valve disease. AORTIC REGURGITATION http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section16/chapter207/207c.htm

This Publication Is Searchable The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Section 16. Cardiovascular Disorders Chapter 207. Valvular Heart Disease Topics [General] Mitral Valve Disease Aortic Valve Disease Tricuspid Valve Disease Aortic Valve Disease AORTIC REGURGITATION (Aortic Incompetence or Insufficiency) Retrograde flow from the aorta into the left ventricle through incompetent aortic cusps. LV volume and LV stroke volume are increased because the LV must receive blood regurgitated in diastole in addition to normal blood flow from the pulmonary veins. LV hypertrophy occurs proportionally with dilation to maintain pressure. (Laplace's law: pressure = tension/radius. As the radius increases, tension is increased.) The cor bovinum of severe AR is the largest, heaviest heart in cardiac pathology. Symptoms, Signs, and Diagnosis Effort tolerance usually remains remarkably good for many years, even with severe AR, until dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea develop. Palpitations may occur because of awareness of the heart due to LV enlargement. In the absence of coronary disease, angina pectoris occurs in only about 5% of patients, and only with gross AR. It is especially common at night, perhaps because AR increases with slow heart rates. On auscultation, a pandiastolic decrescendo murmur is loudest over the sternum and left lower sternal border; S

7. Multiple Valve Disease SENILE CALCIFIC aortic valve disease WITH MULTIPLE VALVE INVOLVEMENT. CALCIFIC AORTIC STENOSIS WITH FUNCTIONAL MITRAL VALVE DISEASE. http://www.ctsnet.org/edmunds/Chapter36section6.html

SENILE CALCIFIC AORTIC VALVE DISEASE WITH MULTIPLE VALVE INVOLVEMENT In contrast to aortic stenosis caused by rheumatic disease in which associated mitral valve disease is common, senile calcific aortic stenosis usually presents as an isolated lesion. Although the combination of mitral valve disease and senile calcific aortic stenosis is uncommon, senile aortic calcification is a frequent cause of aortic valve stenosis. [ ] The incidence of senile calcific aortic disease has steadily increased in the last 20 years. Therefore, although mitral valve disease associated with calcific aortic stenosis is rare, as the incidence of calcific aortic stenosis increases, so does the likelihood of encountering patients with disease of both valves. Patterns of Multiple Valve Involvement with Calcific Aortic Stenosis [ CALCIFIC AORTIC STENOSIS WITH INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS OF THE MITRAL VALVE Stenotic aortic valves are frequently sites of infective endocarditis. As discussed in the section on endocarditis, the mitral valve may become involved with infective endocarditis by common abscess, by verrucous extension, or from a jet lesion, and infection may cause mitral valve aneurysm, perforation, and chordae disruption. [ ] Management of these patients usually requires aortic valve replacement and assessment of the mitral valve at the time of operation. Vegetations of the mitral valve can sometimes be removed and perforations patched if the remaining tissue is sturdy and appears healthy.

8. C CARDIOLOGYPATIENTPAGEaortic valve diseaseRick A It is important to diagnose and treat diseases of the aortic. valve. Untreated aortic valve disease can eventually http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/106/7/770.pdf

9. DrugInfoNet-Health Library Definition. aortic valve disease entails damage to, and dysfunction of, the aortic valve, one of the four valves Most cases of aortic valve disease can be diagnosed by a physical http://www.healthscout.com/ency/416/656/main.html

Search HealthScout Web MEDLINE Special Offers TV Specials Top Features Schizophrenia Hair Loss Liver Disease Allergies ... Impotence Resources Healthscout News 3D Interactive Human Atlas Health Videos Health Encyclopedia ... Drug Library Channels Home Today Women Men ... Alternative Medicine Advertisement Library A B C D ... Y Aortic Valve Disease From Our Sponsors: Advertisement Definition Aortic Valve Disease entails damage to, and dysfunction of, the aortic valve, one of the four valves in the heart. Description The most common valvular problem in old age is aortic valve disease. The aortic valve is one of four valves that control the flow of blood into and out of the heart. In particular, the aortic valve controls the flow of oxygenated blood pumped out of the heart from the left ventricle into the aorta, the main artery leading to the rest of the body. If the valve is abnormally narrow (aortic stenosis), the heart must work harder for a sufficient amount of blood to be pumped with each beat. On the other hand, if the valve does not close properly, it may cause aortic regurgitation because some of the blood being pumped out into the aorta regurgitates, or leaks backward, into the left ventricle with each beat. In either case, the work of the ventricle increases. As a result, its muscular wall thickens (a condition known as hypertrophy) and the left ventricle may become larger (dilate).

