21. UAB Health System | Antiphospholipid Syndrome (aPL) antiphospholipid syndrome (aPL). What is antiphospholipid syndrome (aPL)? How does pregnancy affect antiphospholipid syndrome (aPL)? http://www.health.uab.edu/show.asp?durki=65482

22. Antiphospholipid Syndrome - Information / Diagnosis / Treatment / Prevention home immune disorders auto immune antiphospholipid syndrome antiphospholipid syndrome. Groups antiphospholipid syndrome A mailing list and forum. http://www.healthcyclopedia.com/immune-disorders/auto-immune/antiphospholipid-sy

Home Health cyclopedia All Topics by Category The Good Health Search Engine Health Conditions A-Z Gurus ... auto immune > antiphospholipid syndrome Antiphospholipid Syndrome Information / Diagnosis / Treatment / Prevention External links (marked with an arrow ) open in a new window. This site is a web directory and does not offer medical advice. We cannot take responsibility for information found on listed sites. This Page Related Topics Medical Definition Health News Web Directory: Related Topics: Blood Disorders/Blood Coagulation Chronic Illness Reproductive Health/Pregnancy and Birth/Complications Medical Definition: University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Medical Dictionary: "antiphospholipid syndrome" Health News: Search millions of published articles for news on Antiphospholipid Syndrome Modern Medicine Aging The Ardell Wellness Report HealthFacts Medical Post Medical Update Men's Health and the National Women's Health Report Note: Subscription required to access the full text of articles. Web Directory: Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome By Thomas G. DeLoughery, Associate Professor of Medicine a definition and history of this disease. Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome Forum Delphi message board and chat room for anyone with an interest in the disorder.

23. Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) Autoimmune Diseases antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) or Hughes Syndrome. What is antiphospholipid syndrome? The Antiphospholipid Story. http://www.sclero.org/medical/symptoms/associated/antiphospholipid/a-to-z.html

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24. Introduction Antiphospholipid Syndrome - WrongDiagnosis.com Introduction to antiphospholipid syndrome as a medical condition including symptoms, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/a/antiphospholipid_syndrome/intro.htm

25. Antiphospholipid Syndrome antiphospholipid syndrome. What is antiphospholipid syndrome? What causes the blood to clot too easily in antiphospholipid syndrome? http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/aha/umantiphos.htm

Adult Health Topics All Health Topics Find a UMHS Doctor T his information is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a substitute for medical treatment. You should speak to your physician or make an appointment to be seen if you have questions or concerns about this information or your medical condition. Search Adult Topics Search All Topics T his information is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a substitute for medical treatment. You should speak to your physician or make an appointment to be seen if you have questions or concerns about this information or your medical condition. Antiphospholipid Syndrome What is Antiphospholipid Syndrome? Antiphospholipid Syndrome is a disorder in which the blood clotting system begins to form blood clots in the veins or arteries without obvious reason. The symptoms of Antiphospholipid Syndrome include blood clots (thromboses) in leg or arm veins and/or arteries; blood clots which travel to the lungs (pulmonary emboli); sudden loss of vision; occasional episodes of numbness, tingling, or weakness in the face or limbs; stroke; seizures; and recurrent miscarriages. All of these symptoms are the result of blood clots occurring in small to medium sized blood vessels. Most people affected with this disorder have only one or two of any of these symptoms. They are however at risk for developing additional symptoms if not treated appropriately or monitored by a physician knowledgeable about the disorder.

26. OMIM - ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME http://www3.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=107320

27. Virtual Hospital: University Of Iowa Family Practice Handbook, Fourth Edition: R For Providers. University of Iowa Family Practice Handbook, Fourth Edition, Chapter 7. Rheumatology antiphospholipid syndrome. David http://www.vh.org/adult/provider/familymedicine/FPHandbook/Chapter07/14-7.html

For Providers University of Iowa Family Practice Handbook, Fourth Edition, Chapter 7 Rheumatology: Antiphospholipid Syndrome David C. Krupp, MD and Mark A. Graber, MD Departments of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics and College of Medicine Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed by Mosby General . Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a disorder characterized by recurrent venous or arterial thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, and thrombocytopenia associated with the presence of lupus anticoagulant or anticardiolipin antibody, or both. The female-to-male ratio is 2:1. May occur as a manifestation of lupus or may occur as an isolated, discrete syndrome. Anticardiolipin and antiphospholipid are essentially interchangeable terms. Depending on the assay used to detect them, they cross-react. Several subtypes that do not cross-react have been identified but are currently of little clinical significance. Clinical Features Pregnancy loss . Obstetric complications include recurrent fetal loss, often but not always in the late second or third trimester, severe pre-eclampsia, premature delivery, chorea gravidarum, and intrauterine growth retardation. Patients may also have "postpartum syndrome," which is manifested by pleuropericarditis and fever.

