21. Persistent Knee Pain In A Recreational Runner 10 The patient discussed in this case report had symptoms consistent with anterior knee pain syndrome, which is the most common knee disorder in this age http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/464864_2

22. Netscape Search: Top > Health > Conditions And Diseases > Musculoskeletal Disord of the disorder. http//www.orthoseek.com/articles/chondromp.html. •. Chondromalacia anterior knee pain syndrome. One of the most http://search.netscape.com/ns/browse?id=257475&source=NSCPBrowse

23. AJSM -- Abstracts: BenGal Et Al. 25 (1): 118 for Sports Medicine. JOURNAL ARTICLES. The role of the knee brace in the prevention of anterior knee pain syndrome. S BenGal, J Lowe http://journal.ajsm.org/cgi/content/abstract/25/1/118

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: Order Full text via Infotrieve Similar articles found in: AJSM Online PubMed PubMed Citation This Article has been cited by: other online articles Search PubMed for articles by: BenGal, S. Matan, Y. Alert me when: new articles cite this article Download to Citation Manager JOURNAL ARTICLES The role of the knee brace in the prevention of anterior knee pain syndrome S BenGal, J Lowe, G Mann, A Finsterbush and Y Matan Zinman College of Physical Education, Wingate Institute, Jerusalem, Israel. Our prospective study evaluates the use of a knee brace with a silicon patellar support ring as a method of preventing anterior knee pain from developing in young persons undergoing strenuous physical exercise. We studied 60 young athletes, who qualified for a strenuous physical training course and who had not suffered from anterior knee pain previously. Twenty-seven subjects were in the brace group and 33 were in the nonbrace control group. The incidence of anterior knee pain syndrome increased with

24. Anterior Knee Pain anterior knee painPatella Femoral syndrome. anterior knee pain (patella femoral syndrome) is very common in athletes. Typically, pain is increased during activities involving stair climbing, squatting or kneeling. http://info.med.yale.edu/ortho/ysmc/injuries/knee.htm

Anterior Knee Pain-Patella Femoral Syndrome Anterior knee pain (patella femoral syndrome) is very common in athletes. Typically, pain is increased during activities involving stair climbing, squatting or kneeling. Patella femoral syndrome is caused by an irritation on the undersurface of the patella or knee cap, which can lead to softening and eventual loss of the cartilage lining the bone of the joint. There are many causes for patella femoral syndrome including malalignment of the lower extremity expressed as flat feet, knock knees, or internally rotated hips. The patella glides up and down in a shallow groove at the front of the femur or thigh bone. Patella femoral syndrome is generally caused by an imbalance of the muscle forces around the knee cap causing it to pull laterally and produce abnormal stresses on the undersurface of the knee cap. This is similar to having the front tire of your car slightly out of alignment leading to abnormal wear on the tire. Other causes for patella femoral syndrome include weak quadriceps muscles, injury to the knee, obesity and overuse. Initial treatment involves reducing inflammation and re-establishing the proper alignment between the knee cap and its groove. Rest is used for the painful swollen knee until symptoms improve. Stair climbing and squatting are avoided. Ice and anti-inflammatory medications are also used to decrease inflammation. Treatment is directed at strengthening the thigh muscles of the inside of the knee and stretching of the tight muscles and connective tissues of the outside of the knee. Malalignments of the flat feet are corrected with shoes with good medial arch support or through the use of orthotics. Hip rotation is improved through stretching exercises.

25. Anterior Knee Pain | Book Chapter Excerpt From Clinical Sports Medicine practise. Two common causes of anterior knee pain in sportspeople are the patellofemoral syndrome and patellar tendinopathy. Patellar http://www.clinicalsportsmedicine.com/chapters/24.htm