10. YourHeart | Patient Information | Anatomy/Treatment | Aortic Valve Disease You are here Home Patient Information Anatomy / treatment aortic valve disease. aortic valve disease. Where is the Aortic Valve? http://www.yourheart.org.uk/aortic.php

Search for Home About Patient Information Discussion Forum ... Sitemap Anatomy / Treatment Heart CHD / Angina Myocardial Infarction Iscaemic Heart Disease ... Heart Valves Aortic Valve Disease Mitral Valve Disease Pulmonary Valve Disease Tricuspid Valve Disease Endocarditis ... Useful Organisations You are here: Home Patient Information Anatomy / treatment Aortic Valve Disease Where is the Aortic Valve? The Aortic valve is situated between the left ventricle and the aorta, which is the main artery in the body, and prevents the back flow of blood once it has been pumped out of the heart. The valve may become damaged or diseased causing stenosis and/or regurgitation of the valve. Both of these complications may prevent the valve from functioning correctly. What is Aortic Stenosis? The Aortic valve may become narrowed or 'stenotic' causing the valve not to open fully. This will obstruct the forward flow of blood into the aorta from the left ventricle. What are the causes of Aortic Stenosis? Stenotic aortic valve disease is usually caused by one of three pathological processes: Rheumatic fever, which is another term for acute rheumatism.

11. EarthLink-Health Library Definition. aortic valve disease entails damage to, and dysfunction of, the aortic valve, one of the four valves Most cases of aortic valve disease can be diagnosed by a physical http://www.healthscout.com/ency/43/656/main.html

Search HealthScout Web MEDLINE Special Offers TV Specials Top Features Schizophrenia Hair Loss Liver Disease Allergies ... Impotence Resources Healthscout News 3D Interactive Human Atlas Health Videos Health Encyclopedia ... Drug Library Channels Home Today Women Men ... Drug Checker Advertisement Advertisement Library A B C D ... Y Aortic Valve Disease From Our Sponsors: Advertisement Definition Aortic Valve Disease entails damage to, and dysfunction of, the aortic valve, one of the four valves in the heart. Description The most common valvular problem in old age is aortic valve disease. The aortic valve is one of four valves that control the flow of blood into and out of the heart. In particular, the aortic valve controls the flow of oxygenated blood pumped out of the heart from the left ventricle into the aorta, the main artery leading to the rest of the body. If the valve is abnormally narrow (aortic stenosis), the heart must work harder for a sufficient amount of blood to be pumped with each beat. On the other hand, if the valve does not close properly, it may cause aortic regurgitation because some of the blood being pumped out into the aorta regurgitates, or leaks backward, into the left ventricle with each beat. In either case, the work of the ventricle increases. As a result, its muscular wall thickens (a condition known as hypertrophy) and the left ventricle may become larger (dilate).

12. YourHeart | Patient Information | Anatomy/Treatment | Aortic Valve Disease You are here Home Patient Information Anatomy / treatment aortic valve disease. Aortic Regurgitation. The Aortic valve may http://www.yourheart.org.uk/aortic02.php

Search for Home About Patient Information Discussion Forum ... Sitemap Anatomy / Treatment Heart CHD / Angina Myocardial Infarction Iscaemic Heart Disease ... Heart Valves Aortic Valve Disease Mitral Valve Disease Pulmonary Valve Disease Tricuspid Valve Disease Endocarditis ... Useful Organisations You are here: Home Patient Information Anatomy / treatment Aortic Regurgitation The Aortic valve may not close properly and results in a backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle. This is called regurgitation or sometimes also termed 'leaky valve'. What are the causes of Aortic Regurgitation? The main causes of Aortic regurgitation are: Rheumatic fever, which is another term for acute rheumatism. Congenital, a defect that occurred during foetal development. An abnormal widening of the base of the aorta (dilatation of the aortic root). Endocarditis, infection of the inner lining of the heart. What are the symptoms of Aortic Regurgitation? When the valve is only mildly affected by regurgitation there may either be no symptoms or be very few symptoms. As the valve's ability to close properly worsens, more blood leaks back into the left ventricle from the aorta. This in turn causes ventricle enlargement (dilatation) and thickening (hypertrophy) due to the 'regurgitant' flow held in the ventricle and strain on the left ventricle to force extra blood out of the ventricle. This in turn causes the ventricle to function poorly. The inability of the left ventricle to function correctly causes symptoms such as: Shortness of breath on exercise.

13. PS4ROSS: Aortic Valve Disease Back to the Ross page, aortic valve disease. Many problems can interfere with the proper functioning of a valve. They may be congenital http://ps4ross.com/ross/back/avd.html

Aortic Valve Disease Many problems can interfere with the proper functioning of a valve. They may be congenital (abnormal from birth), infectious (endocarditis), inflammatory (rheumatic fever), or just wear and tear over the years. In general, heart valve problems take one of two forms: Stenosis describes the condition when a valve does not open completely or the opening is too small, resulting in restricted blood flow; or Regurgitation , or Insufficiency, implies that blood leaks backward across the valve that should be closed. Some valves have both problems to varying degrees. Because the Ross procedure is primarily an aortic valve operation, this text focuses on problems pertaining to the aortic valve. table of contents E-mail: pstelzer@ps4ross.com phone:

14. Introduction Aortic Valve Disease - WrongDiagnosis.com Introduction to aortic valve disease as a medical condition including symptoms, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/a/aortic_valve_disease/intro.htm

15. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 16, Ch. 207, Valvular Heart Disease General. Mitral Valve Disease. aortic valve disease. Tricuspid Valve Disease. aortic valve disease. AORTIC REGURGITATION (Aortic Incompetence or Insufficiency). http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section16/chapter207/207c.jsp

16. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 16, Ch. 207, Valvular Heart Disease Topics. General. Mitral Valve Disease. aortic valve disease. Tricuspid Valve Disease. click here for navigation help. Mitral Valve Disease. MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section16/chapter207/207b.jsp

17. Aortic Valve Disease This particular chapter, coauthored by RM Novaro, MD and GM Mills, MD, deals with aortic valve disease from its diagnosis to today s popular treatment methods http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/diseasemanagement/cardiology/aortic_valve/ao

Published May 29, 2002 Reviewed August 6, 2003 R. M. Mills, MD Department of Cardiology G.M. Novaro, MD Department of Cardiology Print Chapter The Cleveland Clinic Foundation The availability of two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography and the development of reliable valve prostheses, both bioprosthetic and mechanical, have quietly revolutionized the clinical management of valvular heart disease. The cardiac valves have two functions. By opening, they control the direction in which blood flows, and by closing they allow pressure differentials to exist in a closed system. Abnormal valve function produces either pressure overloading due to restricted opening or volume overloading due to inadequate closure. Valvular heart disease can be approached either on the basis of the pathologic lesion, ie, aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation, or pathophysiologically as pressure overloading versus volume overloading. In this chapter, we will summarize our current approach to aortic valve disease, namely

18. Aortic Valve Disease -- Print Version TITLE aortic valve disease. With our aging population, calcific aortic stenosis accounts for the vast majority of aortic valve disease. http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/diseasemanagement/cardiology/aortic_valve/ao

TITLE: AORTIC VALVE DISEASE AUTHORS: R.M. MILLS, MD Department of Cardiology G.M. NOVARO, MD Department of Cardiology PUBLISHED: MAY 30, 2002 REVIEWED: AUGUST 6, 2003 The availability of two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography and the development of reliable valve prostheses, both bioprosthetic and mechanical, have quietly revolutionized the clinical management of valvular heart disease. The cardiac valves have two functions. By opening, they control the direction in which blood flows, and by closing they allow pressure differentials to exist in a closed system. Abnormal valve function produces either pressure overloading due to restricted opening or volume overloading due to inadequate closure. Valvular heart disease can be approached either on the basis of the pathologic lesion, ie, aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation, or pathophysiologically as pressure overloading versus volume overloading. In this chapter, we will summarize our current approach to aortic valve disease, namely aortic stenosis and regurgitation, with particular emphasis on the indications for valve surgery. In general, we adhere to the recommendations given in the ACC/AHA guidelines published in 1998.

19. EMedicine - Aortic Valve Disease And The Ross Operation : Article By Gregory B D aortic valve disease and the Ross Operation Pulmonary valve autograft replacement of the aortic valve (ie, the Ross procedure) is an operative technique used http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2823.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Pediatrics Cardiothoracic Surgery Aortic Valve Disease and the Ross Operation Last Updated: July 18, 2003 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, pulmonary valve autograft, Ross procedure AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Indications Relevant Anatomy And Contraindications ... Bibliography Author: Gregory B Dalshaug, MD , Fellow, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Coauthor(s): Christopher A Caldarone, MD , Associate Professor of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto; Phillip Camp, MD , Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Medicine Gregory B Dalshaug, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons American Medical Association Canadian Medical Association , Iowa Medical Society, and Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada Editor(s): Daniel S Schwartz, MD

20. Symptoms Of Aortic Valve Disease Mayo Clinic Rochester Medical Services aortic valve disease. Symptoms of aortic valve disease. People with aortic valve disease may not have symptoms for years. http://www.mayoclinic.org/aorticvalvedisease-rst/symptoms.html

Home About Mayo Clinic Contact Us Mayo Clinic Locations: Arizona Florida Minnesota Mayo Clinic ... Medical Services Aortic Valve Disease Aortic Valve Disease Treatment Aortic Valve Surgery Aortic Valve Regurgitation Aortic Valve Stenosis ... Medical Services Symptoms of Aortic Valve Disease People with aortic valve disease may not have symptoms for years. When the valve is only mildly affected, there may be very few or even no symptoms. When symptoms do appear, they may include: shortness of breath, especially with exercise exercise intolerance dizziness or fainting chest pain or palpitations (forceful beating of the heart) arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) swelling in the ankles fatigue About Mayo Clinic Contact Mayo About This Site Search ... Home

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 1     1-20 of 96    1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20