1. NORD - National Organization For Rare Disorders, Inc. The term amyloidosis includes a group of disorders caused by abnormal folding, clumping been classified as secondary amyloidosis, that is amyloidosis as secondary to another http://www.rarediseases.org/search/rdbdetail_abstract.html?disname=Amyloidosis

2. Amyloidosis Immunopathology. by Robert C. Mellors, MD, Ph.D. amyloidosis. General Considerations. (Note Pathogenesis of amyloidosis. amyloidosis http://edcenter.med.cornell.edu/CUMC_PathNotes/Immunopathology/Immuno_04.html

Immunopathology by Robert C. Mellors, M.D., Ph.D. Amyloidosis General Considerations (Note: Amyloid can be studied in the context of cell injury or immunological diseases. For this reason, we have included the same material in both Cell Injury and Immunopathology.) A myloidosis is not a single disease entity but rather a diverse group of disease processes characterized by extracellular tissue deposits, in one or many organs, of protein materials which are generically termed amyloid. Amyloid is distinguished grossly by a starch-like staining reaction with iodine (thus the term amyloid), microscopically by its extracellular distribution and tinctorial and optical properties when stained with Congo red, and by its protein fibril structure as shown by electron microscopy and x-ray crystallography (see Table-1). Table-1 Amyloid deposition may be either a primary (idiopathic) process without known antecedent or secondary to some other condition and may be localized to one specific site or generalized throughout the body (systemic), usually with fatal consequences. Although considerable overlap is seen in the organ distribution of various forms of amyloid, primary amyloidosis tends to involve mesodermal tissues, most frequently affecting peripheral nerves, skin, tongue, joints, heart, and liver while secondary amyloidosis mainly affects parenchymatous organs, such as spleen, kidneys, liver, and adrenals. Amyloid deposits typically contain three components. Amyloid protein fibrils account for about 90% of the amyloid material and comprise one of several different types of proteins with the capacity to fold into what are called "beta-pleated" sheet fibrils, a unique protein configuration with binding sites for Congo red. In addition, amyloid deposits are intimately associated with the amyloid P (pentagonal) component (AP), a glycoprotein related to normal serum amyloid P (SAP), and are closely associated with sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAG), complex carbohydrates of connective tissue.

3. Amyloidosis Support Network Provide complete, integrated, easyto-reach support and information to existing information and referrals for other sources of help. Primarily for patients and their families struggling with the disease. http://amyloidosis.org/

Search ASN About Us Site Map Email a Friend Browse Please help... Your donation will go for research to help find a cure... learn more! Mission Statement The Network's primary function is to "link those affected by amyloidosis to further support resources" and to educate the public and professionals so that the disease can be recognized earlier and appropriately treated. This web page is intended to streamline this support network and provide complete, integrated, easy-to-reach, direct access links to existing information and referrals for other sources of help, primarily for patients/families struggling with the disease. New Developments British Guidlines suggest this web site for patient information and support Fibrillex(tm) for Secondary AA Amyloidosis BUMC Publishes 8 year SCT Study NT-proBNP Blood Test for Cardiac AL Involvement ... Free Light Chain (FLC) Blood Test Essential to all Patients What is Amyloidosis? Amyloidosis is a group of diseases in which one or more organ systems in the body accumulate deposits of abnormal proteins. The name "amyloidosis" was first used more than 100 years ago but cases were described over 300 years ago. However, only within the past 20 years have physicians understood the specific make-up and structure of amyloid protein. Although amyloidosis is not cancer, it is very serious. It is disabling or life threatening. However, growing awareness of the condition seems to be leading to substantial new research and treatment alternatives.

4. Atlas Of Pathology A picture of group of proteins arranged in a Bpleated sheet affecting a blood vessel. http://www.med.uiuc.edu/PathAtlasf/CVAtlas020.html

Back to Previous Image URBANA ATLAS OF PATHOLOGY Cardiovascular Volume Image Number 020 - Amyloidosis, blood vessel Click for image Go to next image in this volume Back to Master Atlas contents

5. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 2, Ch. 18, Amyloidosis is called AL and occurs in primary amyloidosis and in amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma protein and occurs in patients with secondary amyloidosis. The third type, which http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section2/chapter18/18a.htm

This Publication Is Searchable The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Section 2. Endocrine And Metabolic Disorders Chapter 18. Amyloidosis Topics [General] [General] Amyloidosis: Accumulation in the tissues of various insoluble fibrillar proteins (amyloid) in amounts sufficient to impair normal function. Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Classification The cause of amyloid production and its deposition in tissues is unknown. In the different biochemical types of amyloidosis, etiologic mechanisms may vary. For example, in secondary amyloidosis (see below Three major types of amyloid and several less common forms have been defined biochemically. The first type, which has an N-terminal sequence that is homologous to a portion of the variable region of an immunoglobulin light chain, is called AL and occurs in primary amyloidosis and in amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma. The second type has a unique N-terminal sequence of a nonimmunoglobulin protein called AA protein and occurs in patients with secondary amyloidosis. The third type, which is associated with familial amyloid polyneuropathy, is usually a transthyretin (prealbumin) molecule that has a single amino acid substitution. Other hereditary amyloids have been found to consist of mutant gelsolin in some families, mutant apolipoprotein A-I in several others, and other mutant proteins in hereditary cerebral artery amyloid. In the amyloid associated with chronic hemodialysis, -microglobulin has constituted amyloid protein. Amyloid associated with aging in skin and with endocrine organs may represent other biochemical forms of amyloidosis. The amyloid found in the histopathologic lesions of Alzheimer's disease consists of

6. Amyloidosis Symptoms, Diagnosis And Treatment Explains how amyloidosis results from protein antibodies accumulating on an organ causing diseases such as multiple myeloma and mad cow disease. amyloidosis Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment. amyloidosis occurs when abnormal antibody proteins or accumulates, organ function begins to decline. amyloidosis can affect any organ http://www.information-on-amyloidosis.com/

Amyloidosis Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment Amyloidosis occurs when abnormal antibody proteins or other protein fragments build up in an organ. As the protein accumulates, organ function begins to decline. Amyloidosis can affect any organ. In its primary form, it is a serious but rare condition: only eight out of every million Americans are diagnosed every year. Its cause is unknown. Amyloid Antibodies and Bone Marrow The proteins that accumulate in organs are called amyloid proteins. In some cases, the amyloid proteins are abnormal antibodies produced by the bone marrow. Normal antibodies circulate in the blood and break down over time. Amyloid antibodies do not break down as easily. Instead, the antibodies accumulate in the bloodstream. The abnormal antibodies eventually leave the blood and are deposited in organs. Amyloidosis Can Affect Any Organ Amyloid deposits can build up in any organ in the body. The disease may affect a single organ, or it may be systemic , affecting organs throughout the body. The following areas of the body appear to be more susceptible to amyloid accumulation than others: adrenal glands brain heart kidneys liver lymph nodes muscle tissue nerves pancreas spleen thyroid.

7. Symptoms Of Amyloidosis Ask the doctor medical forum for patients hosted by Med Help. A brief look at this disease and the symptoms. http://www.medhelp.org/perl6/neuro/archive/4773.html

Questions in The Neurology Forum are being answered by doctors from The Cleveland Clinic , consistently ranked one of the best hospitals in America. Subject: Symptoms of Amyloidosis Topic Area: Amyloidosis Forum: The Neurology and Neurosurgery Forum Question Posted By: EM on Wednesday, April 22, 1998 I understand that amyloidosis is a neurological condition and that an enlarged tongue can be a symptom. What are the other symptoms of this disease and is the onset of the disease slow or does it advance rapidly? Are fasciculations a common symptom? Muscle weakness? Thank you for your help. Amyloidosis is in fact a multisystem disease which sometimes may effect the nervous system. It involves the deposition of protein aggregates in various tissues and can be either a genetic condition or may occurr in response to another pathological condition,for example chronic inflammation. The age of onset and progression of amyloidosis is largely dependent on the underlying cause with more rapid evolution in the familial (inherited) types. The neurological manifestations usually declare themselves in

8. Head And Neck Manifestations Of Amyloidosis Written by J. Cary Moorhead, MD for the Baylor College of Medicine. http://www.bcm.tmc.edu/oto/grand/4992.html

Grand Rounds Archives The information contained within the Grand Rounds Archive is intended for use by doctors and other health care professionals. These documents were prepared by resident physicians for presentation and discussion at a conference held at The Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. No guarantees are made with respect to accuracy or timeliness of this material. This material should not be used as a basis for treatment decisions, and is not a substitute for professional consultation and/or peer-reviewed medical literature. HEAD AND NECK MANIFESTATIONS OF AMYLOIDOSIS J. Cary Moorhead, MD April 9, 1992 Amyloidosis is not a specific disease per se, but rather is the result of a number of unrelated disease processes leading to deposition of extracellular protein in tissues throughout the body. This disease frequently presents with head and neck manifestations. Amyloidosis is typified by extracellular deposition of insoluble proteinaceous material which has typical staining properties and electron microscopic appearance. Its hallmark is an apple green birefringence under polarized microscopy. Under the electron microscope, amyloid appears as a mass of rigid, nonbranching fibrils. X-ray crystallography reveals that these fibrils have a regular, antiparallel, beta-pleated sheet configuration. Amyloidosis can affect virtually any organ or tissue in the body. The most common presenting symptoms are fatigue or weakness, weight loss, ankle edema, dyspnea, paresthesias, and light-headedness or syncope. The most common physical findings are hepatosplenomegaly, edema, macroglossia, orthostatic hypotension and purpura. A number of associated syndromes are frequently seen, including carpal tunnel syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, nephrotic syndrome, congestive heart failure and sprue. The most significantly involved organ systems are the kidneys and heart. Failure of these two systems also constitutes the two leading causes of death.

9. Peripheral Neuropathy And Amyloidosis Ask the doctor medical forum for patients hosted by Med Help. http://www.medhelp.org/perl6/neuro/archive/10656.html

Questions in The Neurology Forum are being answered by doctors from The Cleveland Clinic , consistently ranked one of the best hospitals in America. Subject: Peripheral Neuropathy and Amyloidosis Topic Area: Amyloidosis Forum: The Neurology and Neurosurgery Forum Question Posted By: Clara on Monday, October 26, 1998 You may have come up with something which explains your problems and it is VERY important that you share this information with bothof your physicians. Amyloidosis is a disease in which abnormal protein polymers or aggregates are laid dowm in multiple organs, it usually occurrs in response to chronic infection or inflammation and given your history of chronic hepatitis you would be a likely candidate. Amyloid is laid dowm as I mentioned in multiple organs,including skin, spleen, kidneys and peripheral nerves. In solid organs it can cause enlargement,in peripheral nerves it can cause neuropathy. The diagnosis can be made by a biopsy of a peripheral nerve or any other involved tissue, I would bring this to the attention of your neurologist as it is obviously very relevant ot your subsequent evaluation and treatment.

10. Redirect Page For "/mmgrg/rst/aapamph.htm" comes from cells in your bone marrow. amyloidosis (pronounced ami-loy-do'-sis) results when enough amyloid protein most often affected. amyloidosis is a disease of the bone marrow http://www.mayo.edu/mmgrg/rst/aapamph.htm

The page you requested has moved to a new location. http://www.mayoclinic.org/amyloidosis-rst/ This page should automatically redirect your browser. Please update your bookmarks. File aapamph.htm last modified: Wednesday, 08-Jan-2003 18:51:16 CST

11. Treatment Of POEMS Syndrome, Mayo Clinic In Rochester, Minn. Mayo Clinic Rochester answers questions on amyloidosis including what it is, who gets it, what its symptoms are, diagnosis, and treatment. http://www.mayoclinic.org/poems-rst/

Home About Mayo Clinic Contact Us Mayo Clinic Locations: Arizona Florida Minnesota Mayo Clinic ... Medical Services POEMS Syndrome POEMS Syndrome Treatment Symptoms Appointments Clinical Trials ... Medical Services Treatment of POEMS Syndrome at Mayo Clinic in Rochester POEMS syndrome is a very rare type of bone marrow disorder whose cause is unknown. It involves an overgrowth of bone marrow cells called plasma cells, which produce chemicals that damage other parts of the body. It is not inherited, nor is it contagious. Patients sometimes confuse POEMS syndrome with multiple myeloma. The symptoms and potential complications of these diseases are very different. The average expected life span is better in patients with POEMS (who may have osteosclerotic myeloma ) than it is in patients with multiple myeloma. The diagnosis of POEMS syndrome is made by combining the information from a thorough history, physical examination, and blood, urine, X-ray and bone marrow tests. The overgrowth of plasma cells can often be detected by finding an abnormal protein in the blood or urine (a monoclonal protein), by an abnormality on a bone X-ray and/or a bone marrow biopsy. POEMS is a syndrome, which means that several features must be present to make the diagnosis. Because it is so rare, the diagnosis is often missed. Initially, people may have been told that they have a nerve problem without any known cause. Or they may have been told that they have multiple myeloma, a type of bone marrow cancer. Mayo Clinic approach Mayo Clinic uses an integrated approach involving a multispecialty team of physicians in caring for patients with POEMS syndrome. Working together, Mayo clinicians develop a treatment plan based on the patient's individual needs and health issues.

12. Amyloidosis amyloidosis Menu. This is a webforum to discuss and comment on amyloidosis. Click here to Enter a new Neurology WebForum article Click Here to Read our Forum Disclaimer and Statement of Purpose . http://neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu/forum/AmyloidosisMenu.html

Amyloidosis Menu This is a webforum to discuss and comment on Amyloidosis. Click here to Enter a new Neurology WebForum article... This Web Forum is not moderated in any sense. Anyone on the Internet can post articles or reply to previously posted articles, and they may do so anonymously. Therefore, the opinions and statements made in all articles and replies do not represent the official opinions of MGH and MGH Neurology. Neither is MGH or MGH Neurology responsible for the content of any articles or replies. No messages are screened for content. - Very Important Message! - Please Click Here to Read Current Posts: Oct 10, 1997 to Present Useful Websites can be found and posted here! Terrible Abdominal Pain (1/13/00) 4:20 PM Droopy Eyelid (1/7/00) 11:24 PM (1/7/00) 11:17 PM ... (10/15/97) 2:10 PM IMPORTANT: If this page seems to be missing recently added documents, click the "Reload Page" button on your Web Browser to update the menu. Return to the main Neurology WebForum Page. These forums are maintained by the Department of Neurology at Massachusetts General Hospital John Lester - Webspinner

13. Amyloidosis Join a support group for this disease and links to other sites. http://www.sblupus.org/amyloid.html

Amyloidosis Amyloidosis Information Page Amyloidosis Medical Links Amyloidosis Network International Amyloidosis Web Forum and Links ... Boston University Amyloid Treatment and Medical Center Guide for Patients Healthlink USA Mayo Clinic Patient InformationAmyloidosis Neuromuscular Disease Center Amyloidosis NORD Amyloidosis ... Yahoo! Amyloidosis We have started an email discussion list for anyone with an interest in amyloidosis. Try it out! To subscribe, click on the link below: Click to subscribe to amyloidosis Return to the Resource List Go to Did you come to this page first? Check out our features on the Resource List and the Main Menu ! Also, visit our bookstore ! And please post on our Message Board Share your favorite links with us so we can add them to this page! E-mail us at sblc@silcom.com Tell us what you liked and didn't like about any links or our page in general. Fill out a Comment Card or e-mail us Find any BUGS on our pages? Something go to the wrong place, misspelled, out-of-date, or otherwise need fixing? Please let us know! Fill out a

14. Amyloidosis amyloidosis. An Article by Linda Tintle, DVM. Published in the July/August 1993 issue of The Barker. What is amyloidosis? A generic term for a collection of diseases that result in the abnormal deposition of amyloid protein throughout the body. Dogs (or people) with amyloidosis can't break these APP down into excretable form and instead turn it into Amyloid AA http://sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu/~lwaej/sharamli.html

AMYLOIDOSIS An Article by Linda Tintle, DVM Published in the July/August 1993 issue of The Barker What is Amyloidosis? A generic term for a collection of diseases that result in the abnormal deposition of amyloid protein throughout the body. How is Amyloid Made? When inflammation occurs, certain chemicals are produced and released into the blood. These chemicals of inflammation are called the Acute Phase Reactant Proteins (APP). After the inflammation has gone away, the APP are broken down by the body and excreted. Dogs (or people) with amyloidosis can't break these APP down into excretable form and instead turn it into Amyloid AA and dump it outside the cells but still within the body. Why does the Amyloid make them sick? Amyloid is constantly deposited outside the cells. It builds up like a garbage heap in an alley vay until it starts to squeeze the adjacent cell walls. The compressed cells can't work properly. The damage or disease that results depends on what kinds of body cells are most severely damaged or killed. Kidncys can't heal themselves by growing new kidney cells. If a kidney cell dies, it is gone for good and can't be replaced. This is why the amyloid protein usually causes kidney failure first.

15. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Primary Amyloidosis Primary amyloidosis. Primary amyloidosis is a disorder in which insoluble protein fibers are deposited in tissues and organs, impairing their function. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000533.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Primary amyloidosis Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Amyloidosis on the fingers Amyloidosis on the face Alternative names Return to top Amyloid - primary Definition Return to top Primary amyloidosis is a disorder in which insoluble protein fibers are deposited in tissues and organs, impairing their function. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top The cause of primary amyloidosis is unknown, but the condition is related to abnormal production of immunoglobulins by a type of immune cell called plasma cells. The symptoms depend on the organs affected by the deposits, which can include the tongue, intestines, skeletal and smooth muscles, nerves, skin, ligaments, heart, liver, spleen, and kidneys. This can result in the following conditions: Cardiomyopathy (poor heart function) Kidney failure Carpal tunnel syndrome (painful swelling of nerves in the wrist) Malabsorption (inadequate absorption of nutrients from the intestinal tract) Gastrointestinal reflux (GERD) Other conditions The deposits infiltrate the affected organs, causing them to lose resilience and become stiff, which decreases their ability to function. Secondary amyloidosis can be caused by infection, inflammatory diseases, and sometimes cancer.

16. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Hereditary Amyloidosis Hereditary amyloidosis. Alternative names Return to top. amyloidosis hereditary Definition Return to top. amyloidosis is a type of http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000368.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Hereditary amyloidosis Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Illustrations Amyloidosis on the fingers Alternative names Return to top Amyloidosis - hereditary Definition Return to top Amyloidosis is a type of disease in which an abnormal protein deposits in various tissues. These protein deposits damage the tissues and interfere with the function of the involved organ. The abnormal protein deposits are called amyloid, hence the name of this group of diseases. Amyloidosis occurs in multiple forms: spontaneous, hereditary, and resulting from a cancer of the blood cells called myeloma. Hereditary amyloidosis is an inherited form that is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Update Date: 1/30/2004 Updated by: Douglas R. Stewart, M.D., Division of Medical Genetics, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Health Topics Drug Information Encyclopedia Dictionary ... U.S. National Library of Medicine

17. Health And Medical Information: Diseases And Conditions, Medical Dictionary, Pro MedicineNet.com With its definition, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. http://www.medicinenet.com/Script/Main/Art.asp?li=MNI&d=51&cu=16583&

18. Amyloidosis Support Network primary function is to "link those affected by amyloidosis to further support resources" and to educate the public What is amyloidosis? amyloidosis is a group of diseases in which http://www.amyloidosis.org/

Search ASN About Us Site Map Email a Friend Browse Please help... Your donation will go for research to help find a cure... learn more! Mission Statement The Network's primary function is to "link those affected by amyloidosis to further support resources" and to educate the public and professionals so that the disease can be recognized earlier and appropriately treated. This web page is intended to streamline this support network and provide complete, integrated, easy-to-reach, direct access links to existing information and referrals for other sources of help, primarily for patients/families struggling with the disease. New Developments British Guidlines suggest this web site for patient information and support Fibrillex(tm) for Secondary AA Amyloidosis BUMC Publishes 8 year SCT Study NT-proBNP Blood Test for Cardiac AL Involvement ... Free Light Chain (FLC) Blood Test Essential to all Patients What is Amyloidosis? Amyloidosis is a group of diseases in which one or more organ systems in the body accumulate deposits of abnormal proteins. The name "amyloidosis" was first used more than 100 years ago but cases were described over 300 years ago. However, only within the past 20 years have physicians understood the specific make-up and structure of amyloid protein. Although amyloidosis is not cancer, it is very serious. It is disabling or life threatening. However, growing awareness of the condition seems to be leading to substantial new research and treatment alternatives.

19. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 2, Ch. 18, Amyloidosis amyloidosis. Topics. amyloidosis Accumulation in the tissues of various insoluble fibrillar proteins (amyloid) in amounts sufficient to impair normal function. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section2/chapter18/18a.jsp

20. THE MERCK MANUALSECOND HOME EDITION, Ch. 304, Amyloidosis Section 25. Special Subjects. Chapter 304. amyloidosis. Topic amyloidosis. amyloidosis. amyloidosis is a rare disease in http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual_home2/sec25/ch304/ch304a.jsp

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