Clinical Sports Medicine is available online Chapter 24 Anterior Knee Pain with Jenny McConnell and Jill Cook Anterior knee pain is possibly the most common presenting symptom in clinical sports medicine practise. Two common causes of anterior knee pain in sportspeople are the patellofemoral syndrome and patellar tendinopathy. Patellar tendinopathy was formerly known as patellar tendinitis but this misnomer is progressively falling out of favor (see Chapter 2 ). Fat pad impingement is an underdiagnosed cause of anterior knee pain that may mimic features of both patellofemoral syndrome and patellar tendinopathy. The anterior knee anatomy is depicted in Figure 24.1. In this chapter, we first outline a practical approach to assessing the patient with anterior knee pain, particularly with a view to distinguishing the conditions, and we then detail their management. The chapter concludes with an outline of other causes of anterior knee pain. Clinical approach Distinguishing between patellofemoral syndrome and patellar tendinopathy as a cause of anterior knee pain can be difficult as their clinical features can be similar. Furthermore, the two conditions may both be present. Both conditions may appear simultaneously as a result of the same biomechanical abnormality or because of overuse, or one may occur first and predispose to the other (see below). The causes of anterior knee pain are listed in Table 24.1.

26. AllRefer Health - Chondromalacia Patellae Treatment (Anterior Knee Pain, Patello Chondromalacia Patellae (anterior knee pain, Patellofemoral syndrome) information center covers Treatment. Alternate Names anterior knee pain, Patellofemoral syndrome. See all Pictures Images http://www.1uphealth.com/health/chondromalacia_patellae_treatment.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Chondromalacia Patellae : Treatment of Chondromalacia Patellae Chondromalacia Patellae Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis Complications Calling Your Health Care Provider Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Anterior Knee Pain, Patellofemoral Syndrome Treatment Temporarily resting or immobilizating the knee and taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin may help relieve pain. Physical therapy, especially quadriceps strengthening and hamstring stretching, may be helpful. Participation in sports or strenuous activity should be limited until the pain has gone away. Activities that increase the knee pain, such as deep knee bends, should be avoided until the pain improves.

27. AllRefer Health - Chondromalacia Patellae Complications (Anterior Knee Pain, Pat Chondromalacia Patellae (anterior knee pain, Patellofemoral syndrome) information center covers Complications. Alzheimer's Disease. Arthritis. Asthma. Back pain. Breast Cancer. Cancer. Colon Cancer Alternate Names anterior knee pain, Patellofemoral syndrome. See all Pictures Images http://www.1uphealth.com/health/chondromalacia_patellae_complications.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Chondromalacia Patellae : Complications of Chondromalacia Patellae Chondromalacia Patellae Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis Complications Calling Your Health Care Provider Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Anterior Knee Pain, Patellofemoral Syndrome Complications The primary complication is failure of treatment to relieve pain. When surgery is necessary, surgical complications may include infection, failure to relieve pain, and worsening pain. Previous Top Next Jump to another section Definition Prevention Treatment Prognosis Complications Calling Your Health Care Provider Topics that might be of interest to you X-Ray Other Topics Broken Bone Dislocation Knee Pain Review Date : 1/15/2003 Reviewed By : Andrew L. Chen, M.D., M.S., Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

28. BioMed Central | Abstract | Anterior Knee Pain: Symptom or Syndrome? Report anterior knee pain Symptom or syndrome? Derek K Lichota MD Division of Orthopedic Surgery, 2401 South 31st Street, Scott http://www.biomedcentral.com/1534-5874/3/81/abstract

home journals A-Z journals by subject advanced search ... Issue 1 Viewing options Abstract Full text PDF Other links: E-mail to a friend Download references Search PubMed For Lichota DK Report Derek K Lichota MD Division of Orthopedic Surgery, 2401 South 31st Street, Scott and White Memorial Hospital and Clinic, Temple, TX, 76508, USA Current Women's Health Reports Abstract A chief complaint for many patients is anterior knee pain. This is more common in females; the incidence is two to three times than that in males. The challenge for the physician is to determine the etiology, the diagnosis, and the best treatment. The goal of this article is to provide key elements of the history, physical examination, and treatment options to help assist in the management of patients with anterior knee pain or patellofemoral pain syndrome. Terms and Conditions Privacy statement Information for advertisers Contact us

29. Case - Diagnosis And Management Of Anterior Knee Pain Interventional Radiology. Irritable Bowel syndrome. knee. Leukemias. Liver Cancer A 32year-old runner presents with anterior knee pain. This case discusses diagnostic procedure and http://www.docguide.com/gpc.nsf/doc?CreateDocument&n=24&id=069943142AC81

30. Evaluation Of Patients Presenting With Knee Pain: Part II. Differential Diagnosi 8 Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a common cause of anterior knee pain in women. anterior knee pain the challenge of patellofemoral syndrome. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030901/917.html

