61. EMedicine – Anthrax Infection : Anthrax Disease Information, Anthrax Pictures A CBRNE anthrax Infection. Synonyms and related keywords anthrax, Bacillus anthracis, black bane, the fifth plague, wool-sorter s disease. http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic864.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Emergency Medicine Warfare - Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear And Explosives CBRNE - Anthrax Infection Last Updated: January 21, 2003 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: anthrax, Bacillus anthracis, black bane, the fifth plague, wool-sorter's disease AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Hilarie Cranmer, MD , Associate Director, Harvard International Emergency Medicine Fellowship, Clinical Instructor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard University School of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital Coauthor(s): Mauricio Martinez, MD , Clinical Instructor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Medical Center at New Orleans Hilarie Cranmer, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association , and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Editor(s): James Li, MD

62. CNN.com - Anthrax Symptoms Puzzle Doctors - January 12, 2002 CNN http://cnn.com/2002/HEALTH/01/12/anthrax.mystery/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 Anthrax symptoms puzzle doctors Officials have confirmed 18 infections since October WASHINGTON (CNN) Doctors say they're intrigued and baffled by the case of a postal inspector who worked at an anthrax-contaminated office here, was admitted to a hospital with symptoms of the inhaled form of the disease, but never tested positive for the bacterium. Physicians wrote about the case in the latest issue of the The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association. As a postal inspector, the patient was responsible for removing air filters in the part of the Brentwood Post Office that was contaminated with anthrax. Two other employees who worked at that office died of inhalation anthrax and another two were diagnosed with the disease. Complete coverage The patient cited in the article was never diagnosed with inhalation anthrax. The patient said he was wearing only a store-bought face mask while removing and changing the filters and said he inhaled large quantities of dust particles. The patient also reportedly inspected about 10 packages at high risk for containing anthrax.

63. Could The Anthrax Mailings Be Military-Industrial Espionage? The CIA s Role in the anthrax Mailings Could Our Spies be Agents for MilitaryIndustrial Sabotage, Terrorism, and Even Population Control? http://www.tetrahedron.org/articles/anthrax/anthrax_espionage.html

Call or Chat with a Customer Representative NOW! Dr. Horowitz Speaks on National Television. Mass Murder in Medicine: IN THE NEWS THE APOCALYPSE PREVENTION PROJECT Investigators Conclude Russian Defector is Lead Suspect in Anthrax Mailings Case Socio-Economic and Political Correlates and Antecedents to Epidemic Autism Anthrax Mailings Espionage Special Report ... "Public Health Expert May Have Solved Anthrax Mailing Mystery" Join Our Associate Program Click Here for Details The CIA's Role in the Anthrax Mailings: Could Our Spies be Agents for Military-Industrial Sabotage, Terrorism, and Even Population Control?

64. CNN.com - Man Convicted In Anthrax Letters Hoax - Dec. 3, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/LAW/12/03/anthrax.hoax.ap/index.html

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Services CNNtoGO Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com Man convicted in anthrax letters hoax Clayton Waagner: "It was fun." Story Tools RELATED Fertilizer found in suspect's car Anthrax hoax suspect nabbed Abortion foe suspected in hoaxes YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Anthrax Abortion Acts of terror Chemical Warfare or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? PHILADELPHIA, Pennsylvania (AP) A self-described "terrorist" who told jurors that people who provide abortions should be shot was convicted Wednesday on charges that he mailed envelopes of fake anthrax to women's clinics in an attempt to shut them down. A federal jury deliberated more than three hours before finding Clayton Waagner guilty on 51 of 53 counts, including the most serious charge: threatening to use a weapon of mass destruction. Waagner, who once made the FBI's 10 Most Wanted list, could face decades in prison when he is sentenced. He is already serving a 49-year term for car theft and weapons violations. The quick conviction followed a 2.5 week trial, during which Waagner represented himself.