28. Antiphospholipid Syndrome Then in 1983 Hughes provided the first detailed description of the antiphospholipid syndrome (described in Amengual et al, 1998). http://www.nurseminerva.co.uk/antiphospholipid_syndrome.htm

Home Up antiphospholipid syndrome deep venous thrombosis thalassaemia TTP question received: Can you tell me what is the antifosfolipidic syndrome, my wife has it? She has thrombocitopenia too. Her platelets are 100. response: Can you tell me what is the antifosfolipidic syndrome, my wife has it? She has thrombocitopenia too. Her platelets are 100. th February 2001 During the late 1970s it was recognized that blood clotting disorders can be linked with the appearance of certain antibodies in the blood. Then in 1983 Hughes provided the first detailed description of the antiphospholipid syndrome (described in Amengual et al , 1998). The main clinical features of this syndrome are the repeated formation of inappropriate blood clots (thromboses) in arteries and veins, miscarriages during pregnancy, and commonly a reduction in the number of platelets in the blood. Platelets are also known as thrombocytes because of their contribution to the process of blood clotting, and if they are present in reduced numbers the condition is called thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia occurs in approximately 20 to 40% of the patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (Galli, Finazzi, and Barbui, 1996). Antiphospholipid syndrome may occur on its own or it may be associated with other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (Gromnica-Ihle and Schossler, 2000). The blood clots that occur in antiphospholipid syndrome can affect vessels of all sizes (Khamashta and Hughes, 1995).

29. Antiphospholipid Syndrome. DermNet NZ antiphospholipid syndrome information for patients. NZ DermNet is an online dermatology resource for patients, GPs and dermatologists. antiphospholipid syndrome. http://www.dermnetnz.org/dna.systemic/antiphospholipid.html

@import url("/common/screen.css"); DermNet NZ Ad: Authoritative facts about the skin from the New Zealand Dermatological Society Home For patients For doctors ... Site map Search: Home Vascular Antiphospholipid syndrome What is antiphospholipid syndrome? Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a disorder characterised by recurrent arterial or venous thrombosis and/or pregnancy losses, in the presence of persistently elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibodies and/or evidence of circulating lupus anticoagulant (these abnormalities are detected by blood tests). Primary APS occurs when there is no evidence of associated diseases. APS in the presence of an underlying disease, usually systemic lupus erythematosus , is called secondary APS. Who gets APS? APS occurs more commonly in young to middle-aged adults. However, it has also been found in a child as young as 8 months and in elderly people. Secondary APS appears to be more common in females and is most likely due to the fact that systemic lupus erythematosus and other connective tissue disorders have a female predominance. Younger patients with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, or cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), need to be investigated for APS, particularly if no other risk factors are present.

30. THE CATASTROPHIC ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME (CAPS) THE CATASTROPHIC antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) A Review of 115 Patients and Possible Clues to Pathogenesis and Treatment Reported by RA Asherson, MD, FACP http://www.rheuma21st.com/archives/cutting_asherson_caps.html

Here is the fourth in our "clinical" series of cutting-edge articles which are appearing in Rheuma21st.com in advance of their dissemination in print journals or meetings. THE CATASTROPHIC ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME (CAPS) A Review of 115 Patients and Possible Clues to Pathogenesis and Treatment Reported by RA Asherson, MD, FACP, FCP(SA), FRCP, FACR, Rheumatic Diseases Unit, University of Cape Town School of Medicine and The Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa Y Shoenfeld, MD, Department of Medicine "B", Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel published 27. February 2001 Download As A PDF File : To read and print PDF files, you will need free Adobe Acrobat Reader INTRODUCTION Initial observations of thrombosis occurring in the presence of the lupus anticoagulant (LA) were reported by Bowie et al ( ) in 1963. Two years later, they reported the myriad vascular complications affecting both veins and arteries seen in patients with SLE, including the presence of LA and even a biological false-positive test for syphilis ( ). Many papers published in the 1970s and 1980s have confirmed this association. The occurrence of recurrent miscarriages and the LA had also been documented (

31. Immunology And Uveitis Service | Medical Professionals | Articles | Case Reports antiphospholipid syndrome. by Erik Letko, MD. The results showed thrombotic microangiopathy that was consistent with the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome. http://www.uveitis.org/medical/articles/case/antiphospholipid_syndrome.html

Treatment Algorithms Articles Textbook Clinical Trials ... Case Reports Antiphospholipid Syndrome by Erik Letko, M.D. Harvard Medical School Boston, MA CC (6/97): Blurry vision, headaches. HPI: A 55 year old woman complained of blurry vision in both eyes and headaches. The patient consulted her ophthalmologist who treated her Pred Forte and Atropine eye drops into both eyes without improvement. ROS: Hypertension, migraine, thyroid gland dysfunction, spastic colitis, colon polyps, anemia, recurrent UTIs, chlamydia, chills, fever, night sweat, fatigue, malaise, dizziness, paresthesia, alopecia, myalgia, arthralgia. Examination Visual acuity: 20/40 OD and 20/25 OS IOP: normal SLE: no conjunctival injection, one old keratic precipitate, 1/2+ flare and trace cells in the anterior chamber, 1+ posterior subcapsular cataract, 1/2+ vitreous cells, cell clumps adhered to the vitreous fibrils. Figure 5 . Fundus photograph of retinal periphery showing dot/blot hemorrhages. Assessment Uveitis OU Dot/blot hemorrhages OU Cataract OU Plan Work up of uveitis Fluorescein angiography OU Rule out underlying systemic disease Consider treatment Work-up Her work-up was significant for elevated levels of cholesterol, light density lipoproteins, triglycerides, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, and anticardiolipin antibodies IgG and IgA. Urine analysis showed 4+ proteinuria, positive leukocyte esterase, bacteria, and presence of white blood cells. Fluorescein angiography showed vitreous opacity in both eyes and intraretinal dot/blot hemorrhage in OD.

32. ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME antiphospholipid syndrome. Specialty Definition antiphospholipid syndrome. Domain, Definition. Health. Top. Specialty Definition antiphospholipid syndrome. http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/english/An/Antiphospholipid

Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME Specialty Definition: ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME Domain Definition Health The presence of antibodies directed against phospholipids (antibodies, antiphospholipid). The condition is associated with a variety of diseases, notably systemic lupus erythematosus and other connective tissue diseases, thrombopenia, and arterial or venous thromboses. In pregnancy it can cause abortion. Of the phospholipids, the cardiolipins show markedly elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibodies (antibodies, anticardiolipin). Present also are high levels of lupus anticoagulant (lupus coagulation inhibitor). ( references Source: compiled by the editor from various references ; see credits. Top Specialty Definition: Antiphospholipid syndrome (From Wikipedia , the free Encyclopedia) Antiphospholipid syndrome is a disorder of coagulation, and causes thrombosis in both arteries and veins. It is an autoimmune disease, in which antibodies react against anionic phospholipids on ? cell membranes. People with this disease also are thrombocytopenic (low platelet number). It has an association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), many people with antiphospholipid syndrome will go on to develop SLE. Being an autoimmune disease, it is more common in women than in men.

33. Arthritis Research Campaign | Antiphospholipid Syndrome antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a disorder in which the blood has a tendency to clot too quickly ( sticky blood syndrome). http://www.arc.org.uk/about_arth/booklets/6059/6059.htm

scotland + n. ireland north wales + midlands east + southeast ... south + southwest What is antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)? Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a disorder in which the blood has a tendency to clot too quickly ('sticky blood' syndrome). The clotting can affect any vein or artery in the body, resulting in a wide range of symptoms. These are described below. (The medical words in italics are explained in more detail in the Glossary at the end of the booklet.) History of APS Most of the early work leading to the detailed description of APS was carried out in the early 1980s by Dr Graham Hughes and his colleagues while studying a disease called lupus (see arc booklet ' Lupus '). In lupus the immune system goes into 'overdrive' and produces a huge variety of excess antibodies . While studying lupus it became clear that some patients had a tendency to form blood clots in arteries and veins. This clotting was associated with a particular antibody which 'attacks' phospholipids antiphospholipid antibodies . It was discovered that the syndrome could exist in people without lupus. This is now known as APS or primary antiphospholipid syndrome. What are the main signs and symptoms?

34. Antiphospholipid Syndrome - Fertilitext Discussion Board Author, Topic antiphospholipid syndrome. 1 year ago, I was diagnosed with the antiphospholipid syndrome and I am now emotionally ready to try again. http://www.fertilitext.org/ubb/Forum12/HTML/000851.html

35. Antiphospholipid Syndrome & MS The antiphospholipid syndrome and Multiple Sclerosis . Dr. Graham RV Hughes, MD FRCP Head of Lupus Research Unit The Rayne Institute St. http://www.infotech.demon.co.uk/MS.htm

The Antiphospholipid Syndrome and "Multiple Sclerosis" Dr. Graham R.V. Hughes, MD FRCP Head of Lupus Research Unit The Rayne Institute St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH (First printed in: LUPUS (1999), Volume 8 Number 2 (Full references have been omitted and the reader should refer to the above journal or to Stockton Press The issue of "Lupus" includes a further study embracing "multiple sclerosis" (MS) or "atypical MS" in the clinical spectrum covered by the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). As IJdo et al (1998) pointed out in their paper, "with increasing utilisation of MRI studies, there has been a marked increased incidence in the misdiagnosis of MS in the American population". An observation which can probably be applied elsewhere. One of the different diagnosis of MS is APS. from the first clinical descriptions, it was obvious that neurological features were both frequent and protean. Spinal cord involvement has included Guillain-Barre syndrome and transverse myelitis. Anecdotally, most clinicians dealing with APS or lupus with APS have seen patients initally labelled as "probable MS". Certainly the ischaemic changes produced by the APS in the white matter may be indistinguishable on MRI from those of MS. Conversely, it may be that some patients with "true" MS occasionally exhibit anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies. Fukazawa et al (1993) found that 2 out of 38 patients with definite MS had positive aCL titres. Both of these patients had optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. A subsequent study reported positive aCL (IgG 9% and IgM 44%) in 32 MS patients. Another study from Japan reviewed 20 cases of MS, all of whom had optic neuritis. No less that 9 had transverse mylelitis. Four patients (all of whom had optic neuritis and myelitis) were positive for aCL. In a small study in our department, sera from 36 MS patients were studied. Five were aPL positive and of these, two had transverse myelitis (unpublished observations).

36. Autoimmunity / What Is Autoimmunity? / Autoimmune Diseases / > Antiphospholipid The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was first described in the early 1950s in women who were noted to have prolonged bleeding times that were not correctable http://www.diagnostics.com/templates/Page____2175.asp

Choose your destination Diagnostics Brazil Diagnostics Italy Diagnostics Netherlands Diagnostics Norway Diagnostics Spain Diagnostics Sweden Diagnostics Taiwan Diagnostics UK Diagnostics US Home Email Company Info Website Info ... Scientific Services The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was first described in the early 1950s in women who were noted to have prolonged bleeding times that were not correctable by addition of normal plasma, history of hypercoagulability, false-positive VDRL, and a history of recurrent pregnancy loss. The lupus anticoagluant and the anticardiolipin antibody were characterized as acquired antibodies. Clinical and serologic criteria for the classification of APS have been proposed on the basis of a study of 667 SLE patients: Classification of Antiphospholipid Syndrome Clinical manifestations: Vascular thrombosis (one or more clinical episodes of arterial, venous, or small vessel thrombosis) Pregnancy morbidity (one or more unexplained deaths of a morphologically normal fetus at or beyond the 10th week of gestation / one or more premature births at or before the 34th week of gestation / three or more unexplained consecutive spontaneous abortion before the 10th week of gestation) Laboratory criteria: Anticardiolipin antibodies (IgG and/or IgM) Lupus anticoagulant Definite antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is considered to be present if at least 1 of the clinical criteria and 1 of the laboratory criteria are met.

37. Autoimmunity / Scientific Services / Publication Of The Month / > 2003 Archive / November 11/03 antiphospholipid syndrome. Antiphospholipid syndrome Shoenfeld Y. (2003) Systemic antiphospholipid syndrome Lupus 12, 497 498. http://www.diagnostics.com/templates/Page____2463.asp

Choose your destination Diagnostics Brazil Diagnostics Italy Diagnostics Netherlands Diagnostics Norway Diagnostics Spain Diagnostics Sweden Diagnostics Taiwan Diagnostics UK Diagnostics US Home Email Company Info Website Info ... > 2002 Archive November 11/03: Antiphospholipid Syndrome Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is in most cases diagnosed according to the International Consensus Statement from 1999. Accordingly, diagnosis is based on clinical features and on laboratory criteria: the patient must fulfill at least one of the clinical criteria (vascular thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity) and at least one of the laboratory criteria (anticardiolipin antibodies of immunoglobulin IgG and/or immunoglobulin M isotype in blood, present in medium or high titer on two or more occasions, at least 6 weeks apart, measured by a standardized ELISA for beta2-glycoproprotein I dependent cardiolipin antibodies or lupus anticoagulant antibodies). Due to the fact that APS has evolved to be a highly systemic disease, Y. Shoenfeld has proposed to change its name to "systemic (Hughes’) antiphospholipid syndrome": Shoenfeld Y. (2003)

38. CCHS Clinical Digital Library antiphospholipid syndrome Clinical Resources. antiphospholipid syndrome Access document; Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome and Pregnancy Access document; http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/clinical/immunology/autoimmune/antiphospholipid-syndr

Clinical Resources by Topic: Immunology Antiphospholipid Syndrome Clinical Resources Emergency Pediatrics Geriatrics Pathology ... Miscellaneous Resources See also: General Immunology Clinical Resources Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patient/Family Resources Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 15th Ed.-2001: Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Chapter 307: Autoimmunity and Autoimmune Diseases: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Mechanisms of Autoimmunity: Access document Genetics: Access document Immunopathogenic Mechanisms in Autoimmune Diseases: Access document Autoimmune Disease: Access document Organ-Specific versus Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: Access document Systemic Autoimmune Disease: Access document Chapter 275: Glomerulopathies Associated with Multisystem Diseases: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Immunologically Mediated Multisystem Diseases: Access document Introduction: Access document Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome and Thrombotic Microangiopathy: Access document Ruddy: Kelly's Textbook of Rheumatology 6th Ed.-2001 (MD Consult): Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Chapter 76 - Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome: Access document Definition and Classification: Access document Epidemiology and Genetics: Access document Etiology: Access document Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology: Access document Diagnosis: Access document Differential Diagnosis: Access document Treatment: Access document Complications and Prognosis: Access document Brenner and Rector's The Kidney 7th Ed.-2004 (MD Consult):

39. CCHS Clinical Digital Library antiphospholipid syndrome Patient/Family Resources. See also General Immunology Patient/Family Resources; antiphospholipid syndrome Clinical Resources. http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/patientinfo/immunology/autoimmune/antiphospholipid-sy

Patient/Family Resources by Topic: Immunology Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patient/Family Resources Miscellaneous See also: General Immunology Patient/Family Resources Antiphospholipid Syndrome Clinical Resources InteliHealth Disease and Condition Guide Table of contents Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome: Access document Miscellaneous Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patient/Family Resources YAHOO - Health:Diseases and Conditions:Antiphospholipid Syndrome Additional Antiphospholipid Syndrome resources ( These sites have not been reviewed. YAHOO - Health:Medicine:Immunology Additional Immunology resources ( These sites have not been reviewed. Health Sciences Library College of Community Health Sciences The University of Alabama Service provided by the Clinical Digital Libraries Project of the UA and UNT Schools of Library and Information Studies Powered by UA Digital Libraries Navigation Lab technology

40. High-Risk Pregnancy - Antiphospholipid Syndrome (aPL), Cincinnati Children's Hos Conditions and Diagnoses. antiphospholipid syndrome (aPL). What is antiphospholipid syndrome (aPL)? How does pregnancy affect antiphospholipid syndrome (aPL)? http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/info/pregnancy/diagnose/

Home Contact Us Site Map Go to Advanced Search ... Anemia in Pregnancy Antiphospholipid Syndrome (aPL) Bleeding in Pregnancy / Placenta Previa / Placental Abruption Cholestasis of Pregnancy Chorioamnionitis Diabetes and Pregnancy ... Tests and Procedures Conditions and Diagnoses Antiphospholipid Syndrome (aPL) What is antiphospholipid syndrome (aPL)? Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disease in which the body produces large amounts of antiphospholipid antibodies. Antiphospholipid antibodies attack the phospholipids (a type of fat, containing phosphate, that makes up the outer walls of the body's cells). This causes many different problems including increased blood clotting. This disease is about two times more common in women than men. It is generally characterized by the following: thrombosis - blood clots in arteries or veins (especially in the legs). Clots in vessels of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) can result in stroke. thrombocytopenia - low platelets (cells important in blood clotting). pregnancy loss (especially repeated losses) Antiphospholipid syndrome was only defined in recent years and is sometimes called Hughes syndrome. The disease may occur along with other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, or lupus).

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