Advanced Search Evaluation of Patients Presenting with Knee Pain: Part II. Differential Diagnosis WALTER L. CALMBACH, M.D., University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas MARK HUTCHENS, M.D., University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (6 pages /96 KB). More information on using PDF files. D etermining the underlying cause of knee pain can be difficult, in part because of the extensive differential diagnosis. As discussed in part I of this two-part article, the family physician should be familiar with knee anatomy and common mechanisms of injury, and a detailed history and focused physical examination can narrow possible causes. The patient's age and the anatomic site of the pain are two factors that can be important in achieving an accurate diagnosis (Tables 1 and 2) TABLE 1 Common Causes of Knee Pain by Age Group Children and adolescents Patellar subluxation Tibial apophysitis (Osgood-Schlatter lesion) Jumper's knee (patellar tendonitis) Referred pain: slipped capital femoral epiphysis, others

31. ► Anterior Knee Pain Spanish anterior knee pain. bone). Alternative Names knee pain runner s condition; Patellofemoral stress syndrome. Considerations A http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/001259.htm

Disease Nutrition Surgery Symptoms Injury Poison Tests Special Topics A ... P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Home Medical Reference Encyclopedia (English) Toggle English Spanish Anterior knee pain Overview Symptoms Treatment Prevention Definition: Knee pain caused by misalignment of the patello-femoral joint (where the kneecap articulates with the end of the thigh bone). Alternative Names: Knee pain - runner's condition; Patellofemoral stress syndrome Considerations: A physical examination of the knee will confirm the presence of a painful joint. Tests that may be performed to rule out possible structural damage to the knee or connective tissue: a joint X-ray a joint CT scan an MRI scan of the knee Causes: The most common cause of runner's knee is pronation and lateral (away from the middle) pulling of the patella. This causes misalignment with the connective tissues and muscles involved with knee movement. Review Date: 5/30/2001 Reviewed By: Benjamin D. Roye, M.D., M.P.H., Department of Orthopaedics, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Home Health Info Our Physicians Our Services ... Make Appt.

32. ► Anterior Knee Pain anterior knee pain. Alternative Names knee pain runner s condition; Patellofemoral stress syndrome. First Aid The treatment involves http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/001259trt.htm

Disease Nutrition Surgery Symptoms Injury Poison Tests Special Topics A ... P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Home Medical Reference Encyclopedia (English) Toggle English Spanish Anterior knee pain Overview Symptoms Treatment Prevention Alternative Names: Knee pain - runner's condition; Patellofemoral stress syndrome First Aid: The treatment involves resting the knee and not resuming running until it can be done without pain. Stretching exercises for the hamstrings and quadriceps muscles, and strengthening exercises for the muscle that pulls the knee cap towards the center of the body may be prescribed by a sports-medicine specialist or physical therapist. Bicycling may be substituted for other exercise if it can be done without pain. Special shoe inserts and orthotics (support devices) may help prevent further injury after healing. Do Not: recurrent injury Call immediately for emergency medical assistance if: Call your health care provider if knee pain persists in spite of resting the joint. Review Date: 5/30/2001 Reviewed By: Benjamin D. Roye, M.D., M.P.H., Department of Orthopaedics, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

33. Johns Hopkins Orthopaedic Surgery: Patient Guide To Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome knee problems. Other names for this syndrome include retropatellar pain, anterior knee pain, and chondromalacia patellae. None of http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/orthopedicsurgery/sports/pfps.html

Patient Guide to Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) Edward G. McFarland, M.D. Andrew Cosgarea, M.D. Brian J. Krabak, M.D. What is patellofemoral pain syndrome? Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a term used to describe pain originating from the region of the patella (kneecap) and femur (thigh bone). It is an extremely common entity and probably the most common complaint of athletes and nonathletes presenting to the physicians who take care of knee problems. Other names for this syndrome include: retropatellar pain, anterior knee pain, and chondromalacia patellae. None of these terms accurately describe the cause of this pain, which remains elusive and poorly understood. What are the signs and symptoms of patellofemoral pain syndrome? What causes patellofemoral pain syndrome? The differential diagnosis of anterior knee pain is extensive and includes prepatellar bursitis, patellar and quadriceps tendinitis, patellofemoral arthrosis, patellar subluxation and dislocation, knee ligamentous and meniscal pathology and rarely soft tissue and bony tumors. In the past, this entity was called "chondromalacia". Chondromalacia specifically means abnormal softening of the articular cartilage on the undersurface of the patella. This diagnosis requires direct surgical observation and therefore should not be used synonymously with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

34. Knee Pain And Injuries Clinic. anterior knee pain Patella Femoral syndrome anterior knee pain (patella femoral syndrome) is very common in athletes. http://sportsmedicine.about.com/od/kneepainandinjuries/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Sports Medicine Sports Injury Injuries by Body Part Knee Home Essentials Sports Injury Finder 6 Injury Warning Signs ... Sports Specific Workouts zau(256,152,180,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Injury Prevention Sports Injury Training Overtraining ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Sports Medicine newsletter. zau(256,152,100,'hs','http://z.about.com/5/ad/hs.htm?zIhsid=00',''); Search Sports Medicine Knee Pain and Injuries Information about knee pain and injuries, including cause, diagnosis, treatment and prevention tips. Alphabetical Recent Up a category Knee Injury Index List A comprehensive listing of knee injuries including ACL, Meniscus, Tendons, IT Band, and more Knee Pain Primer Information about the most common types of injury to the knee, their cause and treatment. Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Medial and Lateral Collateral Ligament Injury Cartilage Injuries and Disorders of the Knee more from your guide Injuries to the Meniscus Knee Pain Questions and Answers Knee Anatomy and Physiology Osgood-Schlatter Disease ... ACL Injury Prevention Project (PEP) This program was developed by The Santa Monica Injury Prevention Project in order to decrease the number of ACL injuries incurred by female soccer players.

35. Knee Pain And Injuries more from your guide anterior knee pain Patella Femoral syndrome anterior knee pain (patella femoral syndrome) is very common in athletes. http://sportsmedicine.about.com/od/kneepainandinjuries/index_a.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Sports Medicine Sports Injury Injuries by Body Part Knee Home Essentials Sports Injury Finder 6 Injury Warning Signs ... Sports Specific Workouts zau(256,152,180,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Injury Prevention Sports Injury Training Overtraining ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Sports Medicine newsletter. zau(256,152,100,'hs','http://z.about.com/5/ad/hs.htm?zIhsid=00',''); Search Sports Medicine Knee Pain and Injuries Information about knee pain and injuries, including cause, diagnosis, treatment and prevention tips. Sort By: Guide Picks Recent Up a category ACL Injuries Treatment and Rehabilitation From the Encyclopedia of Sports Medicine and Science , a thorough discussion of ACL injuries. ACL Injury Email Course ACL Injury Prevention Project (PEP) This program was developed by The Santa Monica Injury Prevention Project in order to decrease the number of ACL injuries incurred by female soccer players. Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injury A detailed discussion from the Stone Clinic.

36. CHIROWEB | DC Archives - (Treatment For Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome) Treatment for Patellofemoral pain syndrome. by Warren Hammer,MS,DC,DABCO The etiology and treatment of anterior knee pain is often difficult to determine, as http://www.chiroweb.com/archives/19/04/07.html

Dynamic Chiropractic February 12, 2001, Volume 19, Issue 04 Printer Friendly Version Email to a Friend Search ChiroWeb! Other MPAmedia Alternative Health Site Links Acupuncture AcupunctureToday.com Massage Therapy MassageToday.com Treatment for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome by Warren Hammer,MS,DC,DABCO The etiology and treatment of anterior knee pain is often difficult to determine, as evidenced by the variety of procedures and treatments that have been proposed. The pathology called chondromalacia patella is often used as a "catch-all" diagnosis. Lateral malalignment of the patella caused by inadequate activation of the vastus medialis obliquus; tight lateral soft tissue structures; bony malalignment; patellar tilt or rotation due to imbalance of the retinacular restraints; or patella malalignment are some of the etiologies mentioned. Soft tissue surgery, such as lateral retinacular release, proximal or distal reconstruction of the extensor mechanism, and resection of a symptomatic plica are some of the surgical methods used for this problem. Patellar taping to improve patella alignment and quadriceps function has proven beneficial, especially in relieving pain and allowing painless rehabilitation. Why taping works has not been fully evaluated.

37. Patellafemoral Pain Syndrome: An Associated Disorder Or... it is suggested that remaining patients with a clinical presentation of anterior knee pain could be diagnosed with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). http://www.chiroweb.com/archives/18/14/12.html

Dynamic Chiropractic June 26, 2000, Volume 18, Issue 14 Printer Friendly Version Email to a Friend Search ChiroWeb! Other MPAmedia Alternative Health Site Links Acupuncture AcupunctureToday.com Massage Therapy MassageToday.com Patellafemoral Pain Syndrome: An Associated Disorder or Medical Problem? by Joseph Kurnik,DC There is no clear consensus in the literature concerning the terminology, aetiology and treatment for pain in the anterior part of the knee. The term 'anterior knee pain' is suggested to encompass all pain-related problems. By excluding anterior knee pain due to intra-articular pathology, peripatellar tendinitis or bursitis, plica syndromes, Sinding Larsen's disease, Osgood Schlatter's disease, neuromas and other rarely occurring pathologies, it is suggested that remaining patients with a clinical presentation of anterior knee pain could be diagnosed with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Three major contributing factors of PFPS are discussed: (1) malalignment of the lower extremity and/or the patella: (2) muscular imbalance of the lower extremity: and (3) overactivity. The above excerpt was the opening statement of a review article in Sports Medicine

38. AllRefer Health - Chondromalacia Patellae (Anterior Knee Pain, Patellofemoral Sy Chondromalacia Patellae (anterior knee pain, Patellofemoral syndrome) information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, incidence http://health.allrefer.com/health/chondromalacia-patellae-info.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Chondromalacia Patellae Chondromalacia Patellae Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Anterior Knee Pain, Patellofemoral Syndrome Definition Chondromalacia patellae is the softening and degeneration of the cartilage beneath the kneecap (patella). Chondromalacia of the Patella Runners Knee Chondromalacia patella that occurs in adolescents and young adults is thought to be related to overuse, trauma, and/or abnormal forces on the knee. It is more common in females. Many affected adolescents have a mildly abnormal alignment of the kneecap. Chondromalacia patella may also reflect arthritis of the kneecap, which is usually seen in older individuals.

39. AllRefer Health - Chondromalacia Patellae Treatment (Anterior Knee Pain, Patello Chondromalacia Patellae (anterior knee pain, Patellofemoral syndrome) information center covers Treatment. http://health.allrefer.com/health/chondromalacia-patellae-treatment.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Chondromalacia Patellae : Treatment of Chondromalacia Patellae Chondromalacia Patellae Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis Complications Calling Your Health Care Provider Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Anterior Knee Pain, Patellofemoral Syndrome Treatment Temporarily resting or immobilizating the knee and taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin may help relieve pain. Physical therapy, especially quadriceps strengthening and hamstring stretching, may be helpful. Participation in sports or strenuous activity should be limited until the pain has gone away. Activities that increase the knee pain, such as deep knee bends, should be avoided until the pain improves.

40. Chondromalacia Patellae chondromalacia patellae Alternative Names patellofemoral pain syndrome, patello-femoral stress syndrome, anterior knee pain, CMP Definition Chondromalacia http://www.northmemorial.com/healthencyclopedia/content/2606.asp

chondromalacia patellae Alternative Names patello-femoral pain syndrome, patello-femoral stress syndrome, anterior knee pain, CMP Definition Chondromalacia patella (CMP) is a syndrome involving discomfort at the front of the knee. It is associated with irritation or wear on the underside of the kneecap, or patella. What is going on in the body? Normally, the cartilage on the underside of the kneecap glides smoothly over the surface of the thighbone, or femur. The cartilage may become soft or rough due to the normal aging process, overuse, or injury. What are the signs and symptoms of the condition? Symptoms include pain on the front of the knee, particularly during stair climbing. The pain may also occur after the person has been sitting for too long, squatting, or exercising. Sometimes a feeling of stiffness of the knee or buckling can occur. Signs include clicking or rubbing of the kneecap that can be felt by a healthcare provider during bending and straightening of the knee. There may be tenderness around the kneecap, especially in the lower, inside area. Sometimes there is limitation of or pain during knee flexing. What are the causes and risks of the condition?

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