65. Terrorism: Q & A | "Anthrax" anthrax This Q A fact sheet offers answers to many common questions about anthrax. It is not a a physician. What is anthrax? It’sa http://cfrterrorism.org/weapons/anthrax.html

Table of Contents Home Afghanistan The Country ... Al-Qaeda (Afghanistan, Islamists) Osama bin Laden (al-Qaeda leader) Hamas, Islamic Jihad (Palestinian Islamists) Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades (Palestinian nationalists) PFLP, DFLP, PFLP-GC (Palestinian leftists) Hezbollah (Lebanon, Islamists) Jamaat al-Islamiyya, Egyptian Islamic Jihad (Egypt, Islamists) Armed Islamic Group (Algeria, Islamists) Kashmir Militant Extremists (Kashmir, Islamists) Mujahedeen-e-Khalq (Iranian rebels) Abu Nidal Organization (Iraq, extremists) Kach, Kahane Chai (Israel, extremists) Chechnya-based Terrorists (Russia, separatists) East Turkestan Islamic Movement (China, separatists) Kurdistan Workers’ Party (Turkey, separatists) Jemaah Islamiyah (Southeast Asia, Islamists) Abu Sayyaf Group (Philippines, Islamist separatists) Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (Sri Lanka, separatists) Irish Republican Army (U.K., separatists) IRA Splinter Groups (U.K., separatists) Northern Ireland Loyalist Paramilitaries (U.K., extremists) Basque Fatherland and Liberty (Spain, separatists) November 17, Revolutionary People’s Struggle

66. CNN.com - FBI Asks Microbiologists For Help On Anthrax - February 5, 2002 CNN http://cnn.com/2002/US/02/04/inv.fbi.anthrax/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 COMPLETE COVERAGE FRONT LINES AMERICA AT HOME FBI asks microbiologists for help on anthrax WASHINGTON (CNN) Saying "it is very likely that one or more of you know this individual," the FBI has asked the nation's 30,000 microbiologists for help in identifying who sent the deadly anthrax-laced letters last year. "A review of the information to date in this matter leads investigators to believe that a single person is most likely responsible for these mailings. This person is experienced working in a laboratory," the FBI said in a letter to the members of the American Society for Microbiology. IN-DEPTH VIDEO/AUDIO Investigators baffled by 94-year-old woman's death MORE STORIES Gephardt: Anthrax cleanup 'tougher than expected' Official: CIA uses anthrax, but no link to letters EXTRA INFORMATION Anthrax symptoms Tracking the bacteria RESOURCES Advice on suspicious packages Message board Van Harp, director of the FBI's Washington field office and the man in charge of the bureau's anthrax investigation, wrote the letter. It was sent to the biologists in mid-January. CNN obtained the letter Monday.

67. NEJM -- Anthrax Next Next. anthrax. Terry C. Dixon, BS, Matthew Meselson, Ph.D., Jeanne Guillemin, Ph.D., and Philip C. Hanna, Ph.D. 1. Clinical Manifestations. Cutaneous anthrax. http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/341/11/815

HOME SEARCH CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... HELP Please sign in for full text and personal services Previous Volume 341:815-826 September 9, 1999 Number 11 Next Anthrax Terry C. Dixon, B.S., Matthew Meselson, Ph.D., Jeanne Guillemin, Ph.D., and Philip C. Hanna, Ph.D. PDF Letters Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager ... Chapters at Harrison's Anthrax is an often fatal bacterial infection that occurs when Bacillus anthracis endospores enter the body through abrasions in the skin or by inhalation or ingestion. It is a zoonosis to which most mammals, especially grazing herbivores, are considered susceptible. Human infections result from contact with contaminated animals or animal products, and there are no known cases of human-to-human transmission. Human anthrax is not common, and only one of us has seen a case. Cutaneous anthrax, the most common form, is usually curable. A small percentage of cutaneous infections become systemic, and these can be fatal. Systemic infection resulting from inhalation of the organism has a mortality rate approaching 100 percent, with death usually occurring within

68. World Health Organization - Communicable Disease Surveillance & Response Influen THIS PAGE HAS MOVED you will automatically be redirected to the new page within 5 seconds. If the redirect does not work, click here to reach the new pages. http://www.who.int/emc/faqanthrax.html

THIS PAGE HAS MOVED - you will automatically be redirected to the new page within 5 seconds. If the redirect does not work, click here to reach the new pages.

69. CNN.com - Florida Anthrax Patient Dies - October 5, 2001 CNN http://cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/10/05/anthrax.death/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 Florida anthrax patient dies ATLANTIS, Fla. (CNN) A 63-year-old man hospitalized after contracting anthrax has died, hospital officials said Friday. Robert Stevens had been hospitalized since Tuesday when he checked himself into JFK Medical Center. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) is heading the investigation into how Stevens contracted anthrax. The FBI is available to assist as needed. Palm Beach County health officials noted the case is not a criminal investigation, and they believe he contracted the disease naturally. Stevens fell ill after a recent trip to North Carolina and checked into a hospital Tuesday. A Florida state epidemiologist said he did not believe Stevens contracted the disease during his trip because the incubation period for anthrax is between six and 45 days, a period which would not have included his trip. VIDEO CNN's John Zarrella reports on the case of anthrax in Florida (October 5) Play video (QuickTime, Real or Windows Media)

70. WHO: Anthrax anthrax. anthrax is primarily a disease of herbivorous mammals, although other mammals and some birds have been known to contract it. http://www.who.int/csr/disease/Anthrax/en/

English Search Home Countries Health topics ... Media Centre Location: WHO WHO sites CSR Home Diseases Anthrax Anthrax Activities Information resources Anthrax is primarily a disease of herbivorous mammals, although other mammals and some birds have been known to contract it. Until the introduction and widespread use of effective veterinary vaccines, it was a major cause of fatal disease in cattle, sheep, goats, camels, horses, and pigs throughout the world. Anthrax continues to be reported from many countries in domesticated and wild herbivores, especially where livestock vaccination programmes are inadequate or have been disrupted. Humans generally acquire the disease directly or indirectly from infected animals, or occupational exposure to infected or contaminated animal products. Control in livestock is therefore the key to reduced incidence. The disease is generally regarded as being non-contagious. Records of person-to-person spread exist, but are rare. For more information about prevention and treatment, consult the WHO fact sheet . See also Information resources for further details of the disease.

71. CNN.com - Investigators Report 'no Clues' In Latest Anthrax Death - November 1, CNN http://cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/conditions/11/01/anthrax/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 Investigators report 'no clues' in latest anthrax death A postal worker walks by the Bronx, New York, apartment building of anthrax victim Kathy Nguyen on Thursday. (CNN) Federal health authorities Thursday reported "no clues" that might link the anthrax death of a Bronx, New York, woman to tainted mail. They did say the strain of the bacteria that killed her was indistinguishable from that found in letters sent to a Senate office and two New York media outlets. "We haven't identified anything about this strain that's different from strains in the other areas," said Dr. Julie Gerberding with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. She said that further analysis is needed before any firm conclusion can be drawn. Most of the 16 confirmed anthrax victims have been postal employees who are believed to have handled three contaminated letters postmarked in Trenton, New Jersey.

72. 2001.10.10:Q&As About Anthrax Prevention And Treatment QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT anthrax PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. October 10, 2001. Q Is there an approved treatment for anthrax? A Yes. http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2001pres/20011010a.html

Skip Navigation HHS Home Questions? Contact Us ... Site Map This is an archive page. The links are no longer being updated. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT ANTHRAX PREVENTION AND TREATMENT October 10, 2001 Q: Is there an approved treatment for anthrax? A: Yes. Three types of antiobiotics are approved for anthrax: ciprofloxacin, tetracyclines (including doxycycline), and penicillins. For people who have been exposed to anthrax but do not have symptoms, 60 days of one of these antibiotics is given to reduce the risk or progression of disease due to inhaled anthrax. Q: Does the government have a plan in place to make Cipro available if there were mass exposure to anthrax? A: Yes. Under emergency plans, the Federal government would ship appropriate antibiotics from its stockpile to wherever they are needed. Q: Should individual consumers ask their physicians to write a prescription for Cipro, so they have it on hand in case it's needed? A: No. Any needed antibiotics from the current stockpile will be made available if they are needed. In the meantime, Cipro should not be prescribed unless there is a clearly indicated need, so that the drug will be available as the need arises for the standard infections for which it is used. Q: What is FDA telling physicians and other health professionals about prescriptions for Cipro?

73. Anthrax CBC News Online presents an indepth report and videos on this disease. http://www.cbc.ca/news/indepth/background/anthrax.html

74. Anthrax : Fact Sheet : New York City AWARE : NYC DOHMH Public Health Emergency Preparedness. anthrax. What is anthrax? anthrax is an with anthrax spores. What is cutaneous (skin) anthrax? http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/cd/cdant.html

Public Health Emergency Preparedness Anthrax What is anthrax? Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax most commonly occurs in wild and domestic livestock (such as cattle, sheep, and goats), but infections can occur in humans as well. In the fall of 2001, an outbreak of cutaneous and inhalational anthrax in New York City, New Jersey, the Washington, D.C. area, and Florida resulted from a still unsolved act of bioterrorism involving letters intentionally contaminated with anthrax spores. What is cutaneous (skin) anthrax? Cutaneous anthrax is a treatable skin infection that occurs when anthrax spores enter an open cut, sore, or abrasion in the skin. Cutaneous anthrax infections usually respond well to prompt antibiotic treatment, and most people with cutaneous anthrax make full and complete recoveries. Deaths from cutaneous anthrax are extremely rare, as long as patients are treated promptly with antibiotics. What are the symptoms of cutaneous anthrax? Symptoms usually occur within seven days. Initial symptoms of cutaneous anthrax may include “flu-like” symptoms, such as a low-grade fever and general fatigue. Lymph glands may swell. A boil-like lesion that eventually develops an ulcer with a black center will form on the skin. If symptoms do not develop within two weeks of exposure, there is only a remote chance of developing cutaneous anthrax disease.

75. CNN.com - Cheney: 'Reasonable' To Assume Anthrax Cases Linked To Terrorists - Oc CNN http://cnn.com/2001/US/10/12/gen.cheney/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 COMPLETE COVERAGE FRONT LINES AMERICA AT HOME Cheney: 'Reasonable' to assume anthrax cases linked to terrorists Cheney appeared Friday evening on the PBS news program "The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer" WASHINGTON (CNN) Vice President Dick Cheney said Friday it is "reasonable" to assume the recent anthrax cases in the United States are linked to the September 11 terrorist attacks, because Osama bin Laden's terrorist training manuals teach "how to deploy these kinds of substances." "If I received a letter that I didn't know where it came from, didn't recognize the sender, ... then I'd be suspicious of it. I'd have it checked," Cheney said in an interview on PBS' "The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer." He urged Americans to be "more alert as a society" and to contact authorities if anything seems suspicious. "We just need to be more sensitive that there are, in fact, people in our midst who wish us ill," said Cheney.

76. Anthrax For Export | William Blum | April 1998 Issue Of The Progressive Magazine April 1998 Issue. anthrax for Export US companies sold Iraq the ingredients for a witch s brew. by William Blum. Bacillus Anthracis, cause of anthrax. http://www.progressive.org/0901/anth0498.html

April 1998 Issue Anthrax for Export U.S. companies sold Iraq the ingredients for a witch's brew by William Blum The United States almost went to war against Iraq in February because of Saddam Hussein's weapons program. In his State of the Union address, President Clinton castigated Hussein for "developing nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons and the missiles to deliver them." "You cannot defy the will of the world," the President proclaimed. "You have used weapons of mass destruction before. We are determined to deny you the capacity to use them again." Most Americans listening to the President did not know that the United States supplied Iraq with much of the raw material for creating a chemical and biological warfare program. Nor did the media report that U.S. companies sold Iraq more than $1 billion worth of the components needed to build nuclear weapons and diverse types of missiles, including the infamous Scud. When Iraq engaged in chemical and biological warfare in the 1980s, barely a peep of moral outrage could be heard from Washington, as it kept supplying Saddam with the materials he needed to build weapons. From 1980 to 1988, Iraq and Iran waged a terrible war against each other, a war that might not have begun if President Jimmy Carter had not given the Iraqis a green light to attack Iran, in response to repeated provocations. Throughout much of the war, the United States provided military aid and intelligence information to both sides, hoping that each would inflict severe damage on the other.

77. CNN.com - Anthrax Traces Found At Washington VA Hospital - November 3, 2001 CNN http://cnn.com/2001/US/11/03/inv.anthrax.va/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 COMPLETE COVERAGE FRONT LINES AMERICA AT HOME Anthrax traces found at Washington VA hospital WASHINGTON (CNN) A mailroom in the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center has tested positive for anthrax, the federal agency reported Saturday. The mailroom is located in a hospital that houses 250 patients but is not near patient areas, said Phil Budahn, the VA's media relations director. But, he added, hospital officials are keeping "a close eye on patients." Swabs were taken in the mailroom October 30 because the hospital receives its mail from the main Brentwood branch post office in Washington, the facility that processed an anthrax-laden letter sent to Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle. Two Brentwood postal employees have died of inhalation anthrax, and two others are hospitalized with the same disease. Of the 22 swabs, one was positive, Budahn said. Administrators closed the mailroom, he said.

78. Howstuffworks "How Anthrax Works" This week a new anthrax scare prompted authorities to close down 11 post offices in the Washington DC area. How anthrax Works. by Lee Ann Obringer, http://health.howstuffworks.com/anthrax.htm

ComputerStuff AutoStuff ElectronicsStuff ScienceStuff ... PeopleStuff Top Subjects Cholesterol Dieting Nicotine Sleep ... Tattoos Sponsored By: Categories Diseases and Conditions Drugs Fitness Health Care ... Online Pharmacy Explore Stuff Lidrock.com Big List of Articles Get the Newsletter Search HSW and the Web Search Google Main Health Diseases and Conditions How Anthrax Works by Lee Ann Obringer Table of Contents Introduction to How Anthrax Works Where Does it Come From? How Does it Spread? What Happens When it Enters the Body? The Symptoms of Anthrax Diagnosis and Treatment Vaccine and Treatment Research Lots More Information The threat of anthrax as a biological weapon has become a real concern for everyone. Anthrax is a disease caused not by a virus, but rather by bacteria . There aren't any known cases of anthrax passing from one person to another, so it is considered to be noncontagious. It is still a large threat, however, because if it isn't recognized and treated quickly enough it can be deadly. Bacillus anthracis is the bacterium that causes the disease anthrax. It has historically affected herbivores like cattle, sheep or other grazing herds, but has also been a threat to humans who work with these animals and their by-products.

79. ANTHRAX: Music Of Mass Destruction Official site of the longstanding metal band featuring news, MP3s, tours, message board, merchandise, and e-mail. http://anthraxtheband.com

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80. CNN.com - 10 Things You Need To Know About Anthrax - October 29, 2001 The following questions and answers about anthrax are provided courtesy of the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia. http://www.cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/conditions/10/12/anthrax.qanda/

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 10 things you need to know about anthrax (CNN) The following questions and answers about anthrax are provided courtesy of the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia. 1. What is anthrax? Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. It most commonly occurs in mammals such as cattle, sheep, goats, camels and antelopes, but can also occur in humans when they are exposed to infected animals or tissue from infected animals. 2. How common is anthrax and who can get it? Anthrax is most common in agricultural regions where it occurs in animals. Humans infected with anthrax usually have been exposed to infected animals or their products through their occupations. Workers who are exposed to dead animals and animal products from other countries where anthrax is more common may become infected with Bacillus anthracis. 3. How is anthrax transmitted